The person charging this material is re- sponsible for its return on or before the Latest Date stamped below. Theft, mutilation, and underlining of books are reasons for disciplinary action and may result in dismissal from the University. University of Illinois Library ^ 'V "a-- ’ ■ \ ^;'' ( ¥■. V': " 7 \* 'i.- 1 ' v;: . ]. • ' S^‘., I \ t ■ Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2016 https://archive.org/detaiis/annaismagazineof1919unse THE ANNALS AND MAGAZINE OF NATURAL HISTORY, INCLUDING ZOOLOGY, BOTANY, and GEOLOGY. (being a continuation op the ‘annals’ combined with LOUDON AND CHARLESWORTII’S ‘ MAGAZINE OP NATURAL HISTORY.’) CONDUCTED BY ALBERT C. L. G. GUNTHER, M.A., M.D., Ph.D., F.R.S., WILLIAM CARRUTHERS, F.R.S., F.L.S., F.G.S., AND WILLIAM FRANCIS, F.L.S. VOL. XIX.— SEVENTH SERIES. LONDON: PRINTED AND PUBLISHED BY TAYLOR AND FRANCIS. SOLD BY SIMPKIN, MARSHALL, HAMILTON, KENT, AND CO., LD. ; BAILLIERE, PARIS: HODGES, FIGGIS, AND CO., DUBLIN : AND ASHER, BERLIN. 1907. r “Omnes res creatso sunt divinaj sapientiaj et potentise testes, divitiaj felicitatis hurnanae: — ex harum usu honitas Creatoris; ex pulchritudino sapientia Domini ; ex oeconomia in conservatione, proportione, renovatione, potentia majestatis elucet. Eanim itaque indagatio ab hominibus sibi relictis semper acstimata ; h vero eruditis et sapientibus semper oxculta ; male doctis et barbaris semper inimica fuit.” — Linnaeus. “ Quel que soit le principe de la vie animale, il ne faut qu’ouvrir les yeux pour voir qu’elle est le chef-d’eeuvre de la Toute-puissance, et le but auquel se rappor- tent toutes ses operations.” — Buuckner, ThSorie du 8ysteme Animal, Leyden, 1767. The sylvan powers Obey our summons ; from their deepest dells The Dryads come, and throw their garlands wild And odorous branches at our feet; the Nymphs That press with nimble step the mountain-thyme And purple heath-flower come not empty-handed. But scatter round ten thousand forms minute Of velvet moss or lichen, torn from rock Or rifted oak or cavern deep : the Naiads too Quit their loved native stream, from whose smooth face They crop the lily, and each sedge and rush That drinks the rippling tide : the frozen poles. Where peril waits the bold adventurer’s tread. The burning sands of Borneo and Cayenne, All, all to us unlock their secret stores And pay their cheerful tribute. J. Taylor, Norwich, 1818, aces ubrary CONTENTS OF VOL. XIX. [SEVENTH SERIES,] NUMBER CIX. Page I. Descriptions of new Pyralidce of the Subfamilies Hydrocampince and Scopariancs. By Sir George E. Hampson, Bart., B.A., ’F.Z.S., &c 1 II. On some new Species of Blattidce in the Oxford and Paris Museums. By R. Shelford, M.A., E.L.S 25 III. New Eastern, Australian, and African Heterocera. By Colonel C. Swinhoe, M.A., F.L.S., &c 49 IV. Descriptions of Six new Species of Coleoptera from New Zealand. By Major T. Broun, F.E.S 66 V. Descriptions of Three new Fishes from Yunnan, collected by Mr. J. Graham. By C. Tate Regan, B.A 63 VI. Diagnoses of new Central- American Freshwater Fishes of the Families CyprmodontidcB and Mugilidcs. By C. Tate Regan, B.A 64 VII. A Contribution towards a Knowledge of the Entozoa of British Marine Fishes.— Part I. By William Nicoll, M.A., B.Sc., Gatty Marine Laboratory, St. Andrews. (Plates I.-IV.) . . 66 VIII. Descriptions of Fifteen Terrestrial Mollusca from South Africa. By James Cosmo Melvill, M.A., F.L.S., and John Henry PoNSONBY, F.Z.S. (Plate VI.) 94 IX. On Three Mollusk-infesting Trematodes. By Marie V. IjEBOUR, B.Sc., Armstrong College, Newcastle-upon-Tyne. (Plates Vlt. & VHI.) 102 0 103468 IV CONTENTS. Page X. Preliniinary Diagnoses of Six new Mysidoi from tlie West Coast of Ireland. Dy W. M. Tattersall, H.Sc., Department of Agriculture and Technical Instruction, Fisheries Branch, Dublin . . 106 XI. On further new Mammals obtained by the Ruwenzori Expe- dition. By Oldfield Thomas 118 XII. Note on Ochotona {Conothoa) aurita, Blanf., from Ladak. By J. Lewis Boniiote, M.A 124 XIII. On Two new Parasitic Coleoptera (Fam. Staphylinidce) from South America. By Gilbert J. Arrow, F.E.S 125 New Books : — Catalogue of the Indian Decapod Crustacea in the Collection of the Indian Museum. Part III. Macrura. Fasciculus 1. The Prawns of the Peneus Group. By A. Alcock, M.B., LL.D., C.I.E., F.R.S. — A Treatise on Zoology. Edited by E. Ray Lankester, M.A., LL.D., F.R.S. Part V. Mollusca. By Paul Pelseneer, D.Sc 127 Note of Correction : Parorchis, n. nom., for Zeugorchis, Nicoll, 1906, by Win. Nicoll, M.A., I3.Sc., Gatty Marine Laboratory, St. Andrews 128 4 NUMBER CX. XIV. On the Bats of the Family Meg ader mat idee. By Knud Andersen and R. C. Wroughton 129 XV. Note on the Crab Hymenosoma depressum, Jacquinot and Lucas. By Charles Chilton, M.A., D.Sc., F.L.S., Professor of Biology, Canterbury College, New Zealand. (Plate V.) 146 XVI. Descriptions of new Species of Trochomorpha, Cochlostyla, Ampliidromus, Bulimulus, Brymeeus, Placostylus, Stenogyra, Lepto- poma, Cyelophornis, Cyclotus, and Alycceus. By Hugh C. Fulton. (Plates IX. & X.) 149 XVII. Notes on Papuina and Pupina. By Hugh C. Fulton . . 158 XVIII. Description of a new Cyprinoid Fish, Acheilognathus signifer, from Korea, with a Synopsis of all the known Rhodeince. By L. S. Berg (St. Petersburg) 159 XIX. Description of a new Cyprinoid Fish, Paraleucogohio nota- canthus, from N. China. By L. S. Berg (St. Petersburg) 163 XX. Description of a new Species of Eulota from Formosa. By G. K. Gude, F.Z.S 164 XXI. On some undescribed Phytophagous and Parasitic Hynieno- ptera from the Oriental Zoological Region. By P. Cameron .... 166 CONTENTS. V Page XXII, On tho Black-and-tan Pattern of Domestic Dogs {Cams familiaris). By li. I. Pococx, P.L.S., F.Z.S., Superintendent of the Zoological Society’s Gardens 192 XXIII. Seminiila'. a Note by Arthur Vaughan, B.A., D.Sc., F.G.S ■ 194 Neio Book: — Illustrations of British Blood-sucking Flies, with Notes by Ernest Edward Austen 199 Proceedings of the Geological Society 200 NUMBER CXI. XXIV. New Species of Eastern Heterocera. By Colonel C. SwiNHOE, M.A., F.L.S., &c 201 XXV. Notes on Scorpions, with Descriptions of Two new Species. By A. S. Hirst 208 XXVI. Descriptions of Three new Lizards and a new Frog, dis- covered by Dr. W. J. Ansorge in Angola. By G. A. Boulenger, F.R.S 212 XXVII. Diagnoses of new Species of Corhula and Bithinella from Lower Bengal. By H. B. Preston, F.Z.S 215 XXVIII. Descriptions of Nine new Species of Land-Shells from New Caledonia. By II. B. Preston, F.Z.S 217 XXIX. Descriptions of new Genera and Species of Sijntomidlii eonehas Ferte, Deaj pelagi, et pingui eonehyiia sueeo.” N.Parthenii Giannettasi,T^Q\. 1. No. 109. JANUARY 1907. I. — Descriptions of new Pyralidse of the Subfamilies Hydro- campinse and Scoparianse. By Sir George F. Hampson, Bart., B.A., F.Z.S., &c. [Concluded from vol. xviii. p. 472.] ' Genus Pseudlithosia, nov. Palpi upturned, short, not reaching vertex of head, smoothly scaled, the third joint moderate ; maxillary palpi minute, filiform ; frons rounded ; antennse simple in both sexes ; legs long and slender, the spurs short ; retinaculum of male a corneous bar. Fore wing very long and narrow ; vein 3 from angle of cell ; 4, 5 from angle ; 6 from well below upper angle ; 7 from angle ; 8, 9, 10 stalked from long before angle. Hind wing with veins 3 and 5 separate, 4 absent ; 6 from upper angle ; 7 from well before upper angle and anastomosing with 8. (1.) Pseudtithosia Schausi, sp. n. . Head and thorax black-brown ; abdomen fulvous- brown. Fore wing black-brown. Hind wing pale brown. Ann, (Sc Mag. N. Hist. Ser. 7. Vol. xix. 1 2 Sir G. F. IlaiYipson on new Pyralidse ? . Fore wing with diffused white scales forming traces of antcmedial, medial, and subterminal bands. Hah. Mexico, Jalisco, Guadalajara [Schaus), 1 $ type. Exp., ^ 32, ? 40 mm. Type in Coll. Schaus. (4.) Daulia argyrophoralis, sp. n. Mid tibia of male without groove and tuft of hair ; fore wing with vein 10 from cell or stalked with 8, 9. Head and thorax ochreous tinged with brown ; fore legs tinged with fuscous ; abdomen white slightly tinged with ochreous. Fore wing ochreous yellow irrorated with a few black scales, more thickly on disk ; a silvery fascia below base of cell, then obliquely bent downwards to middle of inner margin ; some silvery scales in middle and end of cell and beyond discocellulars, on which there is a slight fulvous lunule ; a silvery subtcrmihal slightly curved band defined on each side by fine black lines; a narrow silvery terminal band defined on inner side by a slight black line ; cilia yellow at base, silvery white at tips. Hind wing uniform ochreous white. Hab. Argentina, Florenzia, Gran Chaco [S. R. Wagner), 2 c? ^ 1 $ type. Exp. 20 mm. (4 a.) Luma flavimarginalis, sp. n. Head and thorax orange-yellow ; palpi with the second joint black above ; abdomen fuscous, the extremity and ventral surface yellow. Fore wing fuscous brown with a purplish gloss ; the base orange-yellow ; an orange-yellow terminal baud expanding widely to costa, the outer edge of brown area being strongly curved. Hind wing fuscous brown with a slight purplish gloss ; an orange-yellow terminal band expanding slightly to costa. Hab. Ceylon, Maskeliya {Green, de Mowbray), 1 1 $ type. Exp., S' 28, $ 36 mm. (6 a.) Luma holoxantha, sp. n. $ . Head, thorax, and abdomen orange-yellow. Fore wiDg uniform glossy yellow. Hind wing pale glossy yellow. Hab. Mashon ALAND, Salisbury [Marshall), 1 ? type. Exp. 30 mm. (2.) Margarochroma fuscalis, sp. n. Antennae annulate. S . Black-brown ; pectus, legs, and ventral surface of 3 of the Subfamily Ilydrocam pinse. alxlomeii whitish ; wings mixed with greyish. Fore wing with a pale siibterminal line, oblique with an inward curve from costa to vein 5, then minutely dentate and indistinct to tornus. Hind wing with indistinct minutely dentate subterminal line. Hab. Celebes, Bonthain, Mdrulaman, 2300' {Everett). Exp. 14 mm. Type in Coll. Rothschild. (6 a.) Draccenura chrysochroa, sp. n. S . Head, thorax, and abdomen orange-yellow ; palpi white at base, black at tips ; lower part of frons blackish ; pectus and ventral surface of abdomen white ; mid tibise black at base. Fore wing orange-yellow, rather deepei orange towards termen, the costa tinged with fuscous ; a slight, dark, somewhat sinuous and oblique antemedial line ; a black point in middle of cell and slender discoidal bar ; a brown postmedial line, slightly bent outwards to costa, then erect ; cilia black at base, grey at tips. Hind wing orange- yellow, deeper orange towards termen; a slight obliquely curved brown line from below middle of costa to above tornus ; cilia black at base, white at tips. Hab. S.W. New Guinea, Kapaur {Doherty) y 2 S type. E.xp. 22 mm. (6 b.) Bradina costalis, sp. n. $ . White ; palpi brown at tips ; neck brown ; shoulders with a brown stripe ; abdomen dorsally tinged with brown. Fore wing with dark brown moderately broad costal fascia ; both wings with diffused brown terminal band, narrowing to a point at submedian fold of hind wing ; the cilia white. Hab. Solomons, Guadalcanar. Exp. 26 mm. Type in Coll. Rothschild. (17 a.) Bradina glaucinalisy sp. n. Head, thorax, and abdomen fuscous brown, the last with white segmental rings ; pectus, legs, and ventral surface of abdomen whitish. Fore wing pale glossy gf’ey-brown, with traces of dark discoidal point and oblique postmedial line ; a fine dark terminal line ; cilia broAvnish white, with dark line at base. Hind wing uniform pale glossy grey-brown, with fine dark terminal line ; cilia brown at base, whitish at tips. Hab. New Guinea, Kapaur {Doherty), 1 c?, 1 ? type; Solomons, Florida 1. {Meek), 1 ? . Exp. 22-30 mm. ) 1* 4 Sir G. F. Ilanipson on new Pyralldse (18«.) Bradina dentalis, sp. n. Pale silky brownish ochreous ; palpi and frons fuscous ; anal tuft vvliite. Fore wing with the costal area suffused with purplish fuscous ; an antemedial black line bent inwards to costa ; a point in middle of cell and discoidal lunule ; a minutely dentate postmcdial linc^ bent outwards below costa^ then oblique. Hind wing with oblique discoidal striga ; a minutely dentate curved postmedial line. Hab. Sum BA [Doherty) ; Selaru [Micholitz), 1 ^ type. Exp. 22-24 mm. (26 a.) Bradina pwniUalis, sp. n. Ilead^ thorax, and abdomen grey tinged with brown and irrorated with black ; palpi and legs banded with black ; abdomen with dorsal black band before anal tuft. Fore wing grey tinged with brown and irrorated with black ; the costa blackish to beyond middle ; diffused black subbasal and antemedial lines, the latter expanding into a patch below cell ; a rather x -shaped black discoidal spot ; postmedial line black, diffused, rather maculate, excurved between veins 5 and 3, then retracted to below end of cell ; a terminal series of blackish striae. Hind wing grey suffused with fuscous brown. Hab. SuMBAWA [Doherty), 1 ^ type ; Pura [Doherty), 1 $ . Exp. 10 mm. (27 a.) Bradina punctilinealis , sp. n. (^ . Very pale yellow; abdomen dorsally tinged with fuscous at middle. Fore wing with black point in middle of cell and slight oblique discoidal lunule ; a curved post- medial series of minute black streaks on the veins. Hind wing with oblique postmedial series of minute dark streaks on veins 6-2. Hab. Fiji, Navua I. [de la Garde), 1 type. Exp. 22 mm. \ ^(28 a.) Bradina neuralis, sp. n. ^ . Hel(id and thorax whitish tinged with brown ; palpi black at tips ; antennae ringed with brown; fore tibiae and tarsi banded with black ; abdomen white tinged with brown, the terminal half dorsally banded with fuscous. Fore wing white, the costal and apical areas suffused with cupreous brown, the veins streaked with brown ; a dark spot on costa of the Subfamily Ilydrocampina). 5 near base ; an elongate spot in middle of cell, n itb diffused brown band from it to inner margin ; a dark discoidal spot ; a dark postmedial line excurved between veins 5 and 2. Hind wing white ; the veins stieaked with brown except at base; a discoidal point; a postmedial line excurved between veins 5 and 2 ; apical area suffused with brown, narrowing to a point at vein 2. Ilab. Samoa, Pago I. [de la Garde), 1 S type. Exp. 22 mm. (30 a.) Bradina hemiphcealis , sp. n. S . Head and thorax fuscous black ; pectus and abdomen whitish suffused with fuscous brown. Fore wing deep fuscous brown with slight dark irroration ; faint traces of a darker discoidal spot and postmedial line excurved at middle ; cilia rather paler fuscous brown. Hind wing white slightly tinged with fuscous brown ; traces of a slightly diffused postmedial line, excurved at median nervules, then obsolete; a rather diffused fuscous terminal line from apex to vein 2 ; cilia white, with faint brown line near base towards apex ; the underside more strongly tinged with fuscous brown, the costal area fuscous, the terminal area suffused with fuscous. Hah. Br. E. Africa, Kikuyu, Nairobi Plains [Crawskay) , 1 S type. Exp. 30 mm. (34.) Bradina purpurascens, sp. n. $ . Deep purplish fuscous ; palpi below, pectus, and ventral surface of abdomen white. Fore wing with oblique antemedial black line, slightly angled on median nervure ; a point in cell and discoidal lunule ; the postmedial line slightly excurved below costa, oblique to vein 5, bent out-, wards between veins 5 and 2, retracted to below end of cell, and slightly excurved above inner margin, defined by white, on outer side between costa and vein 5 ; the apical area suffused with black. Hind wing with the postmedial line bent outwards between veins 5 and 2, then retracted to below end of cell and excurved above inner margin; cilia white at tips. Underside purplish grey. Hah. Jamaica. Exp. 20 mm. Type in Coll. Rothschild. (4.) Coptobasis lopkocera, sp. n. Antennae of male without tuft and excision at base, the shaft w'ith large tuft of hair at three fourths from base ; fore G Sir G. F. Ilampson on new Pyrallcise femora and mid tibiae with tufts of hair ; bind tibiae flat- tened, greatly eurved and shortened, the tibiae, spurs, and tarsi with immensely developed tufts of hair. $ . Uniform very dark brown ; palpi at base below, pectus, legs, and ventral suii'ace of abdomen whitish ; fore tibiae with fuscous band. Hab. S. Celebes {Doherty), 1 S type. Eorp. 36 mm. (5.) Ccelorhjncidia jmrpurea, sp. n. Hind tibiae of male with tufts of hair on inner side and a thickly scaled process on outer side at extremity. Black suffused with brilliant purple; palpi and legs at base and underside of abdomen white. Fore wing with indistinct curved antemedial black line ; both wings with discoidal spot ; the postmedial line exeurved from costa to vein 2, then retracted to lower angle of cell. Hind wing with the cilia white. Underside with the discoidal spots and postmedial line defined by whitish. Hab. Amboina {Dohey'ty), 1 ^ typ®- Exp. 24 mm. (6.) Coelorhyncidia nitidalis, sp. n. Head, thorax, and abdomen glossy grey slightly tinged with brown ; palpi blackish, white below ; pectus, legs, and ventral surface of abdomen white; fore tibia at extremity and terminal joints of tarsus black. Fore wing uniform glossy grey slightly tinged with browm. Hind wing rather paler glossy grey with a faint brown tinge; the underside pure white. Hab, New Guinea, Kapaur {Doherty), 1 $ , Milne Bay {Meek)y 1 1 $ type. Exp., ^ 26, ? 30 mm. (7.) Diathrausta cymialis, sp. n. ^ . Head and thorax cupreous brown ; palpi white below ; pectus and legs whitish ; abdomen cupreous brown with slight white segmental rings, the ventral surface white. Fore wing cupreous brown irrorated with fuscous ; some white scales below the cell near base ; antemedial line whitish defined on each side by black scales, exeurved ; the medial area somewhat whiter except costal area ; an obscure dark spot at upper angle of cell; postmedial line white defined on each side by black, oblique to vein 7, inw^ardly oblique to vein 2, retracted to upper angle of cell, incurved and out- wardly oblique to vein 1 and erect to inner margin ; a slight white mark on costa towards apex ; termen blackish, with some irregular white marks, the mark above vein 6 some- 7 of the Subfamily IIy(lrocampina3. what dentate ; cilia cupreous at base, with black medial line and whitish tips. Hind wing cupreous l)ro wn suffused in parts with fuscous ; an indistinct blackish discoidal bar defined on each side by whitish ; a whitish line from lower angle oC cell to inner margin defined on each side by black; a curved white postmedial line defined on each side by blaek ; a white subterminal line defined on each side by black, ex- curved from costa to discal fold, where it is interrupted, then oblique, and ending on termen at vein 1 ; cilia cupreous at base, with black medial line and whitish tips. Hab. Brazil, Castro Parana (Jones), 1 S fype. Exp. 16 mm. (2.) Deuteropliysa micralis, sp. n. Antenme of male annulate ; fore wing with the apex not produced and without fovea above vein 7. Purplish grey; palpi fuscous, wdiite at base; legs whitish ; wings glossy, whth very fine striae. Fore wing with the first line almost medial, fine, brown, somewhat oblique from eosta to submedian fold, where it is slightly bent inwards; postmedial line brown, eurved ; cilia dark brown. Hind wing with slight discoidal striga ; a faint line from beyond lower angle of cell to inner margin ; an obliquely eurved line from costa beyond middle to termen at sub- median fold ; cilia reddish at base, followed by a black line and white tips ; the underside whitish. Hab. Jamaica, Runaway Bay [Walsingham), 1 type. Exp. 12 mm. Genus Lasiogyia, nov. Palpi porrect, straight, the second joint about twice length of head and fringed with hair above, the third about length of head ; frons with pointed conical prominence ; antennae minutely ciliated ; fore femora and tibiae of male fringed with rough hair above, the first tarsal joint very long and the joints fringed with very long hair on both sides; abdo- men long, with slight lateral expansion towards extremity. Fore wing with vein 3 from close to angle of cell ; 4, 5 from angle ; 7 straight and well separated from 8, 9, 10. Hind wing with the cell short ; vein 3 from close to angle ; 4, 5 somewhat approximated for a short distance ; 6, 7 from upper angle, 7 anastomosing with 8. (1.) Lasiogyia xanthozonata, sp. n. S . Head and thorax orange-fulvous, with patches of pale yellow on head, tegulse, patagia, and metathorax ; fore legs 8 Sir G. F. Ilampson on new Pyralulse ■with the tufts brown ; abdomen orange, 'v\dth pale yellow dorsal band on first segment and segmental white lines on the others. Fore wing fuscous, bceoming fulvous at margins ; a yellow spot at base; a broad yellow medial band with waved edges, contracting somewhat below the cell. Hind wing fuscous, the inner area yellowish; a medial yellow band, with two small teeth on its outer edge beyond lower angle of cell ; cilia fulvous. Hub. N. Guinea, Fergusson I. [Meek). Exp. 22 mm. Type in Coll, llothschild. (3 o.) Stenia desertalis, sp. n. $ . Ilead and thorax ochreous tinged with brown ; palpi rufous, wdiite below ; antennae ringed ~ brown and white ; abdomen white. Fore wing ochreous white irrorated with brown and faintly tinged with rufous towards costa ; a dark diffused antemedial line, oblique from costa to below cell and obsolescent towards costa; a slight dark discoidal lunnle; post- medial line rather diffused, obliquely excurved from costa to below angle of cell, then erect ; a slight dark terminal line ; cilia white, with faint dark lines at middle and tips. Hind wing white, wdth traces of postmedial line towards costa and slight terminal line ; the underside with slight dark spot at upper angle of cell and diffused postmedial line from costa to vein 5, then slight and excurved to vein 2. Hub. Cape Colony, Zuurberg [Bair stow), 1 ? type. Exp. 24j mm. [7 a.) Stenia costalis, sp. n. JjlepharomastLv colubralis, Druce, Biol. Centr.-Am,, Het, ii. p. 2G8 (part.), iiec Guen. Wliite ; palpi and vertex of head fuscous ; patagia with fuscous spots ; abdomen dorsally suffused wdth fuscous except towards base, leaving white segmental rings. Fore wing with the costal area fuscous brown; a dark antemedial line obsolescent towards inner margin ; a point in middle of cell and discoidal lunule ; the postmedial line bent outw^ards between veins 5 and 2, then retracted to below end of cell and sinuous to inner margin ; a terminal series of dark points. Hind wing with fuscous discoidal spot ; the postmedial line bent outwards between veins 5 and 4, then retracted to below end of cell and ending at tornus, obsolescent except towards costa; a terminal series of points. Hab. Guatemala, Vera Paz 2 S type; Costa Bica, Irazu [Rogers), 2 S > Goduian-Salvin Coil. ; Colombia, R. Dagua [Rosenberg) . Exp. 26 mm. of the Subfamily Ilydrocamplnce. (7 b.) Stenia semifascalis , sp. n. "White ; liead, front of thorax, and abdomen dorsally fuscons except at base. Fore wing with the costal half fuscous, expanding on terminal area to tornus ; a dark antemedial line, obsolete towards inner margin ; a point in cell and discoidal lunule ; a line from vein 2 below end of cell to inner margin; a nearly straight line from costa beyond middle to tornus ; a fine pale line at base of cilia. Hind wing with discoidal point ; a fine postmedial line bent out- wards between veins 5 and 2, then retracted to below end of cell and obsolescent ; the apex tinged with fuscous. Hab. Ecuador, Cachabe [Rosenberg) , 1 1 ? ; Paramba [Rosenberg) , 1 S type. Exp. 22-26 mm. (7 c.) Stenia interruptalis , sp. n. $ . Head, thorax, and abdomen white tinged with brown ; palpi black above, white below. Fore wung white, the costal area suffused wdth fuscous brown, at base extending to median nervure ; the apical area broadly fuscous brown down to vein 3, the white extending to termen between vein 3 and submedian fold, the tornal area fuscous broAvn to near post- medial line ; an indistinct erect brown antemedial line ; a small brown annulus in middle of cell; a brown discoidal lunule with white centre ; postmedial line slightly waved, erect from costa to vein 5, bent outwards between veins 5 and 2, then retracted to lower angle of cell and erect to inner margin ; a terminal series of blackish points ; cilia wEite, tinged with fuscous brown at tips. Hind wing white ; a slight discoidal dark lunule with white centre ; a slight dark postmedial line, erect from costa to vein 5, excurved and obsolescent between veins 5 and 2, then retracted to lower angle of cell and oblique to tornus ; a large apical fuscous- brown patch ; a slight dark mark on termen at submedian fold. Hab. Ecuador, Chimbo, 1 $ type. Exp. 20 mm. (7 d.) Stenia fuscilunalis, sp. n. Blepharomastiv colubralis, Druce, Biol. Centr.-Am., Het. ii. p. 268 (part.) nec Guen. S . Head, thorax, and abdomen white suffused with browm ; palpi black above, white below ; pectus, legs, and ventral surface of abdomen white. Fore wing white ; the costal area suffused with fuscous browu ; the apical area Sir G. F. Hampson on new Pyralidse suffused with fuscous brown to vein 4 ; a slight erect ante- medial line; a dark point in middle of cell and small dark discoidal lunule ; postmedial line minutely waved^ ereet from costa to vein o, bent outwards between veins 5 and 2, retracted and obsolescent to lower angle of cell, then erect to inner margin ; a terminal series of dark points ; cilia brownish white, with a dark line near base. Hind wing white; a slight dark discoidal lunule, with an oblique line from it to tornus ; postmedial line erect from costa to vein 5, then bent outwards and oblique to termen at submedian fold ; the apex slightly suffused with brown, a dark line on termen, and slight brown line through cilia towards apex. $ . Fore wing with the terminal points more distinct ; hind wing with the apex not suffused with brown and with punctiform terminal line from apex to vein 2. Hab. Guatemala, Vera Paz {Champion'), 1 $ ; Costa Rica, Irazu [Rogers), 1 S Cache [Rogers), 1 R. Sucio [Rogers), 1 Panama, Chiriqui [Champion), 2 $ . Godman-Salvin Coll. Exp., 24, $ 20 mm. (7 e.) Stenia irroratalis, sp. n. J . Head, thorax, and abdomen whitish suffused with brown; palpi blackish, white below; genital tufts ochreous white. Fore wing whitish tinged and irrorated with yellow- browm, the costal area and terminal area to vein 3 suffused with brown ; traces of a dark antemedial line ; a slight dark discoidal lunule ; a faint, dai’k, postmedial, minutely waved line, erect from costa to vein 5, bent outwards to vein 2, then retracted and almost obsolete to lower angle of cell and erect to inner margin ; a terminal series of slight dark points ; cilia ochreous white, with a slight brown line through them. Hind wing tinged with ochreous ; a faint dark discoidal lunule ; traces of a postmedial line erect from costa to vein 5, bent outwards to vein 2, retracted to lower angle of cell and oblique to tornus ; some slight dark points on termen towards apex. Hab. Guatemala, Cerro Zunil [Champion), 3 type, Godman-Salvin Coll. ; Brazil, Rio Janeiro, 1 c^. Exp. 26 mm. (8 a.) Stenia biannulalis, sp. n. $ . Head, thorax, and fore w ing white slightly tinged with pale red-brown ; palpi black above ; fore tibiae and tarsi tinged with fuscous. Fore wing white ; the costal edge pale reddish brown ; a diffused subbasal reddish-brown line from of the Suhfaniilij Ily Jrocampinse. costa to submedian fold ; aiitemedial line reddish brown, rather diflused, obliquely curved ; an annulus in middle of cell defined by rather diflused reddish brown and a similar elliptical discoidal annulus ; postmedial line reddish brown, diffused, with small black spot at costa, incurved from costa to vein 2 near termen, then retracted to lower angle of cell and rather outwardly oblique to inner margin ; a diffused red-brown terminal band except at apex and tornus ; a dark striga on termen from apex, followed by a series of slight points ; cilia white, brownish at tips. Hind wing white ; a diffused pale reddish-brown aiitemedial line; a diffused pale reddish-browm postmedial line excurved between veins 5 and 2 and ending on termen above tornus ; a diffused pale reddish-brown band just before termen from apex to vein 2 ; cilia white faintly tinged with red-browm except tow^ards tornus ; the underside with rather quadrate discoidal annulus. Hab. Brazil, Amazons, Pebas, 1 type. Exp. 20 mm. (8 5.) Stenia aphenice^ sp. n. Lederia lilienice, Druce, Biol. Centr.-Am., Het. ii. p. 249 (nec Cram,). . Head and thorax purplish fuscous ; antennse yellowish white with some dark points on shaft ; abdomen purplish fuscous, the medial segments and ventral surface ringed with white ; anal tuft yellowish ; wings white. Pore wing with purplish-fuscous costal fascia ; an inwardly oblique straight antemedial band ; both wings with outwardly oblique medial and postmedial bands terminating before and above tornus ; a terminal band expanding towards apex. Hab. Mexico, Vera Cruz (^Schaus), 1 ^ type. Exp. 24 mm. (8 c.) Stenia mallaleuca, sp. n. <^. Pure white. Pore wing with some dark points on costa ; the lines pale yellow-brown, the antemedial curved, the postmedial excurved between veins 5 and 2, then retracted to below end of cell ; traces of a discoidal spot. Hind wing with indistinct discoidal spot ; the postmedial line excurved between veins 5 and 2, then retracted to below end of cell. Hab. Brazil, Castro Paraha, 1 ^ type ; Sao Paulo. Exp. 22-26 mm. 1 Z Sir G. F. llampson on new Pjrali'Ise (10«.) Stenia 2>haofipilalis^ sp. ti. Head and tliorax brownish grey; pectns white in front; fore legs except tarsi fuscous ; abdomen grey. Fore wing brownish grey irroratcd with a few black scales ; a very ol)lique punctiform black antemcdial line ; a slight blackish s[)ot in middle of cell and another at upper angle; post- medial line black, rather punctiform, excurved from costa to vein 3, then strongly incurved, and with blackish patch from it to tornus below vein 2; a terminal series of slight black points. Hind wing semihyaline whitish tinged with brown, the termen slightly browner except towards tornus. Hab. Bii. E. Africa, Teita [F. J. Jackson), 2 ^ type. Eap. 14 mm. (3 «.) Piletocera albipictalis , sp. n. Antenme of male with a tuft of hair at one third, followed by a ridge of hair, then a tuft at two thirds, followed by a sinus ; fore wing with the basal half of costa lobed ; hind wing with the termen excised below vein 3 and produced to a rounded lobe at vein 1, the tornus truncate ; fore femora with tuft of hair at extremity. . Head black-brown, the vertex pure white; antennse whitish, with the tufts at one third and two thirds blackish ; thorax white, the outer edge of tegulse and patagia and the tips of patagia dark brown, the dorsum of thorax tinged with brown ; pectus and legs black-brown, the hind tarsi white ; abdomen black-brown, the first three segments with wdiite dorsal bands, the tw^o terminal segments with white dorsal spots, the ventral surface white, the genital tufts ochreous. Fore wing black-brown, the cell and basal half of inner area pure white, confluent with a triangular patch between veins 5 and 2 extending to postmedial line ; a black point in middle of cell and quadrate spot in end of cell, with its lower edge indented by wdiite ; a browm striga on vein 1 « at inner margin; postmedial line defined by wdiite on outer side, somewdiat excurved below costa, slightly bent outw^ards betw een veins 5 and 2, then retracted to near base of vein 2, oblique and sinuous to middle of inner margin ; a white point on termen above tornus ; cilia white at tips towards tornus. Hind wdng blaek-browm ; some ‘whitish at base of inner area ; a pale, oblique, minutely waved medial line, obsolescent on costal half, whitish on inner half; an irregu- larly quadrate white patch on terminal area between veins 5 and 2, leaving a dark terminal line ; cilia white from of the Suhfamily Ilyclrocainpina?. \3 vein 3 to the lobe ; tlie underside with maculate wliite medial band from costa to vein 2. Hab. Solomons^ Bougainville I. {Meek)^ 2 S type- Exp. 26 mm. (3 b.) Piletocera slyyialis^ sp. n. Antennae of male with a tuft of hair at one thirds followed by a ridge of hair, then another tuft, followed by a sinus ; fore femora with tuft of hair at extremity; fore wdug with the basal half of costa lobed. . Head, thorax, and abdomen black-brown ; antennae with the tuft at two thirds of shaft white, the shaft beyond it white above; tarsi with slight pale rings ; abdomen with the terminal segment ochreous below, the genital tufts ochreous white ; wings black-brown. Fore wing with very indistinct pale postmedial line, slightly excurved below costa, bent outwards between veins 5 and 2, then retracted towards lower angle of cell and again slightly excurved. Hind Aving with very indistinct pale postmedial line, slightly excurved beloAV costa, bent outwards between veins 5 and 2, then retracted to near lower angle of cell and oblique to tornus. Hab. Solomons, Choiseul I. {Meek), 1 J type; Guadal- canar I. {Meek), 1 ; Kulambangra I. {Meek), 1 . Exp. 24 mm. (4 a.) Piletocera dentico stalls, sp. n. Fore wing with tufts of hair on inner area below pro- jecting over hind wing. $ . Head whitish ; palpi with the extremity of second joint and the third joint brown ; antennae brown to beyond the tufts ; thorax cupreous brown ; pectus and legs white, fore legs with the tuft of scales at extremity of femora black. Fore wing cupreous brown ; a small whitish spot in middle of cell, with others below it above and below vein 1 ; a whitish discoidal lunule ; postmedial line with whitish bars at costa and inner margin, excurved and obsolescent between those points. Hind wing cupreous brown ; a dark post- medial line defined by whitish on outer side, nearly straight from costa to termen at vein 2, then retracted to lower angle of cell and oblique to tornus ; the underside with the basal area whitish, an indistinct discoidal annulus. Hab. Solomons, Gizo I. {Meek), 1 ^ type. Exp. 20 mm. Sir G. F. Ilampson on new Pyrali Jai (4 b.) Piletocera infernalis, sp. n. Fore win" with tufts of hair on inner area below projeeting over hind wing. (^ . Uniform black-brown. Hah. Solomons^ Kulambangra I. [Meek), 2 type. Exp. 22 ram. Subsp. 1. — Palpi at sides_, except third joint, and outer side of fore legs whitish. Hah. Solomons, Guadalcanar I. [Meek), 1 Exp. 18 ram. (14 a.) Piletocera microdontalis, sp. n. $ . Head, thorax, and abdomen cupreous brown ; palpi in front, pectus, legs, and ventral surface of abdomen whitish. Fore wing cupreous brown ; traces of a dark antemedial line ; a white bar across cell before the dark discoidal lunule with whitish centre ; subtermirial line white, somewhat puncti- form, arising from costa towards apex nearly straight from costa to vein 2 near termen, except that it is toothed outwards at vein 5, retracted at vein 2 and almost obsolete except for a small whitish spot in submedian interspace ; cilia whitish just below vein 2. Hind wing cupreous brown ; postmedial line pale, arising from costa towards apex, sinuous to termen at vein 2 and toothed outwards below vein 5, below vein 2 retracted to lower angle of cell and almost obsolete, then again whitish and oblique to tornus ; cilia with a fine white line at base ; the underside with faint dark spot in middle of cell and discoidal annulus. Hah. Woodlark I. [Meek), 1 $ type. Exp. 18 mm. (15 a.) Piletocera hadesialis, sp. n. ^ . Black ; pectus and ventral surface of abdomen yellowish white. Fore wing with traces of a dark antemedial line ; an ochreous point in middle of cell and discoidal somewhat 8-shaped spot. Hind wing with traces of dark discoidal spot and postmedial line retracted at vein 3 to angle of cell. ? . Fore wing with the discoidal spot larger and with traces of a dark postmedial line on its outer edge, retracted below it. Hah. Penang [Curtis). Exp. 16 mm. Type in Coll. Rothschild. of the Siihfamily ITy(liocamj)lria3. V (32«.) Piletocera phaeocraspedalis, sp. ii. $ . Head and thorax orange-yellow tinj^ed with brown ; abdomen yellow, dorsally sulfiised with brown exeept at base, the ventral surface whitish. Fore wing orange-yellow, the terminal area broadly fuscous ; the costa brown ; two small brown spots in cell near base; a round spot in end of cell with a short streak below it ; a yellow discoidal lunule defined by brown ; postmedial line dark brown, somewhat dentate, expanding slightly to costa, oblique to vein 7, angled inwards in discal fold, then excurved to the dark terminal area, at vein 2 retracted towards lower angle of cell, then slightly excurved again ; a yellowish mark on termen at vein 2; cilia dark brown, whitish above tornus. Hind wing orange-yellow, the terminal area broadly fuscous; a dark discoidal spot with oblique line from it to above tornus ; a dark postmedial spot below costa with traces of the post- medial line from it excurved between veins 5 and 2 ; some yellow on termen at vein 2; cilia fuscous, whitish at sub- median interspace ; the underside with discoidal annulus defined by brown. Hab. Solomons, Choiseul I. [Meek), 1 $ type. Exp. 18 mm. (34 a.) Piletocera rotundalis, sp. n. Very dark brown; palpi at base, pectus, legs, and ventral surface of abdomen whitish. Fore wing short and broad, the apex rounded ; a dark-edged annulus at middle of cell and discoidal lunule with whitish spot between them ; traces of an antemedial line ; a minutely dentate postmedial line defined by pale brown on outer side, excurved between veins 5 and 2, then retracted to lower angle of cell. Hind wing with traces of ante- and postmedial lines. Underside of fore wing with fascia of black scales in and beyond upper angle of cell and whitish patch beyond the cell. Hab. Bali [Doherty), 2 $ type. Exp. 16 mm. Subsp. 1. — Fore wing more uniform dark brown, the markings obscured; the white spot reduced to a point; underside without the fascia of black scales, a small white spot beyond cell. Hab. Talaut [Doherty), 1 Woodlark I. [Meek),^^-, St. Aignan [Meek), 1 Sir G. F. Ilampson oyi upao PyralidaB (37 «.) Piletocera micralis, sp. n. Antennse of male laminate ; hind wing with the termen excurved at middle and excised below apex and towards tornus. S . Pale yellow ; fore tibise with black band at extremity ; abdomen with black dorsal line before anal tuft. Fore wing with black points at base on costa and below cell ; an ill-defined fuscous subbasal line ; aiitemedial line excurved from median ncrvure to inner margin ; a small dark spot in middle of cell and discoidal lunule defined by fuscous^ with small blackish spot above it on costa ; two black points on postmedial part of costa, the postraedial line arising from the outer point, excurved below vein 5 and ending at tornus, towards which it is somewdiat diffused ; a rather strong black terminal line ; cilia whitish with blackish tips. Hind wing with slight dark discoidal spot, with sinuous line from it to inner margin ; postmedial line sinuous, excurved below vein 5 and ending at tornus ; a rather strong blackish terminal line from apex to vein 2 ; cilia whitish, fuscous at tips on apical half. Hab. PoRNEo, Kuching {Shelford), 1 J' type. Exp. 8 mm. (37 h.) Piletocera cumulalis, sp. n. Antennse of male laminate and without tufts ; fore wing normal. $ . Head, thorax, and abdomen pale yellow, slightly irro- rated with fuscous ; palpi with black bars at extremity of first and second segments ; abdomen tinged with orange at extremity and with subdorsal black spots on terminal segment ; pectus, legs, and ventral surface of abdomen whitish, the fore tibise with fuscous band at extremity. Fore wing pale yellow sparsely irrorated with black and with slight blackish suffusion on terminal area below apex ; a black subbasal line, slightly angled inwards in cell, then oblique and somewhat maculate ; antemedial line oblique from costa to just below median nervure, then erect ; a small, rather indistinct, dark annulus in middle of cell ; a discoidal lunule with yellow centre ; postmedial line incurved from costa to vein 4y then erect to vein 2, then retracted to lower angle of cell and oblique to above inner margin ; a terminal series of small black spots from costa to vein 4 and a spot above tornus; cilia fuscous at tips. Hind wing pale yellow with fuscous suffusion between lower angle of cell and tornus of the Subfamily llydrocamplnio. atul beyond the postmcdiiil line below eosta ; a small Ijlaek diseoidal spot and line t‘roin lower atiirle of eell to inner margin near tornus ; postrnedial line bent outwards at vein 5 and again at vein 2, ending at tornus ; a black ter- minal line from apex to vein 3 and towards tornus ; eilia blaekish at tips. Hub. Borneo, Kueliing {Shelford), 1 type. Erp. IG mm. (38 fl.) Piletocera ranalis, sp. n. (d' . Head and thorax fulvous yellow slightly tinged with brown ; abdomen pale fulvous yellow, the anal tuft blackish. Fore wing fulvous yellow slightly tinged with brown, the basal costal area rather darker ; a curved, slightly waved dark antemedial line; a black diseoidal spot; postrnedial line black, slightly angled outwards below costa and inwards in discal fold, then excurved, at vein 2 retracted towards lower angle of cell and again slightly angled outwards at vein 1 ; a series of small black spots just before termen; a fine terminal fuscous line ; cilia whitish. Hind wing fulvous yellow slightly tinged with brown; a small oblique blackish diseoidal spot ; postrnedial line blackish, excurved below costa, angled inwards in discal fold, then excurved, at vein 2 retracted to lower angle of cell, then oblique to inner margin ; a series of small black spots just before termen ; a tine fuscous terminal line ; cilia whitish. $ much more suffused with fuscous ; the antemedial line of fore wing on inner side and the postrnedial line of both wings on outer side defined by ochreous. Hab. Brazil, Lr. Amazons, Breves {Austen), 3 3^, 3 $ type ; Parana de Buyassu, 1 1 ? . Exp., ^ 16, ? 20 mm. (38 b.) Piletocera albicilialis, sp. n. $ . Head, thorax, and abdomen browm mixed with yellow ; pal[)i brown, white below; pectus, legs, and ventral surface of abdomen whitish ; fore tibiae with fuscous band at extre- mity. Fore wing yellowish almost wholly suffused with brown, leaving the medial part of costa yellow ; an indistinct dark antemedial line, oblique from costa to median nervure, then erect; an indistinct dark diseoidal annulus; two blackish semicircular marks on costa just beyond middle; postrnedial line indistinct, dark slightly defined by yellowish on outer side, minutely dentate, erect from costa to vein 2, then retracted to lower angle of cell and slightly excurved at Ann. Sf Mag. N. Hist. Ser. 7. Vol. xix. 2 •fs Sir G. F. Hampson on new Pyralidse vein 1 ; a terminal series of small black spots ; cilia yellow at base followed by a black line, the tips white slightly inter- sected with fuscous. Hind wing yellowish almost wholly suffused with brown ; a faint dark postmedial line slightly defined by whitish on outer side, nearly straight from costa to vein 2, then retracted to lower angle of cell and oblique to inner margin; a fine black terminal line ; cilia yellow at base followed by a black line, the tips pure white. Hab. Brazil, Lr. Amazons, Parana de Buyassu {Austen)^ 1 ? type. Exp. 20 mm. (38 c.) Piletocera rufulalis, sp. n. Fore wing of male with no fovea in cell. ^ . Pale rufous ; fore tibiae with black band at extremity ; tarsi whitish with fuscous bands ; abdomen with black dorsal line before anal tuft ; wings slightly irrorated with fuscous. Fore wing with subbasal blackish points on costa and in ceil ; antemedial line blackish, oblique from costa to submedian fold ; a blackish spot in middle of cell and discoidal lunule ; three small black annuli on postmedial part of costa, the postmedial line arising from the outermost, excurved between veins 5 and 2 along which it is retracted, then again excurved ; a terminal series of small black spots ; cilia with series of slight fuscous spots at tips. Hind wing with small blackish discoidal spot ; postmedial line bent outwards between veins 5 and 2, then retracted to below end of cell and oblique to tornus ; a terminal series of small blackish spots ; cilia with series of slight fuscous spots at tips. Hab. Sierra Leone [Clements), 2 ^ type. Exp. 20 mm. (38 d.) Piletocera fidvalis, sp. n. $ . Head, thorax, and abdomen fulvous yellow ; palpi fuscous above, white below ; pectus, legs, and ventral surface of abdomen whitish, the fore tibiae with fuscous band at extremity. Fore wing fulvous yellow ; the costal edge fuscous ; antemedial line indistinct, oblique, slightly angled just below median nervure ; a small rather ill-defined ocellus in middle of cell ; a discoidal lunule with yellow centre ; postmedial line expanding into a small black spot at costa, incurved to vein 5, then excurved to termen at vein 2, then almost obsolete and retracted to just below lower angle of cell and again distinct and slightly excurved ; a maculate terminal line from below apex to vein 2 ; cilia with a slight fuscous line at middle. Hind wing fulvous yellow ; a small of the Subfamily llydi’ocamplnai. fuscous discoidal spot ; postmedial line fuscous, cxcurvcd from vein 5 to termcu at vein 2, then almost obsolete and retracted to just below lower angle of cell and again distinct and oblique to inner margin ; a maculate blackish terminal line ; cilia with a slight fuscous line at middle. Hab. Bii. Guiana, Potaro 11. [Kaye), 1 ? type. Exp. 18 mm. Genus Neogenesis, nov. Palpi porrect, triangularly scaled, downcurved at extremity and extending about twice the length of head ; maxillary jialpi with pointetl tuft at extremity ; frons flat and oblique ; antennse annulate; tibiie with the spurs long and nearly even ; abdomen very long and slender. Fore wing of male with the costa strongly arched and fringed with short hair, the apex rounded and truncate; a fringe of very long hair on inner area below ; vein 3 from well before angle of cell ; 4, 5 stalked; 7 straight and well separated from 8, with w'hich 9, 10, 11 are coincident; female with vein 9 absent, 10, 11 stalked with 8. Hind wing with vein 3 from before angle of cell ; 4, 5 stalked ; 6, 7 stalked, 7 anastomosing with 8. A development from Clupeosoma. (1.) Neogenesis flaviplagialis, sp. n. Pale rufous ; palpi dark below ; throat pure white ; fore tibiae banded with fuscous and white ; abdomen ringed with white; wings semihyaline. Fore wing with indistinct den- tate subterminal line defined by pale yellow on inner side, most strongly towards inner margin, towards which it is bent inwards, the area beyond it pink ; termen yellow with series of black points. Hind wing suffused with pink except costal area ; a dentate postmedial line with large yellow patch on its inner side between veins 6 and 2, the termen and cilia yellow with series of black points. Hab. Br. N. Guinea, Moroka [An'hony], 1 1 ? type, Milne Bay [Meek), I . Exp,, c? 2f, ? 22 mm. (4 a.) Clupeosoma laniferalis, sp. n. ^ . Fore wing with a fold the whole length of submedian interspace containing a fringe of long hair on upperside ; a large patch on upperside beyond the cell clothed witli rough hair directed towards the centre. 2^ Sir G. F. Ilampson on new Pyralidae Head, thorax, and abdomen rufous ; throat, greater part o£ tibiae, the tarsi, and segmental rings on abdomen wliite. Fore wing rufous, the costal area towards apex and termen pink; tlie cilia yellow. Hind wing pale rufous; a pink patch in and below end of cell followed by a large yellow lunulatc patch, the area beyond it black down to vein 2 ; cilia yellow. Hah. Louisiades, St. Aignan [Meek). Exp, 14 mm. Type in Coll. Rothschild. ScOFAHIAN^. (3.) Microglossa JIavidaHs, sp. n. . Head, thorax, and abdomen yellowish suffused with fuscous; third joint of palpi and basal joint of antennse blackish ; legs whitish, the fore tibiae and the tarsi banded with blackish ; abdomen with the anal tuft rufous. Fore wing yellowish irrorated with fuscous; a black subbasal line emitting short streaks below cell and on inner margin; two blaek antemedial spots on costa, a slight mark in cell and a band from cell to inner margin expanding into a patch below median nervure, a black point beyond it in cell ; a rather quadrate black discoid al spot ; two small black postmedial spots on costa, then a yellowish line defined on each side by blackish, excurved from below costa to vein 4, then incurved to below angle of cell and slightly waved to inner margin ; terminal area rather more suffused with black, with diffused yellowish marks below apex and at middle; cilia yellowish intersected with fuscous at base, whitish at tips. Hind wing whitish slightly tinged with brown. Hah. W. China, Chang-Yang [Pratt) ^ 1 ^ type. Exp. 14 mm. (3.) Eclipsiodes cuprealis, sp. n. . Head and thorax dark cupreous brown ; palpi whitish below at base; tarsi with slight whitish rings; abdomen cupreous brown with a greyish tinge, the anal tuft with some whitish hairs below. Fore wing dark cupreous brown with slight dark irroration ; a faint diffused dark discoidal spot ; traces of a dark postmedial liiie excurved from costa to vein 4, then oblique ; a faint dark terminal line. Hind wing cupreous brown with a greyish tinge, the cilia whitish at tips. Hah. Victoria, Gisborne [Lyell), 1 c^type. Exp. 24 mm. of the Suhfamihj Scoparianai. 21 (4.) Eclipsiodes striatalis, sp. n. Ilcafl and thorax pale grey irrorated witli fuscous ; abdo- men l)rownisli, the basal segment dorsally orange, lore 'vving grey-white strongly irrorated with fuseous ; the veins streaked vvitli blaek ; a prominent black streak just below submedian fold with a whitish streak below it ; a similar streak in cell from before middle to extremity with a more prominent white streak below it ; a short streak beyond the cell connected by a diffused oblicpie streak wdth the apex ; a series of dentate marks on termen. Hind wing tinged with browm, especially towards apex ; cilia w bite with a brown line through them. Hab. W. Australia^ Sherlock R. {Clements), 2 J type. Ea:>j?. 24 mm. (84 a.) Scoparia rufitinctalis , sp. n. Head and thorax yellowdsh white ; sides of palpi and shoulders pale rufous ; fore legs tinged with rufous ; pectus, mid and hind legs, and abdomen white. Fo e wdng yellowish white rather sparsely irrorated with rufous ; a curved ante- medial rufous band diflPused on outer side and with slight dark streaks on it in and below cell ; a diflused rufous patch from middle of costa to lower angle of cell with black dis- coidal point on it ; an oblique rufous postmedial line, slightly excurved at middle and with darker point at costa, a broad band of rufous suffusion from just beyond it, constricted at middle ; the termen suffused with rufous, expanding some- what at discal fold and with obscure series of dark points on it; cilia yellowish white with a brown line near base. Hind wing white, faintly tinged with ochreous towards termen. Hab. U.S.A,, Washington Terr., 4 ^ , Calitornia, Shasta Co., Pit R. ( Walsingham), 7 cf 5 ^ ? type. Exp. 20 mm. (88 a.) Scoparia poliophcealis , sp. n. Head and thorax dark reddish brown mixed with some white scales; abdomen pale reddish brown; pectus, legs, and ventral surface of abdomen white, the fore t]bi^e and the tarsi banded wdth brown. Fore wing whitish thickly irrorated and suffused with reddish brown, the suffusion forming dark bands beyond the ante- and postmedial lines ; an indistinct rather diffused whitish subbasal line; antemedial line diffused, white, oblique from costa to vein 1, where ic is angled, then angled inwards above inner margin ; a slight dark spot 22 Sir G. F. Ilampson on new PyralIJa3 l)cyoTi(l it in cell ; a reniform cliscoidal stifjma incompletely (lefined by diffused dark brown, and with some greyish siiffnsion beyond it before the postmedial line, which is white defined on inner side by a rather punctiform brown line, slightly angled inwards above vein 6, then excurved to vein 4, and obli(pie to itiner margin ; a diffused whitish snbterminal line somewhat angled inwards at diseal and submedian folds; a series of small dark brown spots just before termen ; cilia whitish tinged with brown and with a series of brown strim near base. Hind wing greyish brown, the cilia white •with a brown line near base ; the underside greyer with traces of a curved postmedial line. Hah. SyiiiA, Lebanon [Pratt)^ 1 $ type. Exp. 2G- 30 mm. (90 c^.) Scoparia microdontalis, sp. n. Head and thorax mixed with fuseous and brown ; palpi dark brown at sides, the base and the maxillary palpi at tips white ; pectus and legs white, the fore tibiae and the tarsi banded with fuscous ; abdomen grey tinged with brown, the ventral surfaee white. Fore wing white tinged with brown and irrorated wdth black ; antemedial line indistinctly double filled in with white, oblique to’wards costa, angled outwards on median nervure and inwards in submedian fold, with short black streaks beyond it in cell and submedian fold; a slight dark patch on middle of eosta ; a rather X -shaped black discoidal spot ; postmedial line double filled in wdth white and with some dark suffusion beyond it, minutely dentate, excurved from costa to vein 5, then oblique ; a dark patch on middle of termen; a terminal series of small, some- what dentate black spots w ith white strise betw'een them ; cilia chequered pale brown and white with a dark line near base. Hind wing white tinged with brown. Hob. Japan, Hakodate [Andrews), 1 c^, 1 $, Kiushiu, 1 $ , Yokohama [Jonas), 1 ^ type. Exp. 16-22 mm. (105 a.) Scoparia isochroalis, sp. n. $ . Head, thorax, and abdomen pale reddish brown, the ventral surface paler ; fore tibiae and tarsi banded fuscous and white. Fore wing wdjitish almost wholly suffused with red-brown and irrorated with fuscous ; slight subbasal dark spots in cell and above inner margin ; antemedial line defined by whitish on inner side, oblique towards costa, slightly angled inwards in submedian fold, then excurved, a short 23 of the Subfamily Scopariana?. black streak beyond it in submedian fold ; some whitish in end of cell followed by two black discoidal bars with a black point beyond them; postmedial line indistinct, detined by whitish on outer side, oblique towards costa, cxcurved to vein 4, then inwardly oblique and minutely dentate, some darker brown suffusion beyond it on costal area; a series of short black streaks in interspaces of terminal area, the streak above vein 4 extendinj^ to postmedial line ; cilia whitish with a dark line near base. Hind wing whitish suffused with pale red-brown ; cilia ochreous white with a fine dark line near base. Hab. Japan, Hakodate {Andrews), 1 $ type. Exp. 18 mm. (107 a.) Scoparia met aleiic alls , sp. n. S . Head and thorax grey tinged with brown and fuscous, the palpi at base and tips of maxillary palpi white ; pectus and legs whitish, the tarsi ringed with fuscous ; abdomen ochreous white. Fore wing wdiite slightly tinged with ochreous and irrorated with dark brown ; short dark streaks from base in cell and above inner margin; a diffused dark curved antemedial line wuth dark spot beyond it in cell and suffusion from median nervure to inner margin ; a large diffused dark brown rounded discoidal patch with some dark suffusion above it on costa ; postmedial line whitish defined on inner side by a brown patch on costa, then by short streaks, and wdth browui suffusion beyond it on costal area and from vein 3 to inner margin, excurved from below costa to vein 4, then incurved ; the termen dark with a diffused patch at middle ; cilia white with a dark line near base. Hind wing pure w hite. Hah. W. China, Pu-tsu-fang, 1 $ type. Exp. 18 mm. (109 a.) Scoparia luteiisalis, sp. n. $ . Head and thorax oehreous yellow mixed with rufous ; abdomen ochreous white. Fore wing ochreous yellow ; a diffused reddish-brown streak below base of cell with some blackish scales on it and a slight streak above base of inner margin ; a diffused brown antemedial band, oblique from costa to submedian fold with a blackish streak from it in cell and two shorter streaks below the cell ; a diffused brown postmedial band with some blackish scales on it, oblique from costa to submedian fold, where it is angled inw^ards, and expanding into a discoidal spot; a diffused reddish-brown subterminal band, bent outwards to apex and with slight 24 Sir G. F. Ilampson on new Pjrallda?. (larl< streaks on it in the interspaees ; the termen tinged with reddish browni with a series of black points. Hind wing semiliyalinc wdiite faintly tinged with brown ; a slight brown terminal line and slight line through the cilia. Jlah. Azores [J. J. Walker), 1 ? type. E.xp. 22 mm. (Ill a.) Scoparia melanographa, sp. n. Scoparia slenota, Warr. Nov. Zool. xii. p. 447, nec Wlstn. ^ . Head and thorax black mixed wdth some grey-while; palpi white below at base; pectus whitish; legs whitish banded wntli fuscous ; abdomen black with white segmental lines, the ventral surface white with fuscous bands. Fore wing narrow, wdiite irrorated with black ; the base suffused with black, followed by a band formed of short diffused black streaks ; a diffused black antemedial line, rather angled inwards below cell, connected wdth an obscure diffused annulus from just below' costa to median nervure and with a patch of blackish suffusion beyond it on inner area ; a black streak on middle of costa connected by a bar with the rather X -shaped black discoidal spot, with a slight line from it to the black jiatch on tornal area; postmedial line black, strongest at costa, angled inwards at discal fold, then out- wards at vein 4 and oblique to the patch on tornal area ; a black patch from costa before apex to the triangular patch on middle of termen ; a black terminal line ; cilia grey with a black line near base, blind wing narrow', whitish tinged with fuscous especially towards termen ; a black terminal line ; cilia w hitish wdth a tine dark line near base. Hah. Azores, S. Jorges, 1200' [0. -Grant), 1 $ , Terceira, 2200' [O.-Grant), 1 S fyie. Exp. 14 mm. (124 «.) Scoparia albifusalis, sp. n. $ . Head, thorax, and abdomen fuscous ; palpi white at base; pectus and ventral surface of abdomen white; legs wdiite and fuscous. Fore wing fuscous sparsely irrorated with wdiite ; antemedial line white, oblique from costa to sub- median fold ; an ill-defined dark discoidal spot ; postmedial line white, obtusely angled at vein 6 ; large wdiite patches on termen at apex, discal and submedian folds connected by the white terminal line. Hind wing greyish fuscous w ith a fine pale line at base of cilia. Hub. Ceylon, Bogowantalawa, Maskeliya [Pole), 3 ? type. E.xp. 16 mm. On some new Species of Blattlclaa. 25 II. — On some new Species o/Blalti(la3 m the Oxford and Paris Museums. By II. Siielford, M.A., F.L.S. Subfam. Ectobinje. Genus Anaplectoidea, Shelf. Anaplectoidea Dohertyi, sji. n. $ . Clear testaceous, nitid. Head rufo-testaceous, antennae testaceous. Pronotum posteriorly truncated, exposing the scutellum, testaceous, lateral margins hyaline. T( gmina with fifteen costal veins; anterior ulnar with six branches, some of which are oblique, posterior ulnar simple ; anal vein strongly curved, well marked ; four axillary veins ; the part of the right tegmen overlapped by the left reticulated. Wings hyaline, suffused with a pale flavid tint, with ten costal veins incrassated at the apex ; medio-discal field crossed by eleven transverse veinlets ; ulnar vein curved upwards, with five branches, the medio-ulnar field only one third the breadth of the medio-discal field, first anal vein quadriramose ; apical area small, barely one fifth of total wing-length, its basal margin obtusely angled, its apex slightly emarginate, divided almost equally by a longitudinal vein. Supra-anal lamina produced, its apical margin straight ; subgenital lamina ample, semiorbicular ; cerci elongate, nine-jointed. Length of body 7 mm. ; length of tegmina 6 mm. Sangir [IV. Doherty) ; one example (Oxford Mus.). Genus Hololampra, Sauss. Hololampra minuta, sp. n. $ . Head rufo-castaneous, antennae fuscous with exception of first two basal joints, which are testaceous. Pronotum covering vertex of head, trapezoidal, the angles rounded, sides deflexed, posterior margin nearly straight ; all the margins testaceous, most broadly at posterior angles ; disk rufo-casta- neous, with a posterior transverse castaneous vitta which is notc hed anteriorly. Tegmina ovate, smooth, shining, hyaline- testaceous, extending as far as middle of fourth abdominal tergite, the veins testaceous; eight costal veins, the last three ramose, discoidal sectors oblique and few in number, anal vein not impressed. Wings scale-like. Abdomen testaceous above, banded with black, beneath black margined with 26 Mr. 11. Shelford on some testaceous, last segment and subgenital lamina rufo-casta- ucous ; supra-anal lamina short, trigonal, with a median impressed line; subgcnital lamina ample, semiorbicular, projecting beyond the supra anal lamina; cerci moderate, black. Legs rufo-testaeeous ; femora very sparsely armed, not more than two spines on the anterior and posterior margins of each. Total length 6 mm. ; length of tegmiiia 4 mm. Andrahoniana, South Madagascar [Ch. Alluaud, 1901) ; twm examples (Paris Museum). One of the smallest species of the genus. Subfam. Phyllobromin^e. Genus Isciinoptera, Burm. Ischnoptera Ridleyi, sp. n. S. Head ferruginous, a V-shaped darker mark between the antennal sockets ; antennae ferruginous, longer than the body. Pronotum rounded, posteriorly truncate, sides slightly deflexed, not covering vertex of head ; disk rufous, with two broad vittae, black in colour, not reaching the posterior margin, their outer margins sinuate, their inner margins straight. Tegmina ferruginous ; radial vein bifurcated at the middle ; sixteen costal veins ; discoidal area with eleven longitudinal sectors ; seven axillary veins. Wings hyaline, veins fuscous, the marginal field suffused wdth flavid ; radial vein bifurcated at the middle, mediastinal vein wfith five branches; fourteen costal veins ; median vein sinuate ; ulnar vein with fourteen branches, six of which go to the apex of the w'ing. Abdomen infuscated above, ferruginous below^ ; the seventh tergite notched in the middle of its posterior margin, the eighth very narrow ; the eighth sternite reduced to a pair of lateral lappets ; the supra-anal lamina quadrate, its posterior margin notched and produced on each side of the notch into tw o curved and slender processes ; the sub- genital lamina subquadrate, its posterior margin much thickened, forming two asymmetrical swellings wLich are grooved and furnished with numerous minute denticles ; styles absent. Front femora with the anterior border beneath armed throughout its length with long stout spines. Length of body 22 mm. ; length of tegmina 20 mm. Singapore [H. N. Ridley, March to May, 1906) ; one example (Oxford Museum). This species, like so many of its Oriental congeners, presents unusual modifications of those external parts which are 27 neto Species of Blattida3. related to reproduction. The form of tlie subgenital lamina in I. lUdleyi recalls that of Hemithyrsocera hisirio, Burrn. Ischnoptera per'pulchra, sp. n. ? . Head testaceous, antennae (mutilated) testaceous at base. Pronotum trapezoidal, posterior margin slightly pro- duced ; disk flavo-testaceous, encircled by a broad pcnannular ring of black, open on the anterior margin, lateral and poste- rior margins testaceous. Tegmina castaneous, margin testa- ceous ; eighteen costal veins ; radial vein bifurcated beyond the middle, the lower branch sending ramifications to the apex of the wing ; discoidal field with nine longitudinal sectors, the most internal of which are angled. Wings hyaline, veins fuscous, marginal field bordered with testa- ceous ; mediastinal vein with six branches, ten to twelve costal veins, radial vein bifurcated beyond the middle ; ulnar vein with seven branches, three of which run towards the dividing vein. Abdomen flavo-testaceous above, except at the apex, which is fuscous, testaceous below ; supra-aual lamina produced triangular, subgenital lamina ample. Legs testaceous ; front femora armed on the anterior margin beneath with strong spines throughout its length, the most basal the longest; formula of apical spines j-; front femora without a genicular spine, unless the most anterior apical spine is to be regarded as such. Length of body 12 mm. ; length of tegmina 14 mm. Macassar, Celebes {W. Doherty, 1896) ; one example (Oxford Museum). This species is rather a puzzling one ; the angulation of some of the discoidal sectors of the tegmina suggests the genera Fseudomops and Pseudothyrsocera, but this is a character that also crops up in Phyllodromia, and, taken by itself, is not of the greatest importance ; it is on account of the branching of the vena ulnaris alarum, so characteristic of Ischnoptera, that 1 have referred this species to that generic position. % Ischnoptera cavernicola, sp. n. S. Head castaneous, mouth-parts testaceous; antennae testaceous, one and a half times longer than the body. Pronotum rufo-castaneous, with lateral and posterior margins narrowly castaneous. Tegmina clear testaceous, radial vein bifurcated, twelve costal veins, six discoidal sectors. Wings hyaline, mediastinal vein with three branches, seven costal 28 Mr. H. Slielford on some vcins^ radial vein not bifurcated, ulnar vein sending three brandies to tlie dividing vein and three to the apex of the "vving. Abdomen rufo-tcstaccous, supra-anal lamina sliglitly jiroduccd, rounded ; subgenital lamina produced, narrow, with two stout styles; cerci elongate. Legs rufo-testa- ceous ; front femora with anterior margin beneath armed throughout its length with a series of short spines, the most distal the shortest; apical spines {, j- ; genicular spines 1, 1, 1. Length of body 10 mm. ; length of tegmina 9 5 mm. In cave at Bidi, Sarawak, Borneo {R. Shdford) ; one example (Oxford Museum). [No. 22.] The species, which can he readily recognized by the pale pronotum with dark margins, was found in some numbers in a large and quite dark cave in the limestone formation at Bidi, Sarawak ; it is somewhat remarkable that this cock- roach, a Stenopelmatid (? Dolichopoda) , and a species of crab [Potamon hidiense, Lanch.), which were all found in con- siderable numbers in the darkest part of the cave, show no reduction in size of the eyes ; one can only suppose that the caves have been peopled within quite recent times by these Arthropoda. The antennae of the Stenopelmatid are of great length, but this is not the case in Ischnoptera cavernicola. Genus Ellipsidium, Sauss. Ellipsidiwn castaneum, sp. n. $ . Head dark rufous, with a black spot between the antennal sockets ; antennae with the basal half strongly incrassated, black, the two basal joints rufous, apical half with a testaceous band occupying ten lower joints, the remaining joints fuscous. Disk of the pronotum rufo- testaceous, with a symmetrical black design, anterior and posterior margins pale testaceous, lateral margins hyaline. Tegmina castaneous, with the densely reticulated veins pale testaceous, the mediastinal field hyaline. Wings infuscated, veins flavid. Abdomen black beneath, sternites with white margins ; subgenital lamina with the apex slightly cleft ; cerci black, with castaneous legs. Legs castaneous, the coxae black, with white borders, the tarsi black. Total length 14 mm. ; length of tegmina 12'5 mm. ; pronotum 4x6 mm. Humboldt Bay, New Guinea {W. Doherty, 1896) ; one example (Oxford Museum). 29 new Species of Blattidae. Tin’s well-marked speeies somewhat extends the range of the genus, hitherto known only 1‘rom Australia. Genus Piroblatta, iiov. Differs from Chrastohlatta, Sauss. & Zehnt., by the less prominent vertex, by the shape of the pronotum, by the greater breadth of the tegrnina, and by the presence of a prominent triangular apical area in the wings. Head almost covered by the pronotum ; pronotum trape- zoidal, anterior margin truncate, sides deflexed, posterior margin slightly arcuate ; scutellum exposed ; tegmina longer than the body, discoidal sectors oblique. Wings with a large apical triangle, projecting beyond the anterior part of the wing ; ulnar vein bifurcate and sending also two to three branches to the dividing vein. Front femora unarmed beneath, mid and hind femora very sparsely armed on both borders beneath ; genicular spines present on all the femora. Supra-anal lamina in the male somewhat quadrately pro- duced, in the female triangularly produced. On a re-examination of the species described by me as Theganopteryx Bouvieri (Trans. Ent. Soc. 1906, p. 236) I have come to the conclusion that a new genus must be established for this and for the species described below. In general appearance both species are very like Theganopteryx, but the branching of the ulnar vein of the wings is sutFicient to place them close to the genus Chrastoblatta, from which, however, they may be distinguished by the points enumerated above. Both species are testaceous in colour and quite unlike the conspicuous Chrastoblatta dhnidiata, Sauss. & Zehnt., and C. tricolor, Sauss. & Zehnt. The females are shorter and a little broader than the males. Piroblatta Alluaudi, sp. n. . Head rufo-eastaneous ; maxillary palpi and antennae testaceous, the latter longer than the body ; pronotum rufo- testaceous, the lateral margins hyaline. Tegmina testaceous hyaline ; fifteen to sixteen costal veins, eight oblique discoidal sectors. Wings hyaline; veins fuscous, marginal field flavid ; fourteen to fifteen costal veins, their apices very slightly incrassated ; ulnar vein bifurcated and sending three branches to the dividing vein; first axillary vein quadri- ramose, triangular apical field large. Legs and cerci rufo- testaceous. Abdomen piceous ; supra-anal lamina trigonal, subgenital lamina semiorbicular ; the left style stout and curved, the right style minute. m Mr. K. fSlielibrd on some $ . Similar to the male, but shorter ; supra-anal lamina triangular ; sul)genital lamina ample. S . Length of body 7 mm. ; length of tegmina 8 mm. 2 . Length of body 7 mm. ; length of tegmina 7*5 mm. Diego Suarez, Madagascar (Alluaud, April 1896) ; eight examples (Paiis Museum). Piroblatta Boiivieri, Shelf. The(/anopteryx Bouvieri, Shelford, Trans. Ent. Soc. London, 1906, p. 266. The female has the pronotum less strongly marked with testaceous than the male; the supra-anal lamina is trigonal, the subgenital lamina ample and semiorbicular ; the tegmina measure 8 mm., as against 10‘8 mm. in the male, the body 8 mm., as against 9 5 mm. in the male. Genus Phyllodromia, Serv. Phyllodromia pictiirata, sp. n. A . Head testaceous, with castaneous markings, forming a symmetrical design. Pronotum transversely elliptical, lateral margins hyaline ; disk of the pronotum pale testaceous, with castaneous markings composed of irregular spots and two central longitudinal lines ; a few minute castaneous points in the hyaline margins. Tegmina hyaline testaceous, Avitli castaneous spots disposed along the veins, denser at two points in the marginal field, forming two indistinct maculae; an oblique castaneous fascia on the right tegmen extending from the middle of the anal field to the apical third of the radial vein ; mediastinal vein with two branches, radial vein not bifurcated, twelve costal veins ; anterior ulnar vein sending several branches to the sutural margin, posterior ulnar vein simple ; anal vein somewhat sinuate, its apex suddenly bent inwards. Wings hyaline; nine costal veins, the six basal clavately incrassated, the apical three ramose; ulnar vein with five branches. Abdomen infuscated above, testaceous, marbled with fuscous below ; supra-anal lamina short, transverse ; subgenital lamina ample, somewhat irre- gular, the left style larger than the right and curved (cerci mutilated) . Legs testaceous ; tibise banded wntli castaneous ; tarsi fuscous except the basal two thirds of the first joint; front femora not armed beneath ; mid and hind femora sparsely spined ; apical spines T, -}-, } ; no genicular spine on front femora. 31 new Species of BlattlJa3. Length of body 9 imn. ; leiigtli of tcgmiiia 10 mm.; pro- notum 2*2 x 4' 5 mm. Singapore, Botanic Gardens {II. N. Ridley) ; one example (Oxford Museum). The s[)ecies in the eharactcrs presented by the femora and supra-anal lamina resembles the Ectobinje, but the wing- structure is typically Phyllodromine. Pliijllodromia albovarieyata, sp. n. $ . Head dark eastaneous, with two diverging testaceous lines running from the vertex to the sides of the clypeus; clypeus rufo-testaceous ; palpi fusco-testaceous ; antennae testaceous at base, the rest fuscous. Pronotum trapezoidal, dark castaneous, with a narrow central line testaceous, lateral margins hyaline. Tegmiiia dark castaneous, paler towards the apex, mediastinal field and base of marginal field hyaline ; a transverse white fascia extending from the marginal field to the apex of the anal field, not meeting its fellow of the opposite side ; twelve costal veins, the apical four branched, discoidal sectors oblique. Wings infuscated, costal margin very narrowly flavid ; eleven costal veins, their apices iticras- sated ; ulnar vein 5-ramose, the branches joined by trans- verse venulse; a prominent apical triangle. Abdomen fuscous, with a fulvous patch on the disk below ; supra-anal lamina short, transverse ; subgenital lamina large, produced, its apex cleft ; cerci long, testaceous. Legs testaceous, front femora armed with several spines on the anterior margin beneath, the more distal being the shortest of the series ; mid femora strongly spined; hind femora sparsely spined, apical spines j-, \ ; no genicular spine on front femora. Length of body 6 2 mm. ; length of tegmina 7 mm. Fernando Po (L. Conradt, 1901) ; one example (Paris Museum) . Phyllodromia nimbata, sp. n. Testaceous. Head with a rufous band between the eyes and sometimes with a narrower band between the an- tennal sockets. Pronotum trapezoidal ; lateral margins hyaline ; disk testaceous, with rufous markings symmetri- cally disposed. Tegmina clear testaceous ; ten costal veins, five longitudinal discoidal sectors. Wings hyaline; medi- astinal vein with two branches ; eight to nine costal veins, their apices clavately incrassated ; ulnar vein with four branches. Abdomen infuscated above, testaceous below, with 32 Mr. R. Slielford on somo fuscous margins ; supra-anal lamina trigonal, slightly emar- ginatc ; suhgcnital lamina triangularly produced, with two styles; ccrci elongate, testaceous. Legs testaeeous ; front femoi'a armed on anterior margin beneath with a series ol: s])ines, the most distal short and serried ; apieal spines j-, j-, } ; all the femora with gcnieular spines. ?. Head entirely rufo-tcstaccous ; supra-anal lamina transverse ; suhgenital lamina ample, semiorbicular, posterior margin slightly but widely cmarginate. cf. Length of body 11 mm. 8*1 mm. Length of tegmina 10 mm. 9*8 mm. Knelling, Sarawak, Borneo; five examples (Oxford IMuseum). [No. 29.] Idle species is undoubtedly closely allied to Phyllodromm lityrifera^ StM, the type of which is now before me, but differs in the following points: — It is smaller; the head is not marked with three castaneous bands ; the coloration of the tegmina is difierent ; the wings are clear hyaline and their veins pale testaceous; the costal veins are more nume- rous; the supra-anal lamina is slightly more produced and its apex is emarginate ; the subgenital lamina is narrower. It is quite evident that de Saussure correctly identified P. liturijera, StM (Mel. Orthopt. ii. p. 56, 1869), and his detailed description of the species is perfectly accurate in every point. Phyllodromia nebulosa, sp. n. ^ . Head testaceous ; four longitudinal lines on the vertex, three indistinct transverse bands on the face, castaneous. Pronotum trapezoidal, lateral margins hyaline, disk marbled with castaneous and testaceous. Tegmina clear testaceous, with numerous irregular castaneous markings occurring between the veins ; ten to eleven costal veins, five longitu- dinal discoidal sectors. Wings hyaline ; veins testaceous, mediastinal vein with two branches ; eight costal veins, their apices clavately incrassated ; ulnar vein with four branches. Abdomen infuscated ; supra-anal lamina triangular; sub- genital lamina ample, semiorbicular, v\ith two styles, the margin of the lamina emarginate at their points of insertion ; cerci long, testaceous, base and apex fuscous. Legs testa- ceous, the tibiae banded with fuscous ; armature of femora as in the preceding species. $ . All the castaneous markings on the head more distinct ; 33 neio Species of l^latti(U\3. snpra-anal lamina transverse, slightly emarginate ; subgenital lamina very large, its posterior margin slightly and asym- metrically emarginate. d. $. Total length 10 mm. 11 mm. Length of tegmina 9 mm. 8 mm. Kuching, Sarawak, Borneo ; three examples (Oxford Museum). [No. 30.] The small size of the species and the marbling of the tegmina with darker markings serve to distinguish it from any of the described Oriental forms ; its nearest ally appears to be P. ignohiliSy Wlk., from Sula Islands. Phyllodromia Hewittiy sp. n. c^. Fulvo-castaneous. Antennae equal to total length of body, fuscous except at base. Pronotum trapezoidal, smooth, shining, sides deflexed, not covering vertex of head, with obscure darker markings, posterior margin slightly produced. Tegmina with radial vein bifurcated, twenty-one costal veins, discoidal area with nine longitudinal sectors. Wings with marginal area somewhat coriaceous ; mediastinal vein with five branches, radial vein bifurcated from near base; twelve costals ; ulnar vein with three branches ; a prominent triangular apical area. Front femora with eleven long spines on anterior margin beneath, the more distal closely set together ; formula of apical spines -{ ; no genicular spine on front femora. Supra-anal lamina triangular ; sub- genital lamina produced, highly irregular in appearance ; no styles. Total length 21 mm. ; length of body 18 mm. ; length of tegmina 18 ram. Kuching, Sarawak. [No. 27.] This species, which I have pleasure in naming after Mr. J. Hewitt, Curator of the Sarawak Museum, has all the appearance of an Ischnopteray but the wing- venation is that of a typical Phyllodromia ; it is, perhaps, most nearly allied to P. ferrugineay Br. Phyllodromia (?) japonicay sp. n. $ . Rufo-castaneous, nitid, broad, short. Head with a darker mark between the eyes ; antennae longer than the body, fuscous except at base. Pronotum trapezoidal, sides deflexed, not quite covering vertex of head, posterior margin Ann. <&; Mag. N. Hist. Ser. 7. Vol. xix. 3 34 j\Ir. K. Sliclfoi’d on some very angled ; a sliort black line on each side in front. Tegmina not longer than abdomen ; radial vein bi- furcate; eleven costals ; seven axillaries ; discoidal sectors oblique. Wdiigs suffused Avith rufo-testaceous ; mediastinal vein with three branches, radial vein bifurcated ; eight costals; ulnar vein with three rami reaching apex of wing a id two irregular and anastomosing rami which are directed towards the apex of wing but do not reach it ; no apical triangle. Abdomen dark castaneous above and beneath, margined with paler ; supra-anal lamina triangular ; cerci moderate ; subgcnital lamina ample. Legs rufo-testaceous, all the femora strongly armed ; no genicular spine on front femora ; formula of apical spines j, { . Total length 15’2 mm. ; length of tegmina 12 mm.; pro- notum 5*5 x 7'9 mm. Kiou-Kiou, Oshima, Japan ; three examples (Paris Museum). This is a very puzzling species, and I include it in the genus Phyllodromia with considerable doubt ; in general appearance it approaches the Madagascar species of Allacta, but it certainly does not belong to that genus. The wing- venation is suggestive of the genus Ischnoptera, but does not strictly conform to that type nor to the wing-venation of Phyllodromia. Genus Pseudophyllodkomia, Br. Pseudophyllodromia elegans^ Shelf. $ . Head flavo-testaceous ; a rufous band on the vertex and between the eyes ; antennae fuscous except three basal joints, which are testaceous ; second and third joints of maxillary palpi black. Pronotum transversely elliptical, anteriorly truncate, posteriorly very slightly angulate ; lateral margins broadly, posterior margin narrowly hyaline testaceous ; disk dark castaneous, with four testaceous markings ; an anterior median line, stopping short before the middle of the disk ; two dots on each side of the middle line in the centre of the disk, a median posterior dot, in addition a rufescent marking on each side of the disk in front. Tegmina fusco-castaneous, marginal area and area between radial and anal vein testaceous hyaline ; twelve to thirteen costal veins, five discoidal sectors, five axillary veins. Abdomen fusco-castaneous above; supra-anal lamina short, trigonal ; abdomen beneath and legs flavo-testaceous ; sub- genital lamina ample, tipped with fuscous, its posterior margin cleft in the middle ; cerci moderate, testaceous. r\ero Species o f Blatticl.'c. 35 Total length 11*5 mm. ; length of body 9 mm. ; length of tegmina 9' 2 mm. Maroni, Freneh Guiana (F. Gemj, 1903) ; one example (Paris Museum). F. histrio, Sauss., appears to be the nearest ally of this speeies, which is ivcll marked by the dark tegmina with one liyalinc band. Genus Pseudectoiua^ Sauss. Pse.udectohia AUuaudi, sp, n. $ . Rufo-testaceous. Antennae and mouth-parts testa- ceous. Pronotum coA^ering vertex of head^ trapezoidal ; anterior margin truncate, posterior margin obtusely angled, lateral margins pellucid, with an opaque testaceous sub- marginal band bordered inw^ardly by a rufous suffusion. Tegmina convex, nitid, venation of anal and discoidal fields obsolete; anal vein deeply impressed, arcuate, reaching sutural margin at a point on one half of its length ; fifteen costals. Wings small, hyaline ; radial vein bifurcated near its apex ; twelve costal veins ; ulnar vein triramose ; apical triangle well defined, projecting beyond the anterior margin. Abdomen broad ; supra-anal lamina triangular ; subgenital lamina semiorbicular, projecting slightly beyond the supra- anal lamina. Front femora with eleven spines along the anterior margin beneath ; hind femora with four pairs of spines ; genicular spines and a pair of apical spines on each femur. Total length 10 mm. ; length of tegmina 7 mm.; pro- notum 3x5 mm. Diego Suarez, Madagascar {Alluaud, April 1896) ; one example (Paris Museum). De Saussure created this genus or subgenus for the recep- tion of the species Luneli, Sauss., liturifera, Stal, insularis, Sauss., regarding the apical triangle and branched ulnar vein of the wings of prime importance. As I have shown (Trans. Ent. Soc. London, p. 231, 1906), the presence of an apical triangle in the wings is a feature that appears in so many subfamilies of Blattidae, that, taken by itself, it is of small value for purposes of generic distinction. I do not believe that liturifera, Stal, and insularis, Sauss., are con- generic, and 1 have seen the types of both species ; Luneli, Sauss., is congeneric with liturifera, Stal, and I do not see how either species can be separated from the genus Phyllo- dromia ; insularis^ Sauss.^ is a broad convex insect, very ]\Ir. R. Slielford on some r,G (lifTcrent from the other two species, and may well be selected as the type of tlic genus, which can be distinguished by the following cliaractcrs : — Broad, convex insects ; the tegraina not projecting much beyond the tip of the abdomen, their venation sometimes obsolete in the anal and discoidal fields. Wings with an apical triangle, the ulnar vein ramose. Femora generally strongly armed. Supra-anal lamina variable, but usually produced. Type of the genus P. insulans, Sauss. The other species of the genus are P. hipunctata, Wlk., P. adimonialis, Wlk. ( = Lupparia adimonialis)^ possibly P. latipennis, Br. ( = Phyllodromia latipennis), and the new species described above. Of the species previously included in the genus, P. pallidula, Boh, and P. voeltzkowiana, Sauss. & Zehnt., have the supra-anal lamina produced, the abdomen is missing in P. Luneli, Sauss., and in P. intermedia, Sauss. & Zehnt. ; it is probable that the shape of this tergite is as variable as in the’ genus Phyllodromia, and too much reliance should not be placed on its transverse form in P. subpectinata, Sauss. & Zehnt., and P. antiguensis, Sauss. & Zehnt. In all these species the armature of the femora is most variable. They cannot be placed in the genus Theganoptery x on account of the ramose character of the vena ulnaris alarum {cf. Trans. Ent. Soc. p. 232, 1906), but the presence of a triangular apical area in the wings does not forbid their entry in the genus Phyllodromia, seeing that this character does occur in several well-marked and well-recognized species of that genus. P. punctulata , Sauss. & Zehnt., must be referred to the genus Theganoptery X, Subfam. Nyctiborin^. Nyctibora bicolor, sp. n. ? . Head entirely black, with a scanty erect pubescence on the front ; ocelli minute, testaceous ; antennae incrassated, black, apical joints rufescent, densely pubescent. Pronotnm transversely elliptical, anterior border not nearly covering vertex of head ; posterior border more arcuate than anterior, covering the scutellum; disk with tw^o converging impressions, flavo-testaceous, with a shield-shaped black mark on the disk, posterior margin with a fine black line. Tegmina coriaceous, serio-punctate and reticulate between the raised veins, not pubescent ; the basal three fifths flavo-testaceous, the apical two fifths dark castaneous; radial vein black throughout its new i,SjnH IMr. Iv. Slid ford on some S. Total Icngtli 24 rum.; Icngjtli of body 17‘5 mm.; Icii^’tli of tej^mina 20 mm. ; pronotum 4’2 mm. X 6 mm. ? . Total lenjijtli 27 mm. ; length of body 20*2 mm. ; length of tegmina 21 mm. ; pronotum 5 mm. x 8 mm. Colombia ; four examples (Oxford Museum). Subfam. Etilamfrinm. Genus Notolampra, Sauss. Notolmnpra antillarum, sp. n. cf . Castaneous. Head and antennae testaeeous, the former with a few seattered castaneous punetures. Pro- notum not punctate^ castaneous, the lateral borders broadly, the anterior margin narrowly, testaceous, semiopaque, with a few scattered fuscous or castaneous dots. Tegmina castaneous, the lateral borders testaceous, semiopaque with scattered castaneous dots, these borders are continuous with the pronotal testaceous borders and are broadest at the base, narrowing to the apex ; radial vein marked at its base by a dark line, no other veins visible ; surface of tegmina serio- punctate. Wings rufo-testaceous ; intercalated apical tri- angle small. Abdomen rufo-testaceous ; supra-anal lamina triangular, slightly notched ; subgenital lamina trigonal, somewhat asymmetrical with two styles; cerci short. Legs testaceous spotted with castaneous ; front femora with two spines only at base of anterior margin beneath, rest of anterior margin occupied by piliform setae, one spine on posterior margin ; mid and hind femora with two spines on anterior margin, four on posterior margin; formula of apical spines o ’ genicular spine on front femora. Total length 19 mm. ; length of tegmina 14 mm. ; pro- notum 6 mm. X 7*5 mm. Trinite, Martinique [A. Bourgouin, 1901) ; one example (Paris Museum). The species is most closely allied to Notolampra punctata, Sauss., from Brazil, but differs in the testaceous borders of the tegmina and in its proportions. Genus Apsidopis, Sauss. Apsidopis Waltacei, sp. n. $ . Pale testaceous. Frons concave and transversely striated ; a chevron-shaped depression at base of clypeus and two marks between the eyes castaneous ; antemue fuscous new Species of Blaf lid^e. oO except basal joint ; eyes 1 J mm. a[)art. Pronotum cuoiillate, of the form characteiistic of the gcnus^ punctate and with nnmcrons minute fuscous or castancous rnaculte. Tej^rnina semicoriaceous, densely serio-punctate between the veins in the basal two thirds, in the apical third the punctures merge into quadrangular interspaces between numerous reticulated interstitial veins, a few minute fuscous dots are scattered over the tegmina ; mediastinal vein with ten branches; seven ramose costal veins ; nine anal veins, the first ramose. Wings angulated at the apex as in the genus Derocar'dia, Sauss. ; marginal area testaceous with fuscous spotting at apex, the apex semicoriaceous; mediastinal vein multiran)ose ; costal veins irregular, the interspaces filled by reticulated interstitial veins ; ulnar vein with nineteen branches. Supra-anal lamina ample, prominent, bilobed ; subgenital lamina semiorbicular ; cerci slender and short. Front femora with five spines on middle of anterior margin beneath, piliforrn* setse extending from them to apex, two spines on posterior margin; mid and hind femora with three to four spines on each lower margin; formula of apical spines {, J; minute genicular spines on mid and hind femora, none on front femora ; posterior metatarsus shorter than remaining joints, its pulvillus produced proximally. Length of body 30 mm. ; length of tegmina 35 mm. ; pro- notum 11 mm. X 12*5 mm. Sarawak (Wallace; Wilson Saunders collection, Oxford Museum) . The species is close to A. oocyptera, Wlk., also from Borneo, which exhibits the same characters of punctuation of the tegmina; but A. oxyptera is smaller, more rufous in colour, the proportions of the pronotum are different and the pro- notum is less closely punctate, but more densely covered with castaneous dots. Both species can be distinguished from A. acutipenniSj Sauss., by their larger size. Subfam. Blattin^. Genus Blatta, L. Blatta Rothschildi, sp. n, S . Rufo-castaneous. Head with four darker markings between the eyes; ocelli and clypeus testaceous; antennae much longer than the body, first two joints and apical third rufo-castaneous, remainder fuscous. Pronotum trapezoidal ; anterior and posterior borders truncate, flavo-testaceous, a 40 ^Ir. K. Sliclford on some castaiicous marking like an inverted W on the disk, a central testaceous line. Tcgrnina abbreviated, not extending much beyond the second abdominal tergite, surface reticulate, anal vein reaching internal posterior angle of tegmina. Wings rudimentary. The first and second abdominal tergites flavo- testaeeous, third to fifth flavo-testaceous with castaneous lateral and posterior borders; sixth rufo-castaneous, enlarged; seventh flavo-testaceous with central castaneous macula, narrow, posterior margin sinuate and slightly emarginate in the middle; supra-anal lamina quadrate, broadly emarginate, rufo-castaneous with a testaceous macula at the postero- lateral angles. Cerci black, apices rufo-castaneous. Abdo- men beneath rufo-castaneous, lateral margins castaneous and a castaneous stigma on second to fourth sternites ; sub- genital lamina notched on each side, the long slender styles springing from the notches. Legs rufo-castaneous. Meta- tarsus scarcely equal to remaining joints, spined beneath, its pulvillus minute. $ . Head black ; ocelli, clypeus, gense, vertex flavo- testaceous ; antennse rufo-castaneous. Pronotum as in ^ , but the discal black marking much enlarged, so that it occupies all the disk, leaving only a narrow sinuate flavo- testaceous margin, no central testaceous line. Tegmina squamiform, not extending beyond metanotum, black, with a yellow line at base ; mesonotum, metanotum, and first five abdominal tergites black, with a broad central transverse flavo-testaceous band; sixth tergite enlarged, concavely depressed, black with flavo-testaceous lateral and posterior margins ; seventh tergite somewhat triangularly produced, black, apex slightly emarginate, flavo-testaceous ; supra-anal lamina produced, narrower than in ^ , broadly emarginate. Abdomen beneath and legs black, disk of abdomen rufo- castaneous ; COX86 margined outwardly with flavo-testaceous, tibial spines and tarsi castaneous. S . Total length 21 mm. ; length of tegmina 10 mm. ; pronotum 5*8 mm. x 7*2 mm. $ . Total length 26 mm. ; length of tegmina 4 mm. ; pronotum 8 mm. x 10 mm. South of Lake Rudolph, Brit. E. Africa {Maurice de Rothschild, 1905) ; five examples (Paris Museum). The nearest ally of the species appears to be J3. nianca, Gerst., from W. Africa. neAO Species of Blattlilac. 41 Subfam. Oxyhaloin.e. Genus Oxyhaloa, Br. Oxylialoa variabilis, sp. n. ? . Rufo-castaneous. Vertex of head rufo-castaneous, a clear testaceous band between the antennae, genae testaceous ; frons, clypeus, labrum, palpi, and antennae shining black. Pronotum with two oblique impressions anteriorly, with a few minute punctures from which spring short slender hairs. Tegmina with the veins fuscous, sparsely pubescent, very variable in length, in some examples reaching tip of abdomen, in others lanceolate and extending no further than the third tergite ; thirteen costals ; discoidal field reticulate. Wings as variable in length as the tegmina, flavid at base, the rest infuscated; veins fuscous, ulnar vein with eight to nine rami, the basal ones transverse. Abdomen broad, black above, the margins of the segments narrowly rufous, beneath rufo- castaneous ; supra-anal lamina short wdth rounded posterior angles, not emarginate ; subgenital plate projecting beyond the supra-anal lamina, fuscous, ample, its margin sinuated ; cerci short, fuscous, tipped with rufous. Legs black, apices of coxas and femora rufous, tibial spines rufous. Total length from 16 mm. to 13*5 mm. ; length of body from 16 mm. to i2'5 mm. ; length of tegmina from 11 mm. to 8 mm. ; breadth of pronotum from 6*2 mm. to 5 mm. ; length of pronotum from 4*5 to 4 mm. Interior of Djibouti (Hermann) ; one example (Paris Museum). This is the smallest species of the genus, and is remarkable on account of the variation in size of the wings and tegmina ; apparently this variation bears no relation to the variation in size of the individual, for one of the smallest specimens has long tegmina and one of the largest has these organs much reduced. Genus Paraplecta, nom. nov. (= Cii'phisy StSl.) The name Cirphis, created by Stal in 1876 (ffifv. Vet.- Akad. Forh. xxxiii. p. 74) for a cockroach (C. pallipes) from Damara Land, is preoccupied, having been applied by VValker in 1865 to a genus of Noctuid moths. 42 Mr. R. Slielford on some Paraplecta adhiopica, sp. n. . Castancous, smooth, riitid ; vertex of head not covered by pronotnm ; ocelli, apex of clypeus, mouth-parts, and antennae testaceous ; minutely punctured. Pronotum trape- zoidal, with rounded posterior angles, minutely punctured; ])Ostcrior margin truncate, exposing the scutellum Tegmina scmicoriaccous, barely reaching apex of abdomen ; eleven or twelve costals ; discoidal field reticulate, anal vein impressed ; eight axillaries. Wings with a large apical reflected area, two fifths of total wing-length, its basal margin obtusely angled; costals highly irregular and obsolescent ; median vein consisting of two parallel branches, with one or two trans- verse venulse connecting them; ulnar vein with seven branches. Abdomen castaneous above, supra-anal lamina produced ; abdomen rufo-castaneous below, subgenital lamina asym- metrical with one style (the left) ; cerci short, acuminate, 4-jointed. Legs testaceous ; femora spineless, tarsal claws without arolia. $ . Similar to cT , hut larger, tegmina and wings (when folded) not extending beyond the sixth abdominal tergite ; supra-anal lamina produced quadrately; subgenital lamina ample, produced, narrowed posteriorly. ^ . Total length 9 mm. ; length of tegmina 8 mm. ; pro- notum 3 mm. X 3*2 mm. $ . Total length 11 mm. ; length of tegmina 7 mm.; pro- notum 3*5 mm. x 3*8 mm. Fernando Po (L. Conradt, 1901) ; six examples (Paris Museum). The species can readily be distinguished from P. pallipes, Stal, by the wing-structure : in StaFs species there is a con- spicuous triangular apical area which in P. (Ethiopica has become extended to form an apical reflected area ; the venation is very similar in both species, but in pallipes the costals are better marked and the rami of the ulnar vein are more numerous, the double median vein is common to both species. Genus Choristima, Tepper. Choristhna, Tepper, Trans. Roy. Soc. S. Austral, xix. p. 165 (1895). AphlehideAi, Brancsik, Jahresh. Ver. Trencsin. Com. xix. Si xx. p. 56 (1897). Kirby in his ^ Synonymic Catalogue of Orthoptera ^ (1904), following Brancsik, places Aphlebidea in the Ectobinse ; but as the femora are unarmed beneath and a triangular apical field is present in the wings, the genus falls naturally into tlic 43 new Species 0/ Blatlidaj. subfamily Oxylialoiii8c( = Plcctopterinse). Aphlebidea is un- doubtedly the same as Tepper’s genus Choristima^ described two years previously, and A. Bnmneri, Brancs., if not identical with Choristinia palerucoides, Wlk., is most closely allied. Blatta- apicifera, Wlk. (Cat. 151att. B. M. p. 110, 1868), is the male of C. galerucoides, Wlk. : the type, which is in the British Museum, is in extremely poor condition, the abdomen and antennae being missing; it is smaller than the female, the tegmina and wings are relatively longer and would, 1 imagine, extend beyond the tip of the abdomen. Tepper^s diagnosis of the genus is extremely brief, but Brancsik^s description of Aphlebidea is detailed enough to render it readily recognizable. The species included in the genus may be distinguished as follows : — a. Subgenital lamina in 5 somewhat cucullate. h. Rufous C. B runner i, Brancs. hh. Testaceous C. Kershatoi, Tepp. aa. Subgenital lamina in $ not cucullate. h. Piceous above C. hydrophoroides, Wlk. bh. Rufous C. galerucoides, Wlk. (syn. C. hftyemis, Tepp. ; C. apicifera, Wlk.). Chorisoneura pectinata, Sauss. (Mel. Orthopter. iv. p. 131, 1872), may be referred to a new genus, on account of the fusion of the radial and ulnar veins of the tegmina— a con- dition which obtains also in Ectobia, Westw., but not in the genera Chorisonew'a, Br., or Choristima, Tepp., to which it is most nearly allied. Genus Ectoneura, nov. Allied to Choristima, Tepper, but the radial and uliiar veins of tegmina fused and emitting oblique veins to both margins. Tegmina and wings somewhat reduced in the female, but not to so great an extent as in Choristima ; triangular apical area large and conspicuous. Supra-anal lamina transverse or slightly produced; subgenital lamina of the male narrow, triangular, of the female large and subquadrate. Femora spineless beneath, except for apical spines, the formula of which is -J, j, } . Type, jE. pectinata, Sauss. Ectoneura figurata, sp. n. . Head fusco-castaneous with a pale testaceous band 44 jMr. R. Slielford on some l)etwcen the eyes ; antennae testaceous. Prothorax trans- versely elliptical, margins hyaline; disk fusco-castaneous with the centre testaceous, on which ai*e some fuscous markings. Tegmina hyaline with pale fuscous spots along the veins; twelve costal veins, nine discoidal rami. Wings hyaline, veins fusccscent ; nine costal veins ; medio-discai area twice as broad as medio-ulnar, crossed by several irregular trans- verse bars ; nlnar vein simple ; first axillary vein biramose, upper branch irregularly bifurcate. Abdomen fuscous, with testaceous markings; cerci long, fuscous, with a broad testaceous band. Legs testaceous. Total length 8 mm. ; length of tegmina 6"5 mm. Five males without locality (Oxford Museum). It is possible that this is the Blatta marcida of Erichson, a species placed by Brunner with some doubt in the genus Ectobia, Westw. Genus Chorisoneura, Br. Cliorisoneura Brunneri, sp. n. $ . Head fuscous, vertex rufo-castaneous ; antennse fuscous at base, the remainder testaceous. Prothorax transversely elliptic, disk fuscous, margins hyaline. Tegmina castaneous with hyaline costal margin and with fuscous humeral vitta, veins white ; sixteen costal veins, very irregular; median vein distinct, longitudinal, discoidal vein with four irregular branches ; the whole surface of the tegmina is much re- ticulated, and the veins are rather obscured thereby ; the part of the right tegmen covered by the left is infuscated. Wings fuscous, the edge of the marginal field yellowish ; eleven costal veins, their ends swollen, joined by transverse bars ; medio-discai field crossed by several transverse bars ; ulnar vein arcuate, simple; apical triangle unevenly divided, its base acutely angled, its apex subtruncate. Abdomen fulvous, legs testaceous. Cerci long, testaceous. Total length 8'5 mm. ; length of tegmina 7‘5 mm. Rio Grande do Sul. Two examples labelled in Brunner V. WattenwyPs band writing Chorisoneura, sp. n.'’^ (Oxford Museum) . The species appears to be distinct from anything described ; perhaps it shows most affinity with C. anomala, Sauss. & Zehnt. Chorisoneura morosa, sp. n. . Head rufo-fuscous, with a pale narrow transverse line between the eyes ; antennsc (mutilated) testaceous ; 45 new Species o/Blattida3. pronotum with the disk fuscous, marj^ins hyaline. Tegmina pale fulvous, surface not reticulated, veins prominent and white, a fuscous humeral vitta ; twelve costal veins, the last two biramose; the humeral vein also giving off four rami to the sutural margin, the discoidal vein giving off only three; ulnar vein triramose. Wings infuscated, edge of marginal field yellow ; fourteen costal veins, medio-discal field crossed by numerous transverse bars ; ulnar vein forked at apex, axillary vein triramose; apical area unequally divided, acutely angled at base, its apex subtruncate. Body and legs testaceous beneath. Total length 9 mm. ; length of tegmina 7 mm. Cachabi, Ecuador (W. F. H. Rosenberg coll., Dec. 1896) ; one example (Oxford Museum). The species is evidently allied to C. traiislucida, Sauss., from Mexico. Subfam. Panchloein^. Genus Zetobora, Burm. Zetobora lata, sp. n. ^ . Head black ; labrum golden ; antennse at base black, nitid, the rest fuscous, villose. Pronotum with anterior margin strongly rounded in the middle, less so laterally, the margin slightly reflected, the posterior margin only slightly curved, the postero-lateral angles slightly notched ; disk with a humeral carina on each side, the ‘Miood'’-’ with a few tubercles, nitid, the sides with numerous tubercles of various sizes, a few granules on the front ; castaneous except for a testaceous hyaline patch, semicircular in shape, in front ; scutellum with central carina and a few punctures. Tegmina broad, scarcely exceeding the abdomen in length, testaceo- hyaline, anal field and humeral vein castaneous ; marginal field very broad, its outer border slightly thickened and margined ; mediastinal area with large shallow punctures ; anal field reticulate-punctate ; discoidal field reticulate ; apex broadly rounded. Supra-anal lamina quadrate, notched ; subgenital lamina produced, rather asymmetrical, with one style (the right). Abdomen castaneous ; the dorsal tergites with their posterior angles strongly produced backwards and projecting considerably beyond the sternites, very much as in the genus Capucina, Sauss. 46 Mr. 11. Sbelford on some Total Icnj^th 22 mm. ; length of tegmina 25 mm. ; breadth of tegmeri 13 mm. ; pronoturn 10 mm. x 16*2 mm. The species is characterized by its great breadth in pro- portion to its length ; the notched postero-lateral angles of the pronoturn are also distinctive. Subfam. Corybinm. Genus Euthyrrapha. Euthyrrapha bigeminata, sp. n. $ . Very similar to E. pacifica^ Coq., but the pronoturn entirely fuscous, a round pale testaceous spot on eaeh tegmen beyond the middle ; the abdomen beneath is orange with the apex fuscous. The tegmina at base are slightly rugose, minutely punctate, and furnished with an erect pubescence ; the apex of the tegmina appears velvety. Legs fuscous, coxal joints and tibial spines castaneous. Subgenital lamina strongly carinate. Total length 7’5 mm. ; length of body 5 mm. ; length of tegmina 6 mm. Ivory Coast, W. Africa (G. ThoirSj 1901) ; one example (Paris Museum). Subfam. Ferisprmrinjj:. Genus Paranauphceta, Br. Paranaupheeta Brunneri, sp. n. $ . Closely allied to P. rufipes, Haan, but smaller. Head with three maculae on the vertex ; the ocelli, genae, clypeus, and basal joints of the palpi testaceous; apical joints of antennse not testaceous. Pronoturn with the testaceous margins much narrower than in P. rufipes. Tegmina and wings as in P. rufipes. Abdomen above less strongly marked with testaceous ; subgenital lamina ample, produced, emar- ginate. Coxae testaceous, castaneous at base ; femora testaceous at base, remainder castaneous ; tibiae and tarsi r uf o-castaneous . Total length 20 mm.; length of body 18 mm. ; length of tegmina 17T mm. Kuehing, Sarawak [Shelford, 1900) ; one example (Oxford Museum). 47 nen) Sj.ecics of l>lattida3. Genus Eustegasta_, Gerst. Eusiegasta agrilidina, sp. n. ^ . Black, nitid, with dark green metallic reflections. Head entirely of this colour except the labrum, which is testaceous ; antennje with five basal joints, black, nitid, remainder fuscous. Prouotum of typical form, broadly bordered laterally with orange. Tegmina with an orange spot at base of discoidal area, another in apical third of marginal area. Abdomen above fuscous, broadly margined with orange, beneath orange; supra-anal lamina short, trigonal, fuscous ; subgenital lamina small, asymmetrical, without styles, black ; cerci pale testaceous. Front legs orange ; mid and hind coxae black, outwardly bordered with white, femora and tibiae orange, all the tarsi fuscous; front femora with two spines on anterior margin beneath ; mid femora with one spine on anterior margin, none on posterior margin ; hind femora with one spine on anterior margin, three on posterior margin ; formula of apical spines -J, 1 ; no genicular spine on front femora. Total length 1.2-5 mm.; length of body 10 mm.; length of tegmina 10*1 mm. N'^Kogo, Freueh Congo {H. Bonnet, 1903) ; one example (Paris Museum). The nearest ally of the species is E. metallica, Sauss. Eustegasta variegata, sp. n. (f . Head testaceous ; occiput, a cordate patch on the frons, the genae, two spots on the clypeus, and the palpi cas- taneous or black ; antennae black, the six basal joints nitid. Prouotum testaceous, the disk rufo-castaneous, with two black longitudinal vittae of irregular shape. Tegmina rufo- castaneous ; mediastinal area and two thirds of marginal area clear testaceous, the stripe at its termination expanding into a spot that extends on to the outer part of discoidal field ; a humeral stripe ; the anal vein and a longitudinal stripe in the anal field black, faint indications of a testaceous spot at base of discoidal field. Wings flavo-hyaline ; median vein bifurcate ; ulnar vein with ten rami, four of which reach the apex of the wing. Abdomen orange above and beneath ; supra-anal lamina quadrate, posterior angles acute, not emarginate ; subgenital lamina asymmetrical, with one style, the right ; cerci orange. Coxse black, outwardly bordered with testaceous; front femora castaneous, the other femora 48 ^Ir. H. Slielford on some new Species o/Blattida3. and all tlie tibia3 davo-testaceous; tibial spines rufo-castaneous^ a[)ical joints of tarsi fuscous ; femoral spines as in preceding species, except that the mid femora have no spines beneath. Total length 13'8 mm. ; length of body 10 mm. ; length of tegmina 10*8 mm. Congo [Dyhowski, 189G) ; two examples (Paris Museum). Nearest to E. Lueci, Dom. Genus Ellipsica, Sauss. & Zehnt. Ellipsica rugosa^ sp. n. $ . Blacky narrowly elliptical^ convex. Head punctate; clypeus_, mouth-parts, and antennse flavo-testaceous. Sides of the thoracic tergites strongly deflexed, their posterior angles acute and produced backwards, their surface beset with tubercles, between which are numerous punctures ; on the meso- and metanotum the tubercles are in a double row, on the pronotum they are less regularly placed. Abdominal tergites transversely divided by a sulcus into two unequal portions ; the anterior narrow portion is im punctate and smooth, the posterior portion is marked by a double row of punctures followed by a double row of tubercles ; the transverse sulci are laterally very deep, especially in the posterior segments, and one row of punctures lies in these sulci; on the seventh tergite the tubercles are larger and less regularly arranged than in the preceding segments. Supra-anal lamina quadrate, margined, tuberculate. Abdo- minal sternites transversely divided by sulci like the tergites, punctate but not tuberculate; subgenital lamina ample, punctate. Legs black, tarsi flavo-testaceous, arolia large. Total length 15 mm. ; pronotum 5 mm. x 7 mm. West coast of Madagascar {Lantz, 1882) ; two examples (Paris Museum). The species is quite unlike any other of the genus in its tuberculate characters. Genus Pseudoglomeris, Br. Pseudoglomeris magnifica, sp. n. $ . Brilliant metallic green or blue-green. Head punc- tate ; eyes 1 mm. apart ; base of antennse and palpi flavid, apical half of antennse fuscous, middle section castaneous. Pronotum semiorbicular, posterior angles back- wardly produced ; anterior border margined and slightly Colonel C. Swinhoe on new Ihterocera. 49 reflected, densely punctate ; anteriorly the punctures are irregular, producing a I'eticulate appearance; a few irregular smooth spaces on all the thoracic tergites ; thorax bcneatli black, shining. Abdomen with large shallow punctures above; lateral margins of fifth and sixth segments slightly sinuate, four or five punctures in the sulci of third to sixth segments ; supra-anal lamina quadrate, slightly concave, angles rounded ; abdomen beneath mrieous, densely punctate, lateral smooth stigmata on each segment ; subgenital lamina ample, sinuate, striato-punctate. Cerci rufous. Coxce, apices of femora, tibiae, and tarsi rufo-testaceous ; femora castaneous. Total length 23 mm. ; pronotum 7‘8 mm. x 14 mm. Tuyen-Quan, Central Tonkin (A, Weiss, 1901) ; a long series of specimens in all stages of growth (Paris Museum). This is one of the most brilliantly-coloured cockroaches known to science ; its colour is reminiscent of the gorgeous metallic-green Cetoniid beetles of the Eastern Tropics. 111. — New Eastern, Australian, and African TIeterocera. By Colonel C. Swinhoe, M.A., F.L.S., &c. Family Bombycida. Andraca apodecta^ nov. 3" ? . Of a uniform ochreous-fawn colour, the male slightly suffused with brownish and darker than the females ; shafts of the antennm dark brown above, white at the sides, pectina- tions of the male brown ; some whitish suffusion along the outer portions of the costa in the male, not present in the females : fore wings with three transverse indistinct grey lines or thin bands — antemedial, medial, and discal, the two former sinuous, the latter deeply angled outwardly below the costa : hind wings with two medial lines and with the ground- colour of the wings paling towards the costa : the hairs on the abdominal margin dark brown, this margin curved inwards but without any excision. Underside paler, lines as above. Expanse of wings, ^ inches. Patiang, W. Sumatra ; one male, two females. The fore wings are not so produced as in the type species of the genus, bipunctata. Walker, from India, and it is without the excision of the abdominal margin of the hind wing as in that species, but it has every other character of the genus. Ann. & Mag. N. Hist. Ser. 7. Vol. xix. 4 50 Colonel C. Swinhoe on new Easiern^ Family Aganiidae. Asota pTiilippinensiSj nov. (3'. Palpi black, first and second joints with white stripes; frons white, with a black central spot ; head and body deep chrome-yellow ; a black spot at the base of each antenna; a black and white collar, a black thin band behind it; a black spot on each shoulder, another on the thorax near the base of the abdomen, a black stripe on the thorax at the base of the fore wings, black dorsal spots on the first five segments of the abdomen, and a double row on each segment below : fore wings dark purplish grey, as in A. paphos^ with a deep chrome-yellow subbasal patch, which does not touch the costa, which is there black intersected by white, making four square marks ; the immediate base is white, with a black spot, followed by another on the inner edge of the chrome patch ; an elongated spot on the lower side of the patch, an angled spot on the middle of the outer side and a round spot above it ; veins whitish, most prominently on the outer portions of the wing : hind wdngs black, whitish above the cell ; some whitish longitudinal short streaks in the disk ; a long streak in the abdominal marginal space and an outwardly recurved w hitish discal line or thin band, which ends near the extremity of the long streak. On the underside the wings are slaty grey for two thirds, slaty black with whitish veins on the outer third ; a large patch or spot at the end of each cell ; a small spot near the base on the fore wings and one in the middle of the cell on the hind wings; the veins are marked with slaty black on both wings ; the discal recurved band is clear on the hind wings, and indications of a some- what similar band on the fore wings; cilia white above and below. Expanse of wings 2/^ inches. Cagayancillo, Philippines, Jan. 6, 1903 (type in B. M.). A handsome insect, belonging to the papkos group. Digama costimacula^ nov. . Antennae simple ; palpi white, with black spots at the tips of each joint ; frons, head, thorax, and fore wings dark slaty grey, frons and head with white and black spots at the sides ; abdomen pale dull pink, with dorsal grey dots : fore wings with three prominent subcostal white spots very close to the costal line, the spots more or less square, the middle one the largest, the first smooth, one fifth from the base, the last at one fourth from the apex : hind wings yellow, w’ith 51 Australian^ and African Fleterocera. blackish-brown outer marginal border, terminating abruptly one third from the anal angle. Underside : body and wings yellow ; fore wings with a black cell-spot ; the outer third of the wing dark slaty grey, the middle portion of its innor margin extending- in an angle into the wing. Expanse of wings inch. Gold Coast (IK. H, Johnston) (type in B. M.). Belongs to the Hearseyana group. Digama lithosioides^ nov. ^ . Palpi white, with black bands at the ends of the last two joints ; antennae simple ; frons and head white, two black spots in front of the antsnnse, one between them, two on the collar; thorax and fore wings dull ochreous grey, veins grey and rather prominent ; hind wings and abdomen dark ochreous ; the wings are rather longer than usual, and the example looks like a Lithosid ; there are no markings above or below, except a small black dot at the end of cell of the fore wings below. Expanse of wings 2 inches. One male, Hills of Terta, Kilimanjaro, E. Africa (type in B. M.). Digama meridionalis^ nov. ^ . Antennse ciliated ; palpi grey, with blackish bands at the ends of the last two joints ; head, thorax, and fore wing^ dark grey, much as in the common Indian form Hearseyana^ Moore; two black spots in front of the antennae, one imme- diately behind, two on the collar, and two on the thorax in front : fore wings with black spots on the costa, three inside the cell, one at the base, and two beyond it below' the cell; discal and medial transverse, brown, erect bands below the cell and an outw^ardly curved, very highly dentated, discal, brown band and similar but smaller dentations on the outer margin ; abdomen and hind wings yellow, the latter without markings ; the abdomen is more ochreous and darker in colour than the hind wings and has black dorsal spots : the wings are long ; fore wdng narrow, with the hinder margin curved outw’ards before the middle. The underside is uniform pale yellow ; wings without markings, except a black dot at the end of the cell of the fore wings ; abdomen with lateral black spots. Expanse of wings inch. Johannesburg [A, T. Cooke) ; one male. 4^ 52 Colonel C. Svvinlioe on new Eastern^ Digama africana^ nov. $ . Antennai of male bipectinate ; palpi grey, with black bands at the tips of the last two joints ; frons and head white, thorax greyish white ; two black dots on the collar, four in a transverse row on the fore part of the thorax ; abdomen ochreous, with dorsal black segmental dots : fore wings dark ochreous grey, with a purplish tinge, one fifth at base white, divided by a grey transverse line, containing a black spot in the cell and one near hinder angle ; a white medial band, consisting of a large white square patch containing a black spot on the costa and a much smaller patch on the hinder angle ; another white patch on the costa at two thirds, with a tliin white band running down from it to the hinder angle, angled outwards in its middle, with a curious incomplete white circular mark near the inner side of the angle. The above is a description of a female from Tonga ; the otlier female and the male from Samburu have all the white bands more or less traceable, but very obscure from greyish suffusion ; the hind wdngs are dark ochreous yellow, with a narrow band at the apex, not continued on the costa or outer margin. On the underside all three examples are identical, being entirely yellow, the fore wings having some traces of the upperside markings and the costal spot rather prominent. Expanse of wings, ^ inch. Samburu, British East Africa {Betton) ; one male. Tonga, British East Africa ; two females. Types in B. M. Digama elongata^ nov. ^ . Antennae with the shafts white, pectinations black ; palpi black, white beneath ; frons, head, body, and wings white; frons with a large black spot, a small one on the top of the head, three on the thorax down the middle, and three on each side ; abdomen with a dorsal row : fore wings with pale blackish broad bands, first basal, for one fifth with a white mark at the base, its outer margin with an outward dentation above the middle and extends in a streak along the hinder margin, joined on the costa to the second band, which has irregular margins on each side and runs obliquely from the middle of the costa to the liinder margin one third from the angle ; the third band is discal and runs down only a short distance from the costa, and narrows down to two little spots; the fourth band is composed of elongated spots on the Australian^ and African ITeterocera. 53 outer margiti : liiiul wings dull white, with a rather broad, grey, marginal band. Expanse of wings ineh. Eb Urm, British East Africa (Betto?i) (type in B. M.). The fore wing*s longer than usual in the genus. Family Acontiidae. Eublemma acarodes^ nov. . Palpi, frons, head, and fore part of the thorax pure white, rest of the thorax, abdomen, and wings pale greyish, veins on both wings darker grey : fore wings with the costal line dark grey ; a very broad, dark pink, oblique band, occu- pying more than half the outer portion of the wing, its inner margin dark grey and well defined, its outer margin sufi’used w ith the dark grey colour of the outer margin of the wing : hind wings without markings. Underside : body, legs, and wdngs white : fore wings suffused with grey except for a broad subcostal ochreous streak from the base for more than half the length of the wing. Expanse of wings yV inch. Bihd, W. Africa ; one example. Somewhat resembling E. derogata^ Walker, from India. Tar ache amydray nov. . Palpi white, with grey bands on the last two joints; head, body, and fore wings dark iron-grey ; frons white, with two grey spots ; abdomen with white segmental lines : fore wdngs with the orbicular and reniform w^hitish, the former containing one, the latter two dark grey spots ; the entire wing picked out with many whitish marks, transverse, sinuous, ante- and postmedial, and submarginal lines, and some whitish dots on the costa : hind wings uniform greyish white ; cilia of both wings grey, with a whitish interline. Underside : fore wings uniform pale grey, with some blackish and ochreous spots on the outer half of the costa ; hind wings pale, with a discal curved grey line ; body and legs whitish, the latter with blackish bands. Expanse of wings y^y inch. Bihe, W. Africa ; one example. Tarache apateliay nov. ? . White, palpi wdth last joints black ; the frons projec- tion with two black spots touching each other; thorax with 54 Colonel C. Svv inhoe on new Eastern, black spots ; abdomen suffused with grey, with black seg- mental bands : fore wings almost entirely covered with dis- located blackish bands, subbasal, ante- and postmedial, and marginal, the last the broadest, only extending two thirds upwards, with a black spot on the costa : hind wings white, with grey marginal borders and a grey dot at the end of the cell. Underside paler, slightly ochreous tinged, markings showing through : hind wings with an additional large grey spot on the costa beyond the middle : body white; legs wiiite, with grey bands. Expanse of wings 1 inch. Bihd, W. Africa ; one example. There are several unnamed examples from British East Africa in the B. M. Trifid Draw’er 195 which are identical w'ith my specimen. Family Pyraustidae. Isocentris char oj) alls, nov. d* Above clear ochreous-yellow ; palpi dark brown at the base : fore wings with a black subcostal spot near the base ; transverse lines browm, antemedial nearly erect, medial descending to the hinder margin from a lunular line at the end of the cell, and postmedial from costa to vein 2; a sub- marginal line, follow’ed by a silvery line, and a marginal chocolate thin band, all close together ; cilia wliite, thickly interlined with chocolate-brown: hind wdngs with a discal 'line, curving deeply inwards at vein 4, the marginal marks as in the fore wings. Underside : pectus and body white ; legs yellow above, white beneath ; tarsi with blackish-brown bands ; wings pale yellowish ; fore wings with some of the interior lines visible ; hind wings without markings. Expanse of wings inch. Queensland j one example. Blepharomastix liedycliroalis, nov. Bright ochreous yellow, transverse lines brown: fore wings with a short line on the lower half very near the base; an antemedial, outwardly curved, even line ; a lunular line at the end of the cell ; a somewhat irregular and crenuhited discal line, which bends outwards below the costa, then curves deeply inwards to the lower end of the cell, then again bends outwards near the hinder margin, to which it then runs down straight ; a row of brown points near outer margin : hind 55 Australian^ and African Heterocera, wings whitish in the cell and costal space, with a discal, irregular, recurved line; cilia of both wings yellow. Under- side paler than above ; fore tarsi with narrow blackish-brown bands. Expanse of wings inch. Port Blair, Andaman Islands; one example. Calamochrous homochroalisj nov. $ . Pale greyish ochreous ; upper side of palpi, frons, and top of head chocolate-brown ; lines brown, tliin and crenu- lated : fore wings with an antemedial line, not reaching the costa ; a lunular line at the end of the cell ; a discal line fairly erect from costa to vein 2, where it bends inwards and then downwards to the hinder margin : hind wings with a discal recurved line. Underside with the face and body white; legs and wings pale whitish yellow, without markings. Expanse of wings inch. Port Blair, Andaman Islands ; one example. Nacoleia dairalis, Botys dairalis, Walker, xviii. 698 (1859). Nacoleia dairalis, Hmpsn. P. Z. S. 1898, p. 697. Merotoma dairalis, Swinhoe, Cat. Het. Mas. Oxon. ii. p. 483 (1900). Saraw’ak, Borneo. Type (female), Sarawak, in B. M., and four others (all females) from the same locality. I have received a pair lately from Sarawak the male of which has bipectinate an- tennse and has not the characters ascribed to the genus Merotoma, Meyrick ; it will come into a fresh section of Hampson’s genus Nacoleia, Merotoma Merjriclci, nom. nov. Merotoma dairalis, Meyrick (nec Walker), Trans. Ent. Soc. 1894, p. 460. Pulo Laut, Celebes. A pair received from Mr. Meyrick from Pulo Laut are in the B. M. with dairalis, Walker. Pyrausta plinthinalis, nov. ^ . Pale primrose-yellow ; palpi above,, frons, head, and thorax dark yellowish brown; palpi below w'hite; abdomen 5G Major T. Broun on new w'hlte, witli a brown dorsal stripe : fore wings with the costa broadly suffused with ochreous brown, the basal portion of the suffusion very dark ; a prominent, almost square, blackish- brown spot fills the end of the cell ; lines thin, pale, ante- and postmedial, the latter with an outward curve in the middle; an outward marginal liim, much thickened and dark brown towards the apex; cilia dark greyish ochreous : hind wings nearly white ; a brown spot at the end of the cell ; a discal line with an outward bend in its middle, and an outer marginal line as in the fore wings ; cilia white. Underside white; fore wings with a brown dot in the middle of the cell, the spot at the end and some of the other markings showing through the wing; hind wings with only a small brown mark at the apex ; body and legs white without markings. Expanse of wings inch. Padang, W. Sumatra ; one example. IV. — Descriptions of Six new Species of Coleoptera from New Zealand. By Major T. Broun, F.E.S. Group Pogonidae. Oopteriis pygmeatuSy sp. n. Subovate, slightly convex, nitid, piceo-fuscous, sometimes more rufescent ; legs and antennae fusco-testaceous or reddish. Head narrow^er than thorax, interocular furrows well marked. Eyes large, moderately prominent. Thorax cordiform, about one-third broader than long, distinctly rounded and marginated laterally, much narrowed but not sinuated behind the middle, posterior angles rectangular; its surface with fine indistinct transverse rugae, discoidal groove entire and rather feebly impressed, basal foveae moderately large. Elytra ovate-oblong, large, marginal channels well developed, posterior carinae distinct ; they are more or less finely punctate-striate, sometimes irregularly or indistinctly, but, excepting the sutural striae, they are without sculpture near the apices; the third interstices have three small punctures and fine setae. Underside shining, pitchy or reddish ; fourth ventral seg- ment wdth four setigerous punctures at the extremity, the 57 Coleoptera from New Zealand. other segments with one on each side of the middle in the female, in the male there are only two at the apex of the fourth segment. Tibioi straight, the intermediate pair and the tarsi distinctly setose. The other characters agree with those defined hy me on page G09, vol. xi. 1903, of the Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. When compared with O. parvulus, this new species may be at onee distinguished by the more ample and oblong, but evidently less convex, hind body, which, moreover, does not possess the rather coarse seulpture so apparent in the former species. In two or three examples I notice an additional seta at the thoracie hind angles. Length If ; breadth | lines. Found under stones near a stream on the Garrick Range, near Obelisk Peak, at an elevation of 4100 feet, by Mr. J. II . Lewis. Group Oxytelinae. Phloeon(jeus cordicollis, sp. n. Elongate, subdepressed, slightly shining, rufo-testaceous, elytra paler, finely pubescent. Head shining, with an indistinct transverse impression behind the eyes, behind this it is so minutely sculptured as to appear smooth ; in front, near the eyes, it is punctate, and seems there a little asperate and hairy ; the antennal tubercles are prominent. Eyes rather flat, distinctly facetted, quite lateral. Mandibles curvate, inwardly bidentate. Antennce finely pubescent, basal articulation elongate and gradually incrassate; the terminal three joints nearly twdee as broad as the intermediate ones. Thorax about as long as it is broad, truncate and widest in front, gradually curvedly narrowed towards the rounded base, and without perceptible hind angles ; its punctuation is moderate and rather shallow, it is almost smooth along the middle, and the greyish pubescence is disposed transversely. Elytra pallid, short, broader than long, subtruncate behind, posterior angles oblique or rounded; their surface is not definitely sculptured, but bears evident greyish hairs. Hind-body elongate, parallel, marginated, its five exposed segments are nearly equal and distinctly pubes- cent, the sculpture is ill-defined ; the terminal segment is short and retracted and is trituberculate at the extremity. Legs of moderate length, rather slender ; tibise minutely spinose externally, the anterior outwardly curved, with small terminal spurs. Tarsi slender, the basal two joints, taken 58 Major T. Broun on new togetlier^ are shorter than the apical one. Paljji with sub- ulate terminal joints. This may be readily identilied by its simple cordiform thorax. M. FauveFs P. punctiventris has a shorter bisulcate thorax and longer wing-cases. Length IJ; breadth lines. Collected by Mr. J. H. Lewis at Ocean Beach near Dunedin. Group Byrrhidae. Pedilophorus Lewisi, sp. n. Ovate, moderately convex, aeneo-niger ; tibiae pitchy red ; tarsi and antennae rufescent, the basal joint of these latter, however, piceous. Body apparently nude, but really bearing some minute greyish setae. Head closely and distinctly punctured, narrowed anteriorly, the forehead subtruncate or obtusely rounded, but not sharply defined in front, the short vertical frontal portion nearly smooth. Labrum punctate-rugose, more or less pilose, lateral grooves deep. Eyes large, evidently facetted, most prominent in front. Thorax twice as broad as it is long, narrowed anteriorly, lateral margins well-defined, front angles rectangular and slightly projecting ; its surface closely aJid distinctly punctured, more coarsely towards the sides. Scutellum almost cordiform, distantly punctate. Elytra large, moderately narrowed posteriorly, not so closely sculptured as the thorax, much more distantly and finely, almost obsoletely, punctured tow^ards the apices. The female with six or seven more or less obvious striae on each elytron, the sutural most distinct. The male with two or three short ill-defined striae, and with series of coarse punctures on each elytron. Tihice finely pilose, with short terminal spines, the anterior pair grooved along the lateral portion of the frontal face for the reception of the tarsi, the external edges of all minutely setose. Tarsi elongate, pilose underneath ; fourth joint small, third prolonged below. $ . Antennce elongate, finely pubescent, very gradually dilated from the fifth joint onwards; basal joint stout, sub- cylindric, and finely sculptured ; second much shorter and narrower than the first, tapering apically ; third nearly as long as the first, but slender; fourth shorter than the con- tiguous ones ; sixth and seventh longer than broad ; joints 59 Coleoptera from New Zealand. eight to ten subquaclrate ; eleventh elongate-oval ; the basal three artieulations are less pubescent than the following ones. My female specimen, owing to malformation, dilfers considerably in antennal structure. Underside, including the femora, shining pitchy-black, moderately closely j)uncturcd, the metasternum most coarsely. Flanks of prosternnm smooth, the intercoxal process broad, but not prolonged and fitting into the deep angular meso- sternal cavity. The posterior femora are accommodated in rather large deep cavities. The abdominal sutures are nearly straight, the fourth only being somewhat incurved. Length 3^--3f ; breadth 2-2^ lines. Named in honour of Mr. J. H. Lewis, who found this fine species under stones near a stream on the Old Man Range, Otago, at an elevation of 4100 feet. It may be easily recognized by its rather large size and more or less obvious elytral striae. Group Melolonthidas. Scythrodes squalidus. This new genus and species of our Southern Alps was founded (Man. N.Z. Coleopt. p. 955) on a single female discovered by Mr. G. M. Thomson, about tw^elve years ago, at an elevation of 6000 feet on Mount Tyndall. Quite recently, Mr. J. H. Lewis kindly sent me some males which he had found on Obelisk Peak, Garrick Range, at an elevation of 4100 feet. These males exhibit several discrepancies of sculpture and antennal structure when carefully compared with the typical female, so it was considered best to draw up the subjoined description so that others may not make the mistake of treating the sexual forms as distinct species. Body broadly oviform, only moderately convex, nigrescent, nearly nude. ^ . Atilennee rather short, without pubescence. The basal joint equals the following four conjointly in length, but the portion visible from above barely exceeds the second in length, it is gradually thickened towards the oblique apex, which bears three or four elongate setae ; second nearly twice as long as broad, somewhat pyriform, but unsymmetrical, the inner side being straight whilst the outer is swollen ; third subtriangular, obviously smaller than the contiguous ones ; fourth triangularly cordiform, about twice the breadth of the preceding one ; fifth remarkably short, as wide as the GO Major T. Broun on new extremity of tlie fourth. Club moderately short, rather closely })uneturcd and bearing minute brassy setae, tri- articulate, its third lobe either slightly concave or grooved along the outside so as, in some lights, to indicate a fourth joint, which, however, docs not exist. Head coarsely and irregularly punctured, the punctures twice as numerous as in the typical female; it is sparingly fringed with somewhat rufescent outstanding setae, and in a small fovea close to the front of each eye there is a cluster of about six setae. Thorax twice as broad as it is long ; the front angles attain the middle of the eyes, the posterior are obtusely rectangular and rest on the shoulders; the sides are finely margined and so little curved as to appear nearly straight except where they are narrowed towards the front ; its surface is distinctly but irregularly punctured, between the middle and each side the punctuation, on some spots, is not so close, but there are no very evident smooth spaces, the punctures usually contain greyish scale-like or sappy matter. Elytra almost as broad as they are long, moderately transversely convex, shoulders oblique, sides regularly slightly rounded, apex rounded ; each with six rather broad but not deep striae, beyond these, laterally and apically, the seulpture is rugose and punctate, the striae, however, are not very definitely punetured, but the whole surface being more or less rugose some parts of the striae appear crenate ; the interstices are broad and punctate ; the lateral margins are not distinctly reflexed, but the channels are broad, with coarse, transverse, and rather shallow sculpture. Underside sparingly pilose, glossy blaek, the ventral seg- ments with a transverse series of setigerous punctures on each. Tibi(B sparsely setose or hairy, the anterior a little expanded, oblique at apex, tridentate externally, the inner calcar attains the base of the second tarsal joint. ^ . Length 8 ; breadth 5^ lines. Group Cryptorhynchidse. Acalles fuscatus f sp. n. Ovate- oblong, transversely convex, opaque, rufo-fuscous, densely covered with depressed pale broAvn scales and sappy matter and numerous greyish-yellow erect setae; antennae and tarsi ferrugineous. Rostrum as long as thorax, red, squamose at base, very gradually and moderately narrowed towards the middle, CoJeoptera from Neio Zealand, GL finely punctured and irregularly longitudinally strigose. Head immersed up to the rather flat eyes. Thorax one-third broader than long, much contracted in front, base very feebly sinuated, sides medially rounded, but narrowed behind ; its punctuation close and moderately coarse, but concealed by the covering. Scutellam invisible. Elytra oblong, rounded and nearly vertical posteriorly, coarsely striate- punctate. Underside rufescent, moderately coarsely and closely punctured, with greyish-yellow squamae and a few setae. Pectoral canal profound, limited behind by the semi- circularly raised margins of the mesosternum. Metasternum very short. Abdomen large ; basal segment, in the middle, as long as the following three conjointly, second as long as the next two, third and fourth short, with deep straight sutures, fifth about the length of the preceding two, with a median fovea-like impression. Legs long and stout, their clothing like that of the body. Tarsi stout, third joint bilobed, but only moderately expanded. Antenn(R elongate, inserted just before the middle of the rostrum, their pubescence yellowish ; scape clavate and slightly flexuous, reaching backwards to the eye ; funiculus rather longer than the scape, second joint nearly as long as the first, but not so stout, joints 3-7 of nearly equal size, the seventh, however, rather broader than the others ; club elongate, oval, apparently triarticulate. In superficial appearance this insect is somewhat similar to the much larger Syrnpedius vexatus (no. 890). Length, rost. excl., 1^-1 breadth | lines. Two examples from Mr. J. H. Lewis. Acalles multisetosus, sp. n. Convex^ subovate, fuscous, covered with brownish-grey scales ; coarse, greyish, squamiform setae form a sort of fringe round the thorax, on the hind-body there are many outstanding, but more slender and sometimes infuscate setae, whilst the legs and underside bear conspicuous coarse grey ones. Rostrum stout, slightly rufescent, squamose, finely punc- tured. Thorax of nearly equal length and breadth, con- stricted in front, rounded at the middle ; usually with two grey, squamose, longitudinal streaks near the base, its surface IS moderately coarsely punctured. Elytra oviform, obviously broader than the thorax j they are striate-punctate, the sculpture, however, is not easily seen. 62 On new Goleoptera from New Zealand. Legs stout ; tibiae slightly reddish ; tarsi almost testaceous. The pectoral canal extends almost to the middle of the intermediate coxae. Metasternum very short, but the basal ventral segment is large, the terminal one is red. This minute species is most nearly allied to Pascoe^s A. perpusillus (no. 870). I-iength, rost. excl., | ; breadth f line. This species also is from the collection of Mr. Lewis. Group Cossonidae. Agastegnus rufescenSj sp. n. Elongate^ subdepressed, subcylindric, finely pubescent, moderately glossy, infuscate-red ; rostrum and thorax quite red, head darker. Rostrum shorter than thorax, nearly cylindric, but con- tracted at the base and slightly narrowed between the middle and the apex, finely and distantly punctured in front, more closely behind. Head immersed up to the eyes, much curvedly narrowed anteriorly, so punctured as to appear rather dull. Eyes flat, lateral. Thorax somewhat oviform, but constricted near the apex ; its disk subdepressed and medially furrowed, distinctly yet finely and not closely punctured ; it bears distinct decumbent golden hairs near the sides. Scutellum small, but distinct. Elytra elongate, somewhat gradually narrowed towards the base, broadly, but not very obviously, transversely depressed between the middle and the base, sparingly clothed with yellow and greyish hairs ; punctate-striate, intermediate striae shallow or obso- lete, the two suturals deep at the base ; interstices apparently impunctate, the third carinate towards the apices. Legs long, rather stout, finely and sparingly pubescent; tibiae flexuous, with well-developed hooks. Tarsi 4-jointed, penultimate moderately expanded and sub-bilobed, the apical joint nearly as long as the other three conjointly, their soles with scattered outstanding slender hairs. Antennee reddish, scape flexuous and a little thickened towards the extremity, quite as long as the funiculus, which is 5-jointed, with the basal joint obconical, second nearly twice as long as broad and more slender than the contiguous ones, third and fourth apparently transversel}^ quadrate, though slightly narrowed near the base, fifth transverse, broader than the preceding ones ; the club densely but finely pubescent, oblong-oval, large, indistinctly articulated, about the length of joints 2—5 of the funiculus taken togefher. 63 On Three new Fishes from Yunnan, A. distinctus, also from Otago, may be distinguished by its thicker, almost parallel-sided rostrum, stouter and shorter antennae, evidently shorter second joint of the funiculus, by its deeper thoracic channel, and the double elytral trans- verse impressions, one being behind the middle femora and the other in line with the posterior pair. Length, rest, inch, 1^; breadth quite | lines. Described from a single mounted specimen sent by Mr. J. H. Lewis, who found it at Otago. V. — Descriptons of Three new Fishes from Yunnan^ collected by Mr. J. Graham. By 0. Tate ReGAN, B.A, Schizothorax taliensis. Depth of body 5 to 6 in the lengtli, length of head 4| to 5. Diameter of eye in the length of head, lengtli of snout 3§, interorbital width 3. Mouth terminal, with the jaws equal anteriorly ; maxillary extending to below anterior edge of eye ; fold of the lower lip not continuous ; barbels short. 85 to 100 scales in the lateral line, 24 to 29 between dorsal fin and lateral line, 12 to 15 between lateral line and root of ventral. Scales irregular ; thorax and a median abdominal strip naked. Dorsal IV 7, its origin nearly equidistant from tip of snout and base of caudal ; the compound serrated ray strong, its length f to J the length of head ; free edge of the fm concave. Anal III 5, when laid back extending to the base of caudal. Pectoral | the length of head, extending -J or a little more than ^ of the distance from its base to the origin of ventrals. Ventrals 9- or 10-rayed, originating a little behind the origin of dorsal, extending ^ to § of the distance from their base to the origin of anal. Caudal forked. Caudal peduncle twice as long as deep. Silvery ; back bluish. Four specimens, 130 to 210 mm. in total length, from the Tali Fu Lake, 300 miles W. of Yunnan Fu. Discognathus yunnanensis. Depth of body 5 in the length, length of head 4|. Eye slightly nearer to edge of operculum than to tip of snout, its diameter ^ the length of head and ^ the width of the slightly convex interorbital region. Barbels 2 on each side, short, 64 Mr. C. T. Regan on subequal. 40 scales in a longitudinal series, 5 between dorsal fin and lateral line, 3 between lateral line and root of ventral fin. Dorsal III 8 ; origin nearly equidistant from tip of snout and base of caudal ; longest ray nearly as long as the head ; free edge of the fin slightly coticave. Anal III 5. Caudal deeply forked. Pectoral as long as the head, not reaching the ventrals, which originate below the middle of the dorsal and extend to the origin of anal. No well-defined spots or markings. A single specimen, 53 mm. in total length, from the lake at Yunnan Fu. Silurus Grahami, Depth of body 6 in the length, length of head 5. Breadth of head If in its length, diameter of eye 8, interorbital width 3^, length of snout 3f. Lower jaw projecting; vomerine teeth in separate patches ; 4 barbels, the maxillary ones reaching the ends of the pectorals, the mental ones f as long. Dorsal 4, its distance from tip of snout slightly more than J its distance from the caudal. Anal 73, continuous with the caudal, which is subtruncate. Pectoral with I 13 rays ; spine with the outer edge weakly denticulated and the inner edge entire, its length | that of the fin, which is f as long as the head and does not reach the ventral. Ventrals 12-rayed, extending to the third or fourth ray of anal. Greyish brown. A single specimen, 260 mm. in total length, from the Cliien Kiung Lake, 30 miles S.E. of Yunnan Fu. This species is very close to S. mento^ Yunnan Fu Lake, which has shorter barbels, the inner edge of the pectoral spine serrated, and the ventrals 10-rayed. VI. — Diagnoses of new Central- American Freshwater Fishes of the Families Cyprinodontidae and Mugilidse. By C. Tate Regan, B.A. 1 . Rivulus flahellicauda. D. 9. A. 12. Sc. 42. Diameter of eye 4 in the length of head. End of anal below middle of dorsal. Brownish, edges of scales darker ; vertical fins with some small darker spots ; a caudal ocellus. Jriab. Costa Rica, Juan Venas [Underwoodf Total length 70 mm. new Central- American Fishes. G5 2. RivuJus Godmanni. D. 8. A. 11. Sc. 35. Diameter of eye 3 in the length of head. End of anal below middle of dorsal. Olivaceous, a darker spot on each scale ; operculum blackish ; vertical fins dusky, the caudal with a narrow pale edge and below with a blackish intramarginal stripe; caudal ocellus sometimes present. llah. Guatemala (^Godman). Total length 40 mm. 3. Pcecilia salvatoris. Poecilia thermalis (non Steind.), Giinth.. Cat. Fish. vi. p. 341 (1866). D. 10-11. A. 8-9. Sc. 27-30. Closely allied to P. splienops, C. & V., but with the body not so deep, the interorbital space broader, and the free edge of the dorsal fin straight instead of eonvex. Olivaceous ; males with more or less distinct cross-bars ; dorsal with 2 series of vertically expanded blackish spots, sometimes absent in females ; caudal, in the males, with oblong blackish spots. Ilah. San Salvador, in warm springs [Dow], Total length 55 mm. 4. Xiphophorus strigatus. Xiphophorus Helleri (non Heck.), Meek, Zool. Pub. Columbian Mus. v. 1904, p. 157. D. 12-14. A. 9-10. Sc. 28-30. A blackish lateral stripe from eye to base of caudal ; no additional stripe in the males. Hah. Southern Mexico, Vera Cruz and Oaxaea. The true X. Helleri is the species named X. jalapce by Meek, males of which have two lateral stripes. 5. Xiphophorus brevis. D. 13-15. A. 9-10. Sc. 27. Depth of body 2|- to 2| in the length. 3 or 4 indistinct dark longitudinal stripes at the edges of the series of scales on the sides ol the body. Hah. British Tdonduras, Stann Creek [Robertson). Total length 75 mm. 6. Agonostomus macracanthus. D. IV, I 8. A. II 10. Sc. 41-43. Upper lip very thick, as in A. nasutus. Maxillary extending to below middle of eye. Dorsal spines strong, the first J-| the length of head or Ann. & Mag, N. Hist. Ser. 7. Vol. xix. 5 G6 ]\Ir. W. Nlcoll on the the distance between tlie origins of tlie dorsal fins and as long as the longest rays of the second dorsal. Pectoral | the length of head, extending to or a little beyond the vertical I'rorn the origin of spinous dorsal. Hah, Guatemala, Uio Guacalate {Salvin). Total length 210 mm. 7. Agonostomus Salvini. D. IV, I 8. A. II 10. Sc. 38-40. Closely allied to A. nasutusj but upper lip not so thick, eye smaller, lower jaw a little longer, pectoral fin shorter. Maxillary extending to below anterior ^ or of eye. Dorsal spines moderate, the first I (adult) or J (young) the length of head or of the distance between the origins of the dorsals. Pectoral f the length of head or less, not extending to below the spinous dorsal. JIah. Guatemala, Rio Nacasil [Salvin). Total length 270 mm. VH. — A Cont?'ibutio7i towards a Knowledge of the Entozoa of British Marine Fishes. — Part I. By William Nicoll, M.A., B.Sc., Gatty Marine Laboratory, St. Andrews. [Plates I.-IV.] The following aecount of an as yet little-known province of British marine zoology can hardly be regarded as more than a mere preliminary. The original intention was to have treated the subject in a systematic manner, dealing wdth the Entozoa of each of the natural groups of fishes — Gadidae, Pleuronectidae, &c. — separately ; but as this w^as found im- possible for the time being, the most satisfactory remaining course seemed to be to study the easily accessible fishes as they came to hand. It will be seen that these fall under two classes : (1) the commoner littoral fishes, gunnel, stickle- back, &c. ; (2) the commoner food-fishes, haddock, dab, &c. A large number of each species, except in a few^ instances, having been examined, the results obtained may be regarded as fairly accurate and the parasites from each host as com- paratively typical. Special attention has been devoted to the Trematode forms ; cestodes occurred but rarely, except in the form of scolices. Nematodes and Acanthocephala were frequent, but, for the most part, assignable to common species. Several forms remain unnamed, mostly young Ascarids, which are difficult to diagnose. G7 Entozoa of British ]\ [urine Fishes. No Elasinobranch fishes are noted in tliis paper^ and of the Teleostei, three groups — Pharyrigognathi^ Lophobranehii, and Pleetognathi — are unrepresented. Ofthe remaining three groups upwards of 60 speeies are reeorded from St. Andrews Bay, but only 50 of these are at all eommon. About half of these are dealt with here. A few yielded no parasites, a notable case being Blennius pholis, which will be referred to later; amongst the others an individual not harbouring its quota of parasites was exceptional. A striking feature of the herein-noted results is the large number of instances in which a parasite is recorded from a new host, although the new species are few. This may be due to a particular host not having been examined before or to its not having harboured Entozoa in the localities where it had previously been examined. A third possibility sug- gesting itself is that two species of fish may have been confused or regarded as identical, and the parasites of one attributed to the other. A case in point is that of Coitus scorpiuSy Bloch, and C. bubalis, Euphr., between which I have sometimes found difficulty in deciding. I have, how- ever, carefully compared each specimen examined with Day^s descriptions of the two species, and in so far as he is to be depended upon the results may be regarded as correct. The large number of forms new to Coitus bubaiis may be explained in this way; moreover, almost every one occurred in an example which was unmistakably Coitus bubaiis, Euphr. This leads us to a consideration of the work of previous observers. Two most important attempts have been made towards a systematic and exhaustive knowledge of the Entozoa of the North Sea fishes — the one by Olsson* in 1867, the other by P. J. van Benedenf in 1870. The work of the former was done in the waters off the west coast of Norway, which can hardly be regarded, strictly speaking, as the North Sea; but since the majority of the species which he examined are common to our shores, we can include his results under those for fish taken within the North Sea. Yan Beneden deals with fish from the Belgian coast and from further out at sea. Both examined a very large number of fishes, especially the commoner varieties. Amongst the littoral fishes neither Olsson nor Van Beneden makes mention of Gobius Ruthensparri and Liparis Montagui. Olsson, in addition, omits Zoarces viviparus ; Van Beneden, Coitus O * “ Entozoa lios Skandinaviska liafsfiskar,” Lunds Univ. Arsskrift, vol. iv. 1867, no. viii. t “ Les Poissons des Cotes de Belgique,” M(5m. Acad. Belg. xxxviii. 1871. 5* C8 ]\[r. W. Nicoll on the huhalis. From tlicir observations no parasite appears to infest the fish haunting the pools and crevices along the shore in the same way as Podocotyle atomon^ llud., has been found to do at St. Andrews. The presence of this Trematode is quite a feature ; it occurs in eight out of the nine species examined. Another common form is Echinorhynchus acus, llud._, which was found in four species. Amongst the fishes from deeper waters the widely-spread Hemiurus forms and Derogmes various, Muller, are recorded very frequently l)y both the above-mentioned observers. As might have been expected, the same is true in the present instance. Fish, such as the herring and haddoek, which roam far and wide in their search after food tend to exhibit the same para- sitic fauna in whatever quarter they are taken, but the littoral fish, with their more circumscribed lives, are dependent on local faunae for food, and in consequence their parasites vary according to the locality. A case like that of Podocotyle atomon, Fud., would almost lead one to enunciate the hypothesis that the Entozoa of a particular fish depend more on its environment than on the species to which it belongs ; that is to say, that no matter what the species of fish the parasites found in it ought to be the same as those found in other species from the same neighbourhood. This raises the very important question of idiosyncrasies in feeding, for it is well known that different species, although living quite close together, have often entirely different modes of feeding. Van Beneden took some pains to note the food of the various fish which he examined ; but into this matter I do not propose at present to enter. One case, however, that of the shanny, Blennius phoUs, cannot be overlooked. It occurs here commonly, and I had an oppor- tunity of examining a large number, but in no instance did a single parasite present itself. Such a fact is not remark- able ill itself, but, in view of the frequency with which other fish in the vicinity were infected, it is striking enough. Van Beneden found the food of the shanny to consist of crustaceans, Balanus for the most part. In addition to crustaceans I have met with excessive numbers of small gastropods, especially young Littoi'ina. Thus the food is apparently not so very diflerent from that of other species. The presence of the large number of shells in the intestine might be offered as a reason for the absence of parasites, but shells and other hard debris are found in fish in which parasites abound. Another explanation might be sought in some constitutional peculiarity of the shanny which renders it an unsuitable host. Similar instances — e. g. Agonus CD Kulczoa of British J\farine I'ulies. (Asp'ulophorus) catnphracim, Cienolabrus rupcstris, and Jh'osmius brosme — occur in Olsson’s observations^ altliougb lie makes no comment upon them. Neither Olsson nor Van Beneden made any a^^^mpt towards a solution of the life-history of the forms with '''diicli they deal. The subject is difficult and requires sj)ccial and long continued study. Leviriscn* made an extensive seareli amongst the marine invertebrata of Greenland for inter- mediate forms, and was suecessful in three or four eases, llis results have not been confirmed. Latteily some important work has been done in this direction by Miss Lebour in Northumberland t- She has investigated many of the commoner Mollusea and has reeorded from them quite a number of sporocysts and eercaria3. The difficulty of tracing these to their final host still remains. In the Irish Sea at the Liverpool Laboratory considerable additions have been made to the British Entozoa fauna by Johnstone Very few Trematodes are mentioned, Cestodes receiving most attention. His note on Distomum valdem- flalum, Stoss., is interesting and will be referred to later. '\ he occurrence of Hemiunis appendiciclaius in very small (^-1 in.) plaice and dabs is curious, for this Trematode has never been recorded from these fish in their adult state. The mention of a form {Distomum gulosum, Linton) first described from America is also noteworthy. Linton^s work on the American fishes § reveals many forms which are the same as or almost identical with species already known from corresponding European fish. He himself is unable in several eases to establish their identity with absolute certainty. His work is valuable on account of the eare with which he has studied and measured the various important organs, but unfortunately little exact information is to be derivecl from his plates. Some experiments which I h.ad an opportunity of conducting with sticklebacks may conveniently be described here. The fact that the sticklebacks from brackish ditches were infeeted with Fodocotyle atomon, Rud., to as great an extent as those from the marine roek-pools suggested ascertaining the effect ^ “ Bidrag til Kimdskab om Groiilands Trematodfauna,” Oversigt Kgl. Bansk. Selskab. 1881, pp. 52-84, pis. ii., iii. t Notes on Northuinhrian Trematodes,” Northumberland Fisheries Report for 1905. X ‘‘ Internal Parasites and Diseased Conditions of Fishes,” Lancashire Sea-Fisheries Report for 1904, p. 98 ; 1905, p. 151. § Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. xx. pp. 423-456, pis. xxvii.-xxxiv. and pp. 507- 548, pis. xl.-liv. 70 Mr. \V. Nicoll on the of pure fresh 'water. Some examples^ both from pools and from (litdies^ were confined in a tank of fresh water. For two months they were supplied with })ond-weeds, snails, grubs, &c., which, liowever, they did not accept very readily. At the end of* tliat time sorric were examined and found to contain the parasites as frequently as before. No new ])arasites had made their a})peatance. For another two months the sticklebacks received no food at all, and on examination thereafter no diminution in the number of ])arasitcs was observable, although by this time the fish were in a very poor condition. Tliis is at variance with the observations of Zschokke and others, who found that in fish migrating from the sea to rivers the parasites acquired during their sojourn in the sea were gradually killed off by the fresli water of the river. The above experiment appears to indicate that the disappearance of the parasites in certain cases is not W'holly attributable to the effect of the fresh w^ater, but that some other factor must enter into account. The length of time (four months) during which the fish were confined to the fresh water was ample for any effect due to the water to have taken place. The only noteworthy circumstance observed was the largely increased number of ova extruded from the parasite in the intestine of the host. The following is a list of the hosts examined, with their respective parasites ; the habitat is also noted. An asterisk prefixed to the habitat denotes that the parasite is recorded for the first time from this situation; an asterisk prefixed to the name of the parasite denotes that it is here recorded for the first time from this host. The fish are named according to Day^s ‘British Fishes.'’ Acanthoptebygii. Gasterosteus aculeatus, Linn. 3-spined Podocotyle atomon, Mud. ( = Psilostomum redactum, mihi. ^Ascaris sp. (jiiven.). Coitus scorpius, Bloch. Bullliead. Podocotyle atomon, Mud. (=l)istomimi simplex, Mud.) Derogenes varicus, Muller. Bistomum sp. Echinorhynclms acus, Mud. Bothiiocephalus punctatus, Mud. Coitus buhalis, Euphr. Father-lasher. Podocotyle atomon, Mud, ^Ilemiums appendiculatus. Mud. ■^Derogenes varicus, Muller. *Prosorhynchus squamatus, Odhner Stickleback. Stomach, intestine. Body- cavity. Intestine. Stomach and ^intestine. Gills in capsules. Intestine. Intestine. Intestine. Stomach. Stomach. Intestine and pyloric a2)pendages. 71 Kntozoa of British Marine Fishes. ■’i^Ascans sp. ■^Ascai’is capsularia, Rtul. ^Ascarop.sis nioiTlmrc, v. Ben. *EcliiiU)rliynclui8 acus, Rud. liotlirioceplialus punctatus, Rucl, ^Scolox polyiiiorplius, Rud. ^Diatom uiii sp. (juveii.). liody-cavity. I’eritoiieimi. Intestine. Intestine. Intestine. Intestine and rectum. capsules. DouLle- spotted (iub3^ Stomach and intestine. Gills in capsules. Ilody-cavity. Intestine. Gohius Ruthens^jarri, Euphr. ^Podocotyle atomon, Rud. ^Distomum sp. (juven.). ^Ascaris sp. (jiiven.). ■^Scolex polymorph us, Rud. Ci/clopterus lumpus, Linn. Lump-sucker. Scolex polymorph us, Rud. Liparis Montagui, l)onov. Montague’s Sucker. ^Podocotyle atomon, Rud. Intestine, ^Prosorhynchus squamatus, Odhner. Intestine ^Stomach and intestine. ^Echinorhynchus acus, Rud. *'Ascaris sp. (juven.). Centronotus gunnellus, Linn. Gunnel. ^Podocotyle atomon, Rud. ^Hemiurus appendiculatus, Rud. ^Ascaris sp. (juven.). and pyloric appendages. Intestine. Body-cavity. Intestine and rectum. Intestine. Peritoneum. Zoarces viviparus, Linn. Viviparous Blenny. ^Podocotyle atomon, Rud. ^Echiuorhynchus acus, Rud. An.vcanthini. Gadus ceglefinus, Linn. Haddock. Lepodora rachisea, Cobhold. *'llemiurus communis, Odhner. Ascaris communis. Dies. Ascaris clavata, Rud. *A scaris sp. ^Agamonema commune, Dies. ^Ileterakis foveolata, Rud. ^Ascaropsis morrhuoe, v. Ben. Echinorhynchus acus, Rud. Bothriocephalus rugosus, Rud. ^'Scolex polymorphus, Rud. ^Scolex sp. Gadus merlangus, Linn. Whiting. Derogenes varicus, Muller. Ascaris clavata, Rud. Filaria echinata, v. Linstoio. Motella mustela, Linn Five-bearded ^Podocotyle atomon, Rud. Ascaris capsularia, Rud. Ammodgtes tohianus, Linn. Sand-Eel ^Ilemiurus communis, Odhner. Intestine. Intestine. Intestine. Stomach. *Body-cavit3^ ^Stomach. Intestine. Liver and pyloric ap- pendages in capsules. Intestine. Mouth, oesophagus, stomach, intestine. Intestine. Intestine and pyloric appendages. Intestine. Gall-bladder. ^Intestine. Intestine. Intestine. Bockling. Stomach and intestine. Peritoneum. (Esophagus, stomach, intestine. 72 Mr. W. Nicoll on the Bracliypliallua crenatus, Rud. J^ecitliaster gibbosus, Rud. •=*^Ascaria sp. (juven,). ^ Ascai-is sp. '^JCcliinorlijncbiia aciia, Rud. (?) Scolex amniodytis Tobiani, v.Ben. Jlippof/lossus vuU/aris, Flein. Halibut. *tStephanocbasniiis baccatus, sp. n. ^Ilemiurus apijeiidiculatus, Rud. l^erogeues various, Muller. *Derogeiies cacozelus, sp. n. Ascaiis capsularia, Rud. Ascaris collaris, Rud. <*^Ascaris sp. ^Ascaropsis morrliuse, v. Ben. *Filaria echiuata, Linstoiv. Ileteraliis foveolata, Rud. Scolex polymorphus, Rud. Rhombus maximus, Linn. Turbot. *Zoogonoides viviparus, Olsson. ^Derogenes various, Muller. Lotliriocepbalus punctatus, Rud. Scolex polymorplius, Rud. Rhombus Icevis^ lioiidelet. Brill. Berogenes various, Midler. ^Ascaris collaris, Rud. Bleuronectes limanda, Linn. Bab. Z'jogonoides viviparus, Olsson. Steringopliorus furciger, Olsson. ^•Berogenes various, Muller. ^Berogenes cacozelus, sp. n. Ascaris capsularia, Rud. * Ascaris sp. Scolex polymorphus. 'Bleuronectes platessa^ Linn. Plaice. Zoogouoides viviparus, Olsson. Heteralds foveolata, Rud. Scolex polymorphus, R^id. Bleuronectes microcephcdus, Flem. Lemon- Bistomum sp. ^Ascaris sp. ^Ascaropsis (?) sp. (juven.). Stomach and intestine. Intestine. Body-cavity. Intestine. Intestine. Intestine. Ilectum. Stomach. Stomach. Intestine and rectum. lAritoneum. Intestine. Bectum. Stomach. Bectum. Stomach. Intestine and ^rectum. Bectum. Mouth, oesophagus, and stomach. Intestine. Intestine. ^Stomach. Intestine. Intestine and rectum. Stomach and intestine. Mouth, oesophagus, and stomach. Intestine. Peritoneum. Intestine and pyloric appendages. Intestine. Intestine and rectum. Intestine. Intestine. dab. Intestine. Intestine. Intestine. PllYSOSTOMI. Clupea harengus^ Linn. Herring. ^Hemiurus Liihei, Odhner. Agamonema capsularia, Dies. Anguilla vulgaris, Tint. Eel. Hemiurus appendiculatus, Rt(d. Lecithochirium rufoviride, Rud. ^Scolex polymorphus, Rud. Stomach and cascum. Peritoneum. Stomach. Stomach. Intestine. Kntozoa of British Marine Fishes. 73 T R E M A T O D A. Podocotyle atomon, llud. (PL I. figs. 2.) Bistoma simplex, Uiid. ?, Olsson, Lovinsen, Gronlanda Trematodfauna, ]). 8, pi. iii. lig. 1. Allocrendmm atomon (Hud.), Odlmer, Zool. Jalirb. Syst. xiv. p. 500, pi. 33. figs, 0, 10. Podocotyle atomon (Rud.), Odlmer, Fauna Arctica, iv. (2) p. 320, pi. ii. figs. 9, 10. Psilostomum redactum, sp. n., Nicoll, Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. (7) xvii. p. 525, pi. xiii. figs. 9, 10. This is a species which Odlmer regards as wrongly identified by Olsson* * * §, although the latter had some doubt on the matter himself. Olsson assigned his specimens to Distoma simplex, Rud., and was followed by Levinsen and Linton. Odlmer, by elucidating the structure of Distomum atomon, Rud., shows that they ought really to have been assigned to this species. He also includes Distomum re- flexum, Creplin, under this species, although he excludes the forms which Olsson t and Zschokke J identified as such. As Psilostomum redactum I described what I considered to be a distinct species, but I must now regard it as identical with Podocotyle atomon, Rud. Of RudolphPs Distoma simplex { = Fasciola aglefine, Muller) no specimens remain, so that Odlmer regards the species as unidentifiable. He omits notice of the fact that Van Beneden § found in Gadus eeglefinus what he apparently regarded as Distomum reglefine, Muller. Van Beneden is slightly confusing, for wdiile he marks the form sp. nov.^’ in his notes, without any attempt at description, the accom- panying figure is marked D, aglefiue, Muller, and we may suppose that this was his real intention. Von Linstow || notes both D. simplex, Rud., and D. aglefine, van Beneden, under Gadus . Ditto. Tail; ventral aspect. intestine ; anus. The drawings, with the exceptions of figs. 2, 4, 8, 9, were made from preserved specimens. VIII. — Descriptions of Fifteen Terrestrial MoUusca from South Africa. By James Cosmo Melvill, M.A., F.L.S., and John Henry Ponsonby, F.Z.S. [Plate VI.] Three year.s having now elapsed since our last communica- tion we now venture to otfer an eigditeenih contribution upon the subject, maiidy consisting of the descriptions of seven Ennecie several Helicoids, mostly collected by Miss Hickey, Messrs. J. McBean, J. Farquhar, and H. C. Burnnp, to whom our best acknowledgments are due, while we would * Ann. k Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 7, vol. xii. (December 1903), pp. 595 sipj. 05 Mollusca fro)u South A frica. take this opportunity of especially thanking the last-named for his continued valuable critical assistance. Ennea Alicioij sp. n. (PI. VF. tig. 1.) E. testa rimulata, obtuso-cylindrica, laevissima, pellucida, tenui, nitida, lubrica ; anfractibus 9, quorum apicales 3 subconici, caeteris ventricosulis, apud suturas improssis, ultimo paullum producto, ad basin arete striate ; apertura semicirculari, peristomate incras- sato, nitido, plicis dentibusve quatuor munito : plica parietali acinaciformi, acuta, intrante, dente labiali bi- vel tritido, magiio, plica basali incurva, columellari omnirio interna, bimamillata, magna, aperturam fere claudente. Long. 9-5, lat. 4*5 mm. Ilah. Makowe, Zululand (Burnup) . A large and handsome species, slightly recalling E. for- mosa., M. & P., iti general appearance; but it is a much smoother shell, with subconical apex, whorls broader and tun-shaped, mouth-processes differing in the absence of a colurnellar tooth, in the tendency of the labial tooth to become trifid, the internal colurnellar plait being almost identical in both species. To l\lrs. Alice Burnup, companion of her husband on so many successful expeditions in South Africa, this conspicuous Ennea is dedicated. Ennea johanneshurgensis, sp. n. (PI. VI. fig. 2.) E. testa parva, subrimata, dolioliformi, solidula, pallide straminea, apice obtusissimo ; anfractibus 7, paullum ventricosis, apud suturas impressis, undique longitudinaliter obliquistriatis ; apertura fere rotunda ; peristomate ^bo, nitido, incrassato : plica parietali acuta, intrante, fere recta, dente labiali acuto, basali obtuso, plica coiuuiellari conspicue et omnino intrante, rotundata, mammaeformi. Long. 6, lat. 2 mm. Hah. Johannesburg, Transvaal [McBean, Johnson). More than a dozen examples of this species have been inspected, besides one or two that were received a few years since from Mr. Johnson, shoi tly after his first arrival in !South Africa. One of these slightly exceeds 6 mm. in length. It belongs to the alliance of S. eximia^ Gollieri^ Wottoni^ M. & P., or infans, Craven, from which it chiefly differs in the presence of an obtuse basal tooth. Ennea phragma ^ , sp. n. (PL VI. fig. 3.) E. testa cylindrica, dolioliformi, apud basin pone labrum conspicue scrobiculata, recta, parva, pallide albo-straminea, apicem versus * ([ipayna, a palisade or fence. Messrs. J. 0. Melvill and J. IT. Ponsonby on Of) planata ; anfractibiis, inclusis apicalibus, 7, ad suturas impressis, undi(pie arete lonj^itudinaliter liratis, liris obliquis; apertura ovata; ])eristornate incrassato, sinuoso, albo, nitido, dentibus j)licisve quatiior muiiito : plica parietali conspicua, magnopere iiitraiite, dente labiali crasso, acute, basali parvo, plica colu- luellari bifida, superficialiter dentiformi, multum intraute, subtus mammaeforrai. Alt. 3-5, diam. 1’5 mm. Hah. Waku District, Catlicart, near the Klipplatz River {Miss Ilickei/'). Smaller, narrower, and more cylindrical than E. drakens- hergensis^ M. & P., and in general form more resembling E. caryatis^ M. & P., but differing from that species entirely' as regards the disposition of the oral plaits and teeth. It may be compared also with E. montana, M. & P., from Mountain Drive, Grrahamstown, the aperture of which is trigonous, with finer and closer spirals on the whorls. Ennca stauroiua*, sp. n. (PI. VI. fig. 4.) E. testa subrimata, ovato-oblonga, laevigata, nitida ; anfractibus, apicali incluso, 8, omnibus pellucidis, perlaevibus, vitreis ; aper- tura rotunda ; peristomate incrassato, nitente, albido, plicis dentibusve complicatis fortiter munito : plica parietali crassa, labiali magnopere intrante, 3- vel 4-partita, devia, dente basali minore, squarroso, plica columellari omnino interna, tridentata, magna, aperturam semiclaudente. Alt. 6, diam. 3 mm. Hah. Melmoth, Zululand, at 3000 feet, with no water near the spot'’^ [AHss Ilich-y). Several examples of a pellucid, very smooth and shining Ennea^ eight-whorled, oval or oval-oblong in form, with very complicated peristomatal processes, the most peculiar being the thrice or four times divided labial tooth or plait, proceeding deeply within, and irregularly serrulate. The moderately- sized basal tooth is squarely oblong, the columellar process wdiolly internal, half closing the orifice below. We take as the ty])e the ovate form. One specimen is decidedly oblong, in all other respects similar. Ennea vallaris^^ sp. n. (PI. VI. fig. 5.) E. testa breviter cylindrica, crassa, parva, solidula ; anfractibus 8, apice ipso obtusissimo, cseteris arctissime obliquicostulatis ; apertura subrotunda ; peristomate albo, nitido, crassiusculo, * cTTavpwixa, a palisade, from the oral processes, t Val/ans, belonging to a fortification or rampart. 97 Mollnsca from South Africa. plicis dentibusve 5 praedito : plica parietali acinaciformi, intrantc, plicis duabu8 labialibus, cxtus dentiforrnibus, longe intrantibua, denfce basali aimplicc, aciito, parvo, plica columellari raammaoformi, profunda, aperturam fere claudente. Alt. 4, diam. 1-5 mm. Hah. Meirnotb, Ziiluland (ilfm Tficlcey). Four examples, all precisely similar, of a small peculiarly incrassate species, something like E. crassidem^ Pfr., and other members of that alliance in miniature. The peiisto- matal processes are very marked, almost between them closing the roundish aperture. Erinea xysila sp. n. (PI. VI. figs. 6, 6 «.) E. testa recta, cylindrica, variabili, parum rimata, nunc majore, solida, albo-cinerea, longitudinaliter indistincte et oblique crassi- costata, nunc (var. hyalina) laevi, pellucente, nitida ; anfractibus 7-9, quorum apicales obtusissimi, subplanati, cmteris rectis ; apertura ovata vel ovato-rotunda ; peristomate nitido, albo, in- crassato, dentibus plicisve quinque instructo : plica parictali acuta, longe intrante, dentibus duobus labialibus, quorum superior bifidus, dente basali conspicuo, acuto, plica columellari omnino interna, magna, maraillata. Long. 5, lat. 2 mm. (sp. min., var. hyalina). „ 8, „ 3 „ (sp. maj.). Hah. Johannesburg, Transvaal {Johnson^ McBean) ; Pre- toria (^McBean) . A variable species, the smaller, very smooth, shining, transparent form (var. hyalina) offering considerable contrast to the large, more coarsely longitudinally striate shell which attains the maximum development as given above, and was collected by Mr. Johnson. The mouth-processes in both are virtually identical. With the larger form E. vanstaadensis^ M. & P., is comparable, as also are E. instahilis and ampullacea., Stur. [ = ohovataj Pir. ?), but our species differs in the more cylindrical contour and bolder disposition of peristomatal plaits. Another marked characteristic in E. xysila is the bifurcation of the upper labial tooth. Our best thanks are due to Mr. Henry C. Burnup for having devoted much time to the elucidation of this very interesting but variable species. Ennea zelota'\, sp. n. (PI. VI. fig. 7.) E. testa ovato-oblonga, politissima, obtecte rimata, apud apicem * ^vaiKos, smoothish. t (rjXcoTos, enviable. Ann. (k Mag. N. Hist. Ser. 7. VoL xix. 7 98 Messrs. J. C. Melvill and J. H. Ponsonby on obtusa, albo-hyalina, vel pallide straminea ; anfractibus 8, parum ventricosis, loevissirais, striis longitudinalibus fere evanidis, non- nisi apud basin (vel, in uno speciraine, obscurissirae juxta suturas) ; apertura ovata ; peristomate albo, nibido, sex plicis dentibusve instriicto : plica parietali conspicua, dente ad sinistram minute addito, dentibiis labialibus duobus, inferiore forti, bifido, superiore minute, dente basali bene definite, celiimellari magna, baud prefunde intrante. Leng. 5, lat. 2 mm. Hah. Port Shepstone {Bm^nup). A remarkable A'/iweri, without a near ally in the disposition of its very elaborate peristomatal processes. The sliell is smooth, shining, oblong-ovate, remarkably obtuse, with only occa- sional faint signs of striation ; there exists a small parietal tooth near the strong deep-seated plait; the labial teeth are two in number, the lower being very well defined and bifid ; the basal and columellar teeth are likewise conspicuous. Naialina arguta sp. n. (PL VI. fig. 8.) N. testa profunde umbilicata, Igete rufo-brunnea, depresso-orbiculari, undiqiie arete longitudinaliter striata, apud basin nitidiore ; an- fractibus ad 5, ventricosulis, ultimo magno ; apertura rotundo- lunari ; peristomate, prsecipue apud regionem columellarem, paullum reflexo. Alt. 14, diam. 21 mm. Hah. East London (Biirniip). Allied to A. Trimeni^ M. & P., that species being more globose, of olivaceous rather than rufous-brown hue, not so regularly striate throughout, the base being smoother and far more shining, the umbilicus narrow, and aperture slightly oblique. N. arguta^ in brief, is a brighter-coloured and handsomer form in every way. Natalina instgnts, sp. n. (PI. VI. fig. 9.) A. testa magna, depresso-globosa, profunde sed anguste umbilicata, sordide olivacea ; anfractibus ad 5, convexiusculis, longitudinaliter rudi-striatis, striis irregularibus, subtus apud basin nitidam fere evanidis ; apertura rotundo-lunari ; peristomate apud marginem paullum incrassato, ad umbilicum triangulatim reflexo. Alt. 23, diam. 30 mm. (sp. maj.). Huh. Teafontein, Grahamstown. May be compared with N. euynactaj M. & P., a more ♦ Arffutus^ clear, distinct. 99 Mollusca from South Africa, globular species, and lihytida Kraussii, Pfr.* We have only as yet seen two examples of this interesting mollusk, the first being in the British Museum (Natural History). This is taken as the type. Ildicarion astlienes t, sp. n. (PI. VI. fig. 10.) H. testa ampla, suborbiculari, laete olivacea, vel rufescenti-cornea, teimi ; spira dcpresso-conica, tenui ; anf'ractibus 5, ultimo rapide accrescente, magno, superficie undique sericea, paullum nitida (prmcipiie ad basin in statu juvenili) ; apertura lata, ovali ; peristomate tenuissimo. Alt. 13, diam. 21 mm. Hah, Cradock (/. Farquhar), A brightly coloured shell, o£ a yellowish or rufous olive, somewhat depressed, thin, effuse ; surface entirely silky, shining only in young examples basally. In size approxi- mating//./wsaWor, M. & P., which is only four-whorled, with slightly iridescent epidermis, and of a peculiar warm sepia coloration. Trachycystis paula^ sp. n. (PI. VI. fig. 11.) T. testa minuta, umbilicata, depresso-globosa, cornea, tenui ; an- fractibus 4, ventricosis, undique longitudinaliter sparsim lirato- plicatis, liris irregularibus, rarius arctis, hie illic rugulosis, obliquis ; apertura rotunda ; peristomate tenui, apud umbilicum triangulatim reflexo. Alt. 1, diam. 1*75 mm. Hah, Johannesburg [J, McBean). Very small, with narrow but deep umbilicus, depressedly globose, four-whorled, the plaited lirse being irregular, obliquely disposed, sometimes wrinkled, and rarely close-set. A few specimens. It seems comparable with T, somerset- ensis^ M. & P.J, both of these species being only provisionally located in the genus Trachycyslis. Trachycystis rotula, sp. n. (PI. VI. figs. 12, 12 a.) T. testa minuta, depressa, profundissime umbilicata, cornea, delicata, tenui, interne circa basin concentrice sulcata ; anfractibus 5-6, * The opportunity may be taken to mention that further comparison of Dorcasia inhluzana, M. & P. (Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. 1894, vol. xiv. p. 91, pi. i. fig. 4; 1895, vol. xv. pi. xii. figs. 6, 0«), with Rhytida Kraussii, Pfr., convinces us they must, if not varieties of each other, be placed in the same genus, t d ; at its base this ridge expands into a broad, heart-shaped, imedian leaf, which overlaps and conceals the lateral margins c-‘f the horseshoe. i:u the Bats of the Family Megadermatidae, Tragus. — Both lobes propoitionally long and narrow, as compared with those of Eucheira. Range. — From the Indian Peninsula and Ceylon eastward as far as the Philippines, Celebes, and Ternate. Species. — Three, viz. : M, spasmaj M, carimatoe, M. na~ tunce. Nomenclature. — The name Megaderma was proposed by Geoffrey in 1810 {1. s. c.). The author describes the four species included by him in Megaderma in tlie following order: — M. lyra^ M. frons., M. tr {folium ^ M. spasma. But M. spasma is mentioned in the description of the genus in advance of all other species je me suis cm fond^a considerer le V. spasma et ses congenbres comme formant un groupe isole/^ p. 190), and in a short summary (p. 197) which professes to give a view of the species in their proper order (‘‘dans Fordre de leurs rapports ^^) Geoffroy heads the list with M. trifolium^ i. e. the western race of M. spasma* In accordance with the generally accepted view we therefore regard M. spasma as the type of the genus. Key to the Forms* A. Size smaller : skull 25-27 mm. a. Ears shorter: from crown 27'0-30’0 mm. . . 1. M. spasma. a' . Lower leg averaging shorter : 28-29-5 mm. la. M. s. spasma. b'. Lower leg averaging longer : 29'o-33'5 mm. 15. M. s, trifolium. b. Ears longer : from crown 31'4-35 mm 2. M. carimatce. B. Size larger : skull 28'5 mm 3. M. natunce. 1. Megaderma spasma^ L. Diagnosis. — Size in every respect smaller than in M. na~ tunas ; ears shorter than in M. carimatce. Details. — Distinguishable at a glance from M. natunce by the conspicuously smaller size, especially of the skull and teeth. Total length of skull to front of canines 25-27 mm., in M. natunce 28'5 mm. ; length of upper tooth-row [c-m^) 9‘5-10*5 mm., in M. natunce 11*4 mm. ; forearm 53-62 mm., in M* natunce 63 mm.* From M. carimatce it differs only by its somewhat shorter ears. Range. — The same as that of the genus. Races. — Two, viz. : M. spasma spasma^ M. spasma trifolium, * We give in the letterpress a few principal dimensions only; a detailed comparative table of measurements will be found at the end of the paper (p. 144). V 9» 132 Messrs. K. Andersen and R. C. Wroughton on 1 a. Megaderma spasma spasma, L. 1734. Glis volans Ternatunus, Seba, Thesaur. p. 90, pi. Ivi. fig. 1. 1758. Vespertilio spasma, Linnaeus, Syst. Nat. ed. x. p. 32. 1810. Meyaderma spasma, L. ; Geoffroy, Ann. Mus. d’llist. Nat. xv. p. 195. 1843. Meyaderma philijppinensis, Waterhouse, P. Z. S. p. 09. Diagnosis. — Lower leg averaging shorter; 28-29*5 mm. Specimens examined. — 6 (2 skins) and 6 skulls, from Qelebes (3), Philippines (3). Range. — Ternate,^^ Celebes, Philippines. Nomenclature. — Linn^’s Vespertilio spasma was based on Seba^s ^^Glis volans Ternatanus.” Having had no speci- mens from Ternate for examination, we use the name spasma for the race here under consideration, the habitat of which is the nearest to Ternate. Waterhouse described AI. pfiilippin^ ensis from specimens collected by Cuming, some of which are now in the British Museum Collection. They are in every respect indistinguishable from Celebes individuals. 1 h, Alegaderma spasma trifolium^ GeofF. 1810. Meyaderma trifolium, Geoffroy, Ann. Mus. d’Hist. Nat. xv. p. 193. 1851. Meyaderma , Horsfield, Cat. Mamm. Mus. E. I. Co. p. 32. 1863. Meyaderma Horsfieldi, Blyth, Cat. Mamm. Mus. As. Soc. Beng. p. 23. Diagnosis. — Lower leg averaging longer : 29*5-33*5 mm. Details. — AI. s. trifolium can only be distinguished from AI. s. spasma by its rather longer lower leg. The skull, teeth, and external characters are otherwise the same in the two races. Specimens examined. — 29 (16 skins) and 29 skulls, from Ceylon (3), W. India (4), Siam and Cochin China (8), Penang (2), Singapore (3), Sumatra (2), Java (6), Borneo (1). Geoffroy’s M. trifolium. — Type locality : Java. Geoffroy compared his Javan bat with Seba’s plate of Glis volans Ternatanus (Linnets V. spasma), and found it to differ in the shapes of the posterior leaf and the tragus; he therefore described it as a new species, Al. trifolium. . AVe have examined specimens from Java and can find no validity in these alleged characters. The name trifolium is the earliest available for the form here under consideration. Blythes AI. Horsfieldi. — In 1851 (/. s. c.) Horsfield described a Aiegaderma “ from Continental India, contributed by E. Blyth, Esq., on behalf of the Asiatic Society of BengaL"; no name was proposed by Horsfield ; it was characterized by 133 the Bats of the Family Megadermatidas. tlie absence of transverse lines ” from the membrane along the sides of the abdomen, and the presence of regularly parallel ridges at the base of the ear/'’ The British Museum possesses a specimen (skin, no. 60. 5. 4. 13), received from the India House Collection, which is iji all probability the actual individual referred to by Horsfield ; the peculiarities emphasized by him are partly due to bad preparation of the specimen and partly are quite individual. In 1863 {1. s. c.) Blyth proposed the name Horsjieldi for the species described but left unnamed by Horsfield. 'When the late Dr. J. Anderson (Cat. Mamm. Ind. Mus. p. 21, 1881) registered as “ types ” of M. Horsjieldi two specimens obtained by Mr. Theobald in Tenasserim he was undoubtedly in error. Blytl/s M. Horsjieldi was, as already pointed out, based on Horsfield'’s Megaderma ” from Continental India. 2. Megaderma carimatoBj Miller. 1906. Megaderma carimatce, Gerrit S. Miller, Jun., Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. xxxi. no. 1481, p, 65. The species is known to us only from the published account. Type locality: Karimata Island. According to Miller, it differs from M. spasma only in the smaller size and larger ears. The former character must be dropped ; Miller gives as length of the forearm (five males and four females) 53*6- 58'6 mm., as against 57-61 mm. in Al, spasma (seven females, Malay Peninsula, i. e, M. s. trijolium of the present paper) : but, first. Miller has compared his il/. carimatce with females only of Af, spasma, and females of this species average larger than males ; second, we find in twenty-nine individuals of Al. s. trijolium the forearm varying between 53 and 62 mm. There remains the alleged greater length of the ears in AI. carimatce : measured from the crown “ 31*4-35 mm.’^ (Aliller) against 27-29 mm.'’"’ {Alillei') in AL spasma ; we find that similar measurements for M, s, trijolium range from 27-30 mm. (Malay specimens 28-29 mm.). 3. Alegaderma natunce^ sp. n. Diagnosis. — In every respect larger than AI, spasma. Details. — The differences between AI. natunce and AI. spasma have been pointed out above under the latter species (p. 131). Type. — ^ ad. (in ale.). Bungaran Island, N. Natunas. Collected by A. Everett, Esq. British Museum no. 94. 9. 28. 30. Range. — As yet known from the type specimen only. 134 Messrs. K. Andersen and R. C. Wrougliton on II. Eucheira, Hodgs. 1847. Eucheira, Hodgson, J. A. S. B, xvi. p. 891, footnote (September 1847). 1872. Lyroderma, Peters, MR. Akad. Berl. p. 195 (18th March, 1872). Diagnosis. — See Kev/^ above, p. 130. Skull. — Frontal sliield as in Megaderma. Prenasal notch deeper, measured from the cingulum of canine about ^ of total length of skull. Teeth. — A small present. Cusp 3 of moved con- siderably backward ; the posterior triangle (formed by cusps 2, 3, 5) at least double the size of the anterior (formed by cusps 2, 4). Cusp 2 moved inward and tending to dis- appear, being represented only by a small tubercle, much below the level of the other cusps. Antero-internal basal cusp of upper canine very strongly developed, more so than in Megaderma. JSose-leof. — Posterior leaf a rectangle, with slightly convex sides, twice as long as the median leaf; median longitudinal ridge (fold) as in Megaderma, but its junction with median leaf forming an obtuse angle on each side, strongly con- trasting with the sharply acute angles formed in Megaderma. Range. — Indian Peninsula; S. China; there seems as yet to be no record of this genus from Burma. Species. — Two, viz. : E. lyra, E. sinensis. Hodgson^s Eucheira. — Type species, E. schistacea, Hodgs., = Megaderma lyra, Geoff. The generic name Eucheira was proposed by Hodgson because the phalangeal system [of E. schistacea] is apparently irreconcilable with Cuviei-’s general and Geoffroy^s particular definitions^^ of the common structure of the wing in Chiroptera; but at the same time the description and figure of the wing of schistacea, as given by Hodgson himself, are those of a quite normal Megadermine wing, and liis schistacea is undoubtedly nothing but the well- known “ Megadermad^ lyra. Although, therefore, the whole basis on which Hodgson founded the genus Eucheira is a mistake, still the name, as being the earliest in date, will have to stand according to the current nomenclatural rules. The name Eucheira has apparently been overlooked by suc- ceeding writers and is not mentioned in Palmei-’s ^ index Geneium Mammalium.^ Feters^ Lyroderma. — Type species. Megaderma lyra, Geoff. The characters given by Peters for the “ subgenus Lyro- derma are the shape of the nose-leaf, the flatness of the Irontal shield, and the absence of postorbital processes. The name Lyroderma is antedated by Hodgson^s Eucheira. the Bats of the Famity Megaderm atidoo. 135 Key to the Forms. A. Skull smaller: 27’8-29 mm. ; preriasal notch pos- teriorly wider, flattened 1. E. lyra. a. On the average larger : forearm 65-69 mm \a, E. 1. lyra. h. On the average smaller : forearm 63-68 mm. . . \h. E. 1. caurina, B. Skull larger : 29'3-32 mm. ; prenasal notch narrower, rounded posteriorly 2. E. sinensis. 1. Eucheira lyra, GeofF. Chief characters. — Skull and teeth markedly smaller than in E. sinensis. Total length of skull 27*8-29 mm., in E. sinensis 29*3-32 ram. ; upper tooth-row 10*8-11*5 mm., in E. sinensis 11*5-12*1 mm. Prenasal notch proportionally rather shorter, wider behind, posterior margin flattened. Range. — Indian Peninsula. Races. — Two : E. lyra lyra and E. lyra caurina, 1 a. Eucheira lyra lyra, GeofF. 1810. Megaderma lyra, Geoffroy, xAnn. Mus. d’Hist. Nat. xv. p. 190. 1839. Vespertilio (^Megaderma) carnatica, Elliot, Madr. Journ. vol. x. p. 96. 1814. Megaderma spectrum, Wagner, in Hiigel’s Kaschmir, iv. p. 569. 1847. E. sckistacea, Hodgson, J. xA. S. B. xvi. p. 889. Characters. — The present race can only be distinguished from E. 1. caurina by average characters : skull 29-29*5 mm., upper tooth-row 11*1-11*5, forearm 65-69, against 27*8-28*3, 10*8-11, 63-64 respectively in E. 1. caurina. Specimens examined. — 18 (16 skins) and 20 skulls, viz. : ^‘Madras^^ (11); Secunderabad (1), Bengal (6). Range. — Indian Peninsula, east of 75° E. Geojfrofs Megaderma lyra. — Type locality : one of the Dutch factories in India, probably East Coast of Madras. Geoftroy separated lyra as a distinct species on account of the shape and size of the nose-leaf (“Feuille rectangulaire, la follicule de moitie plus petite, 1. s. c.). Elliotts Megaderma carnatica. — Type locality : Southern Maratha Country. Elliot relied on the presence of only three teeth in the upper row behind the canine to justify the separation of carnatica, but he seems himself to have been in doubt as to the validity of the species, inasmuch as he adlei “ M. lyra ? ” The British Museum has several specimens collected by Elliot, all of them unquestionably lyra. Hodgson’s Eucheira schistacea. — Type locality: Siligori, N.E. Bengal. Hodgson left Nepal for good in 1844, and the context (/. s. c.) shows that he had never seen any species 136 Messrs. K. Andersen and R. C. Wrougliton on of the family Megadermatidae until he obtained the examples on which he based schistacea ; these specimens, when later on acquired by the British Museum, were wrongly labelled Nepal (see Scully, J. A. S. B. Ivi. pt. ii. no. 3, p. 234, 1887). Hoclgson^s specimens, as well as his published figure of the bat, show that schistacea is nothing but E. lyra lyra. Wagner^ s Megaderma spectrum. — Type locality : Kashmir. Apparently based on a single specimen (Baron Hiigebs collections). According to Wagner, M. spectrum has only four teeth behind the upper canine (/. e. one premolar only) : but bearing in mind that is present in all known Oriental representatives of the family Megadermatidas (this small tooth is wanting only in the Ethiopian genera Lavia and Cardio- derma and the Australian Macroderma) ; farther, that Wagner^s description of M. spectrum is based throughout on a comparison with M. frons {Lavia frons\ not with E. lyra^ with which last he seems to have been unacquainted ; again, that p^j when present in bats of this family, is extremely small, hidden on the internal side of the tooth-row, and therefore very easily overlooked when not searched for ; and, finally, that Wagner^s figure of M. spectrum differs in no appreciable respect from an ordinary E. lyra — there can be no reasonable doubt that W agner^s statement as to the number of teeth was wrong ; if so, the whole basis of the supposed new species breaks down. 1 h, Eucheira lyra caurina^ subsp. n. Characters. — See above, under E. 1. lyra (p. 135). Specimens examined. — 8 skins and skulls, all from the West Coast of India. Type. — ? ad. skin. Surat District, W. India. Collected by il. C. Wrougliton, Esq. B.M. no. 98. 4. 2. 2. Range. — India, west of 77° E. 2. Eucheira sinensis ^ sp. n. Characters, — Size somewhat larger than E. lyra ; see comparative measurements under that species above (p. 135). Prenasal notch proportionally rather longer, narrowed behind, posterior margin rounded. Specimens examined, — 2 skins and skulls, viz. Swatow (1), Amoy (1). Type, — Adult (unsexed), skin and skull. Amoy, S. China. Tomes Collection. B.M. no. 7. 1. 1. 339. Range. — S. China. the Bats of the Family Megaclermatida3. 137 III. Macroderma, Miller. 1900. Macroderma, Gerrit S. Miller, Jun., Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. xix. p. 84 (4th June, 1906). Diagnosis. — See “ Key/^ p. 130. Skull. — Frontal shield wider in front tlian behind ; its anterior angles raised into the same plane as the posterior (in the two preceding genera the anterior angles are depressed to the bases of the maxillary processes of the zygomatic arches) ; anteorbital swellings obliterated (distinct in Megaderma and Eucheira) ; as a consequence of these modifications the whole area of the pentagonal frontal shield flat and all its angles sharply and strongly defined. Prenasal notch still longer than in Eucheira (measured from cingulum of canines about i of total length of skull) ; posteriorly pointed, not rounded or flattened as in Megaderma and Eucheira. Teeth. — yS absent. Cusp 3 of moved backward as in Eucheira j cusp 2 moved inward to a line between cusps 1 and 5, almost obliterated ; cusp 4 much reduced, markedly below the level of the remaining cusps. Antero-internal basal cusp of upper canines strongly developed. Eose-leaf. — Posterior leaf ovoid as in M.egadermaj double the length of the median leaf as in Eucheira ; median leaf shaped as in Eucheira. Front margin of horseshoe plicate, suggesting a rudimentary form of the much more complicated structure in Lavia. Tragus. — Both lobes short and broad, even more so than in Eucheira. Range. — Central Queensland. Species. — One, viz. M. gigas. Eomenclature. — The genus Macroderma was established by Miller (Z. s. c.) iox Megaderma gigas and characterized by the absence of the shape of the frontal shield, and the much greater development of the cartilaginous premaxillaries. Macroderma gigas, Dobs. 1880. Megadei'ma gigas, Dobson, P. Z. S. p. 461, pi. xlvi. Diagnosis. — Forearm 103-104 mm. Specim.ens examined. — 2 (1 skin) and 2 skulls, from Central Queensland. Range. — As yet known only from Central Queensland. 138 Messrs. K. Andersen and R. C. Wrougliton on IV. La VIA, Gray. 1838. Lavut^ Gray, Mag. Zool. Bot. ii. p. 490. .DiognosU. — See “ Key,^^ p. 130. Skull. — Frontal shield parallel-sided, but appearing wider behind, owing to development of the posterior pair of angles into long ])rocesses; otherwise as in Prenasal notch about the same proportional length as in Eucheira^ showing a tendency to become pointed behind in some indi- viduals (compare Macrodermd). Teeth. — j/ absent. All five cusps of m} equally developed and placed in a regular W. Antero-internal basal cusp of upper canine about as in Megaderma. Nose-leaf. — Posterior leaf in shape a long triangle, with sliglitly convex sides and truncated apex, three times as long as the median leaf ; median longitudinal fold gradually widening anteriorly, the junction with the median leaf forming no appreciable angle on each side ; median leaf small, with a lobe on each side anteriorly which reaches to the margin of the horseshoe and covers the nostrils ; horse- shoe with a notch on each side in front, between which the front margin of the horseshoe is produced into a free lobe ; the sides of this lobe folded together downward, and then the whole turned backw^ard to lie on the face of the median leaf. Tragus. — External lobe very long. Range. — W. Coast of Africa, from Cape Verd to the mouth of the Niger ; Upper Nile Valley; Uganda; British and German East Africa. Species. — One, viz. Lavia frons. Nomenclature. — Type species of the genus, Megaderma frons, Geoff. Gray proposed the generic name Lavia on account of the shape of the nose-leaf and frontal shield and the absence of ju'h 1. Lavia frons, Geoff. Characters and Range. — Those of the genus. Races. — Two, viz. Lavia frons frons and Lavia frons affinis. 1 a. Lavia frons frons, Geoff. 1759. Za Feuille, Daubenton, M^m. Acad. Sci. Paris, p. 388. 1800. ? Vespertilio mecjalotis, Bechstein, in Pennant’s Uebersiebt der vierfiiss. Thiere, p. 022. 1810. Megaderma frons, Geoffrey, Ann. Mus. d’llist. Nat. xv. p. 192. 1905. lAivia rex, Gerrit S. Miller, Jim., Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash, xviii. p. 227 (9th Becember, 1905). 139 the Bats of the Family Megaderm atlda3. Diagnosis, — Average size larger. Details. — Can only be discriminated from L. f. affinis by average characters : forearm 5G-62 mm., skull 21:‘5-26, upper tooth-row 9-10, as against 52-58 rnm., 23'5-21, 8*7-9 re- spectively in L.f. affinis. Specimens examined. — 33 (21 skins) and 23 skulls, viz. Gambia (0), Kumasi (1), N. Nigeria (2), Kordofan (4), liuweiizori (4), Uganda (0), British East Africa (10). Range. — Tlie same as that of the genus (above, p. 138), with the exception of Bahr-el-Ghazal. Bechsieiids V. megalotis. — Under the name V. megalotis Bechstein describes a bat taken by Levaillant in Great Namaqualand, which, from the absence of the tail and the presence of nose-leaf and tragus, was clearly a member of the family Megadermatid^e. But no species has in recent times been recorded from Africa south of 15° S., and the measurements quoted by Bechstein are so strange (rendered from German inches into millimetres: nose-leaf 35 mm.; body 78 mm.; ear 70 (!) mm.; expanse 210 mm.) that it appears safer to leave Levaillanf’s bat unidentified. Geoffroy’s Megaderma frons. — Type locality : Senegal. Geoffrey’s descidption is based, not on actual specimens, but on Daubenton'’s description of La Feuille"’'’ (/. s. c.), which is undoubtedly the species here under consideration, being a 'bat with an ovate nose-leaf, ^^posee verticalement, qui ressemble a une feuille,^^ huit lignes de longueur sur six de largeur,^^ with the ears prbs de deux fois aussi grandes que la membrane’^ [f. e. the nose-leaf], and united par la moitid de la longueur de leur bord interne,^^ with a long, narrow, pointed tragus, with no tail, with the fur “ d^une belle couleur cendiee, avec quelque teinte de jaun^tre,"’^ with § incisors, ^ cheek-teeth, and inhabiting Senegal. Milled s Lavia rex. — Type locality ; Taveta, German East Africa. Miller relies for the discrimination of L. rex on its greater external dimensions, longer mandible, and heavier teeth: “ forearm 60 mm.,^'’ “ mandible 17*8,^^ maxillary tooth- row 9*2,^^ instead of ^*56 mm.,'’^ ‘^15*2'’^ mm., and “8*2 mm."’' respectively in L. frons. These measurements, as well as all the others given by Miller, place it beyond doubt that his L. rex is L. frons frons and that the reason for his describing it as new was that he compared it, not with the true L. frons f'ons, but with the smaller race described in this paper as L. frons affinis. 140 Messrs. K. Andersen and R. C. W rougliton on 1 h. Lavia frons affiais, subsp. n. Diagnosis. — Average size smaller. Details. — Comparative measurements are given above under L. frons frons (p. 139). Type. — S at]* skin. Kaka, White Nile. Collected by R. M. Hawker, Esq. B.M. no. 1. 8. 8. 3. Specimens examined. — 8 (7 skins) and 6 skulls, viz. White Nile (5), Lake No (1), Lado (1), Wadelai (1). The British Museum possesses a somewhat damaged skull without skin from Cape Coast Castle (Gold Coast) which seems to belong to this race, and Miller^s specimen of L. frons referred to above under L. f. frons (p. 139) appears also to belong to the present race ; so it is possible that the range of affinis extends westward to the coast. V. Cardioderma, Peters. 1873. Cardioderma, Peters, MB. Akad. Berlin, p. 488 (23rd June, 1873). Diagnosis. — See Key,^^ p. 130. Skull, — Frontal shield parallel-sided; the centre longitu- dinally depressed, so as to form a ‘‘ trough ; all the angles sharply defined, but not produced into processes as in Lavia, Prenasal notch about as long as in Megaderma total length of skull), flatly rounded posteriorly. Teeth, — p"^ absent. Cusp 3 of about as in Megaderma, Antero-internal basal cusp of upper canine absent. Nose-leaf. — As in Megaderma^ but a distinct trace of antero-lateral lobes of the median leaf, as in Lavia ; in Megaderma, Eucheira^ and Macroderma these lobes are merely indicated by faint depressions in the margin of the median leaf. Tragus. — Both lobes veiy short ; the inner flatly rounded at top and excavate at the base in front, so that it seems directed inward rather than upward. liange. — East Africa : Zanzibar, Mombasa, Somali. Species. — One, C, cor. Nomenclature. — Type species of the genus, Megaderma cor. In 1872 Peters described Megaderma cor, and in the following year proposed for this species the subgeneric name Gardio- derma without any further characterization. 141 the Bats of the Family Megadermatidoe. Cardioderma cor^ Ptrs. 1872. Megaderma coVy Peters, MB. Akad. Berl. (18th March, 1872) p. 194. Specimens examined. — 10 (3 skins) and 8 skulls, viz. Zanzibar (2), Mombasa (2), Somali (6). Peters^ Megaderma cor, — Type locality : Abyssinia. Peters based his diagnosis of Megaderma cor on the shape and size of the nose-leaf and tragus. Wing-structure. The four families Nycteridse, Megadermatidae, Hippo- sideridae, and Khinolophid^ are rather closely inter-related ; they have probably had a common origin. When trying to form an idea of the stage of development at which the wing- structure of the Megadermatidae has arrived, it is therefore fair to compare them with such species of the other families as have, in this respect, remained on a low level, f. i. Hippo- siderus diadema. In H. diadema the third metacarpal is the longest, the fifth the shortest, the indices of the third, fourth, and fifth metacarpals being, respectively, 716, 696, and 640; that this is a primitive condition needs hardly any comment (a similar mutual length of the metacarpals is found in many primitive fruit-bats). In the Megadermatidse the third metacarpal is the shortest, the fifth the longest, the indices being 727, 784, and 845 ; the third metacarpal, it will be noticed, has retained practically the same length (727) in proportion to the forearm as in II. diadema (716), whereas the fourth and, still more, the fifth have been very considerably lengthened. In H. diadema the first phalanx of the third digit (index : 329) is somewhat less than half the length of the third metacarpal (716) ; in the Megadermatidae it is decidedly lengthened (index: 404), being always more than one half of the metacarpal (727). The first phalanx of the fourth digit has retained the same length in proportion to the forearm as in H. diadema (242 against 237); the first phalanx of the fifth digit is slightly lengthened (280 against 247). In H. diadema the second phalanx of the third digit (327) is only equal in length to the first phalanx (329) ; in the Megaderniatida3 it is enormously lengthened (693), being almost \ of the first phalanx (404). In H. diadema., t\\Q distal phalanges of the fourth and fifth digits are considerably shorter than the proximal phalanges; in the Megadermatidae the second phalanx of the fourth digit is at least equal to J42 Messrs. K. Andersen and R, C. AVrougliton on Q. o o Oi Ci o X X 1^ OS oT Ol 05 Ol Ol 01 'So (M ’Xi -d 00 oi Oi '• CO CD o CD O o lO CD X 05 00 L- 1. ' CD a rH X Ol CO OJ CO t-- . CD r— 1 Ol CD Oi Ol CO CD CD CO • 5^ H o lO Ol X -rH 05 00 05 05 CD O Ol (/a CO X ■cri X 1 CO 1 ca uo o X 1 CD 1 CO r-H Ol Ol 1— Jtr- i> 1 g 1 1 S c r~ ) > o 8 8 o o o 8 i C > o o ) o o I— 1 1-H 1-H i-H rH } 1 i c? : I ^ • I ^ ^ i 1 1 s C5 o ; cc CC 1 a w a ! cT “ £ ! CO g s !2h CD S CO a s K cc 1— ( <0 xn O '' ' •S a CD CO a CO g s :! ^ 1^ ' — ^ I- a 2 ^ g s ce 1 1 •§ s 1 s§' ^ ' § § g,» 1 ^ ! [Macroderma^ Lavia), but often much longer than [Mega- dermoy EucheWa, Cardioderma)^ the first phafanx ; the second phalanx of the fifth digit is in all genera of Mega- dermatidge approximately equal to, or rather longer than, the U3 the Bats of the Family Megadermatldae. first phalanx, except in Macroderma^ in which it has remained rather short. Tlie total result of these modifications is best realized by a comparison of tlie total index of tlie third, fourth, and fifth dio;its: in Megaderm atidae 1824, 1303, and 1404, as against 1372, 1106, and 1081 in H. diadema and allied species. The greatest increase (452) falls on the third digit, the next (323) on the fifth, the smallest (197) on the fourth; i. e. the area of the wing in the family Megadermatidae is enormously increased in size, the wing being at the same time much more pointed (lengthening of third digit in proportion to fourth) and much broader (lengthening of fifth digit in proportion to fourth). General Remarks. The five genera of Megadermatidae are referable to two fundamental types. In the one, represented by Megaderma^ Eucheira^ and Macroderma^ the frontal shield of the skull is but moderately developed, the median external cusp (cusp 2) of the upper m’- is more or less on the point of disappearance, and, with the exception of the somewhat aberrant Macro- derma, they have preserved the small anterior upper premolar (p^). In the other group, represented by Lavia and Gardio- derma, the frontal shield is largely developed, giving the skull a quite peculiar aspect, the median external cusp of the upper is of normal (or almost normal) size and has completely disappeared. The former group is Oriental, Malayan, and Australian, the latter Ethiopian. Megaderma and Eucheira, from the Malay Archipelago and S. Asia, are very closely related, differing in no other important respects than the degree oi modification of the cusps of the upper molars, the size of the prenasal notch, and the size and shape of the tragus. In having cusp 2 oi nd still more reduced in size, cusp 3 still more posterior in position, and the prenasal notch still deeper, the strictly continental Eucheira is clearly on a higher level of development than the Malayan and continental Megaderma. The Australian Macroderma is undoubtedly an offshoot of the Megaderma-Eucheira branch ; broadly speaking, it accords with these latter genera in the general shape of the frontal shield, the strong reduction of cusp 2 of and the posterior position of cusp 3 of nd, but it has completely lost and the prenasal notch is unusually deep and different in shape. The two Ethiopian genera Lavia and Cardioderma, forming the second section of the family, are closely related inter se. 2 < CO I' p 13 p OJ |2«3 ^ -• O ‘O >0 O ‘P CO O O lO o O O O O O >0 CO O lO UO M S S ci oj do oi lb 00 1-- oi cb ~ ~ ' ’" ••■-•••••-• i a S 3 01rtli-lr-iC0(Mr-l,-i p p ip Ip ip O >P Ip >0 O vp O lO O O ‘O O t- lO CO CO r-i o oi ^ o lb C5 p do do CO ■b' 05 >b o lb C5 o IC CO r-H CO CO ' o ip O ip o d i cb cb 00>0 0i000>f5 00i0 0 do Ah CO '■■ ■■ ■■ ■ ■' ~ '■■ lO do Ah CO 't' -bi lb lb lA -i cb O Ah ll— l-^i— Ir— iCOOip o o o 05 05 O liO r-l o tb O'OOOOOipOiOiOiOiO'^iO did5d-jcbAHAHcbdicbAH65cb co dodbds lOC0 04CO't’>-lr-l^ ---■ THOlTHlOrH,-llOr-l(MCO(Mi-Hr-H o o o o do 05 O Ah lO p p p P ip p p P P ip p p O ip O lO CO lO O 00 HH a oAHOiAncb --HiO . d. cb (di Ah do do do di Ah lb cb do o dq do ;COiOCOlOlOr-lCMO(M(MCOCOi-ip r-li-lr-l : ^ 'ipoopooooooocoio^ooioio lb do cb CO di cb o do CDO lA do cb> dq lA o Ah dq CO^(M^lOi-H(MlO.-li-ICOCOq'-< rHi-H,-H pp'PPp’pppppop-^pppP'M .AHd5iAibcbibAHOO(jidocbdo(ditb(X)oAH(M ;CO-^(MplQr-i(MirOT-lrHCOCMr-Hl-l i-IrHr-l •popoi-opiooioioooo— iOt:^t-C»l> cododocboAHdocb£^i^cqi:,(fici)i_t,(d5oAH CO'^CM^lOr-Hr-tlOi— Ir-HCOOqr-li— .3 ^ ^ a W M «d (M 3 3 "3 EHr« m g I ^ a .3 a ^ a lO ip oppoopopoopiopioicopioifo do Ah d5o65iAibdodqoo65AHcbdqt-doO'-Hdq pOr-HOr-lOCOlOM'^lOr-KMCDCMr-lOOCMi-H^ i-Hi-Ht-I lb Ah rA lA '^'^P’^P ppiOppOOpOOOOpiOppr^TH cb Ah lb do do do 05 cb t- cb lA rV Ah 05 dq o lA o Ah (cq 1—1 1— I COTHCM^Htlr-Hi— lio— 'i-lCOMi— |1-H ^^r-H c3 00 ^ 02 OipiCOiOO'OOiOt-OOiOiOiOipCDiCiOOOCOOOTH-^O c:d^6d^b^C5cbb'd^AHOcodoAHdodolbdc*AHdoiA-AAHd^ COrHCMl-lr-l CO-tlCM-lflOi-Hi-llCl-lr-lCOCMr^r-H ^r-Hr-l CO CO 1 ^ rH rH CM — ai "a ^ 3 "o p ^ a H 3 CQ M CQ coq ^ 1 xn 3 3 A2 .3 "c P ^ a H 44 OQ 1-1 CQ § a ^ a 3 3 § 3 OiOpOOOOOpOOOOOOCiipoOCOiOOOiOp dodic5AHAHd5dqAHAjHO(^4iQ4H03dodidoAHibiAdioAH COi— ii— irHr-H OrHCMcHTHi— iCMiQi-Hi— iCOMi— ii— I i— ii— i OOOiOOiOOt^OOOiOiOOiOOiOcDOOOiOCOiOiO ^ -• lOOCOiOOCOOOOiOOiOOOOiOiOOOOOiOOO cs a ciodqooAHccd5AHdicbibcoo5cbdoibd5do--Hibt^dooAH ^a COr-l(Mi— li— i lO-'T'CMCO'^i— li-HUOi— IrHCMCMi-Hr-l i— Ir— I a a* iOiOOOipicOOOOOpicoOppOOOCOi5 2 ibodo(05d;^At COl— IrH 1-1 IOCOCMCOtHi— li-HTtlrHi— ICMCMi-Hi— I i— I : ^ • o ; jh : o : a OhM ^ C“— H 2 o3 ciH«-a a.g ^ ^ ^ . na - 2 “ fO c 1-1 CM Oh a oi I cq a : a o ‘ 'o oc an CUD a £ PAH fcUD o a C ca as a/ s- P O H bfi - a 'CO tUD - a •'ca rB O 5d-o i c3 : ^ a : : ^ > o 5^0 d s a-3 R o s s a 3 r2 ra P X a as as a a - bC a; -H 0 'a o ^ H m 145 On the Bats of the Family Megadcrmatldoc. Lavia is the more primitive : the frontal shield is not so profoundly modified as in Cardioderma^ is quite normal in structure. In Cardioderma the frontal shield attains its highest degree of modification, the posterior of the external cusps (cusp 3) of- is moved somewhat backward, and the antero-internal basal cusp of the upper canines, present in all other genera, has quite disappeared. Summary. — Selecting the most primitive of the cranial and dental characters preserved in the five living genera of Megadermatidge, we are able to draw up a rough sketch of the skull and teeth of the unknown prototype of the family. It was a bat with the frontal shield not very considerably different from that of Megaderma and Eucheira, with the five primary cusps of ml practically of equal size, as in the typical molar of an insectivorous bat, and with a small From this type of bat originated, on the one side the Malayan and Oriental Megaderma and Eucheira : frontal shield not largely modified, preserved, but cusp 2 of m} more or less reduced, cusp 3 more Or less moved backward; and the Australian Macroderma', essentially as Megaderma and Eucheira^ but^^ lost ; on the other side the Ethiopian Lavia and Qardioderma : molar cusps almost normal, but frontal shield profoundly modified, and lost. The subjoined diagram gives a view of probable inter- relations and phylogeny of the genera : — Macroderma. Cardioderma. Ann. & Mag. N. Hist. Ser. 7. Vol. xix. 10 146 Prof. G. Chilton on XV. — Note on the Crah Ilymenosoma depressum, Jacquinot and Lucaff. By Charles Chilton, M.A., D.Sc., F.L.S., Piofessor of Biology, Canterbury College, New Zealand. [Plate y.] The little crab Ilymenosoma Jacquinot and Lucas, was described many years ago*, but does not appear to have been recognized since, and some confusion and doubt has therefore arisen with regard to it. As I happen to have seen some specimens which, in my opinion, undoubtedly belong to the species intended by Jacquinot and Lucas, it is only just to their memory that I should endeavour to establish the validity of the species in question ; at the same time I can add one or two facts which are, perhaps, not without interest. White, in 1846, established Ilalicarcinus as a subgenus of Ilymenosoma, and the second of the two species placed under it by him was Ilymenosoma depressum, Jacquinot, a species which was transferred to Ilymenicus by Dana in 1852. According to Miers, however, the specimens referred to Jacquinot^s species by White were distinct from it, and he, in 1876, named them Elamena Whitei'\. Miers had not seen any specimens really referable to Ilymenosoma depressum, Jacquinot and Lucas, and in the ^ Catalogue of the N. Z. Crustacea,^ p. 51, gives this species under the name ‘^Ilymenicus depressusl,” quoting Jacquinot and Lucases description, and adding: — “ The carapace is represented as nearly circular, the front very narrow, not longer than the eyes, and of equal width throughout. There is apparently a small tooth outside the eyes. Third joint of the external maxillipeds much the largest. I have not seen specimens of this species.'’^ H ere the story of this species appears to end so far as printed records are concerned. The new facts that I am able to add are as follows : — In April 1888, in the collection of Mr. E. Helms, of Greymouth, which was submitted to me for examination, I found a dried crab which, by its yellow colour, flat depressed carapace, and long legs evidently belonged to the species described and figured by Jacquinot and Lucas. In 1893, in the collection of the late Mr. S. H. Drew, of Wanganui, I found two specimens of the same kind which were labelled as * Voj. Pole Sad, Zool. iii. Crustaces, p. G2, pi. v. figs. 34-39. t See Stebbiag, P. Z. 8. 1900, p. 522. llymenosoma depressiim, Jacquinot and Lucas. 147 liaving been dredged on tlie Grxiyinouth bar in 20 fatliomg ; very probably they had been eollected by Mr. Ilolmg at the same time as the speeimen in his own eollection. I have notes on these speeimens, made at the time, stating tliat they appear 'to agree well with the original description and figures by Jacquinot and Lucas, with which I had com- pared them, and that Miers^s remarks as to the figure are not altogether correct, but that the front is really ‘‘ dentiform,"’^ {. e. tooth-like, and narrowing to its extremity, instead of being of equal width throughout,’’^ and that there could scarcely be said to be a small tooth outside the eyes either in the figure or in the specimens. In my MS. notes I also mentioned the fact that the terminal joints of the last four pairs of legs were fringed with hairs and looked as if they were used as swimming-organs, .like the legs of the water-boatmen (Notonectidae). T saw no further specimens of this species till December 1905, when Mr. Marriner brought me a dried specimen found at Sumner, Canterbury, precisely like those already referred to. This specimen is a male, while the original description and figure were drawn up from a female specimen, so that I can add to it the few points in which the male differs from the female. The well-marked fringe of long hairs on the distal joints of the last four pairs of legs is worthy of notice, for tliis, com- bined with the flat depressed carapace and the very long legs, shows, I think, that the crab is capable of swimming. Jacquinotks specimen is said to have been taken under stones at low tide on the shores of the Auckland Islands ; the two in Mr. Drew^s collection were dredged on Greymouth bar at 20 fathoms ; I have no definite information as to the circum- stances under which the other two specimens which I have seen were taken, but there is nothing in these records incon- sistent wdth the powder of swimming. Most of the ordinary swimming-crabs have the last pair of legs specially flattened for the purpose, but probably many other crabs possess some power of progression by swimming even without special modification of the legs ; this is certainly the case with the young of Petrolisthes elongatuSj Milne- Edwards, just hatched out from the last Zoeea-form, as I know from personal observa- tion that it can swim with considerable agility. The whole of the Hymenosomidm of New Zealand require careful revision, and until that is done the generic position of this species must remain an open question ; in the meantime, however, I give a new description of the species, which, with 10^ 148 On Ilymcnosoma depressum. the figures, will, I hope, fa'cilitate its identification in the future. IJymenosoma depressum^ Jacquinot and Lucas. (PI. V. figs. 1-4.) ITymenosoma depresmm, Jacquinot and Lucas, Voy. Pole Sud, Zool. iii. Crustaces, p, 62, pi. v. tigs. 34-39. Male. — Carapace nearly circular, very slightly longer than broad ; flat, depressed, lateral margins without teeth ; the slightly raised margin of carapace continued over the base of the rostrum. Rostrum short, not longer than the eyes, narrowing to the subacute extremity ; orbits not interrupting the margin of the carapace, the lateral portion of the orbit separated by a slight cleft from the upper portion, so that the lateral portion in dorsal view gives almost the appearance of a small tooth outside the eyes *. Anterior legs (chelse) rather short, only moderately en- larged j meros and carpus with inner surface supplied with a few short scattered hairs, outer surface smooth ; propod with inner surface nearly flat, with short scattered hairs which extend along the lower border of the fixed finger, outer surface strongly convex, smooth ; fingers slender, their inner surfaces with short setae, fixed finger with a small tooth near the base, movable finger with a larger tooth placed a little more distally, the rest of the opposing margins with small irregular teeth, that of the movable finger also bearing small tufts of setae. Tiie succeeding four pairs of legs of approximately equal length, greatly elongated, fully two and a half times as long as the carapace, slender, without spines; the meros con- siderably longer than any of the other joints except the propod ; the carpus about half as long as the propod ; dactyl slender and acute, slightly longer than the propod ; in all the legs the proximal joints bear a few scattered setae, while a continuous row of closely-packed set^ fringes the hinder margin of the three or four distal joints, the setae being longer than the joint is wide. Abdonien of male short, triangular, only slightly longer than its breadth at the base, and reaching only to the poste- rior margin of the sternum corresponding to the fourth pair of legs. Length of carapace (without rostrum) 12*5 mm., breadth * These points are not well shown in fig. 1 ; an attempt has been made to show them more accurately in hg. 2. ^nrr ^ Hia L J.7 VoL AJX J^L \ HVMEN050MA DEPRES5UM , Jacq & Luc LAF and C.C del. On new Species of Shells. Ud „ .t «»i. '«« >*"• without teeth. Auckland Islands.^ explanation of plate V. Ilymenosoma depressum, Jacq. & Luc. XYL-Descnptwnsofne,^8p^ DlymsZ'fcSylus Alycseus. By Hugh C. Fulton. [Plates IX. & X.] Trochomorpha modesta^ sp. n. (Pk o ) Shell rather widely colour; spire co.uc, whorls stri* crossed on * “£;[td ne“ last sharply 6, convex, f ^ !he margin ; aperture very oblique ; but is smaller, r!‘ j5 JuTby tlm Xght depression just above the suture and '^"iadllf stilted from T. castra, Bens., by its wider umbilicus and uniform coloration. • [There are specimens of thi^species “ more slender S " c" 150 Mr. II. C. Fulton on Trocliomor'plia crassicarinaia^ sp. n. (PI. IX. fig. 2.) Shell moderately solid, widely umbillcated, apex yellowish, remainder o£ shell of a uniform dark brown colour ; whorls 6^, slightly convex above, the last decidedly so below, first two smooth, others with rather conspicuous and irregular oblique strite, last whorl compressed and rounded at the keel ; aper- ture very oblique, dark within ; peristome simple, sliglitly thickened at basal and columellar portion. Maj. diam. 20, alt. 8 mm. Hah. Nias Island, N.W. Sumatra. Chiefly characterized by its dark coloration and thickened keel. Trochomorjpha niasensiSj sp. n. (PI. IX. fig. 3.) Shell rather thin, subtransparent, moderately umbilicated, light yellowish brown, suture of lower whorls and keel of last edged with dark brown ; whorls 6, very slightly convex above, first one and a half smooth, others with oblique striae or growth-lines; aperture whitish within, oblique; peristome thin, somewhat thickened at columellar portion. Maj. diam. 21, alt. 8 mm. Hah. Nias Island, Sumatra. This species differs from T. crassicarinata by its thinner substance, lighter coloration, narrower umbilicus, and its more rapidly increasing whorls, more especially noticeable on a comparison of the last whorl. Cochlostyla (Anixa) propitia^ sp. n. (Pl.TX. figs. 4-6.) Shell imperforate, solid, subglobosely depressed, upper ])art light reddish, the lower dark, covered with a lighter yellowish-brown epidermis, which consists of oblique narrow streaks crossed on the last whorl by more or less distinct, narrow, interrupted bands of arrow-like markings; this coloration is continued to a point just below periphery of last whorl, the remainder of the underside being of a blackish- brown colour; whorls nearly 5, moderately convex, suture of lower whorls narrowly impressed, last whorl subangular and descending slightly at its termination ; aperture suboval, bluish white within ; peristome thickened and expanded, slightly reflexed, blackish brown, except the upper expanded columellar portion, which is whitish ; columella oblique, thickened ; margins of peristome connected by a slightly raised transparent callus. 151 new Species of Shells. I\Taj. (liani. 40, alt. 30 mm. Var. A (fig. 5). — Sharply keeled at the periphery. Maj. diam. 40, alt. 26 mm. Var. B (fig. 6). — Globose. Maj. diam. 30, alt. 28 mm. JJab. Cebu Island, Philippines. (= Moreleti, MlIdfF., non Pf., Berichb d. Senek. natur. Gesellseh. 1890, p. 238.) Tiiis shell has been distributed by MollendorfF and others as Cochlostyla (^Anixa) Moreleti, Pf., but that s{)ecies is (judging from the figure and description and specimens in tiie British Museum) but a specimen of C. (Anixa) Mont- fortiana, Pf., that has lost its epidermis. C. propitia is closely allied to G. carhonaria, the chief difference being that tlie former is a thicker shell with a much lighter-coloured epidermis than tlie latter. G. propitia is also much larger generally and broader in proportion to height, and its peristome is more expanded ; but these cha- racters are not constant in the large series under examination. The great variation in the form of G. propitia is shown by the three shells selected for description. Ampliidromus cognatus, sp. n. (PI. IX. fig. 7.) Shell sinistral, moderately solid, minutely perforate, smooth, ~ shining, whitish ground, covered on lower whorls by a bright yellow periostracum ; whorls nearly 6, slightly convex, first two dark reddish brown, remainder with dark bluish-grey, narrow, spiral bands, one at tlie sulure and one above tlie middle, tliree on the last whorl, one about 2 mm. wide at the periphery, a similar one encircling the umbilicus, and a narrow one about 2 mm. below the suture, lines of growth rather conspicuous ; aperture subovate, white, with the outer band showing clearly through ; peristome white, moderately expanded. Maj. diam. 17, alt. 31 mm. Hah. ? In the position of the colour-bands and their showing clearly through the aperture this species greatly resembles A, hemicyclus, Bochebrune, but the latter is much narrower — so narrow tliat one almost doubts the correctness of the dimensions given, viz. : long. 30, lat. 10 mm. Amphidromus niasensis, sp. n, (PI. IX. fig. 9.) Shell sinistral, moderately thin, finely obliquely striated, nucleus of a semitransparent waxy colour, rest of shell witii light reddish ground ornamented by rather broad oblique 152 lUr. II. C. Fulton on stripes which are intersected in the middle by a narrow spiral band of lighter colour ; the under part of last whorl has a rather broad dark brown band situated just below the peri- phery and a narrower one lower down, between which is a yellow one, umbilical area reddish ; whorls 6, convex, rather slowly increasing ; aperture with outer markings showing through ; peristome slightly expanded, flesh-colour ; columella vertical, flesh-coloured, rounded and slightly expanded at point of insertion. Maj. diam. 17, alt. 30 mm. Tlab, Nias Island, Sumatra. Although totally distinct in coloration, the details of this species agree very closely with A. Sowerbyi\ but the whorls of niasensis are slightly more coiivex and increase a little slower in size than those of A. Sowerhyi. It is also similar to pcecilochroa, Fult., in form and markings, but is thinner and its wdiorls are more convex. Amphidromus Sowerhyi^ sp. n. (PI. IX. fig. 10.) Shell sinistral, thin, umbilicus almost closed, nucleus dirty white with a brown spot at the apex ; lower whorls yellow, with six narrow dark brown spiral bands on the middle whorls, the last whorl having two broader bands in front, one situated just below the periphery and the other a little lower, umbilical area yellow', finely obliquely striated ; whorls 6|-, moderately convex, rather slowly increasing ; aperture with the outer bands showing through ; peristome very narrowly expanded, w’axy colour ; columella vertical, narrowly expanded at point of insertion. Maj. diam. 17, alt. 31 mm. Hah. Nias Island, Sumatra. This new form bears a great resemblance in coloration and markings to some of the varieties of Helix nemoralis, Linn. The number of bands varies, one specimen before me having only a single narrow peripheral band. Named in honour of my esteemed and genial colleague, G. B. Sowerby, Esq., F.L.S. Amphidromus Webhi^ sp. n. (PI. IX. fig. 8.) Shell sinistral, moderately solid, earlier whorls yellow, fading to cream on lower wdiorls, with a broad lightish chestnut band about 14 mm. wide encircling the last whorl and continued as a narrow ever-diminishing band at suture of penultimate whorl ; whorls 6|, moderately convex, with inconspicuous oblique growth-lines, last ascending slightly at 153 neic Species of Shells. its termination ; aperture subovate, white within ; peristome rather broadly expanded and slightly reflected ; columella vertical, expanded above. Maj. diam. 31, alt. 51 mm. Hab. Nias Island, Sumatra. A handsome and distinct new form, which can be readily separated from A. enganoensiSj Fult., by its much less convex whorls and less broadly dilated columella. Named in honour of Walter F. Webb, Esq., of Rochester, New York. Bidimulus [Protoqh/ptus) dejectus, sp. n. (Pl.X. fig. 1.) Shell very narrowly urabilicated, acuminately elongate, rather thin, covered with yellowish-brown epidermis, wdiite beneath, apical structure consisting of oblique, microscopic, wrinkled or granular striae, lower part with inconspicuous oblique striae or lines of growth crossed by close-set spiral rows of minute hairs ; whorls 8, slightly convex, regularly increasing, the last not deflected ; suture rather deep, simple; aperture suboval, wfliite within ; peristome very slightly expanded, broader at point of insertion of columellar portion, margins joined by a thin transparent callus. Maj. diam. 10, alt. 29 mm. Hab. Santa Catharina [fide Linn^a Institute label). The nearest species to this known to me is crepundia^ Orb., but that is readily separated by its less cylindrical form. Drymceus volsusj sp. n. (PI. X. fig. 2.) Shell elongately fusiform, minutely rimate, rather thin, almost smooth to the eye, but under the lens the usual Brymceus sculpture on nuclear whorls, while the lower- whorls have oblique blunt costae or lines of growth crossed by microscopic close-set spiral striae ; whorls 65, slightly convex, first three and a half dirty white, lower with cream ground ornamented by irregular, oblique, somewhat zigzag, dark brown stripes which are broken by narrow white lines and dots ; aperture oblong-oval, dark brown markings within ; peristome rather broadly expanded, especially at the basal portion, pale yellow ; columella narrow and cord-like, entering spirally. Maj. diam. 12J, alt. 30|- mm. Hab. Ecuador. I know of no other species wdth which to make a helpful comparison. 154 Mr. II. C. Fulton uw ]\Ir. S. I. Da Costa, who has made a special study of this ^enus, is unable to identify it with any species known to him. riacostylus [Euplacostylm) cyUndricus. sp. n. (PI. X. fig. 3.) Shell elongate, almost imperforate, solid; spire reddish, lower part covered by a greenish-brown cuticle; whorls 6J, slightly convex, rather rapidly increasing, last two witli longitudinal growth-lines, crossed on middle whorls by obscure spiral lines, giving the appearance under the lens of a some- what reticulated suif'ace, last whorl indistinctly malleated in parts ; aperture ear-shaped, dirty white within ; peristome thickened, expanded inwardly, wliite, outer edge yellowish, margins connected by a thin callus, columella with a wdiite, thick, spirally entering fold. Maj. diam. 23, ait. 71 mm. Peristome : maj. diam. 27, alt. 33 mm. Ilah, Isabel Island, Solomons [Meek), Separated from Seemani, Dohrn, by its narrow cylindrical form, more rapidly increasing whorls, and much shorter peristome. From koroensis^ Garrett, to which it has some resemblance in form, it can be easily distinguished by its larger size and dark-coloured epidermis. Of the three specimens before me none appear to have the punctures found on the spiral whorls of the two above-mentioned species ; but that character may have been worn off. Stenogyra [Euonyma) Beckeri, sp. n. (PL X. fig. 7.) Shell elongately fusiform, moderately thin, polished, sub- transparent, nucleus whitish, lower whorls of a pale olive- greenish colour ; apex obtuse, rounded ; whorls 12, slightly convex, first three smooth, slowly and regularly increasing, lower whorls with indistinct lines of growth, slightly crenu- lated at the suture ; aperture oblong-oval ; columella slightly curved, white, slightly expanded ; peristome continuous with columella, thin. Maj. diam. 10, length 44 mm. Length of aperture 9, width 5 mm. 11 ah. Pondoland [Dr. H. Becker'). Differs from S. Purcellij Melv. & Pons.* (the type of ^ Arm. & Mag. Nat. Hist. 1901, vol. viii. p. 317, pi. ii. fig-. 0. 155 new Species of Shells. wliicli is a young shell), by its broader form and more rapidly increasing whorls. In Beckeri the first two whorls are smooth, whereas in PurcelU they are distinctly crenulated at the suture. Tliis comparison was made with the type of PurcelU^ no\y in the British Museum, and a young specimen of S. Deckeri. In the description of S. PurcelU the species is characterized as having no sculpture^ but that is not correct ; the figure also gives one the idea of a broader form than that of the actual type. Leptopoma niasense^ sp. n. (PL X. fig. 6.) Shell globosely conic, narrowly umbilicated, thin, sub- transparent, very light brownish ground with darker-coloured raised spiral striae, about 6 on middle whorls ; between these are close-set microscopic spirals, a patch of darker brown at umbilical area ; whorls 5, moderately convex, last subcarinate in front; aperture circular, rather dark w'ithin ; peristome expanded, whitish both front and back, margins approxi- mating and joined by a thin callus ; operculum corneous, thin, 8 whorls. Maj. diam. 14, alt. mm. Ilab. Xias Island, N.W. Sumatra. Similar to L. pellucidumj Grat., but can be readily sepa- rated by its slightly broader peristome and dark-coloured umbilical area. The species varies somewhat in coloration, some specimens having patches of a smoke-colour and others being banded. Cyclophorus iTheohaldius) Dautzenhergi. sp. n. (PI. X. fig. 8.) Shell depressed, spire plane, moderately solid, widely umbilicated, dark brown, with rather distant oblique streaks of lighter colour ; wdiorls 4|, convex, closely obliquely striated, upper part of last whorl with five or six more or less distinct spiral striae, which stop short on the penultimate whorl, third of last whorl slightly and gradually descending ; aperture circular, bluish white within ; peristome with yellowish-white edge, surrounded by a dark-coloured flange, giving the peristome a duplex appearance ; operculum corneous, fairly solid, about 12 whorls. Ma,j. diam. 25, alt. 10 mm. Hah. Nias Island, N.W. Sumatra. Bearing a likeness to the Ceylon species G. Layardij Ad., 15G Mr. II. C. Fulton on but easily distinguished by its flatter form and smaller aperture. Some speeirnens are almost a uniform brovvm, whilst others are strikingly marked with yellowish-white, narrow, oblique streaks. Named after Mons. Ph. Dautzenberg, one of our most esteemed conehologists. CyclopJwrus {Cyclohelix) Kihleri^ sp. n. (Pi. X. fig. 4.) Shell turbinate, very narrowly umbilieated, very solid, nueleus consisting of whorls, first one and a half smooth, the next with rather distant curved stride, remainder of shell with fine oblique striae, crossed by close-set microscopic spirals which are waved on the underside of body-whorl, rich dark brown colour, with numerous irregularly shaped spots and streaks of lighter colour ; on the underside of shell the markings take a more regular spiral pattern ; whorls 5^, convex, the last a little flattened below ; aperture orange- coloured within, very oblique, subirregularly oval; peristome orange, well thickened, margins approaching and connected by a transparent callus, columellar portion sloping towards the right, with a blunt tooth-like projection about the middle; operculum corneous, thin, about 8 whorls. Maj. diam. 31^, alt. 27 ram. Hab, Nias Island, N.W. Sumatra. This shell is of a similar form to C. turho^ Chem., from the Nicobar Islands, but cannot possibly be confused with that or any other species of the genus known to me. Cydotus niasensis, sp. n. (PI. X. fig. 9.) Shell depressed, spire almost plane, apex dark coloured, somewhat roughened and slightly exserted, rather thin, covered with a somewhat thick closely striated epidermis ; whorls 4^, moderately convex, last shortly and slightly descending, suture deep ; aperture circular, bluish white within; peristome with narrow outer flange; operculum calcareous, whorls 9. Maj. diam. 15, alt. 6 mm. Hah. Nias Island, Sumatra. The nearest to this known to me is C. discoideus^ but C. niasensis is smaller, the peristome does not descend so far, and the epidermis appears to be thicker. / 7. Vnl.m. PLJX. oI.'Ga?een del- et litK. rl^: LIBRARY OF THE UNIVERSITY of ILLINOIS (J. Green del et lith. LIBR/iRY OF THt UNlVEKSlTy ul ILLINOIS new Species of Shells. 157 Alycceus [Chamah/cceus) Smithij sp. n. (PI. X. fig. 6.) Shell depressed-turbinate, dirty white, rather widely umbilicated ; whorls 4, first smooth, remainder with oblique striae which are rather widely spaced on first half of last whorl, then suddenly become very close, widening out again immediately before the strangulated portion, whicfi is situated about one third of a whorl from the peristome, last whorl sliortly descending; aperture circular; peristome rather thick, duplex ; sutural tube ratlier long ; operculum thin, whitish, concave, with 9 or 10 wdiorls. j\Iaj. diam. 4, alt. 2 mm. Hah. Mengtzu, Yunnan [fide Carl Bock). Very like A. 'plicilabris ^ Molldff., but has no plicae on the peristome, the striae immediately beliind the strangulation are similar, but the striae on the earlier part of the whorl are closer than in Mollendorff’s species. From A. rathousianus^ Heude, it differs by being smaller, has a more strongly produced duplex peristome, and its sculpture on the last wdiorl is finer. Named in honour of Edgar A. Smith, Esq., I.S.O. EXPLANATION OF THE PLATES. Plate IX. Fig. 1. Trochomorpha modesta. Fig. 2. crassicarinata. Fig. 3. niasensis. Fig. 4. Cochlostyla propitiu. Fig. 5. , var. A. Fig. 6. , var. B. Fig. 7. Amphidromus cognatus. Fig. 8. Wehhi. Fig. 9. niasensis. Fig. 10, Sowerhxji. Plate X. Fig. 1. Bulimulus dejectus. Fig. 2. Drgmcexis volsus. Fig. 3. Flacostglus cglindricus. Fig. 4. Cgclophorus Kibleri. Fig. 5. Algcceus Smithi. Fig. 6. Leptopoma niasense. Fig. 7. Stenoggra Beckeri. Fig. 8. Cgclophorus Dautzenbergi. Fig. 9. Cgclotus niasensis. 16S Mr. II. C. Fulton on Papuina and Pupina. XVII. — Notes on Papuina and Pupina. By Hugh C. Fulton. On the Identity of Papuina (Dendrotrochus) pumila, Falt.^ loith Dendrotrochus mentuni, Tledley. Since tlie publication of P. pumila in the ^Journal of Malacology/ 1905, vol. xii. p. 22, pi. 6. figs. 5 & 6, Mr. Chas. Hedley has written me that it is probably his Dendrotrochus mentuiUy described in the ‘ Records Australian Museum/ 1899, p. 153, fig. Unfortunately I had omitted to look up the subgenus Dendrotrochus in the Record, only having looked for Papuina, To make certain of the matter, I recently sent a co-type of P . pumila to Mr. Hedley, who now informs me that it is identical with his D. mentum ; my species therefore becomes a synonym. On Papuina Sellersi, Gox, and P. migratoria, Pfr, Dr. Cox described P. Sellersi in the P. Z. S. 1876, p. 646, pi. 52. fig. 9, and appears to have fixed no particular speci- men as the type, but to have based the species on a number of specimens ; the measurements of one specimen are given — viz. : diameter, greatest 0’78, least 0*56, height 0*60 of an inch/’ — but they do not agree with the figure given. After examination of a number of specimens bearing a label in Dr. Cox’s handwriting Typical P. Sellersi^ I can- not separate it from Pfeiffer’s P. migratoria^ a species most variable in form and coloration. The two forms described as migratoria, Pfr., and Sellersi, Cox, are linked closely together by specimens before me, which show them to be one species having great variation in form and coloration : some specimens are sharply carinated, whilst others have the last whorl rounded; a few are quite imperforate, whilst others are slightly perforate. Coloration varies from specimens all white, except for a narrow dark brown sutural band, to specimens of yellowish ground with broad spiral bands. All the varieties have inconspicuous oblique strise, crossed on the lower whorls by oblique, forward descending wrinkles, which vary in strength and are almost absent in the var. leucophcea, Cox. On Pupina Thomsoni, Forbes, and P. bidentata, C. E. Beddoine. After comparison of typical specimens of the above- mentioned species, I am forced to the conclusion that P. hi 150 On a new Cij’prinovl Fish. dentala is simply Thomsoni with the callus-folds situated at the anterior area of the back of the shell more strongly developed. In a series of co-types from the collection of the late Mr. C. E. Beddome there are some specimens entirely without these foldsj and a selected series seems to demonstrate that these folds are only fully developed in the last stage of growth. It is significant that in the description of P. hidentata there was no comparison made with the obviously closely allied P. Thomsoni. XVIII. — Description of a new Cyprinoid Fishj Acheilo- gnathus signifer, Korea, with a Synopsis of all the known E,hodeina3. By L. S. Berg (St. Petersburg). Acheilognathus signifer. Cdosely allied to A. cyanostigma^ Jordan & Fowler, 1903, from Japan (Lake Biwa), differing chiefly in coloration and longer barbels. No dark shoulder-spot above gill-opening, no longitudinal band on body, neither on tail. Dorsal deep hrown^ with a broad marginal whitish hand. Anal with several darker longitudinal cross-bars. Ventral blackish. D. II 8. A. II 8. L. 1. 36 j. Teeth 5 — 5, not serrated. No spines in dorsal and anal. Barbels present, rather long, somewhat more than half the length of the eye, reaching to the vertical from the anterior third of eye. Mouth small, subinferior. Maxillary reaching to the nostrils. Depth of body 2| in its length (without caudal), length of head 4 ; diameter of eye J length of head, slightly less than interorbital space, equal to snout, in postorbital space. Caudal peduncle 3j^ in body, twice as long as deep, its depth 2| in that of body. Origin of dorsal somewhat behind the root of ventrals, midway between end of snout and root of caudal ; its end opposite to the third branched ray of anal. Base of dorsal in body, height 6. Upper margin of dorsal straight. Origin of anal below the posterior dorsal rays; its base in body, its height 6^. Pectonds not reaching ventrals, 5f in body ; ventrals 6, reaching origin of anal. Lateral line slightly decurved ; 6 scales between IGO Mr. L. S. Berg on a lateral line and middle of belly. Anus midway between origin obthe ventrals and anal. A single adult male (with two semicircular excrescences on snout), measuring about 57 mm. (47 without caudal), taken by the late O. Ilerz in Pungtung, Korea, in 1888. Type specimen N. 10265 in the Zool. Mus. of the Acad, of ►Sciences at St. Petersburg. The following is a synopsis of all the species known to me of the group Rhodeinse * : — I. Rhodeus, Agassiz, 1835. Lateral line incomplete. No spine in dorsal and anal. Pharyngeal teeth 5 — 5, not serrated. More than 7 branched rays in anal. rt. No barbels; D. Ill 9-10, A. ITT 8-10, 1. 1. 34-40. b. Third suborbital not more than half the length of the eye. (Central Europe, N.W. and S. Russia, Macedonia, Anatolia, Caucasus, basin of Amur, Manchuria f-) Jih. sericeus (Pallas), 1776 { = Rh. amarus, Bloch, 1782). bh. Third suborbital more than half the length of the eye. (Southern China.) Rh. sinensis, Gunther, 1868. aa. Barbels present ; I). Ill 8, A. Ill 9, 1.1. 32; teeth 5 — 5 (not serrated?). (Japan, Kiu-siu.) Rh. (?) oryzce, .Iordan & Seale, 1906 f. II. Pararhodeus, gen. nov. Lateral line incomplete. No spine in dorsal and anal. Pharyngeal teeth 5 — 4, slij^htly serrated. D. II 7, A. Ill 6, 1. 1. 48-49. — A single species : P. syriacus (Lortet), 1883. (Syria, Damascus.) III. Achbilognathus, Bleeker, 1860. Lateral line complete. Pharyngeal teeth 5 — 5, not serrated. Barbels present or absent. Spine in dorsal and anal absent or present. A. Barbels present. No spine in dorsal and anal. a. Shoulder with a more or less distinct * Messrs. Jordan and Fowler (Prcc. U.S. N. Mus. xxvi. 1903, pp. 812, 822) refer Capoeta elonyata, Schl., and C. gracilis, Schl., to the group Rhodeinae (“teeth one-rowed”). Although Schlegel does not indicate the dentition of these species, Bleeker (Atlas ichth. iii. 1863, p. 117 ; Ned. Tijdsch. Dierk. ii. 1865, p. 138), who has had specimens from Japan, states that they are three-rowed, 1.3. 5 — 5 .3.1 (“ dentes raptatorii ”) as in Barhince, which induced Dr. Gunther (Cat. Fish. vii. 1868, p. 136) to refer the Bleekerian genus Gnathopogon to Barbus. t A very remarkable instance of an interrupted distribution : not yet known from Siberia. \ Scarcely belonging to this genus. new Cijpruioid Fish. lOL ilark shoulder-spot openiiii: above gill- h. Barbels short, about half the length of the eye ; shoulder-spot and lateral band very distinct. 1). Ill 10, A. In 10. (Japan.) A. limbatus (Schlegel), 1846. hb. Barbels more than half tlie length of the eye ; shoulder-spot and lateral band indistinct or absent. D. Ill 9, A. Ill 9. (Japan.) A. lanceolatus (Schlegel), 1846. au. Shoulder without dark spot above gill-opening. c. Barbels short, not more than half the length of the eye. d. A longitudinal dark band ; dorsal with several darker longitudinal cross-bars ; anal dark, with a broad marginal whitish band. Maxillary barbel very short. B. Ill 8, A. Ill 8, 1. 1. 39. (Japan.) A. cyanostigma, Jordan & Fowler, 1903. dd. No longitudinal dark band ; dorsal dark, with a broad mar- ginal white band ; anal with several darker longitudinal cross- bars. D. II 8, A. II 8, 1. 1. 36. Maxillary barbel about half the eye. (Korea.) A. signifer, Berg, 1906. cc. Barbels long, as long as eye. A longitudinal dark band along the middle of tail ; lower half of dorsal with a series of blackish dots ; I). II 9, A. II 11-12, 1. 1. 34. (For- mosa.) A, himantegus, Giinther, 1808. AA. Barbels present. Spine in dorsal and anal present. e. I). II 11, A. II 9, 1. 1. 36; depth 2^ in length of body, snout shorter thai eye. (Shanghai.) . A. barhatulusj Gunther, 1873. ce. D. Ill 11-13, A. Ill 11, 1. 1. 35-36 ; depth 2J—2i in length of body ; snout as long as eye ; a dark blue spot above gill-opening. (Korea, Seoul.) A. coreanuSf Steindachner, 1892. AAA. Barbels absent *. f. Dorsal and anal without spine. D. II 14-15, A. II 14-15, 1. 1. 35-38. (Japan, L. Biwa.) A. lonyipinnis, Regan, 1905. ff. Dorsal and anal with spines. D. Ill 12-13, A. Ill 10, 1. 1. 35-36. (Basin of Amur, L. Khanka or [Dyb.l, 1872. Hanka.). . A. chankaensis (Dybowski) { = Devario chankaensiSf * Acheilognathus mesemh'inum, Jordan & Evermann (Proc. U.S. N. M. XXV. 1902, p. 323, fig. 6), from Formosa, apparently does not belong to the Rhodeinae. Ann. (k Mag. N. Hist. Ser. 7. Vol. xix. 11 162 Mr. L. S. Borg on a IV. Paracheilognathus, Bleeker, 1863. Lateral line complete. Pharyngeal teeth 5 — 5, deeply serrated. No spine in dorsal and anal. a. Barbels (veiy minute) present ; mouth inferior ; D. II 14, A. Ill 10, 1. 1. 37-38. Head 4g in length of body, depth 2|, eye 4 in head. (Japan.) P. rhombeus (Schlegel), 1840. aa. No barbels; month oblique. b, 13. II 10, A. II 12, 1. 1. 35. Head 4 in length of body, depth 3, eye 3 in head. (China.) [berbis, Gthr.). P. imberbis (Giinther), 1868 { — Achilognathus im- bb. D. Ill 13-14, A. Ill 10-11, 1. 1. 35. Head 4 in length of body, depth 2^, eye 2f in head. ( Yang-tse-kiang, Tien-tsin.). . . . P. Bleekeri, n. n. ( = P. imberhis, Bleeker, 1871, [non Achilognathus imberbis, Giinther^). V. PsEUDOPERiLAMPus, Bleeker, 1863. Lateral line incomplete. Pharyngeal teeth 5 — 5, deeply serrated. No spine in dorsal and anal. No barbels. a. H. HI 10-11, A. Ill 10-11, 1. 1. 55-65. (Japan.) P. typus, Bleeker, 1863. aa. D. Ill 11-12, A. HI 10-11, 1. 1. 33-34. (Shanghai, Y'ang-tse-kiang.) P. 06W/a^ws,Kner, 1865-67. VI. Acanthorhodeus, Bleeker, 1871. Lateral line complete. Teeth deeply serrated. Spine in dorsal and anal present. Barbels present or absent. a. Barbels present. D. Ill 17-18, A. Ill 12-1.3, 1. 1. 35 ; head 5 in length of body, depth 2^. (Yang-tse- kiang.) A. macropterus, Bleeker, 1871. H. Ill 17-18, A. Ill 13-14, 1. 1. 36-40 ; head 4|-4^ in length of body, depth 2-2|. (Yang-tse-kians: ; Shanghai.) A. Guichenoti, Bleeker, 1871. D. Ill 17, A. Ill 13-14, 1. 1. 34 head 4| in length of body, depth 2^. (China ; Swatow.) A, dicmis, Butter, 1898. D. Ill 15, A. HI 11, 1. 1. 36; head 4 in length of body, depth 2. (Upper Tonkin.) A. tonkinensis, Vaillant, 1892. aa. Barbels absent. D. HI 14-15, A. HI 12-1.3, 1. 1. 30. (Yang- tse-kiang.) A. hypselonotus, Bleeker, 1871. D. II 12-13, A. II 10-11, 1. 1. 35. (Shanghai.). A. atranalis, Gunther, 1873. D. II 16-17, A. II 13-14, 1. 1. 35-36 ; second suborbital twice as long as deep ; dorsal * Cf. Gunther, Zool. Becord, 1871, p. 107. 1G3 new Cyprinoid Fish. and anal twice as long as high. (Shang- hai.) A. tcBniatialis, Gunther, 1873. D. III. 16-18, A. Ill 12-14, 1. 1. 36-39 ; second suborbital about as long as deep ; dorsal and anal less than twice as long as high. (Lower Amur, Ussuri.) A. Asmussi (Dybowski), 1872 [_{=Devario Asmussi^ Dyb.). XIX. — Description of a new Cyprinoid Fish, Paraleacogobio notacanthus, N. China. Bj L. S. Berg (St. Peters- burg). Paraleucogobio, gen. nov. Allied to Leucogohio, Gunther, from which it differs in having the dorsal provided with a spine and inserted behind 'centrals. Body compressed, deep ; scales large, about 35 in lateral line; lateral line in the middle of body, anteriorly slightly decurved, posteriorly straight. Dorsal short, with 7 branched rays and with a strong, but flexible at the top, spine, in- serted a little behind origin of ventrals, nearer to end of snout than base of caudal. Anal short, with 6 branched rays, wnthout spine, its origin beyond the end of dorsal, nearer to base of ventrals than to caudal. Anus a little before origin of anal. Breast scaled. Belly not keeled. Mouth small, anterior : jaws of equal length ; lower without tubercle, its edge somewhat trenchant, semilunar. Hind margin of maxillary reaching the vertical of the middle between nostrils. Tip of snout about on the level of the lower margin of eye. Lips thin, the lower interrupted at the symphysis. A minute barbel at the angle of mouth, equal to | of the diameter of eye, not reaching the vertical of front margin of eye. Preorbital reaching the eye. Suborbitals long, narrow. Gill-membranes attached to isthmus below the hind margin of eye. Peritoneum silvery, with some black points. Pha- ryngeal teeth two-rowed, 2 . 4 — 5 . 3, compressed, subuncinate; upper teeth of the longer series conical. Faraleucogohio notacanthus^ sp. n. D. II 7. A. Ill 6. Lin. lat. 34 37. Snout blunt ; interorbital space convex. Back behind nape flattened. Pectorals not reaching ventrals, ventrals not 11* 1G4 lyir. G. K. Glide on a new reacliing anus. Upper margin of dorsal and anal straight. First unarticulated ray of dorsal about | of second (the longest). Scales with radial striae. 5 longitudinal series of scales between lateral line and middle of belly. Depth of body 3| in length (without caudal) ; length of head 4|-. Depth of head in its lengthy width IJ ; eye 3*8 in length of head, 1‘4 in interorbital space, 1*2 in length of snout, 1*8 in postorbital part of head. Caudal peduncle 4*8 in body, 1’6 as long as deep, its depth 2*3 in that of body. Length of dorsal 7 in body, height 5*2; length of anal 10‘1, height 7'0 ; length of pectoral 5*4, of ventral 5*8. Pectoral in distance from its base to origin of ventral ; ventral \\ in distance from its base to origin of anal. Antedorsal space 2 in body, postdorsal 2|. Total length of a single specimen (mature female) about 95 mm. (without caudal 81 mm.). In general shape resembles Leucogohio tcematus^ Gunther, in colour Leuc. Herzensteini^ Gunther. Many longitudinal dark bands along the sides of body ; a rather broad blue band above the lateral line. Each scale of the lateral line with two dark spots (as in Alburnus hipunctatus) . Dorsal wdth two series of dark spots. Taken in a rivulet, Je-hol, at Cheng-tu-fu (or Je-hol), tributary of Lu-ang-ho (N.E. of Pekin), by Colonel D. Putiata in May 1901. Type specimen N. 9873 in the ZooL Mus. of the Acad, of Sciences at St. Petersburg. XX. — Description of a new Species of Eulota from Formosa, By G. K. Gude, F.Z.S. Eulota [Euhadra') Warhurgij sp. n. (Figs. 1 & 2.) Shell narrowly umbilicated, conoid, shining, finely irregu- larly striated, with obsolete shallow spiral furrows here and there; chalky white, with one distinct, narrow, yellowish- brown band at the periphery and a fainter one above and below, the upper one very indistinct. Spire depressed- conoid, suture deep, apex prominent. Whorls nearly 6, increasing slowly and regularly, convex above and at the periphery, slightly flattened below ; last whorl scarcely descending in front. Aperture little oblique, subovate ; peristome thick- ened and expanded, but slightly reflexed ; margins distant, Species of Eulota from Formosa. 165 columellar margin strongly thickened and reflexed, slightly receding over tlie narrow deep umbilicus. Diam. maj. 27, min. 23 ; alt. 18 mm. Ilah. Dunes at Long-Krau, South Formosa (^Warburg leg.^ Feb. 1888). Type in my collection. Fig. 1. b c Professor G. Pfeffer, of the Naturhistorisches Museum, Hamburg, kindly placed at my disposal three specimens of an undescribed Eulota. All tlie shells appear to be sand-blown, being denuded of cuticle. The second specimen has the bands much fainter and is smaller, measuring: — diam. maj. 24, min. 20 ; alt. 15*5 mm. The third specimen (fig. 2) is still Fig. 2. smaller, but has a more elevated spire than the type ; it measures : — diam. maj. 21, min. 18’5 ; alt. 15*5 mm. The new species is related to Eulota irrediviva^ Pils. & Hir., from Okino-erabu-shima, N.E. Loo-Choo, which it resembles in the banding ; but tliat species is much larger, measuring 36 mm., although possessing only 5 whorls; in E. Warburgi the whorls are more convex, the suture is deeper, and the peristome is less reflexed. Another near ally is E. ohinoerahuensisj Pils. & Hir. ; but the new species differs from that shell in being more de? pressed, smoother, and with weaker striae, in not being spirally striated, and in having a wider umbilicus. 166 Mr. P. Cameron on Ilymenoptera XX T. — On some undescribed Phytophagous and Parasitic Ilymenoptera from the Oriental Zoological Region, By P. Cameron. For tlie species described in this paper 1 am indebted to Col. C. T. Bingham. TenthredinidaB. Tentliredo lepchOf sp. n. Luteous; the antennal scape in the middle above_, the flagellum, the sixth to eighth and the sides of the ninth abdominal segment broadly laterally, and the hind legs, except the coxae and trochanters, black. Wings yellowish hyaline, the apex from the end of the stigma fuscous, tinged with violaceous; the apex of the hinder with a narrower luscous cloud. ? . Lengtii 16 mm. Sikkim. Smooth, shining; the face, clypeus, labrum, mandibles, lower outer orbits, and base of legs pale yellow. The vertex in the centre with a short black pile, the face, clypeus, labrum, and base of mandibles sparsely covered with long pale hair ; the thorax above thickly covered w’ith short fuscous pubescence. Apex of clypeus broadly, roundly incised ; the labrum punctured at the root of the hairs. Apex of mandibles black. Upper half of the front with a wide shallow depiession, W’hich is sparsely haired ; the lower with a deeper, smooth, bare depression, the two parts being clearly sepal ated ; they are bordered by a broad keel. Centre of vertex (including the ocelli) bordered by a narrow^, but dis- tinct, furrows H ead lai'ge, wider than the thorax, the temples wide, rounded ; occiput sharply margined. The third and fourth joints of the antenna? are almost of equal length ; the antennae are densely covered with short stiff black pubescence, ^cutellum prominent, obliquely sloped at the base and apex. This species comes close to T. xanthoptera^ Cam.; the two may be separated thus : — Hind femora, base of hind tibiae, and apex of abdomen liileous; the third joint of antennae distinctly longer than the fointh ; the upper part of the frontal area roundly curved outwardly, the sides distinct, reaching to the outer ocelli, the apex of the lower part distinctly obliquely narrowed xanihoytera. 167 from the Oriental Zoological Region, Hind legs, except the coxee and trochanters, and the apical segments of the abdomen black; the third joint of the antennjB not distinctly longer than the fourth ; the upper part of the frontal area not curved out- wardly, the sides not distinctly keeled, not reaching to the hind ocelli, the lower part not distinctly obliquely narrowed lepcha. Siobla ru/O’halfeataj sp. n. Black, the head and mesonotam tinged with blue ; the labruni, a line round the pronotum, narrowest in the middle, the anterior tibiae in front and the outer side of the posterior, white ; the second to sixth abdominal segments rufous. Wings hyaline to the first transverse cubital nervure, smoky violaceous beyond ; the nervures and stigma black. Head, npper part of thorax, and legs densely covered with white pubescence, the antennae thickly with stiff black pubescence. $ . Length 8 mm. Yunzalin Valley, Upper Tenasserim ; November ((7. T. Bingham) . Front and vertex closely, finely punctured, shining; above each antenna is a wide, deep furrow, roundly dilated above and reaching halfway to the ocelli ; in the middle below is a deep, slightly longer than wide, fovea; there is a wide, deep furrow between the ocelli in the middle. Scutellum minutely punctured. Cenchri large, white. The black on the apex of the abdomen has a violaceous tint ; below it extends on to the sides of the sixth segment. Middle lobe of mesonotum furrowed, the furrow wide at the base, gradually narrowed towards the apex. The middle of the vertex is not bordered by furrows, the part behind the ocelli forming one piece. Temples narrow ; occiput not quite transverse, being slightly curved inwardly. The clypeus is more strongly punctured than the rest of the head and becomes gradually narrowed to a point. The third joint of the antennae is dis- tinctly longer than the fourth ; it is also thinner, becoming slightly dilated towards the apex; the apical four joints are thicker than the others, they become gradually narrowed towards the apex. Selandria hasilineaia^ sp. n. Black, slightly tinged with blue ; the clypeus, a narrow line on the edge of the pronotum, a broader one on the apex of the fiist abdominal segment, the apex of the middle coxae 1G8 Mr. P. Cameron on Ilymenoptera narrowly, of the hinder broadly, tlie apieal joint of the middle trochanters slightly, the greater part of the posterior, the anterior tibia3 in front and the basal half of the four posterior al'ove, white. Fore wings hyaline to near the stigma, the rest fuscous ; the stigma, costa, and nervures black ; the hind wings hyaline. Length 9 mm. Sikkim. Antennae stout, densely covered with black, stiff pubes- cence ; tapering towards the apex, thickened towards the middle. Head slightly broader tlian the thorax; the temples broad, rounded behind ; the front and vertex forming one piece ; the ocellar region not bounded by furrows; there is a deep, small, clearly defined, semicircular fovea in the middle of the front below ; on each side, above it, is a smaller, less distinct one, the three forming a triangle. Apex of clypeus broadly rounded ; the pubescence on the front long, dense, pale. Upper part of thorax almost bare, the sides and breast bearing white pubescence. The second and following abdo- minal segments, at the apex, are narrowly, obscurely lined with white. The first transverse cubital nervure is faint in the middle. Allied to S. fuscinervis, Cam., and S. cceruleicepSy Cam.; it may be known from both by the white clypeus and by the Avhite band bordering the basal segment of the abdomen. It is a broader species than either. Chalcididae. Oncochalcis marginiscutis, sp. n. Black, densely covered with silvery pubescence, the apex of all the femora, the four anterior tibiae, except the front pair (which are marked with black broadly in the centre behind) and the middle pair (which are similarly marked in front and behind), the hinder broadly at the base and apex behind (about one third), the larsi and the tegulae, bright lemon-yellow ; wings hyaline, the nervures black. ? . Length 6 mm. Haundiaw Valley, Middle Tenasserim ; August [C, T. Dingham). ►Sides of front longitudinally reticulated ; the vertex covered with round, interlacing punctures. Face irregularly rugosely punctured, with an aciculated space in the middle ; the space wide in the middle, obliquely narrowed above and below. Clypeus punctured somewhat strongly in the middle. 1G9 from the Oriental Zoological Region, Labriim large, aciculated, depressed in the middle, almost semicircular, the sides margined. Pro- and mesonotum and scntellum closely, somewhat strongly punctured; tlie base of ))ronotum sligjitly projecting in the middle, the sides broadly curved. Apex of scntellum broadly rounded, with a raised margin, behind which is a crenulated furrow. Metanotum coarsely reticulated, the areola longer than wide, the apical half abru})tly widened, its apex almost transverse. In the centre of the propleurse is a semicircular closely striated space, proje cting into the punctured upper part, the sides irregularly rnaiked with stout keels; at the bottom are two irregular depressions. On the lower part of the smooth, flat base of the metapleurse are three irregular, but distinct fovege, one below^ the other, the upper longer than wide, ovoid, the lower two wdder than long; the part below them coarsely, rugosely punctured, more or less reticulated; the middle stoutly striated, the striae distinctly separated and becoming weaker below ; the apex projects and bears weak indications of striae. Metapleurae closely, rugosely reticulated. Basal three seg- ments of abdomen bare, shining; the fourth and fifth are })unctured and covered with white pubescence at the apex ; the sixth is large, strongly punctured and covered with white pubescence. There are twelve teeth on the hind femora, the apical stronger than the basal ; the apex of the hind tibiae has a distinct projection, w'hich is curved and becomes gradually narrowed. Evaniidae. Evania Binghamij sp. n. Black, the antennal scape and the basal three joints of the flagellum, mandibles, the fore legs, the middle except the tarsi and the liind trochanters and femora, red; the head and thorax closely covered with white hair, the thorax also more densely wdth white pubescence ; the legs thickly with longer hair, which is white on the coxae and trochanters, fuscous on the rest. Wings hyaline, clouded in the discoidal cellule; the costa, stigma, and nervures black, the apical nervures pale. $ . Length 7 mm. Haundraw Valley, Middle Tenasserim ; August ((7. T. Bingham) . Face strongly striated, the striae clearly separated, con- verging towards the centre below and with a stouter central longitudinal keel. Sides of front strongly striated, the wider 170 Mr. P. Cameron on Tlymenoptera central part smootli, with a stout keel down tlie middle; the malar space strongly, obliquely striated and with some })uncturcs. Eyes prominent, very slightly converging above, separated from the mandibles by their own length. Temples short, oblique ; the occiput margined, transverse. Base of thorax transverse, the sides of pronotum oblique. Pro- and mesonoluin coarsely, rugosely punctured ; the apex of the latter with widely separated keels enclosing depressions. Scutellum stoutly reticulated-punctured. Median segment with large, round, deep reticulations; the apical slope de- pressed in tlie middle at the apex, thickly covered with white pubescence. Propleurse with longitudinal keels, with a large ibvea between them at the apex ; the meso- and metapleurm closely reticulated, the upper basal half of the former smooth, bare, and shining, and having the top bordered by an area with four stout keels, of which the anterior pair are closer to each other and converge below. Metasternal process stout, the basal part long, broad, the apical forks roundly diverging. Abdomen shining, the petiole irregularly striated at the base, the middle witli deep punctures. Hind coxa?, except at the enlarged base, stoutly punctured ; the trochanters and femora with scattered punctures ; the tibia? more strongly, closely, rugosely punctured, their calcaria rufo-fulvous, the long spur not reaching to the middle, more than one third of the length of the metatarsus; the tarsal joints with rufous spines at the apex; the metatarsus sparsely spinose. The transverse median nervure is interstitial. The antennse are shorter and thicker than usual, especially beyond the middle of the flagellum. Tlie ocelli are almost in a line, the anterior hardly projecting beyond the posterior ; these are separated from eacli other by a distinctly greater distance than they are from the eyes. The legs and antennse are shorter and stouter than usual. Braconida). Iphiaulax domdamiensis^ sp. n. Luteous, the antennse and ocellar region black. Wings yellowish hyaline to the parastigrna, the yellow forming a triangular cloud in the lower basal part of the first discoidal cellule ; the first cubital cellule for the greater part hyaline, slightly tinged with yellow ; the basal two thirds of the hind wings yellowish hyaline. Basal lour segments of abdomen as long as the head and thorax united, hardly wider than the thorax, smooth, except the second segment, wdiich is strongly 171 from the Oriental Zoological Begion. striated to the lateral depressions, and the third, which is tinely closely striated to the beginning of the lateral furrows, the strijB extending to near the middle. There is a distinct keel down the middle of tlie second segment, with a small, smooth, triangular plate at the base. Suturiform articulation closely crenulated, the apical lateral branch smooth ; there is a smooth curved furrow at the base of the fourth segment in the middle ; there are no lateral apical furrows. The hind tarsi are black from near the middle of the basal joint. Temples broad, rounded, slightly narrowed ; the occiput transverse. The ocellar black spot is rounded behind ; in front it is gradually narrowed and reaches close to the antennae ; there is a distinct furrow down the front. Ocelli browm, the anterior lighter coloured than the posterior. $ . Length 13, terebra 9 mm. Domdami Valley, Middle Tenasserim ; September ((7. T. Binghani). The apex of metanotum and the second and third abdo- minal segments are suffused wdth fuscous. Face smooth, with sparse black longish hairs. Tips of mandibles black. Second cubital cellule about two and a quarter times longer than wdde ; the recurrent nervure is received shortly behind the cubital. Iphiaulax liaundrawensis^ sp. n. Luteous; occiput, vertex, upper half of front, a line leading from this black part to each antenna, antennje, three broad lines on the mesonotuin (the central shorter and broader than the lateral, which extend from near the base to the scutellum), the third and following segments of the abdomen and laige spots on the ventral, the apical two thirds of the hind tibite, their calcaria, and the tarsi, black. Wings yellow'ish hyaline to near the base of the stigma, the yellow extending beyond the lower part of the transverse basal and the transverse median nervure and the basal half of the hind wings ; the rest fuscous, except the usual hyaline spots below the stigma ; the costa, except at the apex, and the stigma to shortly beyond the middle, pale luteous. $ . Length 11, terebra 3 mm. Haundraw Valley, Middle Tenasserim; August ((7. T, Bingham). Abdomen as long as the head and thorax united and broader than them ; longish oval ; the first segment stoutly keeled in the middle, the sides with a few irregular stout 172 Mr. P. Cameron on Jlymenopiera striae ; the second segment clearly wider than long, it^ cejitre stoutly longitudinally striated, without a smooth basal area and keel ; the suturiform articulation irregularly striated, the sides smooth and triangularly dilated ; there is a distinct crenulated furrow on the base of the fourth and fifth segments and a smooth one on their apices ; the pubescence on the basal two segments is pale fulvous, on the others black, on the apical dense ; the apices of the sixth and seventh have a narrow pale border. Wings ample; the recurrent nervure is interstitial ; the second cubital cellule is three times longer than wide. Ipliiaulax stramineuSj sp. n. Pale yellow, the lobes of the mesonotum broadly pale brown ; the antennte, centre of front broadly, the vertex broadly in front, entirely behind to near the middle of the outer orbits, and the occiput, black ; the face and orbits pale yellow. Wings yellowish hyaline to the lower part of the transverse basal nervure ; beyond fuscous violaceous, with the usual hyaline spots below the base of stigma; the fuscous cloud in the hind wings is broadest behind ; the stigma is yellow to the commencement of the radius. The middle of the first abdominal segment, the second entirely, and the basal two thirds of the third are closely longitudinally striated ; there is no area on the base of the second segment, it being there striated like the rest of the segment. ? . Length 13, terebra 4 mm. Haundraw Valley, Middle Tenasserim ; August. Abdomen elongate-oval, the basal three segments as long as the thorax ; suturiform articulation wide, deep, crenu- lated ; there is a narrower but distinct crenulated furrow on the base of the fourth ; there are no apical furrows. Meta- iiotum thickly covered with longish wliite pubescence. The second cubital cellule fully three times longer than wide. Tills species is related to I. spilocephaius, Cam., but is much paler in colour, the abdomen longer and narrower, and the second cubital cellule much longer. Iphiaulax hurmaensisy sp. n. Eufo-luteous, the flagellum of antenme black. The wings yellowish hyaline, the apex with a narrow pale fuscous border ; the base of first cubital cellule with a small black square cloud, reaching to the base of the stigma ; the costa, stigma, and nervures bright luteous. The raised middle of 173 from the Oriental Zoological Region* first abdominal segment closely, strongly, longitudinally striated, with a distinct keel down the centre ; the basal two thirds of the second closely, somewhat strongly, irregularly, more or less obliquely striated, and without a basal defined area. ^ . Length 11, terebra 9 mm. vShwegyin, Lower Burma; November (C. T. Bingham). This species is remarkable for the asymmetry of the furrows on the second abdominal segment; they are not placed oppo- site each other, that on the left side, looking from the head, being near the middle and straight, oblique ; the other is near the apex and is roundly curved, the part beyond it is closely striated, that on the opposite side to it at the apex is smooth ; beyond it is a narrow, deep, closely striated furrow, from which the following segments become gradually narrowed. Parapsidal furrows indicated on basal slope only ; the apex of mesonotum flat. Temples roundly narrowed ; the occiput slightly roundly incised. Face sparsely punctured laterally, each puncture with a longish black hair. Pubes- cence moderately dense, fulvous. Wings longer than the body, the second cubital cellule as long as the third, the transverse median nervure not quite interstitial, the re- current nervure received near the apex of the first cubital cellule. Iphiaulax lineaticarinatus^ sp. n. Luteous, the flagellum of antennas black. The wings yellowish hyaline, the costa, stigma, and nervures luteous; the parastigma and apex of stigma black ; a black cloud at the base of the stigma, oblique, slightly narrowed in front, extending to the recurrent nervure, which it covers ; a broad lighter-coloured band on the apex, commencing near the base of the radial and second cubital cellules, broader and deeper tinted behind ; there is a similar apical cloud in the hind wings. Smooth, shining; a distinct narrow keel of equal width down the middle of the first and second segments and a less distinct one down the third ; there is a broad depression down the sides of the second segment, curved, narrowed and oblique on the inner side of the base ; there is a distinctly defined smooth furrow on the basal half of the third ; the suturiform articulation wide, crenulated. Temples wide, obliquely narrowed ; the occiput rounded inwardly, the sides broadly rounded. Face covered with long black hair. Clypeus clearly separated, forming a distinct semicircle. First abdominal segment twice longer than it is wide' at the 174 Mr. P. Cameron on Ihjmenoptera apex, the second longer than wide, the others wider than long ; the transverse median nervure not quite interstitial. $ . Length 15 mm. Sikkim. This species is closely related to /. hhotanensis^ Cam.; that may be known, inter alia, by the absence of a middle keel on the third segment, by the much weaker keel on the first, and by the keel on the second being triangularly dilated at the base. Also to 1. pauperatiiSj Cam. ; tliat has the keel on the second abdominal segment dilated at the base, and it does not reach to the apex of tlie segment ; the space on either side of it is obliquely striated, not perfectly smooth as in the present species. Ipliiaulax sikkimensisj sp. n. Luteous, the abdomen darker coloured, the antennae black. The wings yellowish hyaline to near the top of the transverse basal nervure, dark fuscous beyond, the base of the discoidal cellules being yellowish ; the basal half of the stigma yellow ; the area on base of second abdominal segment narrow, longish, gradually narrowed, running into the keel, stoutly longitu- dinally striated. Abdomen longish oval, broader than the thorax; the basal three segments stoutly longitudinally striated, the striae strongest on the first. Temples broad, roundly narrowed, tbe occiput transverse. ? . Length 12, terebra 4 mm. Sikkim. Face sparsely punctured, covered with long bright fulvous hair. Front and vertex smooth, sparsely haired. Basal half of mandibles luteous, the apical black. The depression on the base of the second segment is closely obliquely striated; the striae on the middle of the segment are strong and intertwine. The basal two abscissae united are as long as the third ; the second cubital cellule is fully three times longer than wide along the cubitus. Comes near to 7. spilopteriiSj Cam. Iphiaulax Hooker sp. n. Luteous, the head paler, more yellowish in tint ; a large broad mark on the front, extending backwards to shortly behind the ocelli, where it is narrowed and rounded ; the third and following segments of the abdomen, tbe bind tibiae from near the base, the hind tarsi, the hind spurs, and the antennae black. Wings yellowish hyaline to tbe top of the 175 from the Oriental Zoological Region. transverse basal nervure, blackish fuscous beyond ; the stigma black. Abdomen smooth ; the apex of first segment finely striated in the middle, the second much more strongly and irregularly striated ; the keel large, the basal half roundly narrowed, smooth, the apex gradually narrowed to a point, followed by a keel nearly as long as the dilated basal part, and which does not quite reach to the apex of the segment; it is bordered in the middle by five or six stout oblique strise, the parts surrounding the base and apex being smooth. Suturiform articulation deep, closely stoutly crenu- lated ; there is a curved lateral branch, which is not quite so strongly crenulated ; the sides of the segment irregularly roughened. $ . Length of body and ovipositor 13 mm. Sikkim. Head large, cubital ; the temples longer than the eyes, slightly rounded, not narrowed ; the occiput transverse. Face distinctly sparsely punctured ; the clypeus is separated from it by a distinct curved furrow, laterally by a depression in which is a round distinct fovea. Mandibles black, except at the base. Palpi testaceous, covered with white hair. Antennal scape slightly more than twice longer than wide, slightly dilated at the apex below. Recurrent nervure inter- stitial. First abdominal segment clearly longer than the second, about one fourth longer than it is wide at the apex. Malar space about one fourth shorter than the length of the eyes. Iphiaulax Camphelli^ sp. n. Black ; the head, the prothorax, the mesonotum laterally at the base, a line bordering the middle lobe, the centre broadly from behind the middle to the apex, and a large oblique mark below the fore wings testaceous ; a mark bordering the sides of the scutellum and a broad line on the lower part of the mesopleuise rufous ; the first abdominal segment, except for a mark, longer than broad, in the centre at the apex and the ventral surface, pale testaceous. Legs black ; the anterior apical joint of middle trochanters, the apical half of middle femora, a streak in their middle above, and the base of middle tibiae testaceous. Wings almost hyaline; the stigma black, testaceous in front and at the base behind, the costa and nervures black ; the recurrent nervure received shortly before the first transverse cubital. $ . Length 8, terebra 3 mm. Sikkim. 17G Mr. P. Cameron on Hymenoptera Abdomen longisli ovate, in tlie middle clearly wider than the thorax, which is equal to it in length ; its first segment a little longer than it is wide at the apex ; the central part gradually roundly narrowed from the apex to the base, longer than wide ; the apical half with a central keel, widest at the base; from it stout strise radiate towards the apex. The central part of the second segment is irregularly longitudinally reticulated-striated, the sides finely rugose, intermixed with strife and punctures ; the suturiform articulation deep, closely crenulated, without an apical lateral branch ; tlie other segments opaque, alutaceous. The sixth and apical segments are whitish testaceous. Antennal scape fully three times longer than wide. The base of the cubitus is straight and runs parallel with the costa before curving down towards the first transverse cubital nervure. Iphiaidaxl tenasserirmnsis, sp. n. Luteous, the flagellum of the antennae black. The wings yellowish hyaline, the nervures and stigma luteous ; the apex of the fore wing from the radius with a narrow smoky border, the hind wings with the apical third smoky ; there is a square blackish cloud between the transverse basal nervure and the base of the stigma, the costa at its apex being also black. The first abdominal segment, except the basal slope, the second entirely, and the third to near the middle, closely, finely, longitudinally striated. ? . Length 13, terebra 7 mm. Domdami Valley, Middle Tenasserim ; October {Bingham). Smooth, except on the basal abdominal segments, densely covered with fulvous pubescence, except on the face, where it is long, sparse, and blackish. Abdomen nearly twice the length of the thorax, not dilated in the middle, as wide as the thorax ; the suturiform articulation wide, deep, striated ; the other furrows narrow, smooth, indistinct. The third abscissa of radius is nearly as long as the basal two united. Temples broad, roundly narrowed ; the occiput transverse. Meso- notum flat behind, the furrows distinct in front. There is no . depression on the sides of the second segment; there is a short, broad, curved furrow on the sides of the third. Ichneumonidae. Tryphoninje. Ciiltrarius purpureotinctas^ sp. n. Black, the apical three segments of the abdomen purple ; the edges of the facial shield (the top more narrowly), the 177 from the Oriental Zoological Region. upper eye-orbits below, and tlie underside of the antennal scape yellow ; the flagellum of antennae brownish below; the underside of the four anterior tibiae and tarsi, the hind femora, a mark on the sides of the first abdominal segment, a broader continuous band on the apices of the second and third, and one on the lateral fourth of the fourth dark red ; the genital armature large, rufo-testaceous. Wings hyaline, very iridescent, the radial cellule and the apical half of the third cellule smoky. . Length 14 mm. Takvar, Darjiling, 4000 feet; April {G. T. Bingham), Head somewhat strongly but not very closely punctured ; the lower part of the face, outside the shield, and the clypeus fully more strongly and more closely punctured ; the occiput and temples smooth, densely covered with white pubescence. Pro- and mesothorax strongly closely punctured, the pleurae more strongly than the top; thescutellum still more strongly punctured, its basal depression wide, deep, with five stout keels ; the end of the apical slope striated. Postscutellum densely covered with long white hair. Areola 6-angled, clearly longer than it is wide at the base, the apical half narrowed, the apex half the width of the base : it has a raised smooth line in the centre ; the rest irregularly wrinkled ; there is a large lateral area, wider than long, its apex broadly rounded, the centre with some large punctures, the apex with a few striae, the apical slope closely rugosely punc- tured. Metapleurae more strongly punctured than the rest, the punctures larger and more widely separated than on the inesopleurae. Abdomen closely strongly punctured ; the first segment raised in the middle, the raised part bordered by keels, which are higher and rounded at the base and depressed in the middle ; the second and fifth segments are indistinctly keeled in the middle, the third and fourth have a more distinctly defined central keel which projects on the apex of the third; the apical two segments are densely covered with short black hair. Mesopleural furrow wide, deep. Areolet large, the nervures not uniting in front ; the recurrent nervure received in the middle. Scutellum uniformly punctured; the lateral teeth large, triangular. Fore calcaria testaceous, the others white. Cultrarius areolatiiSj sp. n. Length 10 mm. . Sikkim. This species resembles closely C. purpnreotmetus in colora- Ann. ^ Mag, N. Hist. Ser. 7. Vol. xix. , 12 178 Mr. P. Cameron on ITymenoptera tion ; tlie differences between them may be expressed thus : — Areola clearly longer than wide, G-angled, the apical half obliquely narrowed, the apex transverse, the lateral area strongly punctured ; scutellum with- out a deep furrow in the middle ; the keels on the centre of the first abdominal st'gment not uniting at the apex, straight ; arc olet not appendiculated ; the hind femora rufous piirpureotincfus. Areola as long as wide, not angled, its apex broadly rounded, the lateral area smooth ; scutellum with a deep furrow in the middle ; the keels on first abdominal segment roundly curved and uniting . at the apex ; the areolet shortly appendiculated ; the hind femora black areolatus. The coloration is the same otherwise, except that the purple tint on the abdomen commences on the second segment, that the scutellar keels are yellow, and that the lines on the second to fifth abdominal segments are narrower, of more uniform thickness, and more yellowish in colour. The puncturation is pretty much the same ; on the second seg- ment of the abdomen it is stronger and more irregular, that segment, too, being shorter compared with the width ; the keels on the second to fourth segments are narrow, but distinct. The calcaria are all whitish. The abdomen is shorter, too, compared with the thorax. Opuionin^. Eyiiscospilus xanthocephalus^ sp. n. Luteous ; the head pale yellow. The wings hyaline, the nervures black, the stigma testaceous : there are two horny points, the basal large, broad and tiansverse at the base; the base above narrow^, transverse ; from there it becomes gradually roundly narrowed to a fine point at the apex ; the second point is close to the middle of the basal abscissa of the radius ; it is longish, narrow, roundly curved towards the radius. Scutellum distinctly keeled laterally from the base to the apex ; the basal half smooth, the apical finely, closely, longitudinally striated. Base of metanotuin smooth ; the depression with some stout stride ; the rest is stoutly striated, the striae clearly separated ; in the centre of the base is a short straight stria ; the striae at the sides of this are longi- tudinal and straight at the base, then curving out obliquely to the sides; the striae on the apical slope are roundly curved from side to side. The centre of propleurae finely obliquely striated ; the lower half of the mesopleurae longitudinally 179 from the Oriental Zoological Region. striated, tlie strlje weaker above and all clearly separated. Base of radius broadly curved downwards; the discocubital nervure broadly roundly curved, but not much, at the apex, its apex widely distant from the commencement of the apical abscissa of the radius. $. May be known from E. reticulatus^ Cam., and E. striatus, Cam., from the Khasias, by the wings having two horny points in addition to the other differences. Length 27 mm. Haundraw Valley, Middle Tenasserim ; August (0. T. Bingham) . Cryftinj!. Melcha ornatipennis^ sp. n. Black ; the scutellum, median segment entirely, the apex of mesopleurte, base of first abdominal segment to shortly beyond the middle, all the femora, and the four hinder coxae red ; the four anterior tibiae and the fore tarsi of a paler red, the middle tarsi fuscous, the anterior coxae and trochanters black ; the hind tibiae and the basal and apical joints of the tarsi black, the middle joints white ; the basal half of pro- notum, apex of postpetiole broadly, the apex of the second segment slightly more narrowly and more irregularly, the apex of the sixth and the apical entirely, white. Wings hyaline, a cloud in the fore wings extending from the base of the stigma to the areolet and the recurrent nervure ; the stigma and nervures black. ^ . Length 9 mm. Salween Valley, Middle Tenasserim ; July (C. T. Bingham). Thorax and head thickly covered with white pubescence. Base of metanotum smooth ; there are two short keels in the middle at the transverse keel ; the rest of the metanotum rather strongly reticulated, almost smooth in the middle at the base ; the metapleurge strongly but more closely reticulated. Propleurge at the apex from shortly above the middle covered with close, stout, curved, longitudinal strise. Areolet not quite square, being slightly longer along the radius than along the transverse cubital nervures ; it is of equal widtli. Allied to M. maculipennis , Cam., from Borneo ; that species has the femora black and the scutellum white. Silsila spilonota, sp. n. Black ; the face, clypeus, a line on the inner orbits, one on the lower third of the outer, the malar space, mandibles 12* 180 Mr. P. Cameron on IJymenoptera (except the teeth), palpi, the dilated base of the pronotum, tegulse, an elongated conical mark at the apex of the midlle lobe of the mesonotum, the broad end at the base and trans- verse, scutellums, scutellar keels, a large curved mark behind the liind wings, the apical slope of the metanotum (the mark continued backwards in the middle, this line becoming gradually narrowed), the apex in the centre with a black line, the lower edge of the propleurse, the line narrowed in front, tubercles, a large mark on the lower part of the meso- pleurae, the top broadly incised, the apex above smaller than the base, a curved mark at the apical half of the sternal furrow, a large elongated conical mark on the metapleura3 and broad bands on the apices of the abdominal segments, yellow. Four front legs pale yellow, infuscated above; hind coxse black, broadly yellow in the middle above, the tro- chanters black ; the femora fulvous, their base narrowly and the apex from near the middle black ; the tibise yellow, tinged with fulvous, the base narrowly and the apical fourth black; the tarsi white, the apex of last joint black. Wings hyaline, the stigma and nervures black. Antennae broadly ringed with white. . Length 13-14 mm. Haundraw Valley, Middle Tenasserim [C. T. Bingham'). Face strongly but not closely punctured; the clypeus with a few punctures above. Front and vertex smooth, a short keel and a few striae on the front below. Mesonotum smooth, the inner half of the outer lobe irregularly reticulated at the apex. The space at the sides of the scutellums irregu- larly stoutly striated. Basal depression of metanotum stoutly crenulated ; the base at the sides stoutly irregularly punctured ; the rest stoutly transversely reticulated. Pro- and mesopleurae stoutly longitudinally striated, the strias roundly curved, the lower part of the latter strongly punc- tured. Metapleuraj strongly punctured above, the punctures distinctly separated, the puncturation below coarser, the ])unctures running into reticulations. Pro- and mesonotum sparsely haired, the metanotum much more densely pilose and with the hair longer. May be known from the two described Himalayan species of ISilsila (fulvipes^ Cam., and hilineata, Cam.) by the large conical mark on the mesonotum. Buodias rugifrons, sp. n. Black ; the face, clypeus, basal half of mandibles, palpi, a 181 from the Oriental Zoological Region, outer, a line on the base of propleurae extending broadly on to the pronotuni, a line on the sides of pronotum, a small conical spot on the apex of the middle lobe of pronotum, scutellum, base of metanotum (the lines narrowed on the inner, dilated on the outer side), a square mark in the centre behind the keel (the middle part narrowed at the base, the line becoming gradually dilated to a triangle), the apical slope, a spot below the hind wings, and the apical three fourths of the metapleuras, the apex of the second abdominal segment, the apical and the ventral segments, pale yellow. Four front legs pale yellow, the femora slightly tinged with fulvous ; the hind legs rufo-fulvous ; the trochanters, apical half of femora, and the tibise from near the middle black ; the tarsi white, narrowly black at the base. Antennae broadly ringed with white. Wings hyaline, the nervures and stigma black. ^ . Length 10 mm. Sikkim. Face closely and strongly punctured, the clypeus smooth. Front closely rugosely reticulated, keeled down the middle, the lower part with a smooth transverse line, clearly separating the rough part ; vertex closely punctured. Mesonotum closely distinctlj?- punctured, except at the sides ; the scutellum smooth. Base of metanotum with scattered punctures ; inside the spiracles is a keel reaching from the base to the apex; there is a keel on the apical half of the white central mark ; the rest is stoutly longitudinally reticulated, mixed with some punctures; the lateral teeth are small. Areolet of almost equal width, longer along the radius than along the transverse cubital nervures, the recurrent nervure received near the middle. This species is smaller than the others ; the areolet is larger and the metanotal spines smaller than usual. Cry plus Binghami, sp. n. Black ; a narrow line on the inner orbits, a similar one on the lower two thirds of the outer, and the tubercles yellowish testaceous ; the legs red ; the coxae, trochanters, and the underside of the four anterior femora to shortly beyond the middle, and a short line on the apex of posterior femora, black ; the apical joints of the four anterior tarsi infuscateci, joints 2-4 of the posterior yellow. Wings hyaline, the nervures and stigma black. $ . Length 13, terebra 4 mm. Darjeeling, 5000 feet ((7. T. Bingham), 182 Mr. P. Cameron on llymenoptera Postscutellum smootli, the sides aeiculated-striated. Pro- pleurae rugose above, the rest stoutly obliquely striated^ tlie striae intermixing more or less; the meso- and meta- pleuise closely coarsely reticulated-punctured. Tibiae sparsely, the tarsi closely spinose. Palpi and mandibles black, the former covered with white pubescence. Head, thorax, and legs densely covered with white pubescence. The front is deeply depressed from the eyes and is strongly, closely, transversely striated. This species is not unlike C. lucuJentus, Cam. ; the two may be separated thus : — Apical keel on metanotum interrupted in the middle ; four anterior femora not lined with black ; the three middle joints of hind tarsi not yellow .... luculentus, Cam. Apical keel on metanotum complete ; the four ante- rior femora broadly lined with black ; the three middle joints of hind tarsi yellow Binghami. C. Binghami is a more slenderly built species than lucu- Jentus ] the front is more deeply depressed and is more distinctly transversely striated ; the scutellum is more promi- nent and has the sculpture rougher and more irregular. The male of Binghami has the inner orbits more broadly yellow than in the female ; it differs further in the face having in the middle of the top above a yellow mark, longer than wide and narrowly projecting at the sides above ; the clypeus and mandibles are for the greater part yellow, as are also the greater part of the anterior coxae and trochanters ; the middle coxae and trochanters are yellow on the outer side, C, luculentus has been taken by Col. Bingham at Darjiling, . 7000 feet, in March. IcRNE UMONINJE. ICHNEUMONINI. Lagarista, gen. nov. Scutellum not much raised, quadrate, stoutly keeled laterally to the top of the apical slope. Metanotum regularly areolated ; the areola about two and a half times longer than wide, rounded and slightly narrowed at the base, rounded inwardly at the apex ; the lateral basal areas confluent, the petiolar area absent. Antennae distinctly dilated towards the apex. Apex of clypeus broad, transverse. Apical tooth of mandibles long, narrowed gradually towards the apex ; the Bubapical tooth short, turned inwardly. Base of petiole broader at the base than it is thick dorso-ventrally — broader 183 from the Oriental Zoological Regioa. tlian in Ichneumon^ but not so broad as in Plati/lahls. There aie seven abdominal segments ; the last broad at the apex, two thirds of the length of the penultimate ; the ventral fold extends to the apex ot the fourth segment. Arcolet 5-angled ; the discocubjtai nervure unbroken ; the transverse median nervure interstitial. Tarsi closely spinose. The ovipositor is long, distinctly projecting, as long as the apical two segments united. The head is as wide as the thorax ; it is large, but not behind, the temples being short, the occiput rounded in- wardly, the cheeks sharply margined. Labrum hidden. The antenna3 are longer than the body, slender, except at the dilated apical part ; the basal joints of the flagellum elongate, the first slightly longer than the second. Postpetiole striated. The systematic position of this genus is not clear. The form of the metanotum is as in the Iclmeumonini, and it cannot therefore be referred to the Joppini. For the present I refer it to the former tribe. It is clearly related to the Ceylonese Aluinaj Cam. ; that genus may be known by the areola being much wider compared with the length, by the much wider temples, and by the discocubital nervure being broken by a stump. The form of the metanotal areola separates the Ceylonese Deniya from it; that genus may be further known by the almost obsolete temples, transverse occiput, and by the apex of the clypeus being rounded. Lagarista mucaUscatis^ sp. n. Black ; the head except the centre of the vertex (covering the ocelli), the front, and the occiput except the outer edges, a line on the top and bottom of prothorax, two narrow longish lines in the middle of the mesonotum, scutellar keels, scutel- lum except for a conspicuous black conical mark in the centre, postscutellum, an irregular mark in the centre of the lateral basal arese of the metanotum, the apical lateral areas, the yellow extending slightly below them, the greater part of the lower half of the inesopleurEe, a large spot behind the hind wings, the metapleurae from behind the middle, and the apices of the abdominal segments (the lines on the basal three broad and dilated laterally — that on the fifth narrow and interrupted in the middle, that on the sixth in the centre only, and the last entirely), pale yellow. Legs fulvous; the four anterior coxae and trochanters pale yellow, the hinder femora more reddish in tint ; the hind coxae yellow, fulvous on the outer side and blackish at the apex above; the apex of the hind femora, of the hind tibiae more broadly, and of the 184 Mr. P. Cameron on Ihjmc)\oj)lera basal half of the metatarsus black ; the hind tarsi white. Wings hyaline, the stigma testaceous, the nervures blackish. Flagellum of antennae broadly ringed with white. ? . ]jength 11 mm. Sikkim. Face distinctly but not closely punctured, the clypeus with a few scattered punctures above; front below the ocelli finely closely striated. Mesonotum closely, regularly, somewhat strongly punctured ; the scutellum with a few large punctures in the centre. Posterior median area furrowed round the edges except at the apex ; it is smooth, as are also the parts at its base; the rest of the segment closely strongly punc- tured except the posterior median area, which is strongly irregularly striated. Meso- and metapleurae closely strongly punctured ; the propleurae smooth, striated at the apex. Abdomen closely punctured, the centre of postscutellum finely striated. J 0 P P I N I. LissOPHADNUS, gen. nov. Scutellum rather flat, distinctly keeled laterally to the commencement of the apical slope. Areola represented by a small, smooth, flat, curved tubercle, widely distant from the base of the metanotum. Posterior median area with the apical half narrower than the basal ; the apical lateral area com- mences at the end of the basal part, it is narrow, sharply pointed at the top, becoming gradually widened towards the apex ; the basal lateral arese are large, square, confluent, there being no petiolar area; the apical large, wide at the base, gradually narrowed towards the apex ; the spiracular area distinct. Clypeus not separated, its apex transverse. Labrum projecting. Occiput deeply incised, margined. Areolet large, 5 -angled ; transverse median nervure received distinctly beyond the transverse basal. Petiole long, narrow, the postpetiole gradually widened. Mandibles unequally dentate. Body uniformly rufo-testaceous; the wings hyaline. 'Disco- cubital nervure broken by a stump, as is also the recurrent nervure. The second and following segments of the abdomen closely punctured, the first smooth and shining. The form of the metanotum and its areola is as in Dimcetha^ which genus may be known from the present by the scutel- lum not being flat and not keeled, by the areolet being narrowed in front, 4-angled, by the discocubital and recurrent nervures being unbroken, by the wings being clouded at the apex, and by the postpetiole being strongly punctured. 185 from the Oriental Zoological Region. Lissophadnus testaceusj sp. n. Testaceous, tending to rufous-ferruginous ; the antennae beyond the sixteenth joint black, the middle joints tinged with yellow. • Wings clear hyaline, highly iridescent, slightly violaceous towards the apex. $ . Length 22 mm. Runjit Valley, 1500 feet, Sikkim; April [G. T. Bing- ham) . Base of metanotum at the sides sparsely but strongly punctured ; the lateral middle area rugosely punctured at the base, transversely reticulated-punctured at the apex ; the posterior median area irregularly transversely striated ; more or less reticulated at the apex ; the lateral apical arese are coarsely reticulated ; the segment is thickly covered with pale pubescence. Pieurse closely punctured ; the lower apical part of propleurae striated. Clypeus somewhat strongly but not closely punctured in the middle ; the sides and face smooth, almost bare. Labrum fringed with long golden hair. Front depressed; the inner orbits margined. Tips of mandibles black. Tarsi closely spinose. Acanthojopp)a flavo-orhitalisj sp. n. Luteous; the sides of the face, clypeus broadly, the orbits broadly, and the pleurae tinged with yellow : the middle of antenna? tinged with yellow ; tlie eighteenth and following joints black. Wings hyaline, the basal half tinged with fulvous ; the stigma and costa rufo-testaceous, the nervures black. $ . Length 14 mm. Domdami Valley; October ((7. T. Bingham) , Face strongly closely punctured, the upper part of the clypeus as strongly but not so closely punctured. Front and vertex smooth, the upper part of the front raised, surrounded at the sides and below by a smooth, bare, shining depression. Mesonotum closely finely punctured, depressed on either side laterally at the base ; the scutellum more strongly punctured and thickly covered with long pale fuscous pubescence; the apical incision broad, rounded, not deep. Base of metanotum irregularly punctured ; the areola round the sides and base reticulated, the apex in the middle closely, strongly, longitudinally striated; the second lateral arese closely reticulated ; the apical slope strongly transversely striated. Propleurse on the upper half perpendicularly striated, below irregularly, more strongly reticulated-striated. 18G Mr. P. Cameron on ITi/menoptera ]\Icso])leura3 closely, strongly, irregularly punctured, more or less striated in the middle and at the apex belov\\ Meta- pleurae coarsely rugosely punctured, more or less coarsely striated below. Petiole smooth ; the second segment is more strongly punctured than the others. The transverse cubital nervures meet in front ; the recurrent nervure is received shortly beyond the middle. The areola is large, longer than wide, rounded at the base, transverse at the apex, the sides bulging out where the trans- verse keel joins them ; the pubescence on the apical slope long, dense, fuscous; the spines broad, rounded; its centre raised. Comes near to A. tinctipennis, Cam. Xantliojoppa latihalteata^ sp. n. Pale yellow ; a line covering the ocelli and extended down to near the antennm, three broad lines on the rnesonotum (a transverse one uniting them at the apex), the scutellar de- pression, a line round the base of the metanotum, the greater part o£ the areola, the posterior median area, a broad band across the pronotum, a line on the top of the mesopleurge, one down the base of the metapleurse, one behind the hind coxae, a mark (longer than wide) commencing near the middle and extending on to the postpetiole, a band on the second segment extending from the base to shortly beyond the middle, one on the basal half of the third with the apex transverse, and semi- circular ones on the basal half of the fourth, fifth, and sixth, the underside of the hind coxae except at tlie base, the mark continued above obliquely to the upper inner edge, the hind femora except below, the apical two thirds of the hind tibiae, and the hind tarsi, black. Wings hyaline, iridescent, the stigma testaceous, the nervures black. , Length 12 mm. Domdanu Valley, Middle Tenasserim ; October ((7. T, Bingham), Areola retieulated ; the upper third of the posterior median area longitudinally, the rest transversely, reticulated, the rest of the segment closely rugosely punctured, the apical slope thickly covered with fuscous pubescence. Pro- and mesothorax distinctly punctured, closely on the rnesonotum ; the scutellum more strongly punctured and tliickly covered with longish fuscous pubescence. Scape and pedicle of an- tennae rufo-testaceous, the rest black, the basal joints testaceous below. Petiole smooth ; the second and third segments are closely distinctly punctured ; the gastrocoeli small, transverse, 187 from the Oriental Zoological Region, pmootli, testaceous ; behind them are two long keels, with a shorter keel on the outer and inner side. Areolet 4-angled, distinctly narrowed in front ; the recurrent nervure is received shortly beyond the middle ; the discocubital nervure unbroken, the transverse median received beyond the transverse basal. Allied to X. 2>-lineata^ Cam., which may be known by the absence of black on the hind legs, by the black line on occiput, and by the narrower abdominal black bands. Amhlyjoppa Binghami, sp. n. Black ; the basal three segments of abdomen red ; the face (except for an anchor-shaped black mark down its centre), the clypeus (except for a small conical mark on its apex in the middle), the upper inner orbits (the line not reaching to the ocelli), a line on the lower two thirds of the outer (the line becoming gradually wider below, extending obliquely to the outer side of the mandibles), a broad line on the pronotum, tegulse, tubercles, a squarish mark on the lower side of the mesopleurae extending on to the sternum, two lines in the centre of mesonotum, scutellar keels, scutellum from shortly behind the middle, postscutellum, a mark almost filling the apical lateral arege of metanotum, and the broad apical part of the sides of postpetiole, yellow. Legs yellow, densely covered with white pubescence; the hind femora red ; the outer apical half of the fore femora, the middle femora (except the apical half below), the hind coxa3 (except for a large mark above), the base and apex of hind femora narrowly, the apex of the hind tibiae more broadly, and the hind tarsi, black. Wings hyaline to the base of stigma, smoky violaceous beyond, the nervures and stigma black. Antennal scape yellow below, the flagellum witli a narrow yellowish band. ? . Length 20 mm. Sikkim, Runjit Valley, 1000 feet ; April T. Bingham). Head and thorax closely strongly punctured and thickly covered with white pubescence. The areola small, roundly narrowed to a point behind ; the point dilated, the bordering keels smooth, shining, the apical narrower, less distinct, broadly rounded inwardly ; the inner sides furrowed, the centre shining, irregularl}" wrinkled. The basal arege acicu- lated at the base, the rest irregularly punctured ; the other area3 strongly punctured, the posterior median stoutly trans- versely striated. Scutellum slightly roundly raised, the sides keeled to the middle. Pleurae closely punctured, the lower half of propleurse irregularly striated. Petiole keeled laterally. 188 Mr. P. Cameron on Ilymenoptera and with a less distinct keel down the middle ; the post- ])etiule closely strongly striated in the middle, the sides almost smooth ; the second to sixth segments closely punc- tured, the puncturation becoming gradually weaker ; the second and third striated down the middle. Gastrocoeli deep, smooth. This species is not unlike A. rufocincta, Cam., in colora- tion ; it differs in the scutellum being longer compared with the width, more raised at the base, and with the lateral keels longer and more distinct, and the areola is smaller and more narrowed — more sharp-pointed — at the base. Amhlyjoppa iridipennis, sp. n. Dark rufo-testaceous ; the apical two thirds of the meso- pleura3 above, the apical half below, the metapleurae, rneta- notum, the basal segment of abdomen, and the second to shortly beyond the middle, the mesosternum (except for a triangular space on either side at the base), the hind coxae, and the base of the trochanters above, black. The basal sixteen joints of antennae yellow, tinged with red, the rest black. Wings uniformly fuscous violaceous, the nervures and stigma black. $ . Length 18 mm. Sikkim. Head and thorax somewhat strongly closely punctured ; the eye-orbits are tinged with yellow, the yellow tinge broader on the lower outer orbits. The apex of mesonotum lighter-coloured in the middle. Base of metanotum strongly punctured (except for a smooth space bordering the areola) ; the latter is gradually narrowed from the apex to the base, which is rounded, narrow; the apex is rounded inwardly, the keel narrow, irregular; the outer edge of the inner side is irregularly narrowly depressed ; in the centre is an irregular depression, and there are two smaller ones at the apex; the apical slope is irregularly strongly reticulated, the posterior median area more strongly than the lateral. Abdomen closely punctured, strongly at the base, weaker towards the apex ; the second segment depressed at the base, between the gastrocoeli, closely striated ; the latter has four stout clearly separated keels on the inner half and one near the outer side. Amhlyjoppa ? maculicolliSj sp. n. Black ; the face, clypeus, mandibles, and the orbits nar- rowly, yellow; the front and vertex yellow, suffused with 189 from tlte Oriental Zoological Region, rufous ; the occiput and temples rufous, the mesonotum an I scutellum of a deeper rufous colour, tlie scutellum darker coloured ; a yellowisli-rufous line, dilated behind, on the pronotum ; the anterior legs reddish testaceous; the middle tibise in front testaceous, the middle femora fuscous in front. Wings fuscous violaceous, the nervures and stigma black ; the areolet 4-angled, the nervures meeting in front. Areola moderately large, horseshoe-shaped ; the apex rounded inwardly. ^ . Length 15 mm. Middle Tenasserim, Salween Valley ; July {C. T, Bing^ ham) . Basal half of areola smooth, bordered laterally by a deep furrow; the apical half coarsely rugosely punctured. Head closely punctured, the apex of clypeus with only a few" scattered punctures. Front furrowed down the centre, the furrow narrowed tow^ards the apex. Thorax closely distinctly punctured, the scutellum more strongly than the mesonotum and thickly covered with blackish-fuscous hair. The rneta- notum at the base strongly punctured, the punctures distinctly separated ; on the rest the puncturation is closer, more rugose, and more or less running into reticulations, on the posterior median area transversely reticulated. The meso- notum is densely covered with short fulvous pubescence ; on the median segment the pubescence is longer and black, on it also the black is suffused with brown. Abdomen strongly closely punctured, the puncturation becoming weaker towards the apex; gastrocoeli strongly regularly striated, the space between them being also striated. The malar space is black ; a black spot connects the ocelli to the eyes. This species differs from the typical form in the transverse cubital nervures being united in front. This may not, however, be a constant difference. Amhlyjoppa rujicepsy sp. n. Black ; the head reddish, the face and clypeus more yellowish in tint ; a squarish black mark joins the ocelli to the eyes ; the fore legs testaceous, darker above ; the antennal scape reddish testaceous, the flagellum brownish below at the base. Wings uniformly fuscous violaceous, the nervures and stigma black. J . Length 14 mm. Middle Tenasserim, Salween Valley; July {C. T. Bing, ham). Areola longer than wide, transverse at the base, becoming 190 ]\rr. r. Cameron on Ilymenoj^tera gradually obliquely widened to beyond the middle ; the sides at the apex not quite straight ; the apex not clearly margined, broadly rounded inwardly; the segment is closely rugosely j)unc(ured, more closely rugosely on the apical slope ; there is a longish narrow triangular area bordering the apical half of the posterior median ; it is coarsely transversely striated. The pro- and mesothorax are closely strongly punctured, the inetapleurae more strongly than the rest ; below the middle is a stout curved keel. The scutellum is more strongly but not so closely punctured as the mesonotum and is thickly covered with black pubescence. Abdomen closely punc- tured, the ])ostpetiole more coarsely than the rest, the apical segments more weakly. Gastrocoeli deep, bearing stout curved strige. Tegul^e testaceous. Tubercles dark rufous, d’he black on the upper part of the body is slightly tinged with brown, especially on the metanotum ; the middle coxa3 are fuscous. There is a short but distinct stump on the discocubital nervure. Apart from the difference in coloration and in the form of the areola, this species differs from A. macuUceps in having a stout curved keel on the lower part of the metapleurge. Amhlyjoppa maculiceps^ sp. n. Black ; the face, clypeus, labium, and base of mandibles yellow ; the front, vertex, outer orbits, and occiput yellow, largely suffused with rufous ; a line on the pronotum, dilated at the apex, red, tinged with yellow ; the mesonotum (except at the sides and base) narrowly rufous; the fore legs (except the coxte, trochanters, and base of femora) black ; the middle tibiae tinged with testaceous at the base and in front. Wings uniformly dark fuscous violaceous, the nervures and stigma black. Areola semicircular. Antennal scape yellow, the flagellum brownish below. A • Length 17 mm. Middle Tenasserim, Salween Valley; July ((7. T. Bing- ham) . Face and clypeus strongly, closely, regularly punctured ; the labrurn as closely but not so strongly punctured ; the vertex distinctly but not so closely or so strongly punctured as the face ; a smooth space at the sides of the ocelli, which are joined to the eyes by a broad black spot ; there is a deep clearly defined furrow in the centre of the front, bordered by a raised distinctly punctured part ; it extends to the middle ; the part below is very smooth and shining, bare ; the sides are smooth excc})t near the eyes, where they are punctured. 191 from the Oriental Zoological Region. Pro- and mesothorax distinctly regularly punctured; the Kcutellum is more strongly punctured and is thickly covered with black pubescence. The metanotum is much more strongly and closely, almost rugosely punctured ; the areola wider than long, broadly rounded at the base, semicircular ; the apex irregular and slightly turned inwardly ; inside it is irregularly rugosely punctured, depressed on either side at the base, and with a smooth transverse space at the base ; the segment is tliickly covered wdth black pubescence. The basal four segments of the abdomen are closely punctured, the puncturation becoming gradually weaker; the base of the ])etiole is smooth in the middle; the postpetiole closely rugosely punctured. The antennae are as long as the abdomen, serrate, distinctly tapering towards the apex. Amhlgjopiia rnficaada^ sp. n. Black ; the head, prothorax, mesonotum, the fourth and following segments of the abdomen, the anterior legs, the apex of the middle femora broadly, of the hinder more narrowly, and the four posterior tibiae and tarsi, rufo-testa- ceous ; the nineteen to twenty basal joints of antennas reddish yellow, the rest black. Wings uniformly dark fuscous violaceous, the nervures and stigma black. ^ . Length 14-19 mm. Salween Valley, Middle Tenasserim; July {C. T. Bing- ham). Face and clypeus closely, somewhat strongly and uniformly punctured ; the front and vertex are not so closely, regularly, nor so strongly punctured. Pro- and mesothorax closely distinctly punctured ; the mesonotum densely covered with fulvous pubescence ; the scutellum and metanotum (except at the base) densely covered with longer black pubescence. The metanotum is more strongly rugosely punctured ; the posterior median area is more or less transversely striated, the striae running into reticulations ; the outer apical areae coarsely reticulated, the apex of the spiracular area is more coarsely punctured and more or less striated-reticulated than the rest. The lower part of the propleurae is irregularly, stoutly, obliquely striated. Abdomen closely punctured, strongly at the base, becoming weaker towards the apex ; the apical segments are densely covered with fulvous pubes- cence. Gastrocoeli deep, large, the base and inner side with curved striae, the rest more strongly longitudinally striated. The areola is broader at the apex than it is long, the base 192 Mr. E. I. Pocock on the broadly rounded, half the width of the apex, wliicli is sligditly rounded inwardly; the bordering keel is shining, flat, sniootli, broad at the base ; the apex is broadly depressed, flnely rugosely punctured, the rest irregularly punctured and aciculated. XXII. — On the Blaclc-and~tan Pattern of Domestic Dogs (Canis fainiliaris). By R. I. PocoCK, F.L.S., F.Z.S., Superintendent of the Zoological Society's Gardens. In ^ The Variation of Animals and Plants under Domestication,^ pp. 33-35 (ed. 1905), the black-and-tan pattern of domestic dogs is discussed at some length. Darwin was led to investi- gate the question somewhat fully in the hope that he might thereby discover a clue to the origin of our breeds amongst wild species; but failing to find tlie tan-coloured spots over the eyes either depicted in any drawings of wolves, jackals, and other species of Canis^ or visible on any skins in the collection of the British Museum, he came to the conclusion that the coexistence of these spots with tan-coloured paws is probably a case of correlated variation. Apart from suggesting that a now extinct species involved in the pedigree of domestic dogs may have possessed these spots, he offered no other explanation of the highly remark- able^^ fact of the occurrence of these spots in extremely different breeds, living in various parts of the world."’'’ The phenomenon, however, appears to me to be susceptible of a quite simple explanation. In a typical black-and-tan dog, whatever the breed, the tan is distributed as follows : — on the sides of the muzzle and lips, the lower half of the cheeks, and the throat; a spot over the inner corner of the eye, very frequently on the inside of the ear, and as a large patch on each side of the chest above the base of the fore legs ; on the paws of the fore legs and on the hind legs below the hock ; to a somewhat variable degree on the inner sides of the legs, but extending over the front of the hind leg up to the body ; on the circumanal area and on tlie underside of the tail, at least in its proximal portion. The rest of the animal is black. If a dog thus coloured be com- |)ared with many of the common wild species of Canidae, it will be seen that the tan occurs over areas which in the wild species are paler than the rest of the body, owing to the fading or absence of the black annuli which prevail in the 193 Blade- and-tan Pattern of Domestic Dogs. liair elsewhere, and tlmt the black corresponds to the darker portions of the body, where the hair is richly pigmented, in the wild animals. This statement only needs qualification with respect to the tan spots over the eyes, the homologues of which are by no means always visible in wild dogs, or, at all events, are not sufficiently evident to carry absolute conviction as to their presence. This is the case with examples of the following species now living in the Zoological Gardens : — Canis latranSj anthus^ lupasteVy aureus^ and mesomelas^ \ Guon duhhunensis ?c(\di alpinus. On the other hand they are detect- able, though minute, in some examples of Vulpes vulpes^ and visible, though not conspicuous, in two Dingos which I have reason to think have a mongrel strain of domestic dog. In the case, however, of the wolves now or lately living in the Gardens, namely in a Siberian example of C. lupuSj in three specimens of C, lupus occidentalism and in one of C, pallipesm there is no possibility of overlooking them. Although not emphasized by a setting of jet-black hair, they nevertheless show up as pale spots relatively as large as the corresponding tan spots in dogs. Their conspicuousness in these species suggests, though it does not prove, a preponderance of the wolf strain over that of jackals in our breeds of domestic dogs. Black-and-tan dogs may be termed melanescent, or, preferably, nigrescent sports. Were they completely melan- istic or perfect ^‘melanos^^ fkey would be black all over, as many dogs are. It is evident that the tan stands in the same relation to the pale areas as the black does to the more heavily pigmented areas of the wild species; and it is a highly interesting fact that the nigrescent sport throws back to the type of pattern characteristic of a parent form. Tan is merely one of the shades of that class of colour which is commonly called erythristic ; and, assuming the truth of the above-given explanation of the occurrence of tan in dogs, it appears that albinism, erythrism, and melanism are three consecutive stages in colour-variation, erythrism being the incipient stage either of albinism or melanism, according as the organism is albescent or nigrescent — that is to say, assuming or tending to assume the albino or melano livery. I believe this law of colour-change will prove to be capable of wide application in the Mammalia and probably outside the limits of that class. For example, there are in the Zoological Gardens at the present time some black-and-tan mouHon [Ovis musimon) . In these animals the white portions of the typical wild sheep are tan and the rest of the coat * This is not strictly true of all examples of this species. Ann. dc Mag. N. Hist. Ser. 7. Vol. xix. 13 11)4 Dr. A. Vaughan on Seminula. lieavily suffused with black, exactly as in the case of black- and-tan dogs. They are intermediate in colour between a ty])ical mouflon and a completely melanistic sport of that species; and, be it noted, they commonly produce perfectly black lambs. They furnish an instance of the tan being the halfway stage between white and black in organisms assuming a black pelage. Conversely, as examples of the tan or red being the inter- mediate stage between the normal and the albino sport, may be cited yellow or ‘‘ginger” varieties of domestic cats, which frequently at all events, and perhaps always, have the pads of the feet pink instead of black ; and also red-haired blue- eyed types of some Jews, whose colour Prof. Haddon speaks of as a kind of minor albinism. In support of this 1 may add that in the ‘ Sketch ^ for Nov. 14th, 1906, there was a photo- graph of a Kaffir reported to have had a white skin, pale blue eyes, and short, woolly, yellow hair. It is well known that some wholly white, or partially white cats like Siamese have blue eyes. Hence the blueness of the iris appears to be a sign of albescence both in the human and the feline species. XXIII. — Seminula : a Note hi/ Aethur Vaughan, B.A., D.Sc., F.G.S. In the Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 7, vol. xviii., Nov. 1906, pp. 321-327, ]\lr. S. S. Buckman, F.G.S. questions the accepted use of certain Carboniferous generic names and suggests somewhat drastic alterations. He has, in the case of Seminula^ drawn attention to as pretty a tangle as palaeontologists have ever made, and I have to acknowledge his very courteous aid in my attempt to unravel it. I shall content myself with the statement of the results which I have obtained from a careful examination of Sj'^eci- mens and figures at the British Museum, and, in this work, I am under a pleasant sense of obligation to Dr. F. A. Bather and Mr. C. D. Slierborn. The question of priority in names must be left to experts in nomenclature. Seminula. The genotype is stated by Mr. Buckman to be Terehratula fentuedra^ Philh, and in this opinion he has the support of Hall & Claike and Schuchert. It is only necessary, there- fore, to discover to what genus this species belongs. 195 Dr. A. Vciuglian on Semlnula. The figure of the species given in the ‘ Geology of York- shire/ pt. 2, pi. xii. fig. 3, is a good and truthful representa- tion of a specimen in the Gilbertson Collection (Brit. Mus.) which has been type-labelled without any expression of doubt. The figure is very slightly enlarged, as is usual with all Phillips’s drawings, but there cannot be any reasonable doubt that this specimen is the holotype of the species, and no such doubt has been previously suggested. Description of the Holotype of Terehratula pentaecha, Phill. (the Genotype of Seminula) . The type specimen has lost the greater part of its test, and consequently the characters of the external ornament are not so obvious as could be desired. Form. — The size and outline of the shell agree closely with those of the holotype of Spirifer ambignus^ Sow., with which I have carefully compared Phillips’s specimen ; the two shells have the same pentagonal outline, the same position of maximum width, and the beak is ‘‘ produced in the same manner in each. Whereas, however, Spir, amhiguufi is strongly convex. Ter. pentaedra is rather strikingly flattened (a character reminiscent of Ter. hastata^ Sow.). Hinge-line and Fold. — Tiie valve-intersection is continu- ously curved in the beak-region ; it lies completely in one plane, except for the shallow lobe which marks the extremity of the mesial fold. The mesial fold is marked out on the cast by two strong radial ridges, separated by a broad shallow depression, and the whole fold is raised but little above the level of the flanks. In Spir. amhiguus, Sow., the mesial fold is formed on the same pattern, but is prominently raised above the flanks of the shell. Pedicle- valve. — The test being partly removed from the beak-region, the cast of the pedicle-cavity is satisfactorily exposed ; it exhibits a narrow flattened area, bounded on either side by a precipitous drop, indicating the presence of strong dental plates. These characters are possessed in common by all Athyrids. There is no evidence as to the size of the aperture. Structure of Test. — The test, where preserved, is minutely fibrous and impunctate, but it is doubtful whether the outer- most layer of the test is anywhere present. Surface-ornament. — (a) Concentric. Two or three con- centric ridges on the cast indicate marked growth- halts. 19G Dr. A. Vaughan on Semlnula. (Z>) Radial. There is no clear indication, either on the cast or on the remnant of the test, of the impressed glabri- striation which characterizes the Athyrids provided with fringed or ribbed flounces [Cleiothyris and Actinoconchus) . [On the same tablet with the type specimen of Ter, pent- aedra in the Gilbertson Collection are nine other specimens. Eight of these have well-preserved double- valves, and can be assigned with certainty to an Athyrid provided with fringed or ribbed flounces, by reason of the radial impressed ornament and the low beak. It was probably on the evidence of these specimens that Phillips accredited a minute perforation to his species Ter, peyitaedra. These specimens differ completely from the type specimen in form, beak, ornament, and nature of fold. The remaining specimen on the tablet (a cast) approaches more closely to the type specimen both in form and beak, but differs in exhibiting conspicuous glabristriation. Where broken it exhibits part of a spire.] Discrimination of the Genotype of Seniinula from other Genera. The holotype of Terehratula pentaedra, Phillips, differs from the following genera in the characters subjoined. From Camarophoria [genotype: Terehratula Schlotheimi ^ von Buch] in the fact that the dental plates do not unite, absence of mesial septum, absence of angular plaits, low mesial fold, &c. From Martinia [genotype : Spirifer glaher (Martin)] in presence of dental plates, absence of area, excavated mesial fold, &c. Yyou\ Dielasma [genotype: Terehratula elongatus (Schlo- theim)] in impunctate test and the nature of fold. From the Athyrids with fringed or ribbed flounces \_Gleio- thyris (King), genotype : Atrypa pectinifera, J. de 0. Sow.] in the outline, the nature of the fold, the absence of glabri- striation, and the produced beak. From Actinoconchus [genotype : Actinoconchus paradoxus^ M‘Coy (which is united with Spirifer planosulcatus^ Pliilh, by Davidson)] in the deflection of the valve-intersection and the presence of a mesial fold, the absence of a mesial septum in the pedicle-valve, and the absence of glabristriation. On the other hand, the type specimen of Seminula agrees in all its generic characters with Spirifer amhiguus^ Sow,, from which it only differs specifically in the lower fold and more flattened shell [as was pointed out by Davidson (Pal. 197 Dr. A. Vaughan on Seininiila. Soc., Garb. Bracli. p. 78) in explanation of the fact that he queried his own assertion that Ter. pentacdray Phill. was a synonym of S^^irifer ambiguuSj Sow.]. Ter'ehratula serninula^ Phillips, Geology of Yorkshire, pt. 2, pi. xii. figs. 21, 22, 23. Since M‘Ooy himself, in his ‘Palaeozoic Fossils^ (1855), subsequently stated that this species was the type of Semi- nulttj I also examined the specimens which are assigned to this species in the Gilbertson Collection. From the catalogue of the collection it appears that there were originally fifteen specimens ; there are now only ten, and one of these is a small Spiriferid. The remaining nine all obviously belong to the same species and are closely related to Camarophoria glohulina^ at least generically. (Davidson t very justly draws attention to the presence of a strong mesial septum in the pedicle-valve, visible through the test.) It cannot be reasonably doubted that the specimen actually figured by Phillips (fig. 21, loc. cit.') had the same general characters, although none of the actual nine specimens can be definitely considered to agree with his figure. Hence, in all probability, and as Davidson stated, the type of Terehratula seminula^ Phill., is a Camarophoria (so long only as that genus continues to include Terehratula glohulina^ Phillips). COMPOSITA, Brown. As Mr. Buckman has pointed out, Brown states very definitely that “ the genus [i. e. Gompositai] is founded upon the Spirifer arnhiguus of Sowerby.^^ Unfortunately it is equally clear that Brown had an erroneous conception of Sowerby’s species, for his figures of Gomposita amhigua (‘ Fossil Conchology^ (1845), pi. liv.* figs. 4 & 5) represent Spirifer [Martinia] glaber (Martin), and not Sowerby’s species, Spirifer ambiguus. Brownes figure exhibits the following differences from the holotype ]: of Spirifer ambiguus. Sow. : — (1) Large size : the figure measures l''*2 x 1", very un- usual dimensions for a Seminula. t Loc. cit. p. 116. j This holotype, which is represented in the two uppermost figures on pi. ccclxxvi. Min. Conch., is a small double-valved specimen, preserved in the Sowerby Collection in the British Museum. The other two figures of the plate depict a very imperfect pedicle- valve and a mere fragment of a brachial valve, neither of which can be accepted as adequate definition of a species. 198 Dr. A. Vaugliaa on Seiniiiula. (2) Marked traiisverseiiess : Spirifer ambigaas is typically an elongated shell. (d) The sides of the shell have a continuoasly uniform curvature : in Spinfer amhigans the curvature is strong at the point of maximum width, but the outline becomes rapidly straight above and below that poii.t. (4) The fold is uniformly convex in transverse section : in S. amhigans the section is flattened and usually excavated on the top of the fold. (h) The fold is strongly semiconical and extends to the beak : a character very common in the Spiriferids, but almost unknown in the Athyrids. (6) A short straight hinge-line, extending the width of the beak of the brachial valve (as indicated by the approximation of the valve-intersection to a horizontal direction on either side). (7) The absence of any concentric growth-halts and com- plete smoothness : Seminula usually exhibits strong concentric growth- halts. The depiction of a perforated beak is quite negligible, for the perforation, as drawn, is much too large to be the unbroken aperture of S. ambiguuSj and, unfortunately, specimens of Martinia glabra with the beak perforated in this way are sadly common. As a matter of mere personal experience, many specimens of Martinia glabra may be collected which agree with Brownes figure of Composita ambigua, but I have never seen a specimen of S. ambiguus which has any right to be identified with it. Hence it seems clear that, though undoubtedly Brown thought that his conception of Composita included Spirifer ambiguus, Sow., he did so in error. Here is another problem for the expert in nomenclature! Luckily, Martinia has precedence over Composita, and conse- quently escapes the danger of rejection in favour of Brownes genus. I should like to tender my thanks to Dr. Ivor Thomas, of H.M. Geol. Survey, for assistance in examining the Gilbertson specimens, and also for pointing out to me, several months ago, that Seminula was sickening for a serious illness. As Dr. Thomas will [>robably explain his own views, 1 need say no more beyond expressing the hope that my old and trusted friend Seminula will “ pull through.’'' Blhliogrrtphlcal Notice. 199 BIBLIOGRAPHICAL NOTICE. Illustrations of British Bloodsucking Flies, luith Notes by Ernest Edward Austen. London : Printed by Order of the Trustees of the British Museum, 1906. The student of British Diptera has many difficulties to contend with, and not the least of these is the absence of any good descrip- tive handbook, especially one that is illustrated. The Lepidoptera, Coleoptera, Aculeate Hymenoptera, Hemiptera, the Dragonflies and the Sawflies have all been monographed and well illustrated by British authors, but with the exception of Walker’s work, published in the “ fifties” and now scarce and out of print (containing a few plain lithographic plates), and the few plates in Curtis’s ‘ British Entomology,’ there is nothing to help the collector of two-winged flies. A book like the one now under consideration will therefore be eagerly welcomed by the small but rapidly growing band of British dipterists. Although the scope of the work, as indicated by its title, does not admit of a purely scientific arrangement, yet the volume gives us what is practically a pictorial monograph of the Culicidae, Tabanidae, and Hippoboscidae, while a few members of the Chironomidae, Simuliidae, and Muscidae are necessarily included. Of the thirty-four plates it is impossible to speak too highly. Executed by the three-colour process, on paper which is reputed to be perma- nent, they are superb specimens of this comparatively new art, and far surpass anything which has been attempted before in illustration of this order of insects, either in this country or abroad, save, of course, the splendid Monograph on the Tsetse Flies by the same author and issued under the same auspices. No one attempting to name examples in the three families more fully represented need have any difficulty with the present work before him, and yet in the past even the large and handsome Tabanid® were far from easy to determine. Take, for example, the two species of Cleg, Ilcemato- ■pota pluvialis and H. crassicornis, both of fairly wide distribution. It is impossible to imagine more beautiful and accurate figures of these two species than those given on plates xi. and xii., while the specific distinctions {e. g. the basal joint of the antenna, the black spots on the frons, the light lines on the thorax, and the mottled pattern on the wings) are strikingly shown. The text is short but useful. It might have been more useful if attention had been paid to the published records of the flies in question, instead of limiting the notes on distribution to a list of specimens actually in the British Museum collection. Thus, for example, Atylotus fulvus has been recorded from Scotland, but there is no mention of the fact on the page devoted to this species. But it is easy to be too critical, and in spite of this slight sin of omission (which can easily be rectified in a new edition) the volume is a great boon to the collector of the Diptera of the British Islands. And not only docs it appeal to the entomologist in this country, but also to those going 200 G eo I o(j tea I Soc lety. abroad who, being interested in blood-sucking insects and their connection with tropical diseases, will find in this handy and beautiful book as perfect illustrations as they could wish for of typical examples of all the families of Diptera possessed of such pernicious habits. P. H. G. PROCEEDINGS OF LEARNED SOCIETIES. GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY. November 21 st, 1906. — Sir Archibald Geikie, D.C.L., Sc.D., Sec.R.S., President, in the Chair. The following communication was read : — ‘ On the Skull and greater portion of the Skeleton of Gonio- pJiolis crassidens from the Wealden Shales of Atherfield (Isle of Wiglit).’ By Reginald Walter Hooley, F.G.S. In the late autumn of 1904, at a place locally called ‘ Tie Pits,’ near Atherfield Point, a huge mass of the cliff, comprising many thousand tons of the Wealden Shales, subsided, pushing its foot across the beach until below low-water line. As the sea washed away the base, the mass continued to sink, and fresh horizons were denuded. In 1905 a series of heavy ‘ ground-seas ’ cast up blocks of limestone and ironstone, containing crocodile-bones, which were discovered on the sand between high- and low-water marks. The skull came ashore in six pieces. Fragments of bones, and scutes were constantly picked up ; and the Author is indebted to Prof. T. McK. Hughes for the block which had been picked up and sent to the Sedgwick Museum at Cambridge. The specimens were derived from a horizon 80 to 90 feet below the top of the Wealden Shales. A history of the British Goniopholidae from the foundation of the genus by Owen in 1841 is given, and it is noted that the frame in the Mantell Collection, now in the British Museum, not only contains the two type-blocks, but a smaller one with the impression of the orbital region of the skull, a fragment of the frontal bone, and the impression and fragments of a moiety of the right ramus. The skull and bones of the new specimen are next described, and a detailed comparison is instituted between G. simus and G. crassidens^ with the result that the specimen is referred to the latter species, differing in several important particulars from the former. Comparisons are also made with other species of Goniopholis, with dsannosuclius and OweniasneJms. In conclusion, the Author notes that, while in certain features the species comes nearer to the Teleosaurs than G. simus, it is farther removed than the latter from them in the position of the posterior nares. THE ANNALS AND MAGAZINE OF NATURAL HISTORY. [SEVENTM SERIES.] No. 111. MARCH 1907. XXIV. — Neio Species of Eastern and African ITeterocera. By Colonel C. SwiNHOE, M.A., F.L.S., &c. Family Syntomidae. Syntomis sympJiona, nov. $ . Antennae black, with white tips ; palpi black ; frons ochreous, with the centre black ; head and body black, an ochreous band behind the head j an ochreous spot on each shoulder ; a longitudinal ochreous streak on each side of the thorax ; abdomen with an ochreous band at the base and another on the fifth segment, and some small ochreous marks on the other segments : fore wings hyaline ; veins thickly black, broadly so on the interior vein, which is joined to the median - vein by a broad black bar, the interspace below ochreous, the discoidal vein broadly black, the black running up the interspace between veins 5 and 6 for two thirds its length; costa broadly black, the outer marginal band nar- rower, but broad at the tip : hind wings with the costa black, the outer margin with a black band which runs up in the middle in a circular form to the centre of the wing, and then curves back to the anal angle, all the interior portion of the wing being ochreous. Expanse of wings inch. Tenom, British North Borneo; one example. Ann. May. N. Hist. Ser. 7. VoL xix. 14 202 Colonel C. Swinlioe on new Family Arctiidae. UtetJiesia IcalUmaj nov. S . Palpi white, with black tips ; frons and head white, a large black spot on lower part of the frons ; collar and shoul- ders yellow, with black spots ; thorax and abdomen white, two black spots on the middle of the thorax : fore wings bright dark crimson ; six transverse bands of black spots encircled with white, two spots close to the base, the other bands at nearly equal distances apart, the sixth is marginal, the fourth throws out a branch from the middle and curves close to the fifth, the space between them here being white : the hind wings are white, a short black band covering the discoidal vein and a broad black band on the outer margin slightly narrowing hindwards, but fairly broad all round, witli its inner edge somewhat sinuous ; cilia of both wings ochreous white, with grey spots. Underside : body and legs white, with black spots ; tarsi black ; abdomen with lateral black spots : fore wings with the spots confluent, forming rather broad and prominent bands ; hind wings with two black costal spots, and in the outer marginal black band are three white spots — a large one at the apex, a small one in the middle, and another near the anal angle. Expanse of wings inch. Angola; one example. Family Agaristidae. Pseudospiris j ucunda, Pseudospiris jucunda, Jordan, Nov. Zool. xi. p. 444 (1904). ? . Similar to the male, except that the hind wings are yellower, there is a large black and rather thick lunular mark at the end of the cell, and a fairly broad blackish-brown border on the outer margin, with large ochreous spots on the margin. Angola; four males, two females. Dr. Jordan described this species from eight males from the same locality ; the sexes differ much as they do in the type of the genus {P. paidiformis, Butler, P. Z, S. 1895, p. 267, pi. XV. figs. 8, 9). Family EupterotidaB. Hypsoides cleoiis^ nov. d- Anfennge black; palpi, head, and body above and 203 Eastern and African Heterocera. below ochreous : wings white, some ochreous hairs at base of fore wings and abdominal margin of hind wings ; fore wings with the veins, a band on the costa, and the apical space blackish, this colour running narrowly down the outer margin and is diffuse inwardly ; cilia blackish: hind wings without markings, upper half of cilia blackish : the abdomen has grey segmental bands ; legs ochreous, with black stripes ; tarsi black. Expanse of wings inches. Madagascar ; one example. Allied to H. hipars^ Butler, also from Madagascar, but the outer third of the fore wings of that species is black, with a sharply defined inner margin to that colour. Family Lymantriidae. Euproctis Butleri, nom. nov. Ai'oa immaculataf Butler, Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. (5) x. p. 227 (1882). Duke of York Island (type in B. M.). I have it in both sexes from New Guinea and Borneo. I must rename it, because immaculata is twice preoccupied in the genus Euproctis^ and this insect is a true Euproctis. I overlooked the species in my memoir on the Lymantriidse in Trans. Ent. Soc. 1903. Aroa niasana, nov. S . Palpi and frons ochreous ; antennae purplish black ; body and wings of a uniform dark black, tinged slightly with pink ; a pale longitudinal streak below the cell on each wing ; a pale lunular mark at the end of the cell of the fore wings ; the wings coloured similarly above and below ; the abdomen below and the legs are ochreous. Expanse of wings inch. Nias; two examples. Dasycliira Dudgeoni, nov. $ . Antennas, palpi, head, thorax, and fore wings dark brown ; the fore wings variegated in parts with pinkish grey, two brown ringed spots of that colour near the base; an oblique indistinct band of lunular marks from middle of hinder margin to costa at one third from the apex ; a double row of similar pale markings near outer margin ; cilia variegated, with a pale line at the base : abdomen and hind 14^ 204 Colonel C. Swinlioe on new wings pale brownish grey, without any markings. Under- side wdiitish grey, with indications of a transverse, discal, darker grey band across both wings. Expanse of wings, $ IJ, $ inch. Sikkim [Dudgeon) {(^ type in B. M.). Khasia Hills, $ (fjpe ?)• Abdomen without dorsal crests. Dasychlra cymata^ nov. d . Antennfe, palpi above, head, thorax, and fore wings dark olive-brown, the last with subbasal, medial, discal, and submarginal erect lunular black lines, finely marked with white in places, the second line containing two rather large dentations ; a rather large lunular ochreous stigma, ringed wdth black, at the end of the cell : hind wings pale greyish brown without markings : abdomen grey, with a thin brown dorsal stripe. Underside pale whitish grey, tinged with ochreous; the fore wings with pale brown suffusion. Expanse of wings 1-]% inch. Darjiling (Moore Coll.) (type in B. M.). Family Notodontidae. Tarsolepis javanOj nov. (^ . Antenna0 brown; palpi, frons, and head ochreous chestnut-colour ; fore part of the thorax grey, with a thin black line in front; rest of thorax brown; patagia pinkish grey, nearly white ; abdomen ochreous grey, with pale brown segmental bands, abdominal tuft ochreous : fore wings with broad costal and outer marginal pale pinkish-grey bands ; the inner portion of the wing dark chestnut-brown, with pale streaks and a pale space at the base; two hyaline elongated spots as in T, Sommeri, Hiibner, but proportionately shorter, and the upper spot with its outer margin curved inwards ; the outer marginal band contains two or three indistinct grey lines ; the outer margin is slightly crenulated and has long black lunules ; the cilia are ochreous, interlined witli grey : hind wings white, tinged with pale pinkish, the veins promi- nent, the outer margin with indistinct grey lunular marks. On the underside the wings are whitish ; a minute black dot at the end of the cell of the fore wings and a large black spot on the hind wings. Expanse of wings 2 inches. East Java; one example. Eastern and African lleterocera. 205 Dudusa nohills. Eudusa nohihs, Walker, xxxii. 447 (1865). Crinodes Vethi, Snellen, Vetli’s Mid.- Sum., Lep. p. 40, pi. iv. fig-s. 1, 2 (1880). The type from N. Cliiiui is in the B. M. Snellen’s types were from Sumatra. 1 have a female from Ichang-, a female from Makassar, Celebes, and a male from the Khasia Hills. There is an example in Mus. Oxon. from Singapore, and Ilampson records it from the Khasia Hills, Malacca, and Celebes. They appear to me to be identical. Dudusa synopldy nov. $ . Antennse black ; palpi dark brown at the outer sides, the inner sides, frons, head, and thorax ochreous brown ; crest in the front of the thorax large and upstanding; abdo- men pale ochreous brown, the sides with broad blackish- brown segmental bands, the first band crossing the abdomen above ; anal tuft ochreous grey, with black feathery tips : fore wings pale ochreous fawn-colour, the veins somewhat prominent ; a short subbasal blackish band and a broad oblique blackish band from the costa a little before tlie middle, where it is more or less obsolescent, to the outer margin one fourth from the hinder angle, much as in D. nohilis ) a narrow greyish band from the outer margin below the apex, running in a slightly waved form to the hinder margin near the base, where it broadens and becomes diffuse ; indications of antemedial, double, transverse grey lines and two similar lines from the coTa one third from the apex, where it bends inwards, to the middle of the hinder margin, these lines somewhat crenulate; submarginal pale lunular marks, with a short brown lunular line in each and marginal brown lunular marks : hind wings dark brown, with duplex marginal brown lunules. Underside greyish ochreous ; a blackish-brown spot at the end of each cell, and a crenulated brown discal line across both wings, bent inwards below the middle on the fore wings, evenly curved outwards on the hind wings; marginal lunules as above; thorax dark brown, tarsi black ; abdomen greyish ochreous. Expanse of wings 4^ inches. Khasia Hills ; three examples. The antennae are as deeply bipectinate as in the male of D. nohills^ of which I have both sexes; the wings are much broader. 206 (volonel C. Swirihoe on new Fydna hrunnea^ nov. ^ , Antennae, palpi, bead, body, and fore wings ocbreous brown : fore wings with some pale shades, some costal blackish-brown dots, a spot one third from apex, a spot below the middle of the cell, and an outwardly curved discal row of black dots : hind wings blackish brown, much darker than the fore wings, no markings. Underside : body and both wings pale greyish ochreous ; the fore wings with the interior portions suffused with blackish brown and some marginal black dots on the upper half ; hind wings with a brown spot at the end of the cell and a thin discal band, its upper half crenulated. Expanse of wings inches. Khasia Hills; one example. There is a worn example of a male from Ceylon in the B. M. unnamed. Notodonta nodyna, nov. ^ . Antennae, palpi, and thorax brown ; a broad band behind the head blackish brown ; abdomen paler than the thorax, with a broad dorsal dark brown band : fore wings dark brown, with a pink tinge, with three indistinct longitu- dinal dark brown stripes from near the base to the apex and a blackish submarginal stripe from the outer margin above the middle to the hinder margin one third from the angle, accompanied by a similar stripe on the margin, which extends along the margin and stops at one third from the base; between these stripes the colour of the wing is paler : hind wings white, semihyaline, the veins prominent; some grey suffusion towards the costa and abdominal margins ; a grey thin band near the outer margin, its lower portion dark and brownish; a marginal brown band and brown interlined cilia. Expanse of wdngs inches. Khasia Hills ; one example. Very similar in shape to N. gigantea^ Elwes, of which I have several examples from the same locality, but the outer margin, especially of the fore wings, is highly crenulate. Hyperceschra plana, nov. ? . Head, thorax, and fore wings dark olive-brown, the latter with a black longitudinal basal streak and many in- distinct thinner streaks on the outer portions of the wings ; indications of an angulated discal transverse line ; a sub- 207 Eastern and African Ileterocera, marginal brown thin band, sinuous and dentated in parts : hind wings pale grey, with a dark greyish-brown broad marginal band, the entire wing suffused with pinkish ; marginal line of both wings blackish brown ; cilia pinkish grey, with brown patches on the fore wings ; with a brownish middle band and white tips on the hind wings. Underside pale uniform grey, with an indistinct pale discal band across the hind wings ; hind tarsi with brown spots. Expanse of wings inch. Omei-shan, W. China (type in B. M.). HypercescJira tusa, nov. d . Dark grey : fore wings with more than the basal half much darker than the outer portions, limited by a thick black line from the costa at two thirds to vein 4, then curved in- wards to vein 1, then obliquely inwards to the production at the middle of the hinder margin, where it is very thick ; a black mark just inside this on the margin, and two black angles between them, forming the commencement of a trans- verse line ; an indistinct, grey, transverse, sinuous band in the disc ; hind wings grey, without markings ; cilia of fore wings ochreous grey, of hind wings pale grey, both with darker patches : antennae, body, legs, and wings on the underside pale grey, uniform in colour, a slightly darker medial band across both wings. Expanse of wings 2 inches. Japan [Schaus) (type in B. M.). Allied to H, hasalis, Moore. HypercescJira curvilinea, nov. $ . Palpi blackish brown, white beneath ; head and body ochreous grey ; fore wings with nearly the basal half pinkish ochreous grey, with some longitudinal black streaks in it, bounded by an outwardly deeply curved, thick, black, sinuous line, much retracted a little above the hinder margin, then straight to the margin at the middle ; the remainder of the wing dark grey, containing a prominent black, outwardly curved, highly sinuous line not far from the first line ; two or three indistinct grey lines ; a submarginal row of black spear-shaped marks and a black, longitudinal, subapical line : hind wings grey, with a large black patch on the outer margin near the anal angle ; cilia of both wings grey, with small darker patches with a white dot in each patch. Under- side pale greyish brown, the hinder marginal space of the 208 Mr. A. S. Hirst — Notes on Scorpions. fore wings and all but the costal space of the hind wings whitish ; costa of both wings suffused with ochreous, with some black marks on the outer half of the costa of the fore wings and indications of a discal line ; a curious angular mark beyond the middle, below the costa of the hind wings ; body and legs whitish. Expanse of wings 2 inches. Durban, August 1900 (type in B. M.). LopJiopteryx uniformis^ nov. $ . Antennae with the shafts brown, plumes ochreous ; head, thorax, and fore wings dark chestnut-brown, with a pink tinge; antemedial and postmedial indistinct bands of pale lunular marks, straight and slightly oblique ; cilia con- colorous, with a pale basal band : hind wings grey, pale on the basal half; cilia grey, with a whitish basal band : abdo- men wdiitish, tinged with pink, with thin grey segmental bands. Underside: fore wings uniform dull purplish brown, hind wings grey, no markings ; body and legs grey. Expanse of wings 2y\ inches. Mashonaland {Dohhie) (type in B. M.). XXV. — Notes on Scorpions., with Descriptions of Two new Species. By A. S. Hikst. Family Buthidae. Babycurus somalicus, sp. n. Colour brownish yellow or yellow; vesicle, hand, and lower surface of body paler ; fingers of hand light brown ; aculeus black, the basal portion excepted. Carapace slightly trapezoidal, the frontal edge weakly concave ; ocular tubercle granular, the groove between the eyes smooth. Distribution of granules apparently much as in zamhonelUj the surface being covered wdth numerous granules, unequal in size and leaving several small spaces (devoid of granules), which are especially noticeable in the median part. Median eyes bordered on each side by an area furnished with minute granules. Median area of fronttd region with an aggregation of large granules. Abdomen. Tergites minutely granular in their anterior parts, posteriorly provided wiHi large shining granules in Mr. A. S. Hirst — Notes on Scorpions. 20i) addition to the minute ones. Keels granular, incomplete anteriorly. Tliird and fourth sternites with sparse granules laterally ; fifth sternite granular and provided with four granular keels. Tail, Keels distinct and granular In all segments. First segment with ten keels, segments 2-4 with eight, fifth seg- ment with five. Dorsal surfaces concave in segments 1-4 ; fifth caudal segment slightly convex dorsally and provided with a narrow and shallow median groove ; posterior portion of this last segment narrowed, but exceeding the vesicle in breadth. Intercarinal spaces minutely granular ; the granules very sparse on the dorsal surfaces of the first four segments ; fifth caudal segment more strongly granular. Vesicle hairy, granules absent ; spine under aculeus laterally compressed and terminating in a little knob. Palp. Hand with scattered granules on the inner edge, outer and inner keels of the dorsal surface minutely but distinctly granular; finger-keel granular only in that portion which is situated on the hand itself. Movable finger pro- vided with eight series of granules exclusive of the short apical series, six series ending on the outer side in two large granules, the last pair of granules situated at the base of the prebasal series. Upper surface of the femur of the palp minutely and densely granular. Pectinal teeth 19-20 in number. Measurements in rnm. Length of cephalothorax 5'5, of tail (vesicle excl.) 23, of movable fingerfi, of hand-back 3*6 ; breadth of hand 2*25, of tibia 1'75; total length 47. Mab. A $ specimen (the type) labelled Berbera and Durbar, Somaliland, sea- level to 400 ft.,^^ and a second from the Wagar Mountains behind Berbera, 3000-4000 ft. The specimens were collected by Mr. G. W. Bury. Remarks. This species is closely allied to zamhonelli, Borelli, from which it apparently differs in the granular keels of the manus, the little knob terminating the spine under the aculeus, the distinct keels of the last caudal segment, the minute granules of the upper surface of the femur of the palp, and in the fact that the movable finger is provided externally with two large granules situated at the base of the prebasal series of granules. Genus ISOMETROIDES, Keys. There are two species of this genus in the collection of the British Museum and each is represented by a single specimen. I believe them to be the two described species 210 Mr. A. S. Hirst — Notes on Scorpions. I. angusticaudus, Keys., and I. vescuSj Karscli ; I have not seen the typical specimens of these species, however. The more important differences are given below, Isometroides angusticauduSy Keys. Isometroides angusticaudus, Keyserling, Araoh. Austral, vol. ii. p. 19 (1884-89) ; Kraepelin, Das Tierreich, Scorpiones et Pedipalpi,” p. 40 (1899). Fourth caudal segment with eight granular and well-marked keels; surface granular, the granules larger than in the pre- ceding segments, with few punctures. Surface of fifth caudal segment with numerous punctures, rugulose. Pectinal teeth twenty-three in number. Measurements in mm. : length of tail (vesicle excl.) 23, of fifth caudal segment 6*5 ; breadth of fifth caudal segment 3’5 ; total length 41. Hah. A single example from Port Lincoln, Australia. Isometroides vescus^ Karsch. Isometrus vescus, Karsch, SB. Ges. naturf. Berlin, p. 58 (1880). Isometroides vescus^ Keyserling, Arach. Austral, vol. ii. p. 17 (1884-89) ; Kraepelin, Das Tierreich, “Scorpiones et Pedipalpi,” p. 40 (1899). Fourth caudal segment provided with eight indistinct keels; devoid of granules and with distinct punctures. Fifth caudal segment smooth and shiny, with numerous punctures. Pectinal teeth 24-25 in number. Measurements in mm. : length of tail (vesicle excl.) 2P5, of last caudal segment 6; total length 39 ; breadth of last caudal segment 2'5. Ilah. Kalgorlie near Coolgardie, W. Australia. Tityus Kraepeli'ii^ Pocock, Tiiyus Kraepelini, Pocock, Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. (7) x. p. 379 (1902). The name Kraepelini being preoccupied *, I propose that of Pococki for this species. Hah. Abundant at Merida, also found at Obama, Venezuela. Family Scorpionidae. Diplocentrus nitidus, sp. n. Colour. A very dark brown, maims paler, legs and under surface of a much paler colour. * Borelli, Boll. Mus. Torino, xiv. no. 315 (1899). 211 Mr. A. S. Hirst — Notes on Scorpions, Carapace minutely punctured, more sparsely so on the raised portions ; surface smooth and polished, devoid of granules. Median groove present in front of the eyes. Anterior border with a deep bay. ^5. Sgntomis phceohasis, sp. n. $ . Head and thorax black shot with metallic green ; antennse white at tips ; fore coxae, first joint of fore and mid tarsi, and first three joints of hind tarsi white; abdomen metallic green, the three medial segments dorsally brilliant blue with scarlet bands. Fore wing black shot with blue, the base, basal half of cell, and costal area metallic green ; a small quadrate hyaline antemedial spot below the cell, a large spot in end of cell, an oblique narrow spot below base of vein 2, and small elliptical postmedial spots above veins 6, 4, 3. Hind wing black shot wdth blue; a bar-shaped hyaline antemedial spot below the cell and a small round spot beyond lower angle. Hab. Uganda, Nsadzi I. {E. A. MincMn)^ 1 $ type. Exp. 32 mm. 132 h. Syntomis Cholmlei^ sp. n. Black suffused with brilliant metallic blue ; shoulders with orange spots ; fore femora and tibiae slightly streaked with orange ; abdomen with dorsal orange patch on basal segment, lateral orange patches on second and third segments, and dorsal bands on fourth and fifth segments. Fore wing with oblong semihyaline orange subbasal patch below cell, an oblong patch in end of cell, an oblique wedge-shaped patch below base of vein 2, and postmedial patches above veins 6, 4, 3. Hind wing with almost basal semihyaline orange patch in and below cell and on inner area, and a rounded patch beyond the cell above and below vein 4. Huh. Br. E. Africa, Mola {Cholmley)^ 3 c? > 2 ? type. Exp. 28-30 mm. 224 8ir G. F. Ilampsoii on new 2C0 a. Syntomis layosensis, sp. n. Black ; frons yellowish white ; antennse white at tips ; pectus and coxae with some yellowish-white scales; abdomen with dorsal yellowish-white patch at base and band on fifth segment, the ventral surface with the segments fringed with yellowish white. Fore wing with wedge-shaped hyaline patch in cell, an elongate patch below the cell from near base to near termen, and elongate spots beyond the cell above veins 6, 4, 3. Hind wing with hyaline patch below the cell and spot above base of vein 2. JIab. Lagos, Ebute Meta {Boay), 1 , 2 ? type. Exp. 26 mm. Genus PAEALiETHiA, nov. Type, P. sub/o7’micina, Beth.-Baker. Proboscis fully developed ; palpi porrect, not extending beyond frons ; antennae of male ciliated ; fore tibiae and tarsi of male thickly fringed with scales on inner side; mid and hind tibiae with the spurs short. Fore wing with veins 2, 3 from a point long before angle of cell ; 4, 5 from angle ; 6 from long below upper angle ; 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 stalked. Hind wing with vein 2 from long before angle of cell ; 3, 4 absent; 5 from angle; 6, 7 stalked, 6 curved downwards. 271a. Apisa metarctiodes, sp. ii. d . Head and thorax reddish fulvous ; palpi, frons, branches of antennae, and tips of tegulae brown ; pectus and fringes of hair on femora and tibiae brown ; abdomen fulvous, tinged with brown towards extremity, a slight whitish dorsal band at base, and subdorsal white spots on second segment ; the ventral surface brown, with the first three segments fringed with whitish. Fore wing reddish fulvous, the medial area suffused with dark brown except at costa, narrowing below the cell and embracing all the spots, tlie veins of terminal area with dark streaks ; a quadrate semiliyaline white spot in middle of cell and an irregularly elliptical spot below middle of cell extending to below vein 1 ; a trifid spot beyond upper angle of cell from above vein 7 to below 6 and a bifid spot above and below vein 4 ; cilia dark brown. Hind wing wdiitish, the inner area tinged with flesh-yellow^ and the inner margin and terminal area suffused with brown ; a small brown spot below end of cell above base of vein 2 ; cilia 225 Genera and Species of Syntomidge. yellowish; the underside flesh-yellow, the disk whitish; a curved brown discoidal band. Huh. Uganda, Ruwenzori, 6000' [Euwenzori Exp.)^ 1 type. Exp. 64 mm. 287 a. Metarctia pidverea, sp. n. $ . Head and thorax rufous ; abdomen greyish tinged with rufous. Fore wing rufous thickly irrorated with black; a small blackish spot above base of vein 2 ; a diffused blackish discoidal patch. Hind wing greyish tinged with rufous. Hah. Uganda, Ruwenzori, 6000' [Euwenzori Exp.)^ 1 ? type. Exp. 42 mm. 290^. Metarctia, Jlaviciliata^ sp. n. ^ . Head and tegulae scarlet ; palpi, sides of frons, and antennae fuscous ; thorax fuscous, the patagia with scarlet edges towards base, the vertex with scarlet stripe; tibise and tarsi fuscous ; abdomen scarlet, the last two segments and ventral surface with fuscous bands. Fore wing fuscous brown, the cilia ochreous yellow. Hind wing pale fuscous, the base whitish, the inner margin yellow, with some scarlet hair towards base ; cilia ochreous yellow. Underside of fore wing yellowish, the costal and apical area to vein 2 suffused with fuscous brown, the cell clothed with scarlet hair; hind wing yellowish, with the costal area suffused with fuscous. $ . Abdomen with narrow fuscous dorsal bands and broad band just before extremity ; fore wing fuscous black, hind wing fuscous, the cilia of both wings yellow, the underside similar. Hah. Uganda, Beni Semliki {Legge ds Wollaston),^ 1 , 1 $ type. Exp.j S 4:8, ? 58 mm. 299. P seudapiconoma elegans. ? . Head and thorax blue-grey tinged with brown ; palpi, sides of Irons, basal joint of antennae above, and back ot head crimson ; pectus (except in front), sides of coxae, femora above, and tibiae on inner side crimson ; abdomen blue-grey tinged with brown, the first two segments with diffused sub- dorsal orange bands, slightly connected dorsally on second segment ; the next five segments with subdorsal black bands, narrowing at middle; the lateral tufts of hair brown; the ventral surface with crimson subventral patches on first six segments and slight marks on anal segment. Fore wing pale 22G Sir G. F. llampsoM on neto ved-brown, tlie inner area and a faint bar across end of cell tinged with blue-grey. Hind wing orange. Underside of fore wing with the basal half of costal area, the cell, and area below it to termen at vein 2 orange ; a crimson spot in upper end of cell. Hah. Uganda, Entebbe {Minchin'). Exp. 62 mm. 637 h. Earota nigricinctaj sp. n. S . Head and thorax black-brown ; tegulse yellow at sides; metathorax with yellowish-white bar; pectus with yellow stripes below wings ; abdomen orange, a dorsal black patch on first segment and dorsal bands on the other seg- ments, the extremity black ; a lateral series of black spots; the ventral surface yellowish white, with black bands. Fore wing black-brown ; a basal yellow patch wdtli irregular outer edge, angled inwards at vein 1 ; a wedge-shaped hyaline patch in end of cell and quadrate patch below the cell ; a postmedial series of five hyaline spots between veins 7 and 2, the spots below veins 5, 4 extending to near termen, and the spot below 3 minute and near termen. Hind wing black- brown ; a small yellow patch at base with irregular outer edge ; a hyaline patch beyond the cell between veins 7 and 2, the spots above veins 6 and 2 small. Hah. Argentina [0. W. Thomas), 2 type., Exp. 28 mm. 892 a. F seudaclytia Jlavidorsia, sp. n. Head black, the vertex orange; thorax orange, the outer edge of patagia, pectus, and legs black ; fore coxa3 with white patches; abdomen black. Fore wing greyish, the veins black, the inner area suffused with black ; the inter- spaces of terminal area streaked with black. Hind wing hyaline ; the veins black ; the inner area black, with slight semihyaline streaks in submedian interspace; costal area greyish ; termen black. Venezuela, Caura Valley (A'%es), 2 cT type. Exp. 16 mm. 1073 a. Eucereon phazophlehiaj sp. n. Hind wing of male with the inner area truncate towards tornus ; a fold on underside containing a fringe of yellow hair. (^ . Head and thorax yellow-brown; palpi pink at base and fuscous at sides ; coxa? pale pink ; abdomen fuscous 227 Genera and Species of Arctiadae. brown, the ventral surface pale pink except at extremity. Fore wing yellow-brown, the veins darker. Hind wing fuscous brown. Hah. Argentina (0. W, Thomas) ^ 1 type. Exp. 30 mm. Arctiadae. Nolinm. 13 a. Celama leucoscopula^ sp. n. Head, thorax, and abdomen white, slightly tinged with pale rufous ; anal tuft pure white. Fore wing white, tinged in parts with pale brown ; antemedial line black, strong, angled outwards in cell, then oblique, with brownish suffu- sion before it; medial and postmedial oblique elliptical patches from costa; postmedial line very ill-de{lned, bent outwards below costa, tlien oblique ; traces of a sinuous sub- terminal line. Hind wing white slightly tinged with brown and with a faint discoidal spot. Hah. Ceylon, Ambalangoda [J. Pole)^ 1 S type; Pera- deniya, 2 ?; Matale, 1 ?; Pattalam, 1 $ ; Hambantota, 2 ? . Exp. 12 mm. 61a. JSola ochrographa^ sp. n. Head and tegular ochreous white mixed with some brown ; palpi and sides of frons black-brown ; tliorax brown, mixed with black ; abdomen greyish suffused with black- brown, the anal tuft tinged with ochreous. Fore wing greyish suffused and thickly irrorated with dark brown, the medial area suffused with red-brown below the cell and on inner side of postmedial line ; antemedial line black, defined by ochreous white on inner side, acutely angled outwards in cell, then very oblique and ending at vein 1 ; the tuft of scales in cell blackish, the tuft at upper angle greyish, with a slight black line on its inner edge from costa, angled out- wards below costa ; postmedial line ochreous white, defined by black on inner side, very oblique and almost straight ; subterminal line ochreous white, arising from costa just beyond postmedial line, excurved to vein 6, then straight; a fine dark terminal line; cilia fuscous, with a fine pale line at base. Hind wing ochreous white, the costal and terminal areas suffused with brown except towards tornus ; the under- side irrorated with dark brown ; a dark discoidal lunule. llab. Uganda, Entebbe {flinchin)^ 1 $ type. Exp. 22 mm. 228 Sir G. F. IIiiiiipsoii on new I'l a. Nola hiconica^ sp. n. Head and thorax grey-white irrorated with fuscous ; tarsi fuscous ringed witli white ; abdomen grey tinged with fuscous. Fore wing white irrorated with brown ; a brown fascia on base of costa ; anternedial line arising from a small triangular brown patch on costa, blackish, oblique below submedian fold, and not reaching inner margin ; the tufts of scales at middle and end of cell brown, the latter placed at extremity of a small triangular costal patch, and with an oblique waved line from it to inner margin ; postmedial line more or less punctiform, angled outwards below costa, incurved to vein 6 and below 4 ; subterminal line strongly angled outwards at vein 7 and excurved at middle ; some fuscous on termen. Hind wing whitish tinged with fuscous ; the underside white irrorated with browm ; a black discoidal spot. Hah. Panama, Cana Mines (7)//eco^6), 2 Br. Guiana, St. Jean Maroni {Schaus)^ 1 ; Brazil, Organ Mts.,Tijuca (Wagrier)^ 1 ? type; Sao Paulo (Jones) y 1 Exp. 12-16 mm. 74 Nola argyrolepisj sp. n. $ , Head and thorax ochreous white mixed with rufous scales i; abdomen ochreous white tinged with rufous. Fore wing ochreous thickly irrorated with rufous and with a few black and silvery scales; subbasal line rufous, with a black point at costa, sinuous, from costa to submedian fold ; ante- medial line slight, irregularly waved, with black point at costa; medial line rather diffused, angled outwards at discal and submedian folds, a small black spot beyond it at upper angle of cell ; postmedial line angled outwards below costa and inwards at vein 6, excurved to vein 3, then oblique and irregularly waved, with black point on it above vein 1; sub- terminal line indistinct, rufous, angled outwards at vein 7, excurved at middle, and ending at tornus ; a terminal series of slight black points. Hind wing ochreous white, tinged wn’th rufous. llab. Mashonaland [Dohhie)y 1 $ type. Exp. 22 mm. 75 a. Nola poliotisy sp. n. ? . Head and thorax whitish mixed with fuscous, the head whiter ; abdomen white suffused with grey. Fore wdng grey-white irrorated with fuscous ; an indistinct dark ante- medial line, very oblique from discal fold to inner margin ; tufts of dark scales in upper part of cell towards extremity 229 Genera and Species 0/ Arctladse. and at upper angle; an indistinct, oblique, dentate, postmedial line with blackish points on the veins, somewhat excurved at middle and incurved in submedian interspace ; a faint dentate subterminal line, angled outwards at vein 7 and excurved at middle ; a terminal series of minute dark points. Hind wing white faintly tinged with brown ; the underside with the costal area slightly irrorated with brown. Hah. Transvaal [Chohnley\ 3 ? type. Exp. 26 mm. 76 nt. Nola leucalea^ sp. n. ? . Head and thorax white, sometimes tinged with pale brown ; palpi brownish at sides ; abdomen white tinged with brown. Fore wing white irrorated with brown and sometimes tinged with pale brown ; antemedial line fine, dark, excurved below costa and incurved at median nervure ; medial line oblique towards costa, then slightly sinuous ; tufts of dark scales in cell before antemedial line, in middle, and at upper angle ; postmedial line slightly incurved from costa to vein 4, then oblique and slightly sinuous ; subterminal line oblique towards costa and excurved at middle ; a terminal series of black points. Hind wing white tinged with brown. Hah. Transvaal, Piet Retief {^Crawshay^ Janse')^ 3 7 type. Exp. 20-22 mm. 155 5. Roeselia pallidiceps, sp. n. . Head and tegulge ochreous white; palpi and lower part of frons black-brown ; thorax grey mixed with fuscous ; abdomen grey. Fore wfing grey thickly irrorated with fuscous brown, the terminal half slightly paler ; a dark slightly curved medial line ; a black discoidal bar, the post- medial line conjoined to its upper and lower extremities and excurved beyond cell ; an ill- defined line from costa beyond it joining the subterminal line at vein 4, and with a dark striga from costa between them ; tlie subtcrminal line ill- defined, slightly angled outwards at vein 7 and inwards at vein 2. Hind wing grey thickly irrorated with fuscous ; cilia with a fine pale line at base. Hah. Ceylon [Alston)., 1 A type. Exp. 14 mm. 158 a. Zia ectrocta, sp. n. ^ . Head and thorax white ; legs blackish, the tarsi ringed with white; abdomen white tinged wfith fuscous. Fore wing pure white ; a small black spot on costa near base ; a medial triangular black patch from costa to origin of vein 2, ii30 Sir G. F. Ilampson on new its outer edge excised in cell ; two small discoidal tufts of raised scales with a few dark scales round them; postmedial line black with small tufts of raised metallic scales on it, oblique and obsolescent from costa to vein 6, slightly incurved at discal fold and strongly below vein 4, the area beyond it rufous except at apex ; subterminal line represented by a dark point on costa, then on the rufous area white, defined on inner side by black from below apex to vein 3, excurved below vein 7 and at middle and below vein 2 angled inwards to near postmedial line; cilia rufous intersected with white. Hind wing white, the terminal area slightly tinged with brown from apex to vein 3. Ab. 1. Fore wing with tlie postmedial line more angled inwards below vein 4 and with large black patches beyond it on inner area and at middle, the latter connected with terraen below apex by an oblique black fascia. Hah. Ceylon, Haputale (^Mackwood), 1 type, Maskeliya [de Mowbray) j 1 , Exp. 20-24 mm. Lithosianjl. 222 a. Tigrioides termineola^ sp. n. $. Head and thorax fulvous orange; palpi, frons,tibi8e,and tarsi blue-black ; antennae blackish; pectus mostly fuscous ; abdomen yellow with lateral fuscous stripes. Fore wing- fulvous orange ; a black streak in submedian fold from middle to termen ; a terminal blue-black band, expanding below apex and narrow towards tornus ; cilia blue-black. Hind wing pale ochreous, the veins brownish ; a dark ter- minal line expanding into a narrow purplish-fuscous band towards apex, cilia purplish fuscous except towards tornus. Hab. Ashanti, Kumassi {Whiteside)^ 1 $ type. Exp. 28 mm. 254 a. Ilema barbata, sp. n. Antennae of male serrate with fascicles of long cilia; fore wing with the cell clothed with long downturned scales on upperside, narrow, veins 3, 4 curved downwards, the discocellulars oblique, an areole. d. Head and thorax orange; antennae tinged witli fuscous ; abdomen greyish yellow. Fore wing orange- yellow, the large downturned scales in cell rather deeper orange ; a small brownish sj)Ot on costa above end of cell. Hind wing pale yellow. Genera and Species of Arctladie. 231 Ilah, Philippines, Luzon, Benguet Prov., Irisan {McGregor) j 1 type. Exp. 20 mm. • 301a. llema pentaspilaj sp. n. ? . Head, thorax, and abdomen oclireous ; fore tibiae and tarsi suffused with fuscous. Fore wing ochreous ; a post- medial somewhat oblique series of five small black spots, below costa, in end of cell, a spot below veins 3, 4 displaced outwards, a short streak-like spot in submedian fold and a spot above inner margin. Hind wing pile ochreous. Hab. Singapore {Ridley), 1 $ type ; Borneo, Kuching {Shelford), 2 $ , Exp. 26-30 mm. 361 h. Ilema atrifrons, sp. n. Head, tegulae, patagia, pectus, and legs fulvous yellow ; palpi, frons, and fore legs in front fuscous ; dorsum of thorax and base of abdomen grey-white, the rest of abdomen yellow. Fore wing yellow with a whitish suffusion. Hind wing whitish yellow. Hah. Nicobars [G. Rogers), 1 type. Exp. 26 mm. Genus Metagylla, nov. Type M. miroides. Proboscis fully developed ; palpi upturned, short, the second joint fringed in front with short rather downturned hair, the third small with pointed tuft in front; antennae of male with bristles and cilia; tibiae with the spurs moderate ; abdomen of male with large dorsal and lateral anal tufts of hair. Fore wing ratiier narrow ; veins 3, 4, 5 from angle of cell ; 6 from below upper angle ; 7, 8, 9 stalked, 7 from before 9 ; 10, 11 from cell. Hind wing with vein 3 shortly stalked with 4, 5 ; 6, 7 coincident ; 8 from middle of cell ; male with a patch of androconia and fringe of long hair in and beyond end of cell on upperside. 392 a. Metagylla miroides, sp. n. $. White; head and thorax above and fore tibiae and tarsi in front tinged with fuscous ; palpi with the tuft on third joint fuscous ; abdomen with the dorsal anal tuft fulvous, the lateral tuft fuscous. Fore wing with the costal area and inner area to cell and vein 2 sliglitly tinged with 232 Sir G. F. Hampson oji new fuscous. Hind wing with tlie patch of androconia deep rufous with some ochreous suffusion beyond it, the fringe of hair ochreous. Hah. Fr. Guiana, St. Jean Maroni (^Schaus)^ 1 ^ type. E.rp. 28 mm. ‘522 a. Aglossosia latifusca, sp. n. ^ . Head and thorax deep orange ; antennse blackish, the shaft whitish above ; palpi fuseous above ; legs striped with fuscous ; abdomen orange, with black dorsal stripe and seg- mental bands except at base. Fore wing fuscous; a yellow fascia on costa narrowing to a point before apex; a yellow fascia on inner margin; cilia yellow. Hind wing pale yellow, the costal area suffused with fuscous or suffused irregularly with fuscous to submedian fold, leaving the inner area and termen yellow. Underside of both wings with slight dark discoidal spot. Hah, Uganda, Ketoma, 5000' {Doggett) 2 J' type. Exp. 40 mm. 523 a. Caripodia albescens, sp. n. $ . Head orange-yellow ; thorax and abdomen whitish tinged with yellow; pectus, legs, and ventral surface of abdomen orange-yellow. Fore wing white, tinged with yellow on costa and inner margin. Hind wing white, tinged with yellow. Underside suffused with orange-yellow. Hah. Nigeria [Capt. Richardson), 1 ? type. Exp. 30 mm. 586 a. Flalone flavinigra, sp. n. ^ . Head, thorax, and abdomen fuscous, the vertex of head, base of shaft of antennae, and tegulae yellow. Fore wing orange-yellow with irregular oblique outer edge ; a postmedial black band angled inwards below cell and with rather dentate edges; some diffused fuscous before termen. Hind wing pale fuscous. Hah. S. India, Palni Hills, 6000' (IF. H. Campbell), 1 type. Exp. 20 mm. 894 a. Neasura taprohana, sp. n. A . Ochreous yellow ; antennce at tips, fore legs in front, and extremities of mid and hind tibice fuscous. Fore wing 233 Genera and Species of Arctladye. witli black point in base of cell; the costa fuscous to the curved diffused antemedial line; a blackish discoidal point on some fuscous suffusion ; postmedial line very diffused and ill-defined, waved, emitting streaks inwards on the veins and outwards on veins 7, 6, 4. Hind wing with slight fuscous suffusion below apex. Hah. Ceylon, Maskeliya {J. Pole)^ 1 type. Exp. 24 mm. 897 h. Trlcholepis xanthopera^ sp. n. $ . Head and thorax fulvous yellow; abdomen yellowish, dorsally tinged with brown. Fore wing pale brown, the base, costa, and terminal area pale yellow. Hind wing pale yellow tinged with brown except terminal area. Hah. Singapore {Ridley)^ 1 S type. Exp. 16 mm. 937 a. Asura toxodes^ sp. n. d . Head and thorax pale ochreous slightly mixed with fuscous ; antennse and extremities of tibiae fuscous ; abdomen ochreous white. Fore wing pale ochreous; costal edge blackish on basal and terminal areas ; a black point in base of cell ; some fuscous in subraedian fold ; a highly curved antemedial line ; a medial line angled inwards in cell ; post- medial line confluent at costa and inner margin with the medial line, with which it forms a bow-shaped mark, very oblique from costa to vein 6 and from 4 to inner margin; a very irregular subterminal line angled outwards at veins 6 and 4 ; a fine black terminal line. Hind wing pale semihyaline ochreous. Hah. Andamans (^G. Rogers)^ 1 d fjp®* Exp. 24 mm. 966 a. Asura phantasma, sp. n. A- Whitish ochreous; antennae and fore legs in front fuscous. Fore wing with the base of costa black ; a small black spot in base of cell ; an indistinct antemedial series of spots strongly excurved in cell and less so below it, some- times almost conjoined into a line ; a medial line oblique from costa to subcostal nervure, then excurved, often almost obsolete ; a small discoidal spot ; a postmedial series of points, sometimes almost obsolete, those on veins 6 and 4 nearer termen ; one or two points on terrnen sometimes present. Hind wing pale ochreous, the apex sometimes faintly tinged with fuscous. Hah. Andamans {G. Rogers), .5 A type. Exp. 18 mm. Ann. dj Hag. N. Hist. Scr. 7. Fu/. xix. 16 234 Sir G. F. Ilampson on new 1017 a. Miltochrista ocellata, sp. n. $. Head and thorax orange-yellow ; patagla and prothorax with black spots ; tibiae banded with black, the last joint of tarsi black ; abdomen greyish ochreous, the ventral surface blackish. Fore wing orange-yellow, small black spots at base of costa and cell ; fuscous spots below costa, cell, and above vein 1 before the antemedial line, which is interrupted at submedian fold and angled inwards above inner margin ; a large annulus at end of cell ; postmedial line strongly bent outwards below costa, then highly and irregularly dentate, strongly incurved below vein 4 and conjoined to antemedial line above and below submedian fold ; a subterminal series of small spots on the veins. Hind wing yellow. Hah, Ceylon, Ohiya [de Mowbray) j 1 $ type. Exp. 40 mm. 1037 a. Miltochrista citrona^ sp. n. ? . Head, thorax, and abdomen orange-yellow ; antennae and fore legs in front fuscous. Fore wdng pale orange- yellow ; small black spots on base of costa and in cell ; ante- medial part of costa streaked with black ; a curved series of four wedge-shaped black spots before the curved, maculate antemedial black line; traces of a curved orange medial line; a black discoidal spot; postmedial black line quadrately angled outwards betw^een veins 6 and 4, with a series of strong black streaks on the veins from it to termen ; cilia black. Hind wdng pale orange-yellow, with short black streaks on veins towards apex ; cilia blackish on apical half. Hah, SiNGAPOEE (Ridley) j 1 ? type. Exp. 24 mm. 1103 a. Palpidia melanotrichay sp. n. Palpi hardly reaching above vertex of head, the second joint moderately scaled in front ; antennae of male ciliated ; fore wing with vein 10 stalked with 7, 8, 9 ; hind wing with veins 6, 7 stalked. . Head, thorax, and abdomen white mixed with ochreous ; palpi with fuscous patch on second joint at sides; tarsi slightly banded with fuscous. Fore wing white, finely striated with golden brown and irrorated with long black hair-like scales on basal, medial, and postmedial areas ; ante- medial line dark brown, from costa to submedian fold, straight; postmedial line red-brown, oblique from costa to 235 Oenera and Species of Avctiadae. discal fold, tlien slightly incurved; an ill-defined, waved, white subterminal line, excurved below costa and at middle, angled inwards at discal and submedian folds; a fine black terminal line ; cilia white, the tips tinged with brown. Hind wing white, the veins, inner and terminal areas tinged with brown; a fine black terminal line ; the underside with the costal area irrorated with brown, a black discoidal striga and interrupted maculate fuscous postmedial and subterminal lines. Hah. Jamaica, Runaway Bay (Walsingham) ^ 2 S Ijpe* Exp. 16 mm. Arctianm, 1677 a. Mcenas ramosa^ sp. n. ? . Head and thorax white ; palpi yellow ; antennae black; tegulae slightly edged with pale brown ; patagia and vertex of thorax streaked with pale red-brown ; legs streaked with brown; abdomen orange, the anal tuft and ventral surface white, a dorsal series of black spots except at base and extremity, subdorsal black points on three medial segments and a sublateral series. Fore wing white ; a red-brown fascia in base of cell, then along subcostal nervure and to costa before apex expanding at angle of cell and at costa ; a fascia along median nervure and to termen below vein 6, emitting branches on basal half of veins 2, 3, expanding and partially enclosing a white spot above middle of vein 4 ; a fascia on vein 1 ; an oblique fascia from apex to middle of vein 6 ; a spot on termen at extremity of vein 2. Hind wing white tinged with yellow; the underside with minute discoidal point. Hah. German E. Africa, Dar-es-Salaam, 1 ? type. Exp. 34 mm. 1761 cr. Diacrisia hypogopa^ x\, $ . Head and thorax pale ochreous, the vertex of thorax with black streak; palpi black, the first joint orange; frons black ; femora crimson above, the fore and mid tibiae fuscous, the hind tibiae streaked with fuscous, the tarsi fuscous; abdomen orange, with dorsal and lateral series of black spots, the ventral surface ochreous with sublateral series of black points except on basal segments. Fore wing ochreous ; a black point at base ; an antemedial oblique series of small elongate black spots from costa to median nervure and spots on inner area above and below vein 1 ; a point at upper angle of cell with oblique spot from costa above it and a point just beyond 16* 2.3T) Sir G. F. Ilampson on new lower anj^le; traces of an oblique postmedial line witli black point below vein 4 just beyond lower angle of cell, points above and below veins 3 and 2 and spots above and below vein 1, the spot on inner margin slightly confluent with the antemedial spot ; an oblique series of black points from costa near apex above and below veins 8, 7, 6, and points near ter- inen above and below veins 5 and 4. Hind wing pale yellow ; a black discoidal spot and a subterminal series of spots above and below veins 7, 5, 2 and on vein 1 ; cilia white. Hah. Singapore [Ridley)^ 1 ? type. Exp, 56 mm. 1765 a. Diacrisia lioloxaniha^ sp. n. $ . Head and thorax brownish orange ; palpi black at tips ; fore and mid tibiae black, hind tibiae black at base and extremity, the tarsi black ; abdomen bright orange with dorsal, lateral, and sublateral series of black points. Fore wing uniform brownish orange. Hind wing orange-yellow. Underside of both wings with blackish discoidal points and terminal points above and below vein 5. Hah. Nigeria, Old Calabar [Sampson)^ 1 ? type. Exp. 44 mm. 1794 a. Diacrisia melanodisca^ sp. n. Head and thorax deep rufous; antennae whitish; patagia with black spots and paler tips ; tibiae and tarsi dark brown ; abdomen dull orange with dorsal and lateral series of blackish spots. Fore wing buff tinged with rufous, especially towards costa ; a black point at base ; an antemedial series of black points, angled outwards just below cell ; a large blackish patch in end of cell confluent with a medial maculate band, which is angled on median nervure ; an indistinct post- medial line with dark points on the veins, oblique from costa to vein 6, incurved at discal fold and oblique below vein 4, some small black spots beyond it towards costa and from vein 3 to inner margin, met at vein 6 by an oblique fascia from costa near apex ; cilia with a series of black spots. Hind wing pale dull yellow with small black discoidal lunule and subterminal spots at veins 5, 2, 1. $ . Fore wing with ground-colour bright rufous irrorated with brown. Hah. Uganda, Kuwenzori, 6000' [Ruwenzori Exp.)y 1 (^ , 1 7 type. Exp., S 38, 7 40 mm. Genera and Species of Arctladce. 237 1814 Diacrisia coccinea^ sp. n. J . Head white ; palpi scarlet, the third joint blackish; antennse black; tegula3 and patagia white edged with scarlet, the latter with black spot; thorax scarlet with pair of dorsal white streaks ; pectus scarlet ; legs white, the femora scarlet above, the tibiae and tarsi streaked with brown ; abdomen scarlet, with dorsal, lateral, and sublateral black spots on medial segments, the ventral surface white. Fore wing scarlet, the interspaces of disk thinly scaled, the costa and veins towards base streaked with w'hite, the inner area with slight blackish irroration ; small antemedial black spots below costa and above and below vein 1 ; small postmedial spots above and below vein 1 ; cilia whitish. Hind wing semihyaline, the costal and inner areas and termen suffused with scarlet. $ . Fore wing with the disk not thinly scaled ; hind wing wholly scarlet, the cilia whitish. Hah. Philippines, Luzon, Benguet Prov., Irisan [McGregor) j 1 (5" ? 1 ? fjpe. Exp.^ d mm. 1824 a. Acantharctia airiramosay sp. n. $ . Head and thorax ochreous white ; antennse black, ochreous at base; legs black, the femora above orange; abdomen pale orange tinged with brown, the base white, the extremity and ventral surface greyish, lateral series of black spots and sublateral stripes. 4’ore wing ochreous white ; a black fascia from middle of subcostal nervure to apex, emitting a short spur on vein 6 ; a black fascia on median nervure, emitting liner branches on veins 4, 3, 2 ; a black streak on vein 1 to termen. Hind wing white. Hah. Uganda [Doggett)^ 1 ^ type. Exp. 44 mm. 1860 Z>. Estigmene neuriastisy sp. n. S . Head whitish ; palpi and antennae blackish ; thorax greyish, the tegulae and patagia edged with orange; tibiae and tarsi brownish streaked with black ; abdomen orange with dorsal black segmental bands, the ventral surface yellowish white with lateral and sublateral series of small black spots. Wings yellowish white, the veins finely streaked with blackish ; fore wing with the margins rather yellower. Hah. Angola, Bihe, 1 type. Exp. 44 mm. 238 Sir G. F. Hampsoii on new 1870 Estigmene flavice;ps j sp. n. . Head orange-yellow ; palpi and antennae black ; thorax white ; pectus and legs orange-yellow, the tibiae and tarsi striped with black; abdomen orange-yellow, the basal segment and ventral surface white, a dorsal series of black bands except at base and extremity, and lateral series of black spots and sublateral series of points except at base and extremity. Fore wing white, the costal edge orange-yellow. Hind wing white. Hab. Sierra Leone [Quinton)^ 2 S type. Exp, 36 mm. 1878 a. Pericallia nephelistis, sp. n. $ . Head and thorax grey mixed with fuscous brown ; patagia, meso- and metathorax with paired blackish spots; pectus and legs yellow, the tibiae and tarsi greyish, the latter banded with black; abdomen yellow with dorsal series of black patches, except on two basal segments, and lateral series of spots. Fore wing brownish grey, mostly clouded with fuscous blotches and spots, some of them forming a subbasal band from costa to submedian fold with two small spots beyond it in submedian interspace, an antemedial band angled outwards in cell, then oblique to vein 1, a medial patch in and below cell connected with a patch on costa, some confluent markings on middle of inner margin; a diseoidal patch confluent with a patch on costa, and some very irregular and partly confluent postmedial and sub- terminal spots; a scries of small spots on termen and cilia. Hind wing pale yellow, with diseoidal blackish spot and point at lower angle of cell ; two small spots on basal part of vein 2 and two irregular spots on vein 1 ; irregular sub- terminal patches from costa to vein 4, vein 3 to submedian fold and above tornus. Hah, Angola, Bihe, 3 $ type. Exp, 52 mm. 1994 a. Turuptiana sanguinea^ sp. n. Head, thorax, and abdomen black ; femora crimson above ; abdomen with crimson subdorsal fasciae not reaching base. Fore wing black ; an irregular curved antemedial crimson band expanding on costa towards base and extending to vein 1 ; a medial, ratlier triangular band from costa to vein 1, indented by black streaks on the veins; a small spot beyond the cell ; a curved postmedial band from costa to vein 1 with slight dark streaks on the veins; apical part 239 Genera and Species of Arctiadae. of costa and cilia pale yellowish tinged with crimson. Hind wing crimson, a little black at base; a discoidal limule; a terminal black band narrowing to a point at vein 1. Ilah, Bolivia, La Baz, 9000', 1 c^, 1 $ type. Exp, 28 mm. 2028a. Antarctia rhodosoma^ sp. n. d . Head fuscous with tufts of orange hair on basal joint of antennas ; palpi crimson with the third joint black ; tegulae black, with dorsal crimson streak; patagia orange; thorax black; pectus and legs dark brown, the coxae and femora crimson ; abdomen crimson, with dorsal and lateral series of small black spots, the ventral surface black. Fore wdng pale reddish brown, the base yellowish, the subbasal area, cell, and a discal patch tinged with fuscous. Hind wing pale semihyaline brown, the cell and a streak in discal fold sliglitly tinged with fuscous. Hah. Chili, Maquahue, Temuco {Middleton)^ 1 S tjpe. Ex^). 38 mm. 2034 a. Antarctia atrifascia^ sp. n. d . Head and thorax rufous, tinged with brown ; palpi blackish ; frons and pectus in front with blackish hair mixed ; tore tibiae blackish fringed with rufous hair ; abdomen ochreous suffused with brown. Fore wing brownish ochreous irrorated with fuscous; a diffused black streak below median nervure to origin of vein 2 ; a slight streak in lower part of cell from middle to above middle of vein 5 ; a black discoidal point ; a terminal series of small black spots. Hind wdng pale ochreous suffused and irrorated with fuscous. Underside of fore wing suffused with fuscous ; hind wing with black discoidal point. Hab. Bk. E. Africa, Aberdare Range {R. Ford)^ 1 S type. Exp. 36 mm. 2086 a. Utetheisa pulchelloideSj sp. n. Differs from U. pulchella in the antennae of male being serrate instead of ciliated and in the hind wing having the fold and tuft on inner area. It varies much in the same way as U. pulchella^ but never seems to lose the black spots of fore wing, which usually has the ground-colour rather white ; in specimens from the Rew Hebrides and Solomons the black terminal band on hind wing is largely developed, and it appears to be conhned to Oceanic and other islands and to N. Australia. 240 Sir G. F. Hampson on nev) Hah. Seychelles, Praslin (Fletcher), 2 ^ , 1 $ ; Car- GADOS CarejoS (Fletcher), 1 ^ COETIVY (Fletcher), 1 , 1 $ ; Amirantes {Fletcher), Poivre, 1 , 1 $ , D’Anos, 1 , St. Josepli, Eagle, 1 c? j Desroches ; Chagos Is., Peros Banlios (Fletcher), 1 ^ type, Salomon Atoll, Diego Garcia ; Ceylon, Kandy (Green), 3 , 2 Peradenyia, Ham- Lantota, Trincomali (Fletcher), 1 , 1 $ ; Cocos-Keeling I. (Darwin, Wood- Jones), 3 ^ ; CHRISTMAS I. (Andrewes) , 1 ^ j 2 ?; Singapore (Ridley), 1 (^, 1 ?; Formosa (Seehohm, Dickson, Ilohson), 1 , 5 ?; LOO-CHOO Is. (Fryer), 1 New Guinea (Mathew), 1 , 3 ? ; N. Australia, Baudin I. (J. J. Walker), 1 , 1 $ , Pt. Darwin (J. J. Walker), 3 S i 2 Queensland, Cooktown (de la Garde), 2 $; SOLO- MON Is., Alu (Woodford, Mathew), 2 S', Gilbert Is. (WoodfojA), 2 S', Marshall Is. (Mathew), IS, 2 ?; Ellice Is. (Woodford, Mathew), 4 S, I ?• Exp. 34-44 mm. I am indebted to Paymaster T. Bainbrigge Fletclier for pointing out the distinctions and suggestiug the name of this species. The larva feeds on Tournefortia argentea. Specimens from the mainland of Africa and Asia, Ceylon, Colombo, Nicobars, Java, New Guinea, Port Moresby, New South Wales, Tasmania, and Fiji are IJ. pulchella. 2087 a. Utetheisa pectinata, sp. n. S . Differs from U. pulchella only in the male having the antennae bipectinate with very short branches, and the hind wing having the fold and tuft on inner area. Hah. N. Australia, Port Essington, 1 S Exp. 36 mm. This species belongs to the same section of the genus as U. antennata, which also has the fold and tuft on inner area as well as the pectinate antennae. 2107 a. Rhodogastria atrivena, sp. n. $ , Pure white; palpi tinged with yellow, black above; fions black at sides and with two black spots above; vertex of head with black point ; antennae brownish ; tegulae, shoulders, patagia, and piotliorax with pairs of small black spots, those on tegulae larger ; legs yellow, the knees with black spots; abdomen with lateral black points except on basal segments and minute sublateral black streaks on two medial segments. Fore wing with fine black-brown streaks 241 Genera and Species of Agarlstidse. on tlie veins and minute discoidal point. Hind wing with minute discoidal point. Hah. Uganda, Entebbe {Minchin)j 1 ? type. Exp. 60 mm. Agaristidse. 81. Xanthospilopteryx llornimani, Subsp. Minchini^ nov. ? . Fore wing with the antemedial and medial yellowish- white patches confluent, leaving a slight black streak on middle of subcostal nervure with small spots below it in and below middle of cell ; a yellowish-white streak above inner margin, except towards base and tornus ; the oblique band beyond the cell much broader, a fascia between veins 3, 2 from below end of cell to near termen ; the spot above tornus slight. Hind wing with the terminal band narrower and with slightly waved inner edge. Hah. Uganda, Entebbe {Mincliin')^ 1 ? type. Exp. 82 mm. Genus Acantuerta, nov. Type, A. {Tuerta) thomensis, Jord. Proboscis fully developed ; palpi upturned, the second joint fringed with long hair in front, the third porrect and some- what dilated at extremity ; frons with truncate conical prominence wdth raised rim in front and corneous plate below it, very narrow above between the eyes, which are naked ; antennae somewhat dilated towards extremity; mid and hind tibiae spined ; abdomen with dorsal crests on first two seg- ments. Fore wung wflth veins 3 and 5 from near angle of cell ; 6 from upper angle ; 9 from 10 anastomosing with 8 to form the areole ; 11 from cell. Hind wdng with veins 3, 4 from angle of cell ; 5 obsolescent from middle of disco- cellulars ; 6, 7 from upper angle, 8 anastomosing with the cell near base only. 161 a. Tuerta cyanopasta^ sp. u. 7 . Head and thorax black-browm ; pectus pale orange at sides; fore tibiae and the tarsi with greyish rings; hind tibiae with the basal half mostly orange and fringed with orange hair; abdomen orange, the dorsal crests black, the extremity blue-black, the ventral surface w'ith the basal half brownish, the terminal half blue-black and forming an 242 Sir G, F. Hampson on new elliptical depression. Fore wing deep chocolate-brown suffused with silvery blue to the subterminal line ; the base of inner margin black-brown ; a waved antemedial black bar from costa to median nervure and an almost medial waved bar from submedian fold to inner margin ; blue stigmata strongly defined by black in end of cell and on discocellulars, the former oblique elliptical and conjoined at lower ex- tremity to the latter, which is lunulate and dilated at lower extremity ; postmedial line strong, black, excurved below costa and at middle, angled inwards at discal fold, strongly incurved below vein '6 to lower edge of reniform, then waved ; the outer edge of the blue area dentate, with small blackish spots in the interspaces, angled outwards at veins 6, 4, 3, then incurved; a terminal series of small black spots and a fine waved terminal line; cilia bluish fuscous with a slight pale line at base. Hind wing deep oiange with black-brown terminal band, its inner edge in- curved at discal fold, narrowing to a point at tornus; cilia with a fine pale line at base. Underside of fore wing orange, except costal area and the broad terminal area, a black spot in end of cell and broad oblique discoidal bar to the terminal band at vein 2; hind wing with golden-brown suffusion on costal half except at base, and before the terminal band except towards tornus. Ilab, Be. E. Afeica, Njoro ( Cholmley), 1 ? type. Exp. 46 mm. NoctuidsB. A GROUND. 58 a. CJiloridea jiavigera^ sp. n. $ . Head, thorax, and abdomen yellow, the thorax suffused with pale pink, the abdomen pale at base with twm pink crests; palpi suffused with purplish red, tibiae and ventral surface of abdomen irrorated with red. Fore wing yellow with a slight greenish tinge; the costa suffused with red-brown, a subbasal red-brown striga from costa and point below cell ; an antemedial red-brown striga from costa and traces of a waved line; claviforrn with its extremity faintly defined ; orbicular with brown point in centre and a faint round circumference ; reniform with grey centre defined by red-brown and traces of brown circumference, confluent with a brown mark from costa above it; postmedial line very indistinct, bent outwards below costa, then minutely waved, incurved below vein 4 ; subterminal line with brown tri- 243 Genera and Species o/Noctuidse. angular patch on costa, then very indistinct, angled outwards at vein 7 ; cilia red-brown, with series of darker lunules and greyish line near tips. Hind wing yellow, with slight discoidal lunule and diffused sinuous subterminal dark band, extending to terinen below apex. Underside of both wings with the costal and terminal areas irrorated with rufous ; fore wing with a point in cell, dark discoidal spot, curved postmedial and indistinct subterminal lines ; hind wing with slight discoidal lunule, curved postmedial line from costa to vein 2 with minute dark streaks on the veins, and diffused subterminal band. Hah. Khodesia, Buluwayo {Marshall)^ 1 ? type. E.vp. 32 mm. 175 a. Timora latimgraj sp. n. Head and thorax bright rufous; antennae whitish at base, blackish at tips; a tuft of blackish hair below patagia; palpi, frons, tibiae, and tarsi black; abdomen greyish fuscous, the anal tuft pale rufous. Fore wing ochreous tinged with cupreous red, especially on costal area ; the costal edge pure white ; a broad black fascia on median nervure, attenuate towards base and extending to near termen ; an antemedial black point on vein 1 ; a postmedial series of small black spots except towards costa, oblique below vein 4 ; some black on costa towards apex ; a terminal series of small black spots ; cilia pale crimson. Hind wing ochreous white tinged wdth brown, especially on terminal area ; a terminal series of black points ; cilia pale crimson ; the underside whitish. Bab, Uganda, Mulema {Doggett\ 17 J', 4 7 type. Exp. 30 mm. 738 a. A gratis eloiopis, sp. n. 7 . Head and tegulae red-brown ; thorax fuscous ; palpi fuscous ; pectus, legs, and abdomen whitish tinged with brown. Fore wing red-browm with slight dark irroration ; subbasal line slight, dark, from costa to submedian fold ; antemedial line indistinct, double, sinuous, rather punctiform ; claviform absent; orbicular and reniform small, fuscous with whitish annuli slightly defined by black, the former elongate, acute at extremity, and touching the latter ; postmedial line represented by a double series of black points, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then oblique ; subterminal line absent ; cilia rufous with a fine whitish line at base. Hind wing white with dark discoidal point, postmedial series of minute streaks on the veins and fine terminal line ; the 214 Sir G. F. Ilampson on neio underside witli the markings more prominent^ the costal area slightly irrorated with fuscous. Ilah. Uganda, Kuwenzori, 6000^ [Ruwenzori 1 $ type. Exp. 30 in in. 795 a. MetaJepsis faegensis^ sp. n. . Head and thorax clothed with white and brown hair ; palpi black at sides; lower part of frons black and brown, a y('llow mark between antennae, which are black; tegulae with black medial line followed by a brown patch ; patagia with brown line near U))per edge ; dorsum of thorax mostly brown ; abdomen grey, suffused with brown. Fore wing grey-white, suffused with rufous in the interspaces, except on costal area; the veins slightly streaked with black and prominently defined by grey except on terminal area ; a short black and rufous streak below base of costa ; a black streak below base of cell and a stronger streak above inner margin before middle; antemedial line obsolete; claviform represented by a slight white streak with short black streak beyond it ; orbicular and roniform small, white with a black streak below them, the former elongate elliptical, the latter a minute lunule; a short black streak beyond upper angle of cell ; postmedial line obsolete ; a siibterminal series of small black spots in the interspaces interrupted by the grey streaks defining veins 7, 6, 4, 3 ; cilia white with a brown line through them. Hind wing grey, suffused and irrorated with fuscous ; cilia white with a fuscous line through them ; the underside paler. Hah. Tierra del Fuego, Cheena Creek (^Crawshay)^ 1 $ type. Exp. 30 mm. 817 a. EpisiUa clavata^ sp. n. ^ . Head, thorax, and abdomen dark reddish brown mixed with grey ; tarsi with pale rings. Fore wing grey tinged with red-brown, the medial area red-brown exce[)t towards costa and inner margin ; subbasal line represented by a black striga from costa ; a strong sinuous black streak below base of cell with yellow streak above it to the clavi- form, which has a yellowish annulus denned by black and intersects the oblique sinuous antemedial line ; orbicular and reniform grey with brownish centres and defined by black, the former oblique elliptical, open above, the latter a narrow lunule very strongly angled on median nervure to below orbicular, some blackish in cell before and between them ; 245 Genera and Species of NoctuI(I[ie. postmediul line strongly bent outwards below costa, tlien dentate, strongdy incurved below vein 4; subterminal lin.i very indistinct, greyish, slightly angled outwards at vein 7 and excurved at middle, the veins beyond it with slight dark streaks ; a terminal series of slight brown lunules ; cilia with fine brown line near base, blind wing grey suffused and irrorated with brown, a dark terminal line; the under- side witli dark discoidal lunule and diffused curved postmedial line. IJah. Punjab, Kulu {Dudgeon)^ 1 c? lyp^. E.cp. 30 mm. 856 c. Episilia arenacea^ sp. n. d . Head and thorax pale brownish ochreous ; tarsi fuscous with pale rings ; abdomen pale ochreous, dorsally irrorated with fuscous. Fore wing pale brownish ochreous slightly irrorated with fuscous ; a double, waved, subbasal line from costa to submedian fold ; antemedial line in- distinctly double, oblique, strongly waved, interrupted ; orbicular and reniform with slight yellowish annuli in- completely defined by fuscous, the former round, the latter large ; postmedial line double at costa, then indistinct, bent outwards below costa, then dentate and produced to a series of black points on the veins, oblique below vein 4, some pale points beyond it on costa; subterminal line ochreous white, slightly defined by fuscous on inner side at costa, then by slight dentate marks, angled outwards at vein 7 and slightly excurved at middle ; a terminal series of black points. Hind wing whitish suffused with pale brown; cilia yellowish white ; the underside white, the costal area tinged with ochreous, a small discoidal spot and punctiform postmedial line. Ilah, BeloochisTAN, Quetta {Nurse), 1 type. Exp, 46 mm. 867 a, Episilia rhodopea^ sp. n. . Head and thorax fuscous slightly mixed with grey and rufous ; abdomen whitish suffused with brown. Fore wing red-brown with slight dark irroration ; subbasal line represented by double oblique striae from costa ; antemedial line with double black strim from costa, then minutely dentate, above inner margin angled outwards almost to the postmedial line; claviforni absent; orbicular and reniform with fuscous centres and undefined whitish annuli, the former small, narrow, oblique elliptical ; a medial daik shade, oblique below the cell ; postmedial line represented by a 246 Sir G. F. Hampson on new double series of black points on the veins ; subterminal line absent, the terminal area slightly darker ; a terminal series of black points. Hind wing whitish tinged with brown; a dark discoidal spot, rather diffused sinuous postmedial line and terminal series of striae; cilia ochreous white with a faint dark line through them ; the underside with the markings more prominent, the costal area tinged with rufous and iiTorated with fuscous. Ilab, Uganda, Kuwenzori, 12,600^ [Ruwenzori Exp.'), 1 S type. Exp. 34 mm. 890 c. Episilia rujisigna^ sp. n. Head and thorax ochreous white tinged with brown; sides of palpi and frons blackish ; pectus tinged with rufous ; abdomen fuscous brown above, whitish below. Fore wing white tinged with ochreous and sparsely irrorated with black ; the lines absent ; orbicular represented by a black point ; reniform rufous defined by brown, quadrate, angled inwards on median nervure ; a diffused oblique red-brown shade from apex ; a terminal series of black points. Hind wing whitish suffused with reddish brown ; a dark discoidal spot ; cilia whitish ; the underside whitish irrorated with brown, a dark discoidal spot, small subapical spot on vein 7, and terminal series of small spots. Hah. S.E. Peru, St. Domingo, 1 \ ?. Exp. 52 mm. 913 a. LycopJiotia ecUpticaj sp. n. ^ . Head and thorax rufous ; tegulse with triangular deep rutous patch at base; abdomen pale rufous mixed with greyish. Fore wing rufous with an ochreous tinge; a slight curved rufous subbasal line ; antemedial line rufous, angled outwards below costa, incurved in submedian interspace and bent outwards to inner margin ; claviform represented by a faint point at its extremity ; orbicular a small almost obsolete annulus ; reniform narrow, fuscous defined by whitish ; traces of a medial shade ; postmedial line rufous, slightly bent outwards below costa, then minutely waved, excurved to vein 4, then incurved, slightly angled inwards in discal and submedian folds ; subterminal line almost obsolete, with slightly darker shade before it at costa ; cilia grey-brown with a dark browm line through them. Hind wing white, the veins, costal area, and termen tinged with brown ; a terminal series of dark striae ; the underside with the costal 247 Genera and Species 0/ N’octuiilaj. area su ffused with fuscous, a small discoidal lunule and indistinct sinuous postmedial line, the terminal strise black. Hah. Tierra del Fuego, Rio McClelland {Crawshaij), 1 type. Exp. 36 mm. 916 a. Lycopliotia air {media ^ sp. n. S . Head and thorax bright rufous slightly irrorated with white ; tarsi fuscous with pale rings ; abdomen pale brown, the anal tuft and ventral surface rufous. Fore wing bright rufous, the costal area slightly irrorated with white ; an in- distinct curved subbasal line from costa to submedian fold ; antemedial line bent inwards to costa, then slightly sinuous and rather oblique, indistinct towards inner margin ; clavi- form narrow defined by black ; orbicular and reniform irrorated with white and defined by black, the cell before and between them and the area between reniform and postmedial line suffused with black, the orbicular rounded, open above ; the postmedial line slightly bent outwards below costa, then very minutely waved, excurved to vein 4, then incurved, some pale points beyond it on costa; subterminal line very indistinct, with somewhat darker shade before it at costa, slightly angled outwards at vein 7 and excurved at middle. Hind wing white, the costal area slightly irrorated with brown ; the underside with the costal area suffused with rufous. Hah. Tierra del Fuego, Rio McClelland ( Grawshay) , 1 S fjpe. Exp. 42 mm. 923 a. Lycopliotia atrifascia^ sp. n. Head and thorax grey mixed with brown ; pectus with some ochreous hair ; abdomen ochreous white. Fore wing grey tinged with brown and irrorated with fuscous especially on the veins ; subbasal line represented by traces of double black striae from costa and cell ; antemedial line double, oblique, waved ; orbicular and reniform small, incompletely defined by black, the former round, a black fascia in cell between them and slight streak beyond the reniform ; post- medial line indistinct, double, bent outwards below costa, then minutely dentate and produced to black and white points on the veins, excurved to vein 4, then oblique ; subterminal line only defined by the area beyond it being tinged with fuscous, excurved below vein 7 and at middle ; a fine whitish line at base of cilia. Hind wing pure white ; the underside with the costal area slightly irrorated wfith brown. Hah. Argentina, Mendoza [Bain)^ 1 , 3 ? type. Exp. 32-38 mm. 248 Sir G. F. Hampson on new 924 a. Lycopliotia melanoleuca ^ sp. n. ^ . Head and thorax black -brown, tlie scales of head and thorax slightly tipped with grey ; abdomen fascous, the base paler, the anal tuft ochreous. Fore wing black-brown with a slight reddish tinge and leaden gloss ; subbasal line in- distinct, waved, from costa to submedian fold ; antemedial line double, the inner line very indistinct, waved, somewhat obli,que ; claviform minute, very indistinctly defined by black scales ; orbicular and reniform defined by black, the former round ; traces of a dark medial shade ; postmedial line defined by paler colour on outer side, bent outwards below costa, then very minutely waved, excurved to vein 4, then incurved, some pale points beyond it on costa; traces of a dark sub- terminal line, angled outwards at vein 7 and excurved at middle. Hind wing white, the costal area and veins slightly tinged with brown ; a fine brown terminal line ; the under- side with the costal area irrorated with fuscous. Hab. Tierka del Fuego, Rio McClelland {Crawshay), 1 ^ type. Exp. 42 mm. 951 a. Lycopliotia poliadeSj sp. n. ^ . Head and thorax white with a few fuscous hairs ; tarsi banded with black ; abdomen white with tufts of long ochreous hair from the lateral stigmata. Fore wing grey-white slightly tinged with pale rufous in parts and irrorated with fuscous, the veins with dark streaks ; a slight black streak below base of cell ; subbasal line represented by black sfrise from costa and cell ; antemedial line represented by a black point on costa ; claviform defined by a few black scales ; orbicular represented by a short black streak defined by white, the reniform by an undefined white lunule with fuscous spot at lower angle of cell ; medial and postmedial black points on costa, with some slight white points beyond them ; subterminal line indistinct whitish defined on inner side by slight dentate rufous marks, angled outwards at vein 7 and inwards at discal fold ; a terminal series of slight black lunules. Hind wing pure white. Hab. BeloOCHISTAN, Quetta [Nurse), 1 ^ fjpe. Exp. 36 mm. 1004 a. Lycopliotia hucoplaga, sp. n. $ . Head and thorax clothed with rufous and whitish scales ; tegulae whitish with rufous tips ; metathorax with rufous- tinged whitish patch ; abdomen fuscous brown. Fore 2i9 Genera and S/jecies of Noctulda?. wing rufous with slight dark irroration, the costal area whitish at base and with some grey beyond middle, the terminal area grey-wliite ; subbasal line absent ; antemedial line repre- sented by faint dark points on the veins ; claviform and orbicular absent ; reniform represented by a diffused dark patch, a quadrate wliite patch in cell before it connected with costa by an oblique wliite bar ; postmedial line represented by a white striga from costa, bent outwards below costa, then by a faint series of dark points on the veins ; subterminal line indistinct, grey with dark patch before it on costa, the apex white; a terminal series of slight black stria3 ; cilia rufous with fine pale line at base. Hind wing pale fuscous, the basal area whitish ; a slight dark discoidal point and fine terminal line; cilia whitish with a dark line through them ; the underside whitish irrorated with brown, the costal and terminal areas suffused with brown, a slight discoidal lunule and postmedial series of minute dark streaks on the veins. Hab. Uganda, Ruwenzori, 6000' {Ruioenzori Exp.)^ 1 ? type. Exp. 28 mm. 1020 a. Ufeus carnea^ sp. n. $ . Head and thorax pale flesh-colour mixed with brown ; abdomen pale grey-brown. Fore wing pale flesh-pink slightly irrorated with fuscous ; the medial area (except towards costa) and a patch on costa beyond postmedial line suffused with fuscous ; subbasal line represented by double striae from costa and cell ; antemedial line rather indistinct, waved, incurved to costa and angled inwards on vein 1 ; claviform minute, defined by blackish ; orbicular and reni- form pale pinkish defined by fuscous, the former rather oblique elliptical, the latter with some brownish in centre and angled inwards on median nervure ; traces of a vv^aved medial line; postmedial line indistinct, bent outwards below costa, then minutely waved, incurved below vein 4, some pale points on costa beyond it ; a subterminal series of small dentate black marks angled outwards at vein 7, then oblique; a terminal series of minute dark points ; a fine pale line at base of cilia. Hind wing ochreous suffused with brown ; the underside whitish tinged with flesh-colour and irrorated with brown, a small discoidal spot and indistinct sinuous post- medial line. Hah. Kashmir, Naikundah {McArthur)^ 1 ? type. Exp. 44 mm. Ann. As Mag. N. Hist. Ser. 7. Vol. xix. 17 250 Sir G. F. Hampson on new Genus Anhausta, nov. Type, A. expj’imata, Stand. Proboscis absent; palpi porrect to well beyond frons, fringed with long hair ; irons smooth ; eyes large^ rounded, overhung by long cilia; antennae of female ciliated; head and thorax clothed with hair only and without crests ; fore tibiae without spines, mid and hind tibiae with a few spines; abdomen with dorsal crest at base only. Fore wing with veins 3 and 5 from near angle of cell ; 6 from upper angle ; 9 from 10 anastomosing with 8 to form the areole ; 11 from cell. Hind wing with veins 3, 4 from angle of cell ; 5 obso- lescent from middle of discocellulars ; 6, 7 stalked ; 8 anas- tomosing with the cell near base only. 1021 e. Anytus leucocyma, sp. n. ? . Head and thorax red-brown mixed with fuscous ; frons with lateral black bars ; tegulae with slight medial black line ; abdomen grey-brown. Fore wing red- brown irrorated with grey and black on basal half, the veins streaked with black ; a sinuous black streak below base of cell ; subbasal line absent; antemedial line represented by two l3lack striae from costa, then very indistinct, strongly dentate, oblique ; clavi- form narrow, defined by black and with blackish streak from it to postmedial line ; orbicular defined by black, oblique, wedge-shaped ; reniform indistinctly defined by black and with slight whitish lunule on outer edge, its lower extremity produced ; postmedial line double at costa, bent outwards bilow costa, then dentate and produced to streaks on the veins, oblique to vein 5, then inwardly oblique and angled inwards in submedian fold, some white points beyond it on costa; subterrninal line white, waved, angled outwards at vein 7 and to termen at veins 4, 3, with black streaks beyond it in the interspaces ; a fine waved black terminal line; cilia greyish and fuscous intersected with white. Hind wing whitish tinged c\ith brown, the veins and terminal area suffused with brown ; traces of a waved white subterminal line ; cilia white with a slight dark line through them ; the underside white irrorated with fuscous ; a discoidal spot, slight waved postmedial line, and traces of subterminal line. H(xb. Kashmir, Nubra [McArthur), 2 ? type. Exp. 50 mm. Genera and Species of Noctuidse. 251 1025 a. Anytiis negrita, sp. n. \ $ . Head and thorax black-brown irrorated with grey ; tarsi ringed with white ; abdomen grey-brown, the dorsal crests rather darker. Fore wing black-brown slightly suffused with grey ; an indistinct double waved subbasal line from costa to submedian fold ; a slight black streak above inner margin near base; antemedial line indistinct, oblique, waved; claviform short, deep red-brown defined by black ; orbicular and reniform with brown centres and grey annuli defined by black, the former round, the latter constricted at middle and extending to below cell ; postmedial line indistinct, slightly bent outwards below costa, then waved, excurved to vein 4, then oblique, some grey points beyond it on costa ; a sub- terminal series of slight grey and black dentate marks ; a terminal series of slight black strife. Hind wing white, the veins brown, the inner area, and terminal area broadly, fuscous brown ; cilia pale brown, whitish towards tornus, a slight dark line near base ; the underside with the costal and terminal areas fuscous suffused with grey, a black discoidal point. Hah. Uruguay, Monte Video [de la Garde), 1 ? type. Exp. 36 mm. Genus Blepharita, nov. Type, B. arnica, Treit. Proboscis fully developed ; palpi oblique, the second joint fringed with long hair in front ; frons smooth ; eyes large, rounded, overhung by long cilia; antennse of male bipectinate with moderate branches to near apex ; head and thorax clothed chiefly with scales, the pro- and metathorax with spreading crests ; tibim fringed with hair, the mid and hind tibise spined; abdomen with dorsal crests on basal segments. Fore wing with the termeii crenulate ; veins 3 and 5 from near angle of cell ; 6 from upper angle ; 9 from 10 anas- tomosing with 8 to form the areole ; 11 from cell. Hind wing with veins 3, 4 from angle of cell ; 5 obsolescent fro.m middle of discocellulars ; 6, 7 from upper angle ; 8 anas- tomosing with the cell near base only. Genus Blepharoa, nov. Type, B, {Agrotis) mamestrina, Butl. Proboscis fully developed ; palpi obliquely upturned, the second joint fringed with long hair in front; frons smooth; eyes 17* 252 Sir G. F. llampson on new larp^e, rounded, overhung by long cilia ; antennae of male bi- ])ectinate with moderate branches, the apical third ciliated ; head and thorax clothed chiefly with scales, the pro- and metathorax with spreading crests; hind tibiae with one spine between mid and terminal spurs; abdomen with dorsal series of crests. Fore wing with veins 3 and 5 from near angle of cell ; 6 from upper angle; 9 from 10 anastomosing with 8 to form the areole ; 11 from cell. Hind wing with veins 3, 4 from angle of cell; 5 obsolescent from middle of disco- cellulars ; 6, 7 from upper angle ; 8 anastomosing with cell near base only. Genus Pal^agrotis, nov. Type, P. inops, Led. Proboscis fully developed ; palpi obliquely porrect, fringed with hair in front; frons with slight truncate prominence; eyes large, rounded ; antennae of male ciliated ; head and thorax clothed with hair overlying scales, the pro- and metathorax with slight crests ; mid and hind tibiae with one or two spines, fore tibiae without spines ; abdomen with dorsal crest at base only. Fore wing with veins 3 and 5 from near angle of cell ; 6 from upper angle ; 9 from 10 anastomosing with 8 to form the areole ; 11 from cell. Hind wing with veins 3, 4 from angle of cell ; 5 obsolescent from middle of discocellulars ; 6, 7 from upper angle; 8 anastomosing with the cell near base only. JIadeninje, Genus POLIA. Insert : — Miselia, Ochs. Schmett. Eur. iv. p. 72 (1816), non descr. ; Treit. Eur. Schmett. v. (1) p. 386 (1825), which has precedence Chera, Hiibn. Verz. p. 211 (1827) Hama, Steph. 111. Brit. Ent., Ilaiist. iii. p. 4 (1829). . . . 1269 a. Miselia pyro soma ^ sp. n. d . Head and thorax deep red ; tegulae with blackish marks at base and two leaden-grey medial lines ; patagia with leaden-grey line near upper edge ; palpi and the hair on pectus and femora fiery red; tibiae and tarsi fuscous, the latter ringed with white; abdomen fiery red, whitish at base and wdth the crests deep red. Fore wdng deep red suffused Type. conspersa. serratilinea. aliena. 253 Genera and Species of Xoctuidae. with black-brown, the veins streaked with fuscous and leaden grey ; subbasal line represented by a leaden-grey striga from costa and an oblique pale yellow striga from cell defined by black on inner side and with minute yellow striga before it ; a curved yellow mark with black suffusion above it above inner margin before the antemedial line, which is black defined by leaden grey on inner side, angled outwards below costa and inwards on median nervure, then oblique to vein 1, where it is angled outwards; claviform faintly defined by black and with wxdge-shaped yellow spot defined by black beyond it ; orbicular and reniform leaden grey faintly defined by black and with red lines in centres, the former oblique elliptical, the latter angled inwards on median nervure to below the former ; postmedial line black defined by leaden grey on outer side, slightly bent outwards below costa, then minutely dentate, oblique to vein 5, then inwardly oblique and angled inw^ards on vein 1, some wdiitish points beyond it on costa ; subterminal line represented by minute yellow streaks between veins 7 and 2, with blackish streaks beyond them and an oblique yellow striga below vein 2 ; a narrow leaden-grey terminal band with waved inner edge with some white points on it ; cilia red at base mixed w'ith grey and black at tips. Hind wing red-browm tinged with fuscous ; cilia white at tips; the underside red tinged wdth browm and irrorated with black, the inner area whitish, a black discoidal spot and curved postmedial line. Ilah. S.E. Peru, St. Domingo, 2 S ^yp^- 42-48 mm. 1293 a. Miselia pliimipeSj sp. n. S . Head, thorax, and abdomen bright rufous with a few dark scales ; some of the hair on fore tibise fuscous ; abdomen with sublateral black striae. Fore wing bright rufous slightly irrorated with black ; subbasal line represented by double black striai from costa ; antemedial line double, slightly waved ; oibicular and reniform small, the former oblique elliptical with whitish annulus defined by black, tlie latter open above and below, concave towards base, defined at sides by white between black lines, the white on outer side forming a small triangular mark ; postmedial line double, bent out- wards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then oblique, sinuous, some white points on costa beyond it ; subterminal line pale, angled outwards at vein 7 and excurved at middle, the area beyond it darker ; a terminal series of small black luiiules. Hind wing rufous, the cilia whitish at tips ; the underside greyish irrorated with rufous, especially on costal area ; a 254 Sir G. F. Hampson on new small discoidal spot, minutely waved postmedial line, and some small black lunules on termen from apex to vein 2. Hah, Costa Kica, 1 type. Exp, 28 mm. 1361a. Miselia gercea^ sp. n. $ . Head and thorax grey-white mixed with brown ; frons with lateral black bars ; tegulse with medial black line ; patagia edged with black ; tarsi black ringed with white ; abdomen grey-white, the dorsal crest at base with black line near tip, the extremity tinged with rufous. Fore wing grey- white irrorated with brown and fuscous, the veins with slight dark streaks ; a sinuous black streak below base of cell ; sub- basal line represented by slight black striae from costa and cell ; traces of a double antemedial line excurved from costa to submedian fold and angled inwards on vein 1; claviform narrow, defined by black ; orbicular and reniform with slight whitish annuli defined by black, the former elongate elliptical ; a diffused curved medial shade ; postmedial line with double black points at costa, then represented by slight black streaks on the veins, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then oblique ; subterminal line represented by a series of faint dentate brown marks, the area beyond it somewhat browner except at base and tornus ; a terminal series of black points. Hind wing white, the veins with dark streaks towards termen, which is tinged with brown ; the underside wdth the costal area slightly irrorated with fuscous, a terminal series of slight black striae. Hab, Br. E. Africa, Taveta [K. St. A. Bogers), 1 ? type. Exp. 34 mm. 1930 a. Cirphis clavifera^ sp. n. $ . Head and thorax white slightly tinged vvith brown and irrorated with black ; frons with lateral black bars ; patagia with some black scales near upper edge ; abdomen white, dorsally tinged with ochreous. Fore wing white, slightly irrorated wdth black and faintly tinged with brown except costal area to beyond middle and inner area to middle, the submedian and discal folds tinged with yellowish ; the median iiervure with fine white streak ; a sliglit black streak below base of cell ; antemedial line represented by a black point on vein 1 ; claviform indicated by slight black marks above and below ; a rather wedge-shaped white mark in end of cell ; postmedial line represented by a series of black points on the veins, bent outw'ards below costa and oblique below vein 4 ; 255 Genera and Species of Noctuidae. a slight whitish streak below terminal part of vein 7 and slight subterminal striga above tornus ; a terminal series of black points. Hind wing pure white. Hah. Br. E. Africa, Taveta (K. St. A. Rogers), 1 ? type. Exp. 32 mm. 1972 a. Borolia ustata, sp. n. S . Head, tegulae, and prothoracic crest ochreous mixed with dark brown ; the tegulae with three black lines ; thorax yellow mixed with fiery red ; pectus and legs ochreous mixed with dark brown ; abdomen ochreous suffused with brown. Fore wing yellow suffused with fiery red, the costal and inner areas with slight dark irroration, the veins whitish defined by slight brown streaks, the interspaces with slight brown streaks ; the costal edge wdiitish, the costal area brownish on terminal half and an oblique brownish fascia from termen below apex ; subbasal line represented by a series of black points strongly excurv’-ed below the cell ; a white streak on extremity of median nervure ; orbicular and reniform yellow with some rufous in centres, ill-defined ; a curved postmedial series of black points with traces of a crenulate line between them ; a terminal series of black points; cilia brown. Hind wing ochreous white, the terminal half suffused with brown ; a terminal series of black points from apex to vein 2 ; cilia ochreous white witli a brown line through them ; the underside with the costal and terminal areas suffused with rufous and irrorated with black ; a small discoidal spot, rather diffused postmedial line from costa to vein 2, and terminal series of black points. Hah. Transvaal, White R. {Cooke), 1 type. Exp. 28 mm. 1973 a. Borolia pyrostrota, sp. n. ? . Head and thorax ochreous mixed with red ; sides of palpi and frons brownish ; patagia streaked with brown at sides ; abdomen reddish ochreous irrorated with fuscous. Fore wing yellowish tinged with fiery red, the veins white defined by fine fuscous streaks, the interspaces of terminal area with fine fuscous streaks, the basal half of costal area pale yellow ; antemedial line represented by two obliquely placed black points in submedian interspace ; a black point at lower angle of cell ; a postmedial series of black points, slightly bent outwards below costa, angled inwards in discal fold and oblique below vein 4 ; diffused dark shades along subcostal and median nervures and thence to apex, from which an oblique pale fascia extends to vein 4 ; a terminal 250 Sir G. F. Ilampsoii on new series of black points. Hind wing oclireous, nearly uniformly suffused with fuscous ; cilia pale yellowish ; the underside pale yellowish irrorated with fuscous, a black discoidal spot, postmedial series of short streaks on the veins, and terminal series of points. Hah. Uganda, Ruwenzori, 6000' [Ruwenzori Exp.), 1 $ type. Exp. 32 mm. 1977 a. B or olia fascia, sp. n. $ . Head and thorax pale oclireous tinged with reddish brown ; antennae blackish ; tarsi fuscous ; abdomen pale oclireous tinged with fuscous brown. Fore wing pale brownish oclireous, the cell and area beyond it running obliquely to termen below apex pale rufous, the medial part of submedian interspace tinged with rufous, the inner area slightly irrorated with black except towards base ; a sinuous black streak below basal half of cell ; the terminal half of median nervure with prominent white streak; veins 3,4 with slight white streaks with fine streaks above them ; an oblique whitish fascia from apex ; a subtermiiial black point on vein 4 and a terminal series of black points ; cilia grey-brown. Hind wing oclireous whitish, the terminal half suffused with fuscous brown; cilia white; the underside brownish white with terminal series of black points. Hob. Lagos {Boag), 1 $ type. Exp. 40 mm. 1998 a. Borolia metasarca, n. sp. f . Head and thorax pale pinkish brown ; patagia with a few black scales near upper edge ; legs slightly irrorated with fuscous; abdomen oclireous brown. Fore wing pinkish fleBh-colour, the cell and area beyond it to postmedial line, the area below it to submedian fold, and a fascia below medial part of vein 1 olive-brown ; a whitish streak on median nervure and above vein 3 to termen, some sparse black iiToration ; a prominent black spot at lower angle of cell ; postmedial line represented by a series of black points, bent outwards below costa and oblique below vein 4 ; the veins of terminal area streaked with olive-brown ; a pale oblique fascia from apex defined above and below by fuscous shades ; a terminal series of black points ; cilia pinkish intersected with brown. Hind wing with the cell and area beyond it to termen flesh-pink slightly suffused with fuscous, the costal and inner areas })ale brownish oclireous ; cilia pale yellow ; the underside with the costal area slightly iiroratcd witli 257 Genera and Species o/Noctuicl?o. black, a discoidal limiile, curved postmedial series of points and terminal series. » Hal). Ashanti, Kumassi ( Whiteside) ^ 2 $ type. Exp. 32 mm. 2003 a. Borolia phceopastaj sp. n. $ . Head and thorax pale ochreous irrorated with fuscous ; abdomen ochreous irrorated and suffused with fuscous. Fore wing ochreous tinged with red and thickly irrorated with fuscous ; traces of a waved antemedial line ; orbicular repre- sented by a dark point, the reniform by a dark lunule on yellowish patches ; traces of a postmedial line with dark streaks beyond it on the veins, slightly bent outwards below costa and oblique below vein 4 ; subterminal line represented by the area beyond it being somewhat darker, angled out- wards at vein 7 and excurved at middle ; a terminal series of black points. Hind wing ochreous uniformly suffused with fuscous ; cilia pale ochreous ; the underside ochreous irrorated with fuscous, a slight dark discoidal spot and curved post- medial line. Hah. Uganda, Huwenzori, 6000' (Ruwenzori Exp.), 1 $ type. Exp. 32 mm. Ctjcvllianm. 2589 a. Trichoridia ethiopica, sp. n. . Head and thorax deep red-brown, the head and tegulae redder ; palpi dark brown fringed with rufous; pectus and legs pale brown mixed wdth fuscous ; abdomen pale browni suffused with fuscous browm, the anal tuft rufous. Fore wing pale red-brown, the basal area and costal area to near apex suffused with dark brown leaving the costal edge rufous, the medial area deep red-brown except on costal and inner areas and defined from subcostal nervure to vein 1 by the slight pale ante- and postmedial lines, the former outw^ardly oblique below submedian fold, the latter inwardly oblique below^ vein 5 ; orbicular and reniform whitish tinged with browm, the former very oblique oblong and botli confluent with a large elliptical patch on extremity of median nervure extend- ing to well beyond low^er angle of cell ; a slight brown terminal line. Hind wing pale brown suffused with fuscous brown ; cilia pale rufous ; the underside whitish tinged with rufous and irrorated with fuscous, a fuscous discoidal lunule and diffused slightly curved postmedial line. Hah. Bk. E. Africa, Aberdare Range {R. Ford), 1 S type. Exp. 34 mm. 258 Mr. C. T. Regan on XXX. — Descriptlom of Six new Freshwater Fishes from Mexico arid Central America. Bj C. Tate Regan, B.A. Pimelodus Boucardi, Depth of body in the length, length of head 4. Breadth of head 1 J in its length, length of snout 2|, diameter of eye 6, interorbital width 3. Lower jaw nearly as long as the upper ; maxillary barbel extending to origin of adipose fin. Head covered with smooth skin ; occipital process rather strong, extending the distance from its base to the origin of dorsal. Dorsal 1 6, the spine slender, the fin rounded, as high as long. Adipose fin J the length of the fish. Anal 14. Pectoral spine with serrated inner edge, about | the length of tlie fin and J the length of head; humeral process long, nearly reaching the middle of the fin ; ventrals originating nearly below the last dorsal ray, extending more than f of the distance from their base to the origin of anal. Caudal deeply notched, the lobes rounded, the lower the larger. Least depth of caudal peduncle the length of head. Blackish. Hah. Yucatan [Boucard). A single specimen, 190 mm. in total length. Fimelodus hrachycephalus. Depth of body to in the length, length of head 5^ to 5|. Breadth of head Ih in its length, length of snout 2| to 3, diameter of eye 5 to 6, interorbital width 3 to 3^. Lower jaw a little shorter than the upper ; maxillary barbel extending to the basal part of pectoral. Head covered with smooth skin ; occipital process short. Dorsal I 6, the spine slender, the fin rounded, as high as or higher than long. Length of adipose fin 3^ to 3|; in the length of the fish. Anal 12-13. Pectoral spine with serrated inner edge, about I the length of the fin and | the length of head ; humeral proeess short ; ventrals originating behind the dorsal, ex- tending I to I the distance from their base to the origin of anal. Caudal moderately notched, the lower lobe rounded and rather shorter than the upper. Least depth of caudal peduncle § or more than the length of head. Brownish. JIab. Guatemala, Rio Nacasil [Salvin). Six specimens, measuring up to 190 mm. in total length. new Freshwater Fishes. 259 Plmelodus Roger si. Depth of body 6 in the length, length of head 5. Head 1^- as long as broad. Diameter of eye 6 in the length of head, interorbital width 3, length of snout 3. Head covered with smooth skin ; fontanel not extending beyond the level of posterior margin of eye ; occipital process short. Maxillary barbel extending to middle of pec'^oral fin. Dorsal I 6, the spine slender, the fin rounded, higher than long. Adipose fin as long as or a little longer than its distance from the dorsal, about f the length of the fish. Anal 12-14. Pectoral spine nearly | the length of the fin and nearly | the length of head, its inner edge with a series of rather small denticula- tions. Ventrals originating behind the last dorsal ray, ex- tending J the distance from their base to the origin of anal. Caudal with a shallow notch. Least depth of caudal peduncle I the length of head. Brownish. Hah. Costa Pica, Irazu [H. Rogers). Pour specimens, measuring up to 130 mm. in total length. Allied to P. tSalvinij Gthr., which has a longer adipose fin (f the length of the fish), a shorter pectoral spine (less than the length of iiead), a shorter anal fin with 11 rays, and the caudal more deeply notched. Gambusla annectens. Depth of body 3 to 3| in the length, length of head 3J to 3|. Snout as long as or shorter than eye, the diameter of which is 3 to 3| in the length of head ; interorbital width equal to the distance from middle or posterior part of eye to free edge of operculum. 28 to 31 scales in a longitudinal series. Dorsal 10-12; origin equidistant from tip of snout and middle or posterior part of caudal ; free edge of the fin convex. Anal 9-10, pointed, originating a little in advance of the dorsal. Pectoral about f the length of head. Caudal rounded or subtruncate. Least depth of caudal peduncle about f the length of head. Scales with dark edges, forming series of spots on the lower part of the side ; often a series of short dark vertical bars along the middle of the side; a series of dark spots on the lower part of the dorsal fin. Hah. Costa Pica, Carrullo and Juan Venas [Underwood) ; Iiazu [Rogers). Numerous specimens, measuring up to 70 mm. in total length. This species is very close to O. episcopi, Steind., from Panama, which has only 8 or 9 dorsal rays and also ditfers in having a blackish spot on the anal fin. It is also close to 2G0 On new Freshwater Fishes. G. terrahensis^ Jiegan, and G. Jonesii^ Giinther and with tliern forms a series froiri G. episcopi to G. {Pseudoxipho- jdwrus) bimaculata, Heck., so that the genus Pseudoxipho- phurus can no longer be maintained. Gamhusia terrahensis. Depth of body to 3^ in the length, length of head 3-^ to 3i. Snout shorter than eye, the diameter of which is 3 to 3^ in the length of head ; interorbital width equal to the distance from posterior margin of pupil to free edge of operculum. 29 to 31 scales in a longitudinal series. Dorsal 12-14; origin equidistant from tip of snout and base of caudal or a little nearer the latter. Anal 9-10 ; oi’igin below or a little in advance of the middle of dorsal. Pectoral nearly J the length of head. Caudal subtruncate. Least depth of caudal peduncle nearly § the length of head. Scales of the upper- part of the body with dark edges ; an interrupted dark lateral stripe ; dorsal fin with a basal series of vertically expanded blackish spots and with a second series of smaller spots ; anal dark at the base and also distally ; posterior part of caudal dusky. Hah. Costa Rica, Rio Grande de Terraba, Pacific Slope (L/. Pittier'). Six specimens, measuring up to 48 mm. in total length. Sicydium Piitieri. Depth of body 6 in the length, length of head to 5|. Diameter of eye to 6 in the length of head, intei-orbital width 4 to 4J. Snout obtuse ; mouth subterminal, with horizontal cleft, extending to below the middle of eye; u])per teeth bicuspid ; teeth of the outer series in the lower jaw sometimes concealed. Occipital region covered with small scales; 75 to 80 scales in a longitudinal series; abdomen with a median naked area or strip. Dorsal VI, 1 10; rays of first dorsal (in the males) produced into filaments, the longest, when laid back, nearly reaching the end of the base of second dorsal ; longest rays of second dorsal a little longer than the head. Anal I 10 ; origin equidistant from eye and base of caudal. Pectoral longer than the head, twice as long as the ventrals. A dark spot on each scale ; dorsal fins witli dark vermiculations ; anal with a daik edge. llah. Costa Rica, Rio Grande de Terraba (/i. Pittier). Two specimens (males), 120 and 135 mm. in total lengih. This species is nearest to H. Salrini, Grant, from Panama and Western Ecuador. * MolUenisia Jonesii, — Psetaloxiphophorus pauciradiaius, 1-Jogan. On new CJiaracinid Fishes. 2(31 XXXI. — Descriptions of Two new Gharacinid Fishes from Argentina. By C. Tate Reg AN, B.A. Dr. L. Reh, of the Hamburg Natural History Museum, recently sent a few specimens to Mr. Boulenger for deter- mination, describing them as aquarium fishes from Argentina. These have been handed over to me and referred to tliree species, viz. Tetragonopterus cordovensis, Gthr., and two other Characinids, each the type of a new genus and species, which are described below. PoGONOCHARAX, gen. nov. Closely allied to Pgrrhulina, C. & V., differing in the toothless mouth, the presence of two barbels on each side, respectively attached to the distal ends of the praemaxillary and maxillary, and in the more posterior position of the dorsal fin, which is opposite the anal. Pogonocharax Rehi^ sp. n. Depth of body equal to length of head, in the length of the fish. Snout shorter than eye, the diameter of which is 3^' in the length of head and less than the interorbital width. Mouth small, toothless ; lower jaw flat, shovel-shaped (as in Pyrrhxdina Jilamentosa) ; pra3maxillary barbel about as long as the eye ; maxillary entirely in front of the eye, bearing a barbel which is | as long as the fish. Scales rather large. cycloid, apparently about 25 in a longitudinal series ; no lateral line. Dorsal 8, rather elevated anteriorly. Anal 8; origin below that of the dorsal ; fin larger than the dorsal and with the posterior rays much branched. Pectoral long, 262 Dr. R. Broom on some pointed, 1^ as long as the head ; outer ray of ventral some- what produced, reaching the anal. Caudal peduncle twice as long as deep. Perhaps a dusky lateral band. A single specimen, 45 mm. in total length. The barbels at once distinguish this remarkable fish from any other member of the family. Phoxinopsis, gen. nov. Allied to Lehiasina^ C. & V., but with the teeth conical instead of tricuspid and tlie anal fin longer. Phoxinopsis ty pirns ^ sp. n. Depth of body nearly e'qual to the length of head, 4 in the length of the fish. Snout much shorter than eye, the diameter of which is 3 in the length of head and a little less than the interorbital width. Teeth conical, in a single series ; maxillary toothless, extending to below the anterior edge of eye. Scales cycloid, 33 in a longitudinal series ; lateral line developed anteriorly, on 6 or 7 scales only. Dorsal 10; origin a little nearer to base of caudal than to tip of snout ; longest ray a little shorter than the head. Anal 16 ; origin below end of dorsal ; free edge emarginate. Pectoral shorter than the head, extending a little beyond the base of ventrals, which do not quite reach the anal. Caudal peduncle a little longer than deep. A dark linear lateral streak. A single specimen, 34 mm. in total length. XXXII; — On some new Species of Chrysochloris. By R. Broom, M.D., D.Sc., C.M.Z.S. Dobson, in his monograph on the Insectivora, published in 1883, recognizes only five species of Chrysochloris as in- habiting South Africa, viz. Chrysochloris aurea [ = asiatica)^ new Species 0/ Clirysocliloris. C. vilhsaj C. Trevdyani^ C. rutilans ( = hottentota) , and C. ohtusirostris ; and W. L. Sclater, in his ‘ Mammals of South Africa,’ recog'nizes only the same five. Recently, as the result mainly of the researches of Mr. C. II. B. Grrant, Oldfield Thomas has added a few new species belonging to the subgenus Amblysomus^ viz. A. clirysillusj A. irisj A. Corricej and a subspecies A, hottentottus pondolice. Tliough I have devoted comparatively little attention to systematic zoology, I have from time to time made pretty extensive collections of the bones of small mammals, and the best hunting-grounds I have invariably found to be the haunts of owls. In the disgorged pellets often found in great abundance in rock-clefts the small mammal skulls are usually preserved uninjured, and the owls frequently obtain specimens which the collector of skins will not readily come across. Having been recently studying the development and varia- tions of the teeth of Chrysochloris^ I have gone over witli care the collection of small mole skulls that I have made from time to time, and among them I have discovered four new species. Through the kindness of Mr. Peringuey, Director of the South African Museum, I have examined all the specimens in the museum, and have found in the collection the skins of two forms of which I had already the skulls, and also another new species. The examination of these new forms has led me to doubt the wisdom of making Amblysomus a distinct genus, and I shall therefore retain, provisionally at least, the generic name Chrysochloris for all the species. Chrysochloris Sclaieri, sp. n. Of this new species two specimens have been in the South African Museum for some years. Both are preserved in spirit and come from Beaufort West. The nose-pad at once distinguishes the species from C. asiatica, as its outer end is not produced into a sharp point as in the common species, but rounded. The general colour of the back is reddish brown, not unlike many speci- mens of C. hottentota. The lips and cheeks are dull cream- yellow, and the light patches extend to a little behind the ocular region, over the temporal area, and meet each other above the nasal pad. On the upper surface of the head a few brown hairs are mixed with the yellow, and above the nasal pad so many as to make the area pale brown. The general colour of the abdomen is a pale dirty brown. The skull differs from that of C. asiatica in being much 2G4 Dr. R. Broom on some narrower and in having no trace of the protuberance into the temporal well. In general proportions the skull is much more like that of (7. hottentota^ but much smaller. The teeth are forty in number and resemble pretty closely in general structure those of C. hottentota, though smaller. The second last molar is not unlike the last molar of G. hotten- tota j owing to the posterior style being rudimentary. The lower teeth are almost identical in structure with those of C. hottentota^ the premolars and molars having the well- developed posterior basal ledge. The second last molar has the ledge which is absent in G. hottentota^ and the last molar is small. The whole structure of the skull and teeth shows this species to be much more nearly related to G, hottentota than to G. asiatica ; and if this species, because it has forty teeth, is retained in the genus Ghrysochloris, it seems scarcely advisable to make a distinct genus for G. hottentota merely because the minute last molar is missing. Dimensions of the type (probably slightly shrunk by spirit) : — Head and body 96 mm. ; hind foot (s. u.) 11. Skull: greatest length 23‘2 ; basal length 18*8; greatest breadth 15‘6 ; greatest height 12 ; interorbital breadth 7*2 ; front of to back of rn^ 10 ; palate across posterior pre- molars 7’ 7. Eab. Beaufort West, Cape Colony. Also probably much further east. Type. Specimen no. 3148 in South African Museum. Young female. I have named the specimen after Mr. W. L. Sclater, late Director of the South African Museum. GhrysochJoris Wtntom] sp. n. About ten years ago I obtained a couple of specimens of moles at Port Nolloth. Unfortunately at that time I had not seen G. asiatica, and assumed that the Port Nolloth animals belonged to the ordinary species. The skin of one was sent to the British Museum, but the skull was destroyed for the sake of the brain. Prom the other specimen a skeleton was prepared. As I had kept the lower jaw of the first specimen with a preparation of the tongue, I have for some time been aware that it belonged to an undescribed species. Luckily there is in the collection of the South African Museum a specimen from Port Nolloth which, though rather badly preserved in spirit, may be taken as the type. new Species of Clirysoclilorls. 265 The nose-pad at the sides is intermediate in shape between that of C. asiatica and C. Sclateri, and forms a blunt angle. The digging portion of the snout is narrower and longer than in the other species. The back is pale slaty grey in colour, with a greenish iridescence, while the whole of the upperside of the head and the lips are yellowish grey, which becomes darker above the nose-pad. The abdomen is the same colour as the back. The fore and hind feet are relatively broader than in most species. The fore foot has a large pad on the inner side of the first digit, doubtless to facilitate digging in the sand. The fourth toe of the front foot is fairly well developed. The skull is chiefly remarkable for the great size of the posterior olfactory region. In this it differs from all other known species. Whereas in all other species the interorbital region is flat or concave, here it is convex. There is less of a crest between the parietal and occipital regions than in (7. asiatica^ and the projection formed by the head of the malleus is smaller, though quite distinct. The teeth are forty in number and resemble those of C. asiatica^ except in being smaller and in the relatively smaller size of the first premolar and the last two molars. Lower molars have no basal ledge. Dimensions of type Head and body 90 mm. ; hind foot (s. u.) 10*3. Skull : greatest length 21*3 ; greatest breadth 16*2 ; greatest height 11*2; interorbital breadth 9’2; front of to back of w? 9 ; palate across posterior premolars 7*8. Hah, Port Nolloth, Cape Colony. Among the sand-dunes. Type, Specimen no. 1917 in South African Museum. The species is named after Mr. W. E. de Wintori, who has done much towards the study of South African mammals, and to whom I have been indebted at different times for kind assistance. Chrysochloris Grantiy sp. n. Of this species I have four well-preserved skulls from Garies, Namaqualand; but the skin was unknown till 1 discovered a specimen in the South African Museum without locality or history, but which doubtless also comes from Namaqualand. The nasal pad is rather small, the hard portion very short and the outer soft portion very narrow at the sides. The fur is extremely long, the hairs on the back being about 20 mm. in length. The general colour on the back is greyish Anru Mag. N. Hist. Ser. 7. Vol. xix. 18 2G6 Dr. D. Broom on some brown, the tips ot the hairs being light and the inner part of the fur dark. In spirit the fur shows a violet iridescence. The whole head is light yellowish; it is unusually broad and the nose short. The fore feet have a much smaller pad to the first digit than G. Wintoni, while the fourth digit is a fairly well developed functional toe, larger than in any other known species, and with a rather large claw. The skull is like that of C. asiatica in being relatively broad, but differs in being much smaller, in having a rela- tively much shorter snout, and in having scarcely any trace of a protuberance into the temporal fossa. The teeth are forty in number, and the most noteworthy feature is that the first upper premolar is of small size and single-rooted. This character is constant in all five skulls. In the lower jaw of the type there are only nine teeth on the right side. Dimensions of type : — Greatest length 82 mm. ; hind foot 9. Skull : greatest length 19*2 ; basal length 15 ; greatest breadth 17; greatest height 11*5; interorbital breadth 7; front of p- to back of 8*5; palatal width across posterior premolars 7*6. Hah, Namaqualand. Type, In South African Museum. The species is named after Mr. C. H. B. Grant, who has done so much in the last few years to advance our knowledge of South African Mammals. Chrysochloris namoquensis, sp. n. This new species is represented by four fairly well preserved skulls, but nothing is known of the skin ; but as the skulls are easily distinguished from those of any known species, and as the skull and teeth are much safer guides than the skins, 1 think it well to give the form a name. The skull is about the same size as in G. Granti^ but is narrower and longer. It is further differentiated by having a large protuberance in the posterior wall of the temporal fossa, as in G. asiatica. The teeth resemble, so far as preserved, those of G. asiatica^ the first upper premolar being large and double-rooted. The second upper incisor is relatively larger than in G. asiatica. Skull : greatest length 20 mm. ; basal length 16*5 ; greatest breadth 15*5 ; greatest height 11 ; orbital breadth G’5 ; front of to back of 8*5 ; palate across posterior pre- molars 7*8. 2G7 neio Species of Clirysoclilorls. There are forty teeth. Uah. Garies, Namaqualand. Type. The type skull will be deposited in the South African Museum and a co-type given to the British Museum. CJirysochloris tenuis^ sp. n. This species is only represented by two skulls, both slightly imperfect, from Garies, It differs from all the preceding species in having, like C. hottentota., only thirty-six teeth, and thus belongs to the subgenus Amhlysomus. It differs, however, from all the known species of Amhlysomus in having a large protuberance encroaching on the temporal fossa as in G. asiatica. Skull : greatest length 20*5 mm. ; basal length 16 ; greatest breadth 14*5 ; greatest height 10*2 ; interorbital width 6*5 ; front of T to back oT 9*6 ; palate across posterior pre- molars 7*3. Hah. Garies, Namaqualand. Type, The type skull will be deposited in the Soutli African Museum and a co-type given to the British Museum. Tl'e following may be taken as a synopsis of the species, omitting one or two imperfectly known and very doublfiilly distinct forms : — Synopsis of the Species. I. Teeth 40. A. Bony projection on posterior wall of temporal fossa ; zygomatic arch small ; ratio of breadth of skull to length 7o to 85 ; 100. a. Interorbital region narrow. a'. Skull, breadth to length ratio over 80 : 100 . C. asiatica. b' . Skull, breadth to length ratio 75:100 .... C. namaquensis. h. Interorbital region expanded C. Wintuni. B. Bony projection on posterior wall of temporal fossa very small or absent ; zygomatic arch small. a. Skull, breadth to length ratio 90:100 C. Granti. b. Skull, breadth to length ratio 66: 100 C. Sclateri. C. Bony projection on posterior wall of temporal fossa very small or absent ; zygomatic arch greatly expanded. a. Length of skull 33 ram C. villosa. b. Length of skull 42 mm C. Trevelyani. II. Teeth 36. A. Bony projection on posterior wall of temporal fossa ; ratio of skull breadth to length 68 : 100. . C. tenuis. 268 Ml*, rj. E. Turner on B. No bony projection on posterior wall of temporal fossa. a. Skull, breadth to lenp-th ratio about GO : 100. a'. Length of skull 28 mm C. hottentota. C. Corrice. b'. Length of skull 25 mm C. iris, h. Skull, breadth to length ratio about 72 : 100 . . C. ohtusirostris. . C. chrysillus. Chrysoclihris Corrice and C. chrysillus^ recently described by Thomas, appear to be closely allied to C, hottentota and C. ohtusirostris respectively, and no marked cranial characters are stated by which they can be readily distinguished. I am not acquainted with either of these recently described species. Victoria College, Stellenbosch, Nov. 30, 1906. XXXIII. — New Species of Sphegidte from Australia. By B, E. Turner. Only two genera allied to Ampulex have hitherto been recorded as Australian, each containing a single Australian species. Aphelotoma was described by Westwood for a Tasmanian species, and I am now able to describe two .additional species from the mainland. Dolichurus carbonarius^ Sm.., belonging to a small but wide-ranging genus, was described by Smith from Champion Bay, W.A. I can now record its occurrence at Mackay, on the Queensland coast. I also describe three species of a new genus, which is, perhaps, nearest to Aphelotoma, Genus Aphelotoma, Westw. Aphelotoma, Westw, Proc. Ent. Soc. Loudon, 1840, p. 12. Type, Aphelotoma tasmanica^ Westw. Aphelotoma aterrima, sp. n. ^ . Head and thorax opaque, delicately reticulate. Clypeus broadly rounded anteriorly, without a median carina. Plead broad, the eyes not quite touching the base of the mandibles and convergent towards the vertex. Pronotiim narrowq elongate, depressed anteriorly, broadest posteriorly, with a median longitudinal sulca. Mesonotum short and broad. 2G9 neio Spliegicla; from Amir alia. tlie surface divided into three almost equal parts by a longi- tudinal sulca on each side. Median segment broad, sub- quadrate, only slightly narrowed posteriorly, abruptly truncate, the angles above the truncation produced on each side into a minute spine, the dorsal surface of the segment coarsely rugose, the surface of the truncation irregularly obliquely striate. Abdomen shining; the three basal segments large, the second slightly constricted at the base ; sparsely punc- tured, the sides of the segments (especially of the third) very finely and closely punctured; the apical segments small and withdrawn. The tibiae are smooth, not serrate. The inter- mediate tibiae have two apical spines. Black ; a spot beneath the scape of the antennae at the apex pale yellow ; abdomen dark fuscous. Wings hyaline, slightly tinted with yellow, the radial and second and third cubital cells clouded with pale fuscous. Tegulae and nervures testaceous. The first recurrent nervure is received close to the apex of the first cubital cell, the second just at the base of the third cubital cell, almost interstitial with the second trans- verse cubital nervure. The second cubital cell is very narrow on the radial nervure; the first transverse cubital nervure is bent sharply outwards near the base. Length 5 mm. $ unknown. Hah. Mackajq Queensland. This species is very distinct from A. tasmanica in colour and general facies, but there does not seem to be any marked structural difference. Aphelotoma auriventris, sp. n, $ . Clypeus broad and short, truncate anteriorly, sparsely punctured ; head opaque, the front strongly sculptured, irregularly longitudinally punctured striate, vertex reticulate. Pronotum subquadrate, about half the width of the meso- notum, very coarsely rugose, with an obscure indication of a median sulca; a small tubercle on each side before tlie posterior angle, behind the tubercles the pronotum is obliquely depressed to the posterior margin. Mesonotum and scutelluin very coarsely rugose, the mesonotum reaching to the hind margin of the tegulse, the scutellum broadly rounded at the apex. Median segment at the base as broad as long, flat above, truncate posteriorly, the lateral margins raised, the dorsal surface strongly longitudinally striate, the striie about 270 Mr. H. E. Turner on ten in number ; tlje surface of the truncation coarsely rugose. Abdomen short, the two basal segments shining and finely punctured, the third segment delicately reticulate and pubes- cent, the apical segments small and withdrawn. Black ; the antertnae, mandibles, tibiae, and tarsi fusco- ferruginous ; abdomen shining golden bronze. Wings hyaline, iridescent, with faint fuscous clouds near the centre and in the second cubital cell. The first transverse cubital nervure is sharply bent outwards near the base and throws out a shoit branch inwards, so that the first cubital cell is imperfectly divided. Length 6 mm. Hah. Victoria. Genus Auchenophorus, nov. $ . Head as broad or broader than the thorax ; the cheeks well developed ; the eyes reaching to the base of the man- dibles, convergent towards the vertex. Antennae with the apical joints somewhat stouter than the basal, shorter than the head and thorax, not covered at the base by a tubercle. Mandibles acute at the apex, not bidentate ; the apical outer angle of the maxilla produced into a prominent lobe, the maxillary palpi five-jointed, the joints in the typical species rather short and subequal ; labial palpi four-jointed ; labrum transverse, straight, strongly ciliate on the anterior margin. Pronotum narrower than the mesonoturn, depressed anteriorly; mesonotum short, the posterior margin not reaching beyond the posterior margin of the tegulse. Median segment rather long, flat above, truncate posteriorly, marked dorsally with a straight median carina from the base, continued on the surface of the truncation to the apex, also with a carina on each side converging from the base and forming a triangle. Abdomen pseudosessile or subpetiolate, the apical segments not very short, none of the segments constricted at the base. The trochanters long, the intermediate and posterior tibiae slightly spinose, the intermediate tibiae with only one apical spine ; the joints of the tarsi slender and elongate. Wings short, with only one cubital and one discoidal cell, the radial cell short, subtruncate at the apex ; the cubital cell large, receiving the recurrent nervure at about two thirds of tlie distance from the base to the apex. Tlie anal cell of the hind wing is short ; the apex of the median cell touches the costa; the radial and cubital nervures are only faintly indicated beyond the median cell. new S[)liegida3 from Australia, 271 This curious genus belongs to Kohl’s Group X. of the Sphegidae, which includes Ampulex and the allied genera, but in the neuration it approaches much more nearly to some of the genera in Group XL It should probably come next to Aphelotoma. Type, A, coruscans^ sp. n. In size and colour these insects resemble some of the Mutillidae. Auchenophorus coruscans, sp. n. $ . Clypeus broad, rounded anteriorly, the apical margin depressed ; head shining, very minutely punctured ; a short, delicate, longitudinal carina from between the antennae reaching halfway to the anterior ocellus. Pronotum convex, depressed anteriorly, narrow, with a slight depression in the middle of the posterior margin, which is strongly depressed. The sides of the prothorax are concave and the posterior angles do not reach the base of the wings. Mesonotum short and broad ; the whole thorax shining, minutely punctured. Median segment long, flat above, abruptly truncate posteriorly, very coarsely rugose ; a median carina starting from the base and continued to the apex on the dorsal surface and also on the surface of the truncation, with a carina on each side converging from the base and meeting above the truncation, forming an isosceles triangle; the surface of the truncation is irregularly trans- versely striated. Abdomen pseudosessile, smooth and shining, the first segment long, the apical segment pointed. Bright metallic blue ; the mandibles, labrum, and scape of the antennae dark ferruginous. Antennae fuscous. Pro- thorax, mesonotum, tegulae, anterior tibiae above, the three basal abdominal segments and the base of the fourth bright ferruginous red. Tibiae and tarsi fuscous. Wings hyaline, crossed by two fuscous bands, one crossing the base of the discoidal cell, the other broader, from the radial cell across the apex of the cubital cell. Xervures black. Length 10 mm. cJ unknown. Hab. Mackay, Queensland (October and November). Auchenophorus ceneuSy sp. n. $ . Clypeus broad, rounded anteriorly, with a straight transverse carina before the anterior margin, which is depressed. Head and thorax opaque, very finely reticulate ; 272 Mr. R. E. Turner on tlie liead broadly emarginate posteriorly ; pronotum narrowed anteriorly, the posterior angles elevated, subtuberculate ; inesonotum short. A depressed transverse line, smooth and shining, at the base of the scutellum. Median segment sub- quadrate, flat above, obliquely truncate posteriorly, rugose above, the lateral margins raised, forming carinse ; a median Carina from the base, extending along both the dorsal surface and the surface of the truncation to the apex, a carina on each side converging from the base and meeting before the truncation, forming an equilateral triangle, the space included longitudinally striated ; the surface of the truncation trans- versely striated. Abdomen subpetiolate, sharply pointed at the apex; shining, the segments almost smooth at the base, finely punctured along the apical margins. Opaque black ; the median segment metallic blue-green ; the abdomen shining bronze-green ; the mandibles, the scape and two apical joints of the antennae, the mesopleurse, the sides of the median segment, the prosternum, the base of the first abdominal segment, and the legs ferruginous. The femora and coxae marked with green-bronze above. Wings hyaline, crossed by two fuscous bands, one crossing the base of the discoidal cell, the other broader and close to the apex. Length 8 mm. $ unknown. JIah. Mackay, Queensland (February). d-he joints of the maxillary palpi are much longer in this species than in coruscans ; the three apical joints are elongate as in the genus Aphelotoma, Westw. Auchenophorus falvicornisj sp, n. ^ . Head opaque, finely reticulate, the eyes converging towards the vertex, the ocelli placed between the eyes near their apex. Antennae as long as the head and thorax united, the scape short, the two apical joints stouter than the others. The three terminal joints of the maxillary palpi much elon- gated. Pronotum short, much depressed anteriorly, broadened posteriorly, the angles prominent but not spined. Meso- notum finely reticulate, opaque, not reaching the posterior margin of the tegulse. Median segment short, flat above, obliquely truncate posteriorly, the margins of the dorsal surface raised, forming an enclosed space, rounded at the apex and longitudinally striated within ; the surface of the truncation obliquely striated at the base, smooth at the apex. Abdomen subpetiolate, shining, the two basal segments smooth, the rest very finely and closely punctured. 273 new Spliegidse from Australia. Black ; the antennae and the first abdominal segment at tlie base testaceous; the prothorax, the mesopleurse, the sides of the median segment, and the legs ferruginous ; tlie median segment aboye obscure bt-on^e^ green, testaceous at the extreme apex ; the abdomen very dark bronze-green. Wings hyaline, nervures fuscous ; a broad fuscous band crossing the discoidal cell, and another, broadly interrupted in the middle, near the apex. Length 5 mm. $ unknown. Hah. Kuranda, near Cairns, Queensland (January). Genus Psen, Latr. Psen lutescenSj sp. n. $ . Clypeus broader at the apex than at the base, as long as broad, covered with silver pubescence; the eyes diverging towards the clypeus and towards the vertex. Head shining, the front delicately reticulate, with a fine median sulca from the anterior ocellus; a large tubercle between and below the ba,se of the antennae ; from the base of the tubercle on each side springs a carina, which skirts the base of the antennae below, but does not reach the eye. The vertex is broad, smooth, and polished ; the ocelli are large. Thorax shining, finely punctured, the pronotum linear, transverse, very broad ; the scutellum transverse, with a slightly depressed row of strong punctures at the base. Median segment con- vex, oblique, with a transverse depressed space at the base and a very deep median sulca from the base to the apex ; finely rugulose. Petiole long ; abdomen shining, very finely punctured. Yellow ; the abdomen and posterior legs luteous ; the head, a square spot on the middle of the mesonotum, the depressed line at the base of the scutellum, and a transverse mark on each side of the scutellum black ; the antennae fuscous ; the scape and mandibles yellow. Wings hyaline, iridescent. Tlie first recurrent nervure is interstitial with the first transverse cubital nervure, the second recurrent nervure is received by the third cubital cell near the base. Length 9 mm. S unknown. Hah. Mackay and Cairns, Queensland (November to February). Ann. (So Mag, N. Hist. Ser. 7. Vol. xix. 19 274 Mr. E. E. Turner on Genus POLEMISTUS, Sauss. Polemistus exul, sp. n. $ . Mandibles very broad at the apex, produced into a tooth at the outer angde, clypeus slightly produced at the apex, smooth. Head narrow, the eyes just touching the base o£ the mandibles, divergent towards the vertex. Front very long, concavely hollowed ; the scape of the antennse long, resting in the hollow, the flagellum short and stout. The ocelli placed on the vertex near the posterior margin. A row of large punctures surrounding the eyes, interrupted narrowly at the base of the mandibles ; a transverse, emargi- nate carina between the eyes above the concave front, a longitudinal carina running from the anterior ocellus to the transverse carina, and another short one on each side, separated from the eye by the row of punctures only. Pro- notum very short, transverse, showing only a row of large punctures, the anterior margin straight, with prominent angles. Mesonotum longer than broad, with a longitudinal, median double carina, the very narrow space enclosed by the caringe punctured ; on each side are two longitudinal carinae, each with a row of punctures on the outer side, and another short arched carina above the tegula. Scutellum broad, smooth, broadly truncate at the apex, with a punctured de- pression at the base divided by a very short longitudinal carina ; and a depressed transverse row of punctures at the apex. Median segment longer than broad, abruptly truncate at the apex, very coarsely rugose ; the surface of the trun- cation concave, divided by a flne median sulca, rugulose. Abdomen short, smooth, and shining ; the first segment vertically truncate anteriorly, with a short petiole ; the apical segment compressed, acute. The legs smooth, not spinose. Black ; the mandibles at the apex ferruginous ; the antennse, legs, and tegulse testaceous ; the vertex of the head, the thorax, and the median segment dark green-bronze. Wings hyaline, nervures testaceous. Length 5 mm. Hab. Mackay, Queensland (December to April) . Two species only of this genus have been described, both by Saussure, the localities being Madagascar and Mexico. Genus Paracrabro, nov. ? . Head very large and broad, half as wide again as the thorax ; the mandibles large, very strongly tridentate at the new Spliegldae //*c>m Australia, 275 apex. Cljpeus small, transverse, truncate anteriorly. The antennae far apart at the base, inserted low down, close to the base of the clypeus, the scape long, much more than half the length of .the flagellum, which is short. Front broad, concavely hollowed. Eyes entire, reaching the base of the mandibles, convergent towards the vertex; cheeks and vertex very broad ; the ocelli placed close together between the eyes, near their apex, far removed from the posterior margin of the head. Pronotum very short, almost perpendicularly depressed, narrower than the mesonotum ; scutellum trans- verse. Median segment with a broadly subtriangular enclosed space at the base, rounded and truncate posteriorly. Abdo- men petiolate, the petiole linear and rather short. Fore wing with two cubital cells ; the first quadrilateral, the width about two thirds of the length, receiving the recurrent nervure some distance before the apex ; the second less than half the length of the first, almost square. The radial cell is long and pointed, almost reaching the apex of the wing, not appendiculate. The medial cell of the hind wing is pro- duced at the apex, reaching downwards from the costa, the anal cell is long. Legs short, tibiae feebly spinose, the tarsi much longer than the tibiae. The neuration is similar to that of StigmuSj but the general form is very near Crahro. Type, P. Froggattij sp. n. Paracrahro Froggaiti, sp. n. ? . Head very large, quadrilateral, almost smooth, sub- opaque. Mesonotum sparsely and very minutely punctured, with a faintly impressed median line, and a faint longitudinal one on each side, not reaching the posterior margin. Median segment with a broad subtriangular space at the base enclosed by carinae, the enclosed space longitudinally rugose striate ; the segment behind the carinae oblique, rounded and striate, then abruptly truncate and rugose to tho apex. Abdomen smooth and shining. Black ; the mandibles, antennae, tegulae, and legs fulvo- ferruginous. Wings hyaline, tinged wdth yellow; nervures testaceous at the base, fuscous at the apex. Length 7 mm. Hah. Victoria. Genus Sericophorus, Sm. SericopJiorus dipteroides, sp. n. ? . Clypeus broad, finely punctured, depressed transversely 276 On new SpliegldaB from Australia. before the apex, the apical margin subtruncate. Head broad, very delicately reticulate, eyes convergent towards the vertex ; antennai very short, the apical joints thickened. Pronotum very short, depressed below the mesonotum, which is broad, opaque, and very delicately reticulate. Median segment short, oblique, vertically truncate posteriorly, a transverse depressed row of coarse punctures at the base, from which a similar longitudinal row runs down the middle of the segment, the rest of the segment smooth. Abdomen almost smooth, triangular, the first segment vertically trun- cate anteriorly, the surface of the truncation concave. Castaneous; the head black; the antennae and clypeus castaneous ; the mandibles dark ferruginous, black at the apex ; the second to the fifth abdominal segments blackish brown, the apical margin of the segments testaceous. Wings hyaline, nervures fuscous. Length 7 mm. ; expanse of wings 13 mm. Hab. Cairns, Queensland (April) . Nearest to S. hicolor^ Sm., from the Swan Liver. SericopJiorus funehris^ sp. n. $ . Clypeus broad, much elevated in the centre, projecting at the apex almost at right angles. Head opaque, almost smooth, the front above the clypeus depressed concavely, clothed with silver pubescence ; a very short, longitudinal, median carina above the base of the antennae. Pronotum short, strongly depressed ; mesonotum large, very delicately reticulate. Median segment almost smooth, narrowed from the base, truncate posteriorly, with a median carina from the base continued on the surface of the truncation to the apex, a small tubercle on each side of the carina just above the truncation, the lateral margins of the segment raised at the base, forming short carinse ; the sides of the segment obliquely striate. Abdomen shining, very delicately punc- tured, the apical margin of the segments smooth ; the first segment is not truncate, and is narrower at the base and longer than in the allied species. Black ; the mandibles yellow, an interrupted line on the pronotum and the tegulse pale yellow ; the tibia3, tarsi, and the apex of the femora testaceous. Wings hyaline, nervures testaceous. Length 6 mm. ; expanse of wings 9 mm. Hab. Mackay, Queensland (November). THE ANNALS AND MAGAZINE OF NATURAL HISTORY. [SEVENTH SERIES.] No. 112. APRIL 1907. XXXIN.—Rhynchotal Notes,--XlA, By W. L. DISTANT. Fam. FtilgoridaB (continued from vol. xviii. p. 356). Subfam. CixiiNJs. Genus Mundopa. Mundopa, Dist. Faun. B. I., Rhynch. iii. p. 263 (1906). Type, M. cingalensis^ DIst. Mundopa pollens, Cixius pallens, Walk. Journ. Linn. Soc., Zool. i. p. 149 (1857). Hob. Borneo. Bajauana, gen. nov. Head somewhat broad, the vertex widened anteriorly, its lateral margins strongly ridged, the anterior and posterior margins less strongly so, base angularly emarginate; face moderately broad and angularly marginally ampliate beyond middle, anterior margin truncate, surface flat, lateral margins strongly ridged, with a central longitudinal ridge which is continued through clypeus, containing a very indistinct ocellus a little before clypeus; pronotum exceedingly short ; mesonotum v^ry long, almost twice as long as vertex and Ann, (k Mag, N, Hist, Ser. 7. Vol, xix. 20 278 I\Tr. W. L. Distant on iromoptera. pronotum together, trlcarinate, the interspaces between tlie carinations forming somewhat raised flat processes, the bases of wliich are angularly narrowed ; legs moderately short and robust; tarsi robust, first joint longest ; tegmina widened or ampliated towards apex, costal margin moderately sinuate from base to stigma, before the latter it is distinctly notched, stigma elongate, a series of irregularly placed transverse veins near apex defining a series of longitudinal apical areas ; claval vein extending to a little beyond middle of claval margin. Type, B. rufula^ Walk. (^Brixia). Bajauana rnfula. Brlvia rufula, Walk. Journ. Linn. Soc., Zool. x. p. lOG (1837). JIah. New Guinea. Bajauana tenehrosa. Brixia tenehrosa^ Walk. Journ. Linn. Soc., Zool. x. p. 103 (1867). llah. Ceram. Bajauana palUcepff. Brixia palliceps, Walk. Journ. JJnn. Soc., Zool. x. p. 106 (1867). llah. My sol. Bajauana marginafa. Brixia marginata, Walk. Journ. Linn. Soc., Zool. x. p. 107 (1867). Hah. New Guinea. Bajauana varia. Brixia varia, Walk. Journ. Linn. Soc., Zool. x. p. 108 (1867). JIah. Sula. Bajauana variegata. Brixia variegata, Walk. Journ. Linn. Soc., Zool. x. p. 108 (1867). Hah. Sula. Bajauana hicolor. Brixia hicolor, Walk. Journ. Linn. Soc., Zool. x. p. 100 (1867). Ilab. New Guinea. Bajauana puncticosta. Brixia puncticosta. Walk. Journ. Linn. Soc., Zool. x. p. 109 (1867). Hah. My sol, Morty. 279 ^fr. W. L. Distant on Ilonioptera. Bajauana tr aliens. Cixius trdhemy Walk. Journ. Linn. Soc., Zool. i. p. 149 (1857). Hah. Borneo. Genus Brixia. Biixia, StSl, Ofv. Vet.-Ak. Fork. 1856, p. 162. Type, B. natalicola, Stal. Brixia migratoria, sp. n. Head, pronotum, and abdomen above brownish ocliraceous ; lateral angles of pronotum and mesoiiotum ocliraceous ; abdomen beneath, sternum, and legs stramineous ; abdomen above more or less cretaceously tomentose ; tegmina very pale brownish ocliraceous, the veins thickly minutely spotted with fuscous, three transverse spots on costal area, the central one connected with a broad transverse discal fascia, a spot near apex of costal margin, a spot on inner margin beyond end of clavus, and an oblique streak at base chocolate- brown ; wings pale iridescent creamy white ; face extending considerably in front of and above eyes, the margins strongly ridged, centrally carinate. Long., excl. tegm., mm.; exp. tegm. 10 mm. Hah. Queensland {F. P. Dodd, Brit. Mus.). This appears to be the first described Australian species of this Oriental, Malayan, and Ethiopian genus. Brixia has already been traced to New Guinea. Hamba, gen. nov. Head with the vertex narrow, longer than broad, with two longitudinal carinations and the lateral margins also strongly raised ; face elongately subtriangular, the anterior margin convex, widened towards clypeus, with the lateral margins strongly ampliate and moderately recurved, very strongly centrally longitudinally carinate ; clypeus triangular, cen- trally carinate ; pronotum small, centrally tricarinate ; meso- notum tricarinate ; tegmina elongate, narrow, more than twice longer than broad, costal margin moderately convex, apical margin rounded, inwardly obliquely widened from apex of claval area; veins longitudinal, some discal transverse veins a little beyond middle, and a series of continuous trans- verse subapical veins defining a series of short apical areas ; wings a little wider than tegmina ; legs moderately short and robust, basal joint of tarsi very long. Type, H. perjplexa, Walk. 20* 280 Mr. W. L. Distant on ITomoptera. Hamha perplexa. Civius perplexus, Walk. Journ. Linn. Soc., Zool. i. p. 147 (1857). Hah, Borneo. Hamha inclinata. Cixius inclinatus, Walk. Journ. Linn. Soc., Zool. i. p. 147 (1875). Hah. Borneo. Taloka, gen. nov. Head with the vertex broad, a little longer than broad, mode- rately ampllated anteriorly, tricarinate, the lateral carinations curved inwardly anteriorly and from each side of which there emerges a strong oblique caririation in front of eyes ; face very large, clypeus very small, the first tricarinate, the lateral carinations oblique and terminating considerably before clypeus, a prominent transverse rugosity on each side of central carination at region of eyes, and the appearance of an obsolete ocellus on each side of the same before clypeus ; pronotum considerably shorter than head and centrally tri- carinate ; mesonotum indistinctly seen owing to insertion of pin in the unique typical specimen, but apparently strongly tricarinate ; tegmina moderately broad, with two series of transverse veins and with a distinct ovate cell beyond claval area ; legs moderately short and robust. Type, T. opaca^ Walk. Taloka opaca. Brixia opaca, Walk. Journ. Linn. Soc., Zool. x. p. Ill (1867). Hob. New Guinea. Genus Oliarus. Oliarus, StSl, Berl. ent. Zeitschr. vi. p. 306 (1862). Type, 0. Walkeri^ Stal. Oliarus maculifrons. Cixius maculifrons, Walk. List Horn. ii. p. 343 (1851). Hah. Sierra Leone. OUnriis vicarius. Cixius vicarius, Walk. List Horn. ii. p. 343 (1851). Hah. Florida. 281 Mr. W. L. Distant on Iloinoptera. Oliarus testaceus. Cixius testaceus, Walk. List Horn. ii. p. 344 (1851). Hab. ? Oliarus simplex. Cixius simplex, Walk. Journ. Linn. Soc., Zool. i. p. 147 (1857). Hab. Borneo. Oliarus reductus, Cixius reductus, Walk. Journ. Linn. Soc., Zool. x. p. 105 (1867). Hab. Mjsol. Oliarus intertectus, Brixia intertectus, Walk. Journ. Linn. Soc., Zool. x. p. 114 (1867). Hab. New Guinea. Oliarus privatus. Brixia privata, Walk. MS. Hab. Mysol. The unique typical specimen is without head, and therefore description at present is unwarranted. Oliarus Melichari, nom. nov. Oliarus frontalis, Melich. Wien. ent. Zeit. xxiv. p. 282 (1905) : nom. praeocc. Melich. (1904). Hab. E. Africa. Oliarus funebris. Cixius funehris. Walk. Ins. Saund., Horn. p. 41 (1858). Hab. Natal. Oliarus modicus. Cixius modicus. Walk. Journ. Linn. Soc., Zool. i. p. 148 (1857). Hab. Borneo. Oliarus latifrons. Cixius latifrons. Walk. List Horn. ii. p. 844 (1861). Hab. ? Oliarus fulvus. Cixius fulvus. Walk. List Horn., Suppl. p. 77 (1853). Hah. Santarera. 282 ^Ir. W. L. Distant on Homoptera. Oliarus efferatus, Cixius ejferatus, Walk. Journ. Linn. Soc., Zool. i. p. 87 (18.56). IJah. Singapore. Oliarus subpunctatus, JBrixia subpimctata, Walk. Joum. Linn. Soc., Zool. x. p. 112 (1867). Hab. Flores. Oliarus dingkana^ sp. n. Head and pronotum black ; vertical ridges to head, mar- gins of pronotum, and carinae to mesonotum pale testaceous ; face and cljpeus black, margins and a central carination traversing both, pale testaceous ; body beneath imperfectly seen in carded specimens now before me ; legs pale testaceous, femora more or less testaceous with their apices ochraceous ; tegmina hyaline, the venation and stigma piceous, interior margins to about end of clavus piceous ; vertex slightly nar- rowed anteriorly, the margins strongly ridged ; face with the base truncate, obliquely ampliated towards clypeus, before which it is a little convex, the central carination is a little bifurcate at base, enclosing a small black sulcus ; pronotum short, angularly narrowed to between base of eyes ; meso- notum with five carinations, the two outermost strongly bent beyond middle ; tibiae deeply longitudinally grooved, posterior tibiae without spines. In some specimens the outer mesonotal carinations are black, and the interior margin of the tegmina only piceous at apical half of clavus. Long., inch tegm., 7 mm. Hab. Queensland ; Peak Downs (Colls. DIst. and Biit. Mus.). Oliarus lubrOy sp. n. Allied to the prectding species, but larger ; lateral margins of face from beyond middle and just extending to base of clypeus ochraceous; mesonotum much broader, with the lateral angles pale testaceous ; tegmina broader and the transverse veins on a})ical area more pronouncedly piceous. Long., inch tegm., 8 mm. Hab. Queensland ; Peak Downs (Colls. Dist. and Brit. Mus.). I have placed cotypes of this and the preceding species in the National Collection. Mr. W. L. Distant on Hoiiioptera. 283 Genus Mnemosyne. Mnemosyne, StSl, Hem. A.t‘r. iv. p. 1-50 (1866). Type, xl/. plahicpps^ Fabr. Mnemosyne planiceps. Flata planiceps, Fabr. Syst. Rhyng. p. 48 (180-3). Civius columbue, Walk. List Horn. ii. p. 339 (1851). Hab. Central America ; Cuba. Mnemosyne Dohertyi^ sp. n. Head, pronotum, and mesonotum castaiieous ; abdomen above piceous; face, sternum, and legs ferruginous brown ; abdomen beneath dark castaneous, the segmental margins ochraceous ; tegmina subhyaline, trie- like, sprinkled with minute ferruginous setigerous spots or granules, veins pale castaneous, stigma, upper apical margin, a sinuate streak from end of radial area bifurcating to middle of apical margin and outer angle of interior margin, claval area and inner margin ferruginous brown, outer half of stigma piceous ; wings very pale fuliginous, the veins and extreme base piceous, apical maigin narrowly ferruginous brown ; vertex a little narrowing anteriorly, lateral margins ridged and with a more obscure central carination ; face centrally ridged, posteriorly angularly emarginate ; clypeus elongate, globose, finely centrally ridged ; pronotum very finely punctate, with a central longitudinal ridge; mesonotum with five longitudinal tarinations, those on each side of the central carination more discal and obscure ; tegmina elongate, apices angularly rounded ; anterior legs thickened. Long., excl. tegm., 10^ mm.; exp. tegm. 24 mm. Hab. South-east Borneo {Doherty). Allied to M. phiiippina^ Stal. Mnemosyne cameranensis, sp. n. Head, pronotum, and mesonotum castaneous, extreme apex of mesonotum and abdomen above testaceous, the segmental margins ochraceous, anal appendage piceous ; face, clypeus, sternum, and legs brownish testaceous ; abdomen beneath piceous, the segmental margins pale ochraceous ; tegmina subhyaline, talc-like, the veins ferruginous brown, a series of similarly coloured spots round the apical margin, of which the two lowermost near apex of inner margin are largest, 284 Mr. W. L. Distant on Homoptera. stigma pale ocliraceous, with its outer half ferruginous brown ; wings very slightly fuliginous, the veins fuscous, apical margin ferruginous brown ; vertex slightly narrowed ante- riorly, the margins ridged, centrally somewhat obscurely longitudinally carinate; face and clypeus with a continuous central fine carination, face anteriorly convexly narrowed, posteriorly strongly angularly emarginate ; pronotum short, centrally carinate ; mesonotum with five carinations, the one on each side of the central carination more discal and obscure ; tegmina with the apex rounded, the stigma moderately small and narrow; anterior legs not prominently incrassated. Long., excl. tegm., 1\ mm. ; exp. tegm. 17 mm. Hob, Cameroons {Escahra, Brit. Mus.). Genus Bodecia. Bodecia, Walk. Journ. Linn. Soc., Zool. x. p. 117 (1867). Type, B. varipesy Walk. The unique type of this genus is in a most mutilated condition, and its proper location is a question of doubt and difficulty. The structure of the tegmina apparently allies it to Mnemosyne^ near which I have (awaiting better and further material) placed it. Genus Cixius. Cixius, Latr. Hist. Nat. Ins. xii. p. 310 (1830-4). Type, C. nervosus, Linn. Cixius per sicus^ nom. nov. Cixius longipennis, Melich. Annuaire Mus. St. P^tersb. vii. p. 86 (1902) : nom. preeocc. Walk. (1851). Cixius merula^ sp. n. Vertex of head and pronotum ochraceous, disk of vertex more or less piceous ; face black, basal margin and lateral and central ridges ochraceous; mesonotum entirely jet-black ; tegmina subhyaline with a very pale ochraceous tint, thickly and minutely speckled or spotted with fuscous ; body beneath and legs ochraceous, lateral areas of sternum, clypeus, and basal .and lateral margins of abdomen black; vertex some- what broad, narrowed anteriorly, margins very strongly ridged and with a more or less obsolete central ridge ; 285 Mr. W. L. Distant on Homoptera. face narrowed anteriorlj, moderately roundly ampliated to- wards clypeiis, central and lateral ridges very pronounced ; mesonotum with the disk a little depressed, tricarinate ; the central carination weakest ; sternal segmental margins ridged. Long., inch tegm., to 4^ mm. Hah. Queensland ; Peak Downs (Colls. Dist. and Brit. Mus.). Somewhat allied in general appearance to the Palsearctic C. simplex, Herr.-Sch. Genus Benna. Benna, Walk. Journ. Linn. Soc., Zool. i. p. 90 (1856). Type, B. capitulata, Walk. Benna guttata. Brixia guttata^ Walk. Journ. Linn. Soc., Zool. x, p. 110 (1867). ditiasa, Walk. MS. Hah, New Guinea, Sula. Species in too mutilated a condition for Generic Determination, and some prohahly not even belonging to this Subfamily. nanula. Brixia nanula^ Walk. Journ. Linn. Soc., Zool. x. p. 112 (1867). Hah. New Guinea. concinnula. Brixia concinnula, Walk. Journ. Linn. Soc., Zool. x. p. 110 (1867). Hah, Sula. ruhiginosa, MS. ? despectus. Cixius despectus, Walk. Journ. Linn. Soc., Zool. i. p. 148 (1857). Hah. Borneo. — vilis. Cixius vilis, Walk. Journ. Linn. Soc., Zool. i. p. 148 (1857). Hah. Borneo. 286 j\Ir. W. L. Distant on Moino{>tera. e quits. Ci.rfus equKS, ^^'alk. Journ. Liun. Soc., Zool. i. p. 147 (1857). Ilah. Borneo. Jiffinis. Civius diffinis, Walk. Journ. Linn. Soc., Zool. i. p. 146 (1857). linh. Borneo. congrua. Brixia congrua^ Walk. Journ. Liun. Soc., Zool. x. p. 110 (1867). Ilah. Mysol. terminalis, Brixia terminalis, Walk. Journ. Linn. Soc., Zool. x. p. Ill (1867). Ilab. New Guinea. muriitus. Cixius munitus, Walk. Journ. Linn. Soc., Zool. i. p. 149 (1857). Uab. Borneo. • suhlucida. Brixia sublucida, Walk. Journ. Linn. See., Zool. x. p. 1C7 (1867). Hab. New Guinea. insuetus, Cixius insuetus, Walk. Journ. Linn. Soc,, Zool. i. p. 150 (1867). Uab. Borneo. deductus. Cixius deductus, Walk. Journ. Linn. Soc., Zool. i. p. 149 (1867) JJab. Borneo. atratula. Brixia aU alula, ^^■alk. Journ. l.inn. Soc., Zool. x. p. 107 (1867). Uab. IMoity, 287 ]\Ir. AV. L. Distant on ITomopfera. Subfam. Tropiducrinje. Genus Ficakasa. Ftcarasa, "Walk. Journ. Linn. Soc., Zool. i, p. 162 (1857) Type, F, pallida j W alk. Ftcarasa straminea^ sp. n. Body and legs dark stramineous ; tegmina pale strami- neous ; wings pale hyaline ; vertex more than twice as broad as long, marginally and centrally carinate, anteriorly convex, laterally straight, posteriorly strongly angularly emarginate ; f)ronotum about as long as vertex, centrally and laterally carinate, strongly subconically produced between eyes, pos- terior margin angularly emarginate ; mesonotum longer than vertex and pionotum together, ti icarinate, the lateral carinations obliquely incurved anteriorly and joining the central carination a little befoie base of pronotum ; face broad, but longer than broad, the lateral margins curved outwardly at about two thirds from base and then obliquely narrowed to clypeus, anterior and lateral margins strongly caiinate, the disk ti icarinate, an oblique carination on each side of the central one, commencing a little before clypeus and terminating near anterior angles; tegmina with the costal area strongly transversely veined, apical area divided by two transverse series of transverse veins, many of the outer series bifurcate. Long., excl. tegm., 9 mm. ; exp. tegm. 27 mm. Hah. Malay Aichipelago ; Ilalmaheira {W, Doherty). Ftcarasa australasice^ sp. n. Pale ochraceous, in fresh specimens probably pale virescent ; vertex broader than long, anterior and lateral margins ridged, centrally longitudinally carinate ; face broadly elongate, a little ampliate towards clypeus, anterior and lateral margins ridged, centrally longitudinally carinate ; clypeus centrally ridged, not much more than half the length of face ; pronotum angularly produced between the eyes, tricarinate ; mesonotum tricarinate ; tegmina with the costal area obliquely transversely veined, two series of transverse veins beyond middle enclosing a space much narrower than that between it and the apical margin ; posterior tibiae with three spines. Long., excl. tegm., mm. ; exp. tegm. 21^ to 23 mm. llab. Queensland; Kuranda [F. P. Dodd^ Brit. Mus.). 288 Mr. W. L. Distant on llomoptera. Magia, gen. nov. Vertex wide, a little longer than broad, flat, lateral mar- gins straight, anterior and lateral margins ridged, centrally longitudinally carinate ; face with the lateral margins a little concave, prominently angularly ampliate on each side of posterior margin, tricarinate, the lateral carinations curved and anteriorly joining the central carination, clypeus centrally ridged ; pronotum a little shorter than vertex, not produced beyond base of head, tricarinate ; mesonotum about as long as pronotum and vertex together, tricarinate, the lateral carinations posteriorly outwardly directed; abdomen equal in length to space between anterior margin of vertex and posterior angle of mesonotum ; posterior tibiae with two spines ; tegmina somewhat long and narrow, anterior claval area with three transverse veins, apical area with numerous transverse veins, some of which form a continuous apical submarginal series ; wings narrow, two series of transverse veins beyond middle. Type, M. subocellata, Dist. Magia suhocellataj sp. n. Body and legs pale ochraceous ; two spots at anterior margin of face, two small spots at base of anterior coxae, a spot on each lateral margin of mesosternum, lateral and posterior margins, lateral carina3, two spots between them, and two very small spots near each lateral angle of pronotum, lateral margins, carinae, two spots near each side of anterior margin, and two very small spots near base of mesonotum, posterior margins and angles of abdominal segments above, and the tarsal claws, black; carinations to face testaceous ; tegmina subhyaline, very slightly pale fuliginous, the venation fuscous, stigma ochraceous, a lower subapical black spot with a white pupil at its upper margin ; wings sub- hyaline, the venation fuscous. Long., excl. tegm., 8 mm.; exp. tegm. 21 mm. Hab. Queensland, Kuranda {F. P, Dodd^ Brit. Mus.). Genus Paricana. Paricana, Walk. Journ. Linn. Soc., Zool. i. p. 158 (1857). Type, P. dilatipennisj Walk. Paricana curvifera. eurvifera^ Walk. MS. Vertex, mesonotum, abdomen above, body beneath and 289 Mr. W. L. Distant on Homoptera. legs ochraceous ; pronotum, base and apical area of abdomen above, and a central fascia to face and scutellum testaceous red ; posterior angle to mesoiiotum black ; legs ochraceous, the tarsi and posterior femora piceous ; tegmina hyaline, the veins ochraceous, margins, the stigma and a curved fascia connecting it with inner margin ferruginous brown ; vertex very narrow ; face smooth and shining, the central reddish area a little raised and grooved on each side ; pronotum and mesonotum tricarinate, the latter with the lateral carinations curved and anteriorly joining the central carination ; posterior tibiae with two spines. Long., inch tegm., 8 mm. Hah. Aru {Wallace^ Brit. Mus.). This species was standing under the genus Gixius in the British Museum and labelled curviferay Walk., but 1 cannot trace any published description. Subfam. Achilin^. Genus Faventia. Faventia, Stal, Hem. Afr. iv. p. 181 (1866). Type, F, pustulataj Walk. Faventia guttifer. Cixius guttifer^ Walk. Journ. Linn. Soc., Zool. i. p. 146 (1857). Hah. Borneo. Mahuna, gen. nov. Vertex of head about as long as broad, a little pointed in front, lateral margins oblique and carinate, centrally more obscurely carinate, basal margin broadly subconcave ; face much narrower anteriorly than before clypeus, strongly centrally ridged, lateral margins moderately ridged, roundly ampliated before clypeus, which is only about half its length and centrally and laterally carinate ; pronotum narrow and centrally carinate ; mesonotum elongate, about twice as long as head and vertex together, tricarinate; abdomen broad and flattened; legs simple; tegmina somewhat long and narrow, apical margin rounded, claval margin subangularly dilated near base and then narrowed to claval apex, thence obliquely widened to apex, claval vein apically curved down- ward and terminating at about one third before apex, a few transverse veins near apex of costal margin ; wings con- siderably broader than tegmina. Type, M. co7ispersa, Dist. 290 Mr. AV. L. Distant on Ilomoptera. ]\[ahuna conspersa, sp. n. Dody ocliraceons or greenish ocliraceous; legs paler, atiterior and intermediate tibiae darkly annulated ; tegmina creamy white, opaque, sprinkled with fuscous, more pro- minently spotted on costal and apical margins, two small piceous spots on claval margin, one near middle, the other at apex; wings very pale fuliginous. Long., excl. tegm., 5^ mm. ; exp. tegm. 15 mni. Hah. Queensland [F. I\ Dodd^ Brit. Mus.). Tudea, gen. nov. Head with the vertex about as broad as long, the lateral margins veiy strongly ridged, centrally obscurely carinate, the base subconcavely emarginate, face concave, anterior margin truncate, lateral margins convexly rounded, centrally obscurely carinate, about twice as long as clypeus, which is obscurely centrally carinate and has its lateral margin ridged ; rostrum reaching the intermediate coxae ; pronotum a little longer than vertex, anteriorly produced between eyes, tricarinate, the lateral carinations almost meeting in front of the central carination ; mesonotum almost twdce as long as pronotum and vertex together, obscurely tricarinate; abdo- men above centrally ridged and obliquely deflected on each lateral area ; legs simple, posterior tibiae with a short sub- central spine, posterior tarsi wdth the basal joint a little longer than the other two joints together ; tegmina moderately broad and short, apex truncately rounded, interior margin of clavus angularly dilated and then obliquely narrowed to claval apex, thence obliquely widened to apical margin, radial area very broad, a few transverse veins near apex of costal margin, veins on apical area longitudinal, almost entirely wdthout transverse veins, claval vein terminating at about one third before apex ; wings broader than tegmina, more densely longitudinally veined at apical angle. Type, T. picturataj Dist. Tudea piciurata.^ sp. n. Head and pronotum ocliraceous ; eyes, central base of pro- notum, and the mesonotum chocolate-brown ; abdomen above and beneath virescent, the base greyish white ; face, sternum, and legs greyish white, anterior area of face and lateral margins of prosternum pale ocliraceous ; tegmina stramineous, upper half sprinkled with dark spots, a large spot on dilated 291 Mr. W. L. Distant on Ilomoptera. basal claval area, and a subapical marginal fascia broadly bifurcating on interior margin, pale purplish brown, this fascia is broken near upper apical angle ; wings creamy while, hyaline. Long., excl. t'egm., mm.; exp. tegm. 19-20 mrn. Ilab. Queensland (F. P. Dodd^ JLut. Mus.). Booneta, gen. nov. Booneta, ^IS., Brit, Mas. Head much shorter than pronotum, vertex shorter than broad, the margins ridged, centrally carinate, the anterior angles appearing prominent from above ; face long, con- vex ly deflected, rather more than twice as long as clypeus, nearly equally broad throughout, the lateral margins straight, both face and clypeus strongly centrally and marginally carinate; rostrum not passing the posterior coxag, the apical joint elongate ; posterior tibiae unarmed ; pronotum about as long as vertex, centrally tricarinate, the lateral carinations curved and joining the central one at anterior margin ; rneso- notum about as long as pronotum and vertex together, tri- carinate, the lateral carinations sinuate; tegmina short and broad, apical margin obliquely truncate, inner margin obliquely arnpliate from end of clavus, costal area broad, veins longitudinal, a transverse subapical line formed by transverse veins, and three transverse veins on disk; wings a little narrower than tegmina. Type, B. ferruginea^ Walk. Booneta ferruginea. Cixius ferrtigineus, Walk. Journ. Linn. Soc., Zool. x. p. 104 (1867). Oixius caliginosus, Walk, loc, cit. p. 105. Ilah. New Guinea, Mysol. Booneta lurida. Cixius Iw’idus, Walk. Journ. Linn. Soc., Zool. x. p. 104 (1867). Hah. Mysol. OuwEA, gen. nov. Head much narrower than pronotum, vertex short, very much broader than long, its anterior lateral angles prominent ; face about twice as long as clypeus, somewhat flat, with the lateral margins strongly laminately reflexed, narrowing towards clypeus, its posterior margin sinuated for the recep- tion of the clypeus, centrally longitudinally carinate ; clypeus 292 J\Ir. W. L. Distant on Homoptera. strongly centrally keeled, its lateral margins lammately carinately reflexed ; rostrum with the apical joint elongate; pronotum a little shorter than vertex, centrally carinate ; rnesonotum about twice as long as pronotum and vertex together, its disk moderately flatly raised, distinctly deflected before pronotum, obscurely tricarinate ; abdomen broad, con- siderably longer than space between apex of head and posterior angle of rnesonotum ; legs simple, posterior tibise with one spine, basal joint of posterior tarsi elongate ; tegmina with the apical margin obliquely rounded, obliquely broadened from apex of clavus, apical third of costal area obliquely transversely veined, lower discoidal area very strongly sinuated, a subapical sinuate transverse line consisting of transverse veins, defining a series of longitudinal apical areas; wings broader than tegmina. Type, 0, Doddi^ Dist. Ouwea Doddiy sp. n. Body brownish ochraceous, paler beneath than above ; rnesonotum with three longitudinal ochraceous lines above the obscure carinations, its lateral and apical margins ochra- ceous ; first and second abdominal segments above more or less ochraceous; face and sternum mottled with ochraceous and castaneous ; legs very pale ochraceous, femora obsoletely annulated with brownish ; tegmina bronzy ochraceous, beyond middle becoming darker between the veins, three large spots in costal area, a large sublunulate apical spot, some spots near posterior angle of inner margin, two spots in claval area, and a discal spot, greyish white ; wings fuliginous brown, the basal area very much paler and subhyaline. Long., excl. tegm., c? 7, ? 8 mm. ; exp. tegm., ^ 20- 21, ? 25 mm. Hah, Queensland ; Kuranda [F. P. Dodd, Brit. Mus.). Genus Rhotala. Rhotala, Walk. Journ Linn. Soc., Zool. i. p. 152 (1857). Errada, Walk. loc. cit. x. p. 116 (1867). Type, R. delineata. Walk. Head moderately conically produced in front of eyes, centrally and laterally ridged, between the ridges the surface foveate, face a little longer (not twice as long) than clypeus, subconical, beyond middle rather abruptly convexly widened to base of clypeus, both moderately longitudinally carinate, Mr. W. L. Distant on Ilomoptera. 293 lateral margins of clypeus distinctly carinate; antennae robust, longly produced, inserted a little beneath eyes, apical joint longest and stoutest ; pronotum somewhat long and tricarinate, the carinated area convexly produced between the eyes, the posterior margin angularly sinuate, lateral margins oblique ; mesonotum about as long as pronotum, tricarinate, the lateral carinations inwardly obliquely bent behind middle and joining the central carination at base; femora slightly dilated, beneath strongly centrally carinate ; posterior tibiae with five spines, the first near base, the fifth and largest at about one fourth from apex ; tegmina narrow, the costal margin slightly undulate and convex, apical margin rounded, claval area inwardly angularly widened and subobliquely narrowed to apex, beyond claval apex again slightly widened, costal area obliquely transversely veined from about middle, radial area obliquely transversely veined, apical area longitudinally veined and containing a few obscure transverse veins, at the base of apical area and from beneath radial area an irregular dividing-line formed of transverse veins, claval vein not reaching apex of claval area ; wings about twice as broad as tegmina, and containing an irregular series of subapical transverse veins. In his description of this genus Walker makes no mention of the five spines to the posterior tibiae, and in his figure of the typical species only four are delineated. Fowler (Biol. Centr.-Amer., Bhynch. Horn. ii. p. 137) places the genus as of uncertain position, and writes it most probably must be placed with the Cixiinae. He. however, also states that the genus in some respects is closely allied to Helicoptera. In this latter view I agree, and consider its position is with the Achilinae. Ehotala delineata. Wiotala delineata, Walk. Journ. Linn. Soc., Zool. i. p. 152, t. vii. fig. 6 (1857). Vertex of head and pronotum ferruginous ; mesonotum and face piceous, the latter with the lateral margins flecked with greyish ; body beneath piceous ; abdomen above pale testa- ceous, basal segment and anal appendage castaneous brown ; legs pale castaneous brown with ochraceous annulations; tegmina pale greyish brown, the veins so far as commence- ment of apical area spotted with castaneous, four somewhat large castaneous spots in costal area and two on disk, the dividing-veins at base of apical area suffused with dark castaneous, apical area paler and more unicolorous, with Ann, dc Mag, N, Hist, Ser, 7. Vol, xix. 21 294 Mr. W. L. Distant on Homoptera. some greyish suffusions ; wings fuliginous, with the veins fuscous ; face very finely and thickly granulose, somewhat foveate, centrally longitudinally carinate, margin broadly ridged ; carinations to vertex, pro- and mesonota strongly pronounced. Long., excl. tegm., 10 mm. ; exp. tegm. 24 mm. Hah. Borneo ( Wallace, Brit. Mus.). RTiotala philippinensisj sp. n. Vertex of head and pronotum ochraceous, the carinations a little paler in liue, lateral areas of the pronotum piceous; mesonotum ochraceous, the disk between the central carina- tions piceous, and an anterior marginal piceous spot on each side of the outer carinations, posterior angle ochraceous ; face and clypeus piceous, anterior angle or base of first ochraceous ; body beneath more or less piceous ; legs ochraceous ; tegmina ochraceous, the veins finely spotted with piceous, some larger and somewhat obscure, irregularly shaped piceous spots on disk and costal area, two distinct cretaceous white spots on disk beyond middle, the outermost just touching the inner margin of apical area, which is paler in hue and unspotted ; wings pale fuliginous, a little darker at apex ; vertex of head foveate above and at sides, the lateral margins distinctly raised above the level of the pronotum, the latter with its anterior margin conically produced to the latitude of the anterior margins of the eyes ; posterior tibiae with five spines, the two nearer base smaller and placed closer together ; apical margin of tegmina obliquely rounded. Long, (abdomen mutilated) ; exp. tegm. 21 mm. Hah, Philippines {Whitehead, Brit. Mus.). Talaloa, gen. nov. Head narrower than the pronotum, vertex obliquely narrowing to apex, its lateral margins strongly ridged, and appearing as angularly prominent at apex ; face long and narrow, but not longer than clypeus, elongately subtriangular, broadening to clypeus, centrally and laterally ridged ; clypeus long, slender, narrowing to apex, centrally and laterally ridged ; rostrum long, its apical joint elongate ; antennse robust, longly prominent, second joint nearly twice the length of first ; pronotum shorter than vertex, centrally carinate ; mesonotum longer than pronotum and vertex together, tri- carinate; legs simple, posterior tibiae unarmed, basal joint of posterior tarsi elongate; tegmina and wings subhyaline, the first broadly rounded at apex, inner margin moderately 295 On a Freshwater Crustacean from Para, obliquely ampliated from end of clavus, which is angularly posteriorly dilated near base, a curved line formed by trans- verse veins crossing tegmen at about one fourth from apex enclosing a series of narrow longitudinal apical areas ; this is preceded by three transverse veins enclosing four discoidal areas ; wings a little broader than tegmina, three oblique transverse veins on disk, apical veins mostly forked. Allied to Rhotala^ Walk., by the robust and longly pro- duced antennse; the tegmina give the appearance of a Tropiduchid, but the lateral carinate margins to the clypeus induce its being regarded as an Achilid. Type, T. pallescens^ Dist. Talaloa pallescens, sp. n. Body above and antennae castaneous brown ; body beneath and legs pale ochraceous ; abdomen beneath pale brownish, with the posterior segmental margin and a central discal line pale ochraceous ; posterior tarsi annulated with pale brownish ; tegmina and wings pale subhyaline, the venation fuscous ; tegmina slightly fuliginous, the stigma fuscous, traversed at base by a creamy-white line which is widened posteriorly. Long., excl. tegm., 4J-6 mm. ; exp. tegm. 14-16 mm. Hab, Queensland; Kuranda [F,P. Dodd^ Brit. Mus,). Genus ? Eurial globulifera^ Walk, Ins. Saund., Horn. p. 108 (1858). HaF ? This species does not belong to the Tropiduchid genus Euria,— Tropiduchus^ Stal, but is an Achilid. As it is an unlocalized species, 1 refrain from describing the genus. XXXV, — On a Freshwater Decapod Crustacean collected by W, J. Burchell at Pard in 1829. By W. T. Calman, l3.Sc., British Museum (Natural History). Amonc^ a few dried Crustacea belonging to the Burchell collection submitted to me for determination by Prof. Poulton is a small shrimp-like animal, little more than half an inch in length, labelled in Burchell‘’s handwriting From the well, 4.9.29.'’^ Prof. Poulton informs me that, at the date indicated 21* 296 Dr. W. T. Caiman on a (Sept. 4, 1829), Burcliell was living in Par4*. The fragile and shrivelled specimen had been laid aside as indeterminable wlien my attention was, by chance, directed to Mr. E. J. Miers^s description and figures of a form which he assigned to a new genus of Pala3monida3 under the name Earyrhynchus Wrzesmowskii j", and of which tv/o specimens were obtained from a well in Cayenne by Prof. Wrzesniowsky, of Warsaw. One of Miers’s types exists, in fragments, in the British Museum collection, and a comparison with Burchelhs specimen shows that the two are certainly congeneric and possibly even specifically identical. Since, however, there are definite, though not very important, differences between the two, I propose to refer to Burchelhs specimen under the new specific name of E, Burchelli. The figures given by Miers are somewhat unsatisfactory and his description is incomplete, especially in the absence of any account of the mouth-parts. The genus has therefore remained in obscurity, and, so far as I have been able to discover, the only further reference to it is by Prof. Kingsley, who, in his revision of the Palsemonidse j, quotes Miers’s description and leaves the systematic position of the genus doubtful. In view of this uncertainty, it seems worth while to record the results of an examination of the two specimens. Burchell’s specimen, in spite of its great age, was found, on being carefully relaxed, to be in fairly good condition. The following diagnosis includes the characters which seem to be of generic importance. Family Palsemonidae. Genus Eukyehynchus, Miers. Bostrum very short, flattened, without teeth above or below. Carapace with an antennal spine, but no supraorbital, hepatic, or branchiostegal spines. Outer flagellum of antennules com- pletely divided. Mandible without a palp. Third maxilli- peds slender. Second peraeopods much stronger than the first. Type species, E. Wrzesniowshii^ Miers. The absence of the mandibular palp brings this genus within a group which lies near the boundary-line between the Palsemonidae and Pontoniidae and renders this line, as Schenkel has remarked, somewhat indefinite. The fact that * Cf. Poulton, Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. (7) xiii. pp. 45-56, pi. iii. t Proc. Zool. Soc. 1877, p. 662, pi. Ixvii. tigs. 2-2 6. f Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 1879, p. 424. 297 Freshwater Crustacean from Pard. the two branches of the outer flagellum of the antennules are divided to the base may, however, be taken as indicating for the genus a place within the Palsemonida3. The other genera usually incliuled- in this family which have no palps on the mandibles are Pahemonetes, Heller, Borra- daile, and Ancijlocaris^ Schenkel. From these the present genus is distinguished by the form of the rostrum and by the absence of spines except the antennal on the antero-lateral region of the carapace. Euryrhynclius WrzesniowslcUy I\Iiers. (Fig. 1.) Euryrhynchus Wrzesniowskiiy Miers, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1877, p. 662, pi. Ixvii. tigs. 2-2 h. Merus of second perasopods with two inconspicuous rounded lobes at the distal end below ; carpus without a spine on the inner side ; fingers hardly longer than the palm. Telsori with the tip rather narrowly rounded, projecting nearly as far as the long lateral spines. Fig. 1. Euryrhynchus Wrzesniowshiij Miers. Distal end of telson. I can find no trace of the small spine between the eyes and the rostrum described by Miers, and the telson, as figured, is much too narrow. Locality. Cayenne, in a w^ell.^^ Co-type in British Museum. Euryrhynchus Burchelli^ sp. n. (Figs. 2-8.) Menis of second peiaeopods with two acute spiniforra teeth at the distal end of its lower surface ; carpus with a sharp tooth on the inner side near the distal end ; fingers distinctly longer than the palm. Telson with the tip broadly rounded, not projecting nearly as far as the long lateral spines. Lccalitij. Paid, 4th September, 1829 ; Burcheli Coll. Type in Hope Museum, Oxford. * Mr. Borradaile has pointed out to me that this name was first used by Stimpson in 1871 (Atm. Lyc. Nat. Hist. New York, x. p. 128), but apparently only as a nomen nudum. Whether Borradaile’s later use of the namehs illegal may be left to the decision of those interested in such questions. 298 On a Freshwater Crustacean from Pard. Fig. 2. 'Euryrliijnchus Burclielli. 2, — Anterior part of carapace, from the side. Fig. 3. — Anterior part of cara]>ace, with eyes, antennules, and auteunre, from above (set£e omitted). Fig. 4. — Mandible. Fig. 5. — Distal end of merus and carpus of second perajopod from outer side. Fig. 6. — Distal part of second permopod (left side) from below. Fig. 7. — Dactylus of third permopod. p’ig. 8, — Telson and uropod. Marginal set;e of uropod omitted. On new Species of Ileterocera, 299 Comparative Measurements, E. Wrzesniowskii. E. Burchelli. mm. chela palm lines/’ Miers) 13-5 5 mm. 4'75 0-5 „ 0-6 1-7 „ 1-5 1-9 „ 1-7 1-2 „ 1-2 2-1 „ 1-95 2-7 „ 1-7 6-25 „ 4-4 2-7 „ 2-5 2-55 „ 1-9 The fact tliat both the forms referred to this genus were found in wells suggests that they belong to the subterranean fauna. The eyes, however, although small, are well-pig- mented and facetted. Certain blind forms referred to the genus F alcemo7ietes have been described from subterranean liabitats in Texas and in Cuba. They are still imperfectly known and it does not seem certain that they are correctly assigned to that genus. They are certainly specifically, and probably generically, distinct from the forms here dealt with. XXXVI. — Descriptions of new Species of Ileterocera hehnqiag to the Families Syntomidj^e, Hypsida?, Cyllopodhlae, Diop- tidse, and Erateininse. By Herbert Druce, F.L.S. &c. Family Syntomidge. Agijrta varuna^ sp. n. Male. — Head, antennae, and thorax black, the shaft of the antennae white ; the collar and palpi bright crimson ; tegulae black, edged with white ; abdomen metallic blue above, white on the underside ; a bluish-white dorsal stripe extends from the thorax to the anus. Primaries black, with a semi- hyaline white band from the base as far as the end of the cell; a white spot near the apex: secondaries pale yellow, the apex and outer margin broadly black shot with brilliant blue; the fringes of both wings black. Underside primaries very similar to the upperside, but shot with brilliant blue : secondaries with the costal margin banded with white and an 300 Mr. II. Druce on oval-sliapecl wlilte spot close to the apex, the black margia glossed with blue. Expanse inch. Hah. Peru, Pichbs Road, 3000 feet {Watlcins^Mus. Druce). Allied to Agyrta flavitincta^ Ilampson, from Bolivia. Family Hypsidae. CalUmorplia solai^ sp. n. Head, antennae, palpi, collar, tegulse, and thorax black; abdomen above orange-yellow banded with black ; the under- side, anus, and legs black. Primaries yellowish cream- colour, the costal margin, apex, and outer margin black, the inner edge of the black outer margin deeply dentated about tlie middle ; a black spot above the anal angle and a black band near the apex ; a spot at the end of the cell and the base of the wing black : secondaries dark orange, broadly bordered with black ; a black spot at the end of the cell ; the secondaries are almost identical with those of CaUimorpha TheJwalHj Druce. Underside almost identical with the upperside, but the primaries dark orange-yellow, the same as the secondaries. Expanse 2| inches. Hah. British East Africa {Mus. Druce). Specimens are also in the National Collection. Eucyane dilutana, sp. n. Head, antennae, palpi, collar, tegulce, thorax, abdomen, and legs all black ; the underside of the head and front of thorax yellow. Primaries black, the veins slightly greyish ; a yellow band crosses the wing beyond the cell from the costal margin to the anal angle, where it becomes quite narrow; the fringe black ; secondaries black ; a submarginal yellow band extends from close to the apex to the anal angle, be- coming rather reddish ; tlie outer margin black. The under- side very similar to the upperside, but the bands more shaded with red. Expanse 2 inches. Hah. Amazons [Mus. Brit.). Allied to Eucyane kedar^ Druce. Pericopis anadema^ sp. n. Male. — Head, antennm, palpi, and legs black ; two white spots on the collar ; tegula3 yellow, with a black line 301 new Species oj Hekrocera, down the middle; thorax blackish brown, with two yellowish- white spots at the base ; abdomen above black, striped with yellow on each side, the anal segments black, the anal tuft yellow; the underside of ihe abdomen pale yellow. Pri- maries semihyalinc, shaded with brown; the apex, outer margin, and inner margin brownish black ; two brownish- black lines cross the wing from the costal margin, the first from the end of the cell to the outer margin, the second about the middle of the wing; a marginal row of minute white dots extends from the apex to the anal angle : second- aries orange-yellow in some specimens, the veins blackish; the outer margin black, with a marginal row of very minute white dots. Underside very similar to the upperside ; the fringe blackish brown. — Female. Primaries pale brownish yellow, crossed from the costal margin beyond the middle by a wide broken yellow* band : secondaries orange-yellow, the outer margins black, the white dots very indistinct. Expanse, S $ 3 inches. Hah. Colombia, Minca, 2000 feet [H. H. Smitli^j 10 S) 1 $ (l/w.9. Druce). One specimen in the National Collection from Panama. Pericopis Forhesi^ sp. n, Male. — Head, antennas, and palpi black; collar black, spotted with yellow ; tegulae black, yellow at the base ; thorax and abdomen black, the abdomen banded with yellow on each side; the underside yellow, with a central black line; the anus reddish yellow; the legs black; secondaries brownish hyaline, the veins, apex, outer and inner margins black ; a wide black band crosses the wing beyond the cell from the costal margin to the outer margin above the anal angle ; a second black band crosses the wing about the middle : second- aries yellowish hyaline, the veins, apex, and outer margin broadly black ; a narrow black band at the end of the cell. Underside very similar to the upperside, but with a small red spot at the base of each wing. Expanse 3 inches. Hah. South Brazil [Mus. Druce). A very worn and broken specimen is in the National Collection. Pericopis mosera, sp. n. Male. — Head, antennm, palpi, collar, tegulae, thorax, and legs black; collar spotted with yellow; abdomen black, banded on the sides with bluish grey ; the underside pale 302 Mr. H. Druce on yellow; tlie anal tuft dark yellow. Primaries greyish liyaline, the costal margin from the base to end of the cell and a streak on the inner margin from the base almost to the anal angle reddish brown ; the apex, outer and inner margins black excepting at the apex; a black band crosses the wing at the end of the cell from the costal to the outer margin ; the band is semihyaline black in the middle ; a short, slightly curved black band crosses the wing about the middle of the cell ; a marginal row of minute white dots extends from the apex to the anal angle : secondaries hyaline, shaded with black above the anal angle ; the costal margin, apex, and outer margin broadly black ; a black band at the end of the cell ; a marginal row of white spots extends from the apex to the anal angle. Underside similar to the upperside; the primaries with a reddish-brown band at the apex and a reddish-brown spot about the middle of the outer margin ; the costal margin of the secondaries reddish brown. Expanse inches. Hah. Peru, Pio Colorado, 2500 feet {Watidns & Tom'- linsorij Mus. Brit.), Family Cyllopodidse. Devara hicolorata^ sp. n. Male. — Head, antennse, collar, tegulse, thorax, legs,and the abdomen black ; the underside of the abdomen greyish white. Primaries black, with a large round white spot about the middle of the wing, some white scales near the base, the veins black : secondaries black ; the fringes of both wings black. Underside : primaries, the white spot larger, ex- tending to the base of the wing ; the apex dark grey, covered by the black veins : secondaries dark grey, the veins all black, the outer margin slightly white. Expanse inch. Hah. Peru, San Kemon, 3000 feet [Watidns^ Mus, Druce) ; Polivia, Yungas la Paz [M^is. Brit.). The specimen from Bolivia is slightly paler in colour on the underside of the secondaries, but in all other respects it is identical with the Peruvian specimens. It is allied to Devara huhona, Druce, from Ecuador. Devara xanihion^ sp. n. Male. — Head, antennse, collar, tegulse, thorax, and abdo- men black, the sides of the abdomen yellow ; legs black. Primaries black ; a reddish-brown streak extends from the ^03 new Species of Ileterocera, base almost to the middle of the wing ; a rather large yellowish- white square-shaped spot close to the costal margin nearest the apex ; the fringe black : secondaries black, the central part of the wing reddish brown irrorated with black scales ; the fringe black. Underside of primaries very similar to the upperside ; the white spot larger and reaching the costal margin ; several small yellowish-white streaks at the apex and a white dot on the outer margin nearest the apex ; secondaries pale yellowish white, the veins all black, broadly bordered wdth blackish brown from the apex to the anal angle, some of the spaces between the veins yellowish white. Expanse inch. Hab. S.E. Brazil, Bio Janeiro [Mas. Brit.). Allied to B. hifenestrata^ Herr.-ScliafF., and D. pallida^ Druce. Devara trebonia^ sp. n. Head, antennas, collar, tegulae, thorax, abdomen, and legs greyish black. Primaries black, the cell semihyaline white ; a large round yellow spot beyond the cell nearest the apex ; the fringe black : secondaries white, broadly bordered with black from the apex to the anal angle. Underside very similar to the upperside. Expanse inch. Hab. Peru, Rio Colorado, 2500 feet ; La Mercede, 3000 feet [Wathins^ Mas, Bruce) \ San Remon, 3000 feet [Watkins, Mas. Brit.), Devara chiliorij sp. n. Male. — Head, antennse, collar, tegulas, thorax, and upper- side of the abdomen brownish black ; the underside of the abdomen and legs greyish white. Primaiies brownish black; three greyish-white streaks near the base and a white spot close to the apex ; the veins yellowish brown ; the fringe black : secondaries wdiite, broadly bordered with black from the apex to the anal angle; the inner margin dusky white. The underside very similar to the upperside, but blacker. Expanse 1-j^- inch. Hab, Peru, Rio Colorado, 2500 feet (fMus. Bruce). A specimen of this species is in the National Collection from the same locality. Devara don, sp. n. Male. — Head, antennae, collar, tegulae, thorax, abdomen, and legs black ; the underside of the thorax and abdomen 304 Mr. H. Driice on greyish white. Primaries black, the basal third white j a white spot close to the apex : secondaries white, broadly bordered with black I’rom the apex to the anal angle ; the inner margin black ; fringes of both wings black. Under- side : ])rimaiies very similar to the ujiperside ; two white spots close to the apex ; the apex greyish : secondaries greyish white, the veins black ; a black mark at the apex and one close to the anal angle, the outer margin irroratecl with black scales. Expanse 1 inch. Hah. Bolivia, Yungas la Paz (dfws. Brit.) j 2 ^ and 1 $ [Mus. Bruce). Devara picroideSj sp. n. Male. — Head, antennae, collar, tegulae, thorax, and abdo- men above black ; the underside of the thorax and abdomen greyish white; legs greyish. Primaries black, the basal half of the wing white, the base irrorated with black scales : secondaries white, edged with black, broadest at the apex ; the fringe black. Underside: primaries very similar to the upperside, excepting that the costal margin and apex are greyish white : secondaries glossy white, the veins black. Expanse inch. Hah. Bolivia, Yungas la Paz [Mas. Brit.). Devara cressida^ sp. n. Male. — Head, antennae, and thorax black ; collar and tegulm grey ; abdomen black, banded with grey, the under- side white ; legs black. Primaries black; an elongated spot at the base whitish hyaline, and a small white spot on the costal margin near the apex : secondaries creamy white, broadly bordered witli black from the apex to tlie inner margin. Underside : primaries very similar to the upperside, but with the apex greyish, crossed by the black veins and a small white spot about the middle of the outer margin : sccondaiies creamy white, the veins all black, the aj)ex and outer margin clouded greyish black ; a small white spot near the apex. Expanse Inch. Uab. Peru, liio Colorado [WatJeins^ Mas. Brace). Devara prhtea^ sp. n. Female. — Head, antenna?, thorax, and upperside of the abdomen black, tlie underside white ; collar orange ; tegulre 305 new Species of Heterocera. black, edged with white. Primaries black; a curved hyaline white band extends from the base to the end of the cell ; the inner margin from the base to about the middle greyish ; a round white spot near the apex : secondaries white, broadly bordered with black from the apex to the anal angle. Under- side very similar to the upperside, but not so black ; the outer margin of the secondaries lias an indistinct greyish-white line on the black border which extends from the apex to the anal angle ; the fringes of both wings black. Expanse inch. Hab. Peru, La Mecede, 2000-3000 feet {Watkins^ Mas, Dr ace) . JSelo cosyra, sp. n. Male. — Head, antennae, collar, tegulae, thorax, abdomen, and legs brownish black. Primaries brownish black, the costal margin from the base almost to the apex orange-red; a wide orange-red band crosses the centre of the wing from the costal margin to the anal angle; the fringe dark brown : secondaries brownish black. Underside: primaries very similar to the upperside ; secondaries pale brown, the veins all black. Expanse inch. Hub.- Peru, San Remon, 2000-3000 feet ( Wathins')^ 10 S {Mus. Druce), 1 S [Mas, BriL). Allied to Nelo coccienatay Walk. Nelo creteSy sp. n. Male. — Head, antennae, collar, tegulae, thorax, abdomen, and legs black, the underside of the abdomen reddish. Pri- maries black, with a white spot shaded with blue beyond the cell nearest the outer margin : secondaries black; the fringes of both wings black. Underside : primaries very similar to the upperside, the white spot more distinct, the apex and half of the outer margin red : secondaries red, the veins black. Expanse IJ inch. Hab. Peru, Rio Colorado, 2500 feet; La Mercede, 2000 feet [Watkins j Mas. Druce)^ IS S : ^ S [Mus. Brit.). Nelo dolopiay sp. n. Male. — Head, antennae, collar, tegulse, thorax, abdomen, and legs dark brown. Primaries dark brown, crossed about the middle by a wide red band, which is straight on the inner side and much curved on the outer side : secondaries dark 306 Mr. II. Druce on brown. Underside very similar to the upperside, but much paler brown, the veins black. Expanse inch. Ilah. Bolivia, La Paz {Garlepp, Mas, Druce)] Peru, Oroya, 1000 feet {Mas. Brit.), Nelo cunaxa^ sp. n. Male, — Head, antennae, collar, tegulae, thorax, abdomen, and legs brownish black. Primaries brownish black, with a large orange-red spot extending from the costal margin nearest the apex to the anal angle ; secondaries dark brown ; the fringe of both wings dark brown. Underside : primaries similar to the upperside, but paler in colour, the orange-red spot edged with white on the costal margin : secondaries pale brown, the veins black ; a white streak on the costal margin just above the apex. Expanse 1;^ inch. Ilah. Peru, Bio Colorado, La Mercede, 2000-3000 feet, 5 S (J^Ius, Druce), Nelo cypharUj sp. n. Male. — Head, antennae, collar, thorax, abdomen, and legs black. Primaries deep blue-black, with a large, almost round, orange-red spot beyond the cell : secondaries deep blue-black. Underside very similar to the upperside, excepting that the costal margin, apex, and outer margin are pale brown : secondaries brown, greyish round the outer margin, the veins all black. Expanse If inch. Ilah, North Peru, Huancabamba, 6000-10,000 feet ; Pozuzo, 5000-10,000 feet [Native Collector) ; Bio Colorado, 2500 feet ( Watkins)^^ 16 S [Mas, Druce), A specimen of this species is in the National Collection from Peru. Nelo donuca^ sp. n. Male, — Head, antennse, collar, tegulae, thorax, abdomen, and legs black. Primaries and secondaries black, primaries slightly glossed with dull blue near the apex. Underside of both wings black. Expanse IJ inch. Hab, Peru, Pozuzo, 5000-10,000 feet (Native Collector^ Mas. Druce), Allied to Nelo philodamea^ Druce, but very distinct. new Species of lleterocera. 307 Sangala cydrara, sp. n. Male. — Head, collar, teo'ulie, thorax, and abdomen black, the point of the .tegulm red. Primaries dark brown, with a large central red patch that does not reach either the costal or inner margin : secondaries dark brown. Underside: pri- maries pale brown, the veins black ; the red spot smaller than above : secondaries pale brown, a red spot at the base, the veins black. Expanse IJ- inch. Hab. Bolivia, Yungas la Paz [Mas, Brit.'). Sangala anasa^ sp. n. Male. — Head, antennae, collar, tegalse, thorax, abdomen, and legs black. Primaries bright glossy dark blue : second- aries dark brownish black, in some lights slightly glossed with blue. Underside ; both wings pale brown, the veins black. Expanse If inch. Hah. Peru, La Mercede, 2000-3000 feet [WathinSj Mas. Druce) , Allied to Sangala antiphates, Druce, but very distinct on the underside. Sangala marpesia^ sp. n. Male. — Head, antennae, collar, tegulas, thorax, abdomen, and legs black, the sides of the abdomen streaked with red and yellow. Primaries dark brown, with a large central reddish-orange spot crossing the wing from the costal margin nearly to the inner margin ; the fringe dark brown : second- aries dark brown. Underside : primaries pale brown, the veins black, the costal margin from the base to the end of the cell red ; a red spot at the end of the cell : secondaries pale brown, the veins black ; a small red spot at the base and two large white spots close to the apex. Expanse 1 j inch. Hob. Bolivia, La Paz [Qarlepp^ Mas. Druce), Sangala cynara^ sp. n. Male. — Head, antennse, collar, thorax, upperside of abdo- men, and legs all black, underside of abdomen reddish brown. Primaries dark brown, with a large red spot at the end of the cell ; the wing is glossed with bright blue from the base almost to the outer margin ; the red spot varies greatly in 308 Mr. H. Druce on size in the eight specimens before me : secondaries dark brown, in some specimens the wing is slightly glossed with blue on the outer margin. Underside : primaries pale brown, the veins black ; an orange-red, rather wide streak at the end of the cell : secondaries pale brown, greyish brown at the apex, the veins black. Expanse IJ ineh. 11 ah, Peru, Upper Rio Toro {Mas. Dr ace). In some specimens the red spot on the underside of the primaries is entirely wanting. This species is allied to Sangala antipJiateSy Druce. Taraxineura quadripuncta, sp. n. Male. — Head, antennae, tegulae, thorax, abdomen, and legs black; collar orange-yellow ; anal tuft yellow. Primaries black, a large square white spot at the end of cell ; fringe black : secondaries black, a small white round spot at the end of the cell. Underside similar to the upperside. Expanse inch. Hah, British Guiana, Roraima [WMtehj) ] Paramaribo (U. W. Ellacoinhe, Mas. Druce)^ 2 (^ , 1 $; Potaro River ((7. B. Roberts j Mas. Brit,)^ 1 J. Family Dioptidae. Lauron halizoaj sp. n. Female. — Head, antennae, and thorax black ; tegulae orange- red ; abdomen brownish black, with a greyish-white line on each side ; legs brownish black. Primaries reddish orange, semihyaline near the base, the veins mostly black ; a band of five white spots crosses the wing near the apex from the costal to the outer margin ; the fourth and fifth spots are quite small: secondaries semihyaline brownish black; the under- side of both wings brownish black; the costal margin of the prirnaiics reddish orange. Expanse 2 inches. Hah. Jamaica {Mus. Brit.). Dioiitis quiriteSj sp. n. Male. — Head, antennae, collar, tegulae, thorax, abdomen, and legs black ; the front of the head and underside of the thorax and abdomen white. Primaries hyaline, the veins black, the apex and outer margin broadly black ; a semi- hyaline white band partly crosses the wing near the apex, new Species of FTeterocera. 301) but does not reach the outer margin ; a round semihyaline white spot at the anal angle : secondaries hyaline, the veins black ; the costal margin, apex, and outer margin black ; a submarginal pale yellow line edged with black on the inner side extends from the aj)ex to the anal angle. The under- side very similar to the upperside. Expanse IJ inch. Hah, Colombia, Bogota [Mus. Brit.). From the Crowley Collection. Allied to Dioptis Trailii^ Butler, and Dioptis cheledonis^ Druce. Dioptis albifasciata.^ sp. n. Male. — Head, antennae, collar, tegulai, thorax, abdomen, and legs black; underside o£ the abdomen white. Primaries hyaline, the veins black; a black line crosses the wing beyond the cell from the costal margin to the anal angle, beyond which a wide white Ijand crosses from the costal to the outer margin ; the apex and outer margin broadly black : secondaries hyaline, the veins, costal and outer margins black. The underside very similar to the upperside. Expanse inch. Ilab, Peru, La Mercede, 2000-3000 feet [Watkins.^ Mas.' Druce). Loclia hermeSj sp. n. Female. — Head, antennae, collar, tegulae, thorax, abdomen, and legs black. Primaries hyaline, the veins all black; the costal margin, apex, outer and inner margins black; a black band crosses the wing at the end of the cell from the costal to the outer margin ; a small orange-red spot at the base of the wing : secondaries hyaline, the veins, costal and outer margins black. The underside the same as the upperside. Expanse inch. llah. Colombia [Mus. Brit.). Allied to Loclia hyalina^ Walk. Phanoptis taxila^ sp. n. Female. — Head, antennae, collar, thorax, abdomen, and legs black ; tegulae black, with a white spot at the base. Primaries hyaline, the costal margin, apex, outer and inner margins, and a wide band crossing the wing beyond the cell all black glossed with brilliant blue : secondaries liyaline, the costal margin, apex, and outer margin and veins black glossed Ann. (F Mag. N. Hist. Scr. 7. Vol. xix. 22 310 On new Species of TIeterocera. wltli brilliant blue. Underside similar to the upperside, but not so much glossed with blue. Expanse 1| inch. llah. Colombia, Bogota {Mus Brit.). From the Crowley Collection. FJianoptis Ipdia^ sp. n. Female. — Head, antennae, and tegulse black; collar bright red; thorax and abdomen bright blue, abdomen with a white central line, underside of the abdomen white. Primaries hyaline, the veins, costal margin, apex, outer and inner margins, and a band crossing the wing beyond the cell all black glossed with brilliant blue: secondaries hyaline, the veins and margins black glossed with brilliant blue ; the fringe of the secondaries white. Underside very similar to the upperside, but without the blue gloss. Expanse 2 inches. llab. Peru, La Mercede, 2000-3000 feet [Watkins, M us. Druce) . Allied to Bhanoptis cyanomelas, Felder. Family Erateininae. Eratina amazonia, sp. n. Female. — Head, thorax, and abdomen black; collar white; abdomen banded with white above, the underside white; legs black, while on the underside. Primaries pale greyish brown from the base to about the middle ; the apical half black, crossed from the costal margin almost to the anal angle by a yellowish-white band : secondaries greyish brown, the outer margin broadly black; a submarginal row of yellowish-white spots extends from near the apex to the anal angle; a red spot at the anal angle ; the fringe alternately black and white. Underside : primaries similar to the upperside, but redder and with a submarginal white band from the costal margin near the apex to the anal angle ; secondaries white, streaked with yellow and red bands, the outer margin reddish brown. Expanse inch. Uab. Amazons, Banos [Mas. Brit.). Eratina Garlep>2ji^ sp. n. Male. — Head, antenna}, collar, tegulcC, thorax, and upper- side of the abdomen black, underside of the abdomen white. Primaries black, with white streaks from the base, the inner 811 Oyi new Species of Plistericlic. margin white ; a wide semihyaline white band crossing the wing about the middle, but not reaching either margin ; a second small band near the apex ; the fringe black ; the semihjuxline bands are glossed with dark blue : secondaries black, the central part of the wing bluish hyaline white ; the fringe alternately white and black. Underside of both wings very similar to the upperside, but the black parts reddish in tint. Expanse l-J inch. Ilab, Bolivia, Yungas la Paz i^Gavlepp)^ 3 $ {flm, Dnice). A specimen in the National Collection from the same localitj\ Erathia albonulataj sp. n. Female. — Head, antennae, tegulse, thorax, and abdomen above black ; collar and underside of the abdomen pale yellow, abdomen banded with white on the upperside. Pri- maries black, slightly greyish at the base; a large oval- shaped white spot about the middle of the wing : secondaries black. Underside : primaries, the base streaked with yellow and white, the wdiite spot as above, but extending to the costal margin ; a submarginal line of bright yellow spots from near the apex almost to the anal angle: secondaries pale yellowish w’hite, the veins yellow, and a submarginal yellow line; the apex reddish. Expanse inch. Uab. Bolivia, Yungas la Paz {^Garlepp^ Mas. J)ruce) ; one specimen {Mas. Brit.). XXXVIT. — On new Species of Histeridie J Notices of others. By Gr. Lewis, F.L.S. This is the thirtieth paper of this series. In the last few years certain Histeridae have been found iti India which show in a marked degree a connexion between the fauna of our eastern possessions and that of Japan. Mr. E. P. Stebbing has found Niponius canalicollis Lew., on the mountain ot Siiinghun, in the northern part of Zhob in Baluchistan, at an elevation of 7500 feet; it w^as found feeding on a species of Polygraphus which infests the Hima- layan pine, Finns Gerardiana. The locality is of interest, as it is probably the western geographical limit of Niponius, 312 Mr. G. Lewis on as Japan is of its eastern boundary. The best time for searching for the speeies is June and early in July; they are diurnal, and occur in the higher regions of large forests. I found the species in Japan chiefly on deciduous trees, elm, oak, and celtis, and they seemed to feed on various sub- cortical and wood-boring Coleoptera. It is likely that tliere are unrecognized species in collections, as one from Borneo remained in the Pascoe collection for many years until detected by Mr. Arrow. Species of two other peculiar genera have been recently discovered in the Nilgiri Hills by Mr. H. L. Andrewes which have a like distribution from Japan in the east to India in the west, viz. Try'peticus and Pachylomahis, and in botli instances the species are very similar to each other. Histei' punctulatuSj Wiedem., one of the most curious species in the family, occurs in Bengal, and I have found it in China and Japan ; the species should now be placed in Zahromorphus, as it has longitudinal antennal fossas. It is by the peculiar genera and species of a family that the connecting-links in a fauna are principally shown, not by the ordinary genera, such as TIister and Saprinus, which are world-spread. List of Species. ITololepta sci&sonia, Mars, (maiira, Leiv.). Trypan£ens thoracicus, F. torpedo, Lew. Caiupylorhahdus Poop-ei^ Har. Teinotarsus latipes, Lew. Ilister oyassas. Silantjevi, Shir. Carciiiops arqnatus. Paro mains, Erich son. Isolomaliis, pen. nov. elongatus. Tsolomalus truncatus. Microloinalus, gen. nov. Discoscelis argentine. Abneus orientalis. Sapriinis caesopygus, Mars. Euspilotus, gen. nov. zonalis. flavopictns, Letu. ■ decoratns, Er. bisignatns, Er. Gnatlioncns brevisternns. Ilololepta maura.^ Lew., 1885, = //. scissoma, Mars., I860. In 1885 1 knew' //. scissoma by description only. //. maura, Lew., is a variety in which the first dorsal stria is interrupted in the middle; in more than fifty examples I have since seen the first dorsal stria is complete, as shown in Marseul’s figure (pi. xi. fig. 10, Monograph, 18G0). Trypanaais thoracicus, F., and T. torpedo., Lew. The females of these species are very similar to each other, 313 new Species of Ilisterida3. except that the latter is more robust and tlie lateral thoracic stria is conspicuously stronger ; but the male of torpedo has a rostrum which has a protuberance on either side, and in this respect agrees with the males of T, carincerostris, noxiusj nasicornis, and volvulus^ Mars. Two figures are given to show the differences of the outlines of the rostrum. Fig. 1. Fig. 2. Trypanceus thoracicus, F. Trypanmis torpedo, Lew. Campyloriiabdus, Schmidt, 1889. Teinotarsus Poggei, Har., is undoubtedly congeneric with CampyJorhahdus singularis, Sch. There is a very great resemblance in the sculpture and form of the sterna and in the peculiar dorsal strife of both species. Teinotarsus latipeSy Lew., 1904. I give a figure of this species, drawn from the type example in the British Museum. Fig. 3. Ulster nyasscBj sp. n. Breviter ovalis, convexus, iiiger, nitidus ; fronte biimpressa, stria recta ; pronoto lateribus impiinctato, marginato et bistriato ; elytris sfriis 1-3 et subliumerali integris, 4 basi evanescenti, 5 Mr. G. Lewis on ?>U a])icali, suiurali utrinque abbreviata ; propygidio pygidioque densissime puiictatis ; prosterno aiigust-ato baud striato ; meso- steriio truncate, margiiiato ; tibiis anticis 3-dentatis. L. mill. This species is extremely similar to II. Marshalli, Lew., from Mashonalancl, but it is a little larger, rather less convex, and somewhat more oval. The thorax is smooth laterally, not conspicuously punctate, and the pygidiaare more densely punctured. In Mar.skalli there is a short basal outer humeral stria which is wanting in 7iyassce, but in both species the niesosternum is truncate and has a fine marginal stria, and the anterior tibia? are tridentate, with the apical tooth very robust. Ulster ceneus.^ angoniensis, africanus^ and sulcipijgus^ Lew., with afevj Payk., may be associated with the above, as they all have a truncate niesosternum and a complete subhurneral stria ; the thoracic stria? and the form of the anterior tibiae are also similar. Ilab. Nyassaland, Central Africa. I give the following description for convenient reference: — Ulster Silantjevij Shirjajev. E,ev. Russed’Ent. iii. p. 16 (1903). Corps ovalaire, assez convexe, luisant, antennes noires. Stria frontale a peine sinuee. Pronotum a bords lateraux renhes, avec une strie laterale unique, non parallble an bord mais s’en rapprochant davantage en avant qu’en arribre; dessus ponctue contre la strie laterale (interieurement) . Elytres avec une strie subhumerale entibre et fortement arquee, a sa base, vers I’interieur ; epaules avec une striole oblique, bien distincte, reliant la partie basilaire de la strie subhumerale au bord del’elytre; stries dorsales 1—3 entibres, la 4® excedant legbrement le milieu des elytres, la 5® n’atteig- nant jias leur tiers, la b® egale a la 4®. Epipleures ponctues assez lortement. Propygidium ponctue un peu rnoins dense- ment et un peu ])lus grossierement que le pygidiurn. Tibias rougeatres, les anterieurs munis de cinq dents dont la derniere est simple et assez aigue. “ Long. mill. “ Cette espbee est notamment voisine de II. marginatus^ Er., mais la strie laterale du pronotum n’atteint pas son bord })Oslerieur, la base des elytres n^offre aucun vestige d’une 5 slide dorsale et les tibias antbricurs n’ont que 5 dents h Icur 315 nem Species of Ilistericla3. bord externe. Elle se rapproclic egalement de II, carbon- ariuSj HofFni., mais le proiiotum est ponctue cotitre la strie laterale, interieureinent, etc. “ Uii specimen ^ de cette interessante espbce dans le district de Starobielsk, gouv. de Kharkov."” Carcinops arquatus, sp. n. Ovalis, convexiis, iiiger, nitidus ; fronte stria Integra ; pronoto piinctato, punctis ssepe conflaentibus ; elytris striis subhumerali, 1-5 dorsalibus integris, 5 pone scutellum, conspicue incurvatis, suturali parte tuberculiformis ; mesosterno antice leviter sinuato, stria marginali late interrupta; tibiis anticis 3-dentatis. L. 1| mill. Oval, convex, blacky and shining ; the head, frontal stria complete, punctulation rather sparse and interspaces with microscopic points ; the thorax, marginal stria complete and finely crenellate behind the head, punctured somewhat like the head, but the points are more distinct and many are confluent, along the basal edge there is a row of punctures ; the elytra, strite, inner humeral fine and complete, 1-3 are complete, 4 crenellate on the apical half and bent inwards at tlie base, 5 apical half crenellate, rather widening out before the middle and bending to the suture at the base. The fifth striae appear to meet at the suture and togetiier form a com- plete arch. The sutural stria is composed of three small dorsal tubercles, with one point anterior to them, and in their line are some apical points; the propygidium is transversely punctured in the middle ; the pygidiuin is irregularly and sparingly punctate ; the prosternum, lobe punctate and marginate, keel smooth, stria joined anteriorly and sinuous at the sides ; the mesosternum is feebly sinuous and the marginal stria widely interrupted, closely behind the anterior edge there is an arched stria which continues in a parallel line along the sides to the base of the metasternum, and there is no visible suture between the sterna ; the anterior tibiu3 are feebly 3-dentate. This species resembles G, striatisternus^ Lew., in that the meso- and metasterna are connate and in the remarkable lateral stria which is common to both. Hab. Nilgiri Hills [H. L. Andrewes). “ Found in a nest of a harvesting-ant, Pheidologiton diversus, in a decaying Ficus on the Barwood Estate, altitude 3500 feet.” kSIx examples ; Paussidse and other Coleoptera have been found with the same ant. 31G ]\Ir. G. Lewis on Paromalus, Eilclison, Jalirb. p. 107 (1834), Type^ comylanatus^ Panz. After founding the two new genera, as below, tlie species now remaining in this genus are: — acistrigus^ biai-calus, clavis^ des'pectuSj evanescens^ Forestieri^ honoratus^ keicoluy khongiuSy miliariSy musicus, oceanitisj RoherU\ aculptipygus^ ttibodwy uwbiUcatiiSj Victorice^ vittula. Mars.; cequalis^ Say ; AUuaudiy derasuSy lenticula, Modiglianiiy Schultheissi, Sch.; amelias ^ hrevipeSy commeatusy FeJimus, inunctuSy Luderiiy malusy ocuh- qyygiiSy productusy rugigeniuSy trifoliumy Mars. ; bistriatusy seminuhimy Erich. ; com plexus y mancuSy JissuSy jejuna Sy notabilisy orbusy pupiltnSy rogalisy selectus, similisy sincerusy sobrmasy verminosus. Lew.; and dijjicHisy Horn. There are four species in which the sutural stria is obsolete or wanting, but the general form of tlie body is the same, -\VL. cunvexusy Mars. ; divaricatiiSy injiatuSy and sulcatuSy Lew. The figure of the last species ( Biol. Ceiit.-Ainer., Col. vol. ii. pt. 1, tab. vi. fig. 7) shows that it has a trace of a sutural stria. y. Ludertiy Mars., has made a settlement along the borders ’ of the Mediterranean, having doubtless been introduced with Opuntia largely grown there. neic Species of IIistci ida3. 317 Isolornalus elongafus, sp. n. Elong-atus,parallelus, 8ubdeprcssiis,niger, niridiis, undique punctahis ; froiite plana, punctulata ; mesosterno antice hand margiriato ; pygidio postice margine elevato, antice vermiculato ; tibiis anticis 5-dentatis. L. 2|-2| mill. Elongate, parallel at the sideSj somewhat depressed, black and shining ; the head clearly punctured, stria complete ; the thorax, marginal stria obsolete behind the neck, lateral punctures somewhat oblong and well marked, punctures on the disc resemble those of the liead, but they are evanescent behind the neck ; the elytra are more distinctly punctured than the thorax, but on the same plan, largest latterly, finer on the dorsum, with the sutural margin smooth, sutural stria fine and reaching just beyond the middle; the propygidium is flat and very distinctly punctate ; the pygidium S has a raised rim with a crescent sulcus within it, the disc is irregularly not finely vermiculate ; the prosternum, lobe slightly punctured and with the keel microscopically strigose ; the mesosternum is deeply margined at the sides only, with two fine detached striee at the suture formed like inverted V’s ; the pygidium ? is densely punctulate ; the anterior tibiai 5- dentate. llah. Para and Santarem, Amazon River {II. IT. Smith). Isolornalus truncatus^ sp. n. Parum clongatus, parallelus, depressus, niger, riitidus; stria froiitali Integra ; elytris apicibus anguste imj)iiuctatis ; propygidio disco conspicue jmuctato ; prosterrio baud striato ; mesosterno stria sLiturali interrupt a et biarcuata. L. 21 mill. Rather long, parallel, depressed, black and shining ; the head clearly and rather closely punctured, frontal stria com- plete ; the thorax punctured, finely strigose laterally, marginal stria complete, disc finely punctulate; the elytra, sutural stria abbreviated before the middle, sutural margin smooth, surface punctate and feebly strigose longitudinally, apical margin smooth ; the propygidium, disc conspicuously punc- tate, outer margin smooth ; the pygidium, S apex obtusely triangular and punctured, base deeply, irregularly, and unevenly sculptured, $ unknown ; the prosternum, anterior lobe rather coarsely punctured, keel more finely pointed and without striai ; the mesosternum immarginate anteriorly, laterally. there is a well-marked stria, the sutural or transverse 318 Mr. G. Lewis on stria consists of two sliort, detached, bent striie; the meta- sternum is laterally widely and microscopically strigose, with a shallow rugose sculpture ; the anterior tibise are 4-5- denticulate. ddie form of the meso-metasternal transverse stria connects this species with 7. elongatas. Ilab. Serra de Comrnunaty, Pernambuco (^Gounelle). MiCROLOMALUS, gen. nov. This genus is established to receive species hitherto included in Paromalus. The body is somewhat cylindrical and elongate, but not much depressed as in the type of the genus Paromalus [complanatuSj Panz.), and the form of the }jrosternum is on a different plan. The prosternum is with- out stripe and the keel is narrowed anteriorly and not much flattened out, the metasternum throughout its length is relatively more narrow, see tig. 6. The species are jiavicornis^ 'parallelepipeduSy Herbst ; omineus^ Lew.; j^/aw,E-eit.; soul pti pectus^ Mars.; and simplicisternus, Sch. M. sculpti pectus^ from Java, I only know by description ; the other species are from the north- temperate zone of the Old World. Fig’. 4. Fig. 5. Fig. 6. AAA. Fig. 4. — Faromalus complcmatus, Panz. Fig. 5. — Isolomalus verniinosufi, Lew. Fig. 6. — Microlomalus Jiavicornis, Herbst. Discoscelis argentince, sp. n. Late ovata, convexa, nigra, nitida ; fronto cum clypeo marginata ; prouoto stria marginal! antice recta, disco oblique striato ; elytris striis subhumerali et dorsalibus 1-2 integris ; pygidio apice longitudinal! sulcato ; tibiis anticis emargiuatis. L. 3| mill. Broadly oval, convex above, black and shining ; the head slightly impressed anteriorly, faintly and irregularly strigose, lateral stria elevated and continued round the clypeus, which has a widely sinuous edge; the thorax, anterior angles obtuse and slightly explanate, marginal stria fine and con- tinued behind the head, where it is markedly straight, at the 319 new Species (?/Histerida3. base, in a line with the second dorsal stria, there is a fine oblique stria bent inwards at the basal edge and in length about one third of that of the thorax ; the elytra, the inner humeral stria is complete and carinate in tlie basal half, 1 dorsal fine and complete and incurved at the apex, 2 com- plete and similarly fine and turns inwards at the base, 3 is very short basal and hamate, between the third stria and the suture along the base is a very fine widely arched stria, which apparently represents the fourth and sutural striae, there is no fifth stria, but there is a very fine stria round the apical margin which continues partly along the suture ; the surfaces of the pygidia are scantily and microscopically punctulate, the propygidium is margined anteriorly with a fine stria, and the pygidium at its apex has a series of longitudinal grooves, about 24 in all, these constitute a well-marked character and may be sexual ; the prosternum, the stride are didymous and widen out behind the coxa3 and in front the two parts of each stria join ; the mesosternum has a marginal stria along its edge and beliind it there is a transverse stria which is sinuous in the middle ; the tibiae are disciform, the anterior pair are minutely serrate on the outer edge and markedly emarginate on the inner edge at the tarsal end. D. arechavaletce^ Mars., is similar but larger, and has a third dorsal stria and the 4-6 very short and apical. The oblique thoracic strim resemble those of Renimus meticulosus^ Lew., and if more species of Discoscelis and Renimus are at any time detected the genera may require revision. llah. Tucuman, Argentina. AhrcEus orientalis^ sp. n. Suborbicularis, convexus, piceus, opaciis, ruguloso-punctatus, supra setulis erectis fiavescentibus ; prosterno basi coiispicue pimctato; mesosterno stria marginali late interrupta ; mesosteruo meta- sternoque subocellato-punctatis ; tibiis obscure rufo-brunneis. L. 1| mill. Circular in outline, convex, rugosely punctured and setu- lose above ; the head slightly impressed anteriorly ; the pro- sternum straight at the base, narrowly marginate anteriorly, with an extremely fine stria behind the marginal stria, across the middle there is a feeble ridge and behind the ridge the punctures are very distinct and arranged in two rows, anterior to the ridge the punctures are irregular and inconspicuous, basal margin narrowly smooth not striate ; the mesosternum, marginal stria widely interrupted and the punctures, which are similar to those of the metasternum, are in two irregular 820 Mr. G. Lewis on rows; the nietasterniim, suture straight and rather coarsely crenellate, the crenellations numbering about twelve, the punctures are deep, circular, very evenly placed, somewhat ocellate and closely but not densely set ; the legs are obscurely reddish brown. This is the fifth species known from India ; it is of ster- coraceous habits. Ilah. Nilgiri Hills (//. L, Andrewes). Soprinus ccesopygus^ Mars. I have received examples of this species from Tucuman, Argentina; there is therefore no longer any doubt as to its being a native of S. America. S. pygidialis^ Lew., is a similar species, and in both the curious form of the pygidium is a masculine character only. EuSPILOTUS, gen. nov. Body oval, shining, metallic ; head without a definite frontal stria ; thorax transverse; elytra maculate, sutural stria with an arcuate basal extension ; prosternum, keel narrow, bistriate, with a strong and straight carina on either side, as shown in fig. 7 ; mesosternum widely sinuous and the margin interrupted ; anterior tibise multidenticulate. The species to be included are Saprinus hisignatus^ de- coratus^ lepidus, Er.; crenatipes, Sober; Mars. ; dichrousj jiavopictusj Icesits, and zonalis (type). Lew. The elytral markings of Saprinus interru2)ius, Pajk., a Central Asian species, are remarkably similar to decoratus, and 1 give a figure of the prosternum to show that the species are structurally very different. Euspilotiis zonalis, Lew. Saprinus viterniptus, ILyk. Euspilotus zonalis^ sp. n. Ovutus, jeneus, nitidus ; fronte dense punctata; pronoto ciliato, lateribus late rugoso-punctatis ; clytris macula flava lata, striis 1-2 brevissiniis, suturali Integra basi arcuata, cooteris iiullis ; mesosterno stria marginali interrupta ; tibiis anticis mulL- denticulatis. L. 3|-I mill. 321 new Species of Ilistci'icla3. Oval, brassy and sinning ; the head densely punctate, stria obsolete ; the thorax broadly rngose-piinctate hiterally, and narrowly at the base, smooth behind the head anfl on the disc, lateral edge with flavons hair; the elytra, humeral angle smooth, striae 1-2 basal and very short, interstices strigose, sutural stria complete with an arcuate basal extension, the other striae are wanting, the flavous band has a lob^- shaped outline on the sutural disc and extends to the outer margin, anteriorly it is obtusely pointed on the inner side of the second stria (see fig. 9) ; the pygidium is somewhat closely but not densely punctate ; the prosternum bistriate ; the niesosternum evenly not closely punctured, with the marginal stria interrupted in the middle ; the anterior tibiae have 12-13 small teeth. This species differs from E. flavop ictus, Lew., in the thorac'c band of punctures not continuing behind the head ; in the form of the flavous band it is most similar to hisignatus, Er. Hab, Chubut, Patagonia. Many examples. As the elytral markings are fairly constant in these species 1 give outlines of the patterns oi E.zonaUs (tig. jlavopictus (fig. 10), Lew., decoratus(f\g. 11) and hisignatus (fig. 12), Er., as an aid to their identification. Fig. 9. Fig. 10, Fig. 11. Fig. 12. GnafJionciis hrevisternus, sp. n. Ovalis, convexiusculus, nitidns ; fronte parum convexa, parco punctulata ; elytris striis 1-4 dorsalibus dimidiatis, 4 })asi crenata ad suturam continuata ; prosterno striis brevibiis antice obtuse coeimtibus. L. 2| mill. Oval, rather convex, black and shining; the head, forehead slightly convex, almost smooth, punctures being fine and sparse; the thorax clearly punctured laterally, punctures niuch finer on the disc, stria interrupted anteriorly, scutellar fovea well-marked; the elytra, striae 1-4 dimidiate, iriner stri^ gradually shorter, 4 continues along the base to the suture as a crenellate stria, sutural wanting; the pygidia finely and evenly not densely punctulate ; the prosteinum, 322 ]\Ir. A. S. Hirst on a striae are very distinctly sliorter and wider npart than those of G . na7inetensis, Mars., and rotandatus^ Kiigel, and meet more obtusely in front. Except for the characters given above this species is similar to 7'otundatus. I Jab. Yunnan. XXXVIII. — On a neio Species r>/ Karschia Tibet. I3y A. S. Hirst. Karschia tibetana^ sp. n. S . — Colour. Cephalic and thoracic segments pale yellow, the cephalic plate being tinged with brown in the anterior and lateral parts ; ocular tubercle dark. Abdomen greyish white ; the tergal plates black ; ventral surface of this part of the body marked laterally with a longitudinal series of dark spots. Dorsal surface of mandible ornamented with three dark longitudinal stripes ; tibia, metatarsus, and tarsus of ])alp, together with tl.e corresponding segments of the fourth leg, infuscate dorsally, the remaining segments of these appendages and the other legs being light yellow in colour or but little darkened. Mandible. Edge of upper finger of mandible with thirteen teeth; the first, tliird, fourth, sixth, seventh, ninth, tenth, and eleventh from the anterior end being of rather large size, the others small. Lower finger bearing five teeth, of which the posterior three are minute. The two main bristles of the inner side of the mandible are long, slender, and provided throughout the greater part of their length with a ventral row of minute hairs, which are absent from the basal part (fig. 2). Flagellum long and spiral, retained in position by a hook or thorn placed above it and by a long whip-like seta below ; a small spine present on the lower surface towards the terminal portion, which is long and very slender ; otherwise the flagellum is smooth (fig. 2). Palp. Tarsus and metatarsus of palp furnished below with long and slender thorns, which are six in number in the case of the tarsus. Metatarsus on the inner side with many minute tufted hairs. Abdomen. Third abdominal segment with many (over twenty on each side) setae arranged in several irregular rows towards the hinder edge of the ventral surface. Posterior 323 new Species of from Tibet, margin of fourth abdominal segment with a single row of nineteen long and slender setae. Ocular tubercle beset anteriorly with numerous bristles, several of which are of fairly great length, the chief of these being a pair of diverging and upwardly directed bristles, situated near the summit of the tubercle. Fig. 1. Fig. 1 . — Left mandible of $ from the outside. Fig. 2. — Eight mandible of (S from the inside. Measurements in mm. Length of mandible (finger incl.) 5*25, of palp 24-5, of first leg 18*5, of second leg 15, of third leg 20, of fourth leg 30, of cephalic plate 2*5 ; total length (mandible incl.) about 19; breadth of mandible (at base) 2, of cephalic plate 4. ? . — Mandible. Teeth of upper finger of mandible fifteen in number, the fourth and eighth from the anterior end beino- of large size; first, third, seventh, and tenth fairly large”; second, sixth, and ninth small, and the fifth granular; the 324 Mr. G. A. Boulanger on row of teetli divides after the tenth into two branches, an outer of two and an inner of tliree denticles. Lower finger of mandible provided with two teeth of large size, the first of which is preceded b)^ three or four small denticles, the two large teeth being separated from one another by three teeth, of which the median one is minute ; posterior enlarged tooth followed by three small teeth (fig. 1). Abdomen. Ventral surface of fourth abdominal segment furnished posteriorly with a fringe of nineteen long set^e. Palp. Tarsus and metatarsus of palp provided with a few long hairs ; thorns absent. Size. The female is of much larger size than the male, which has appendages of greater length. Measurements in mm. Length of mandible (finger inch) 7, of palp 21’5, of first leg 16’7e5, of second leg 13‘75, of third leg 18, of fourth leg 24*5, of cephalic plate 3*5 ; total length 24 ; breadth of mandible (at base) 3, of cephalic plate 6. Ilah. Fourteen males and five females of this species were collected by Captain H. J. Walton, I.M.S., at Gyantse, Tibet, in the year 1904, Remarks. Allied to K. nasuta^ from which it apparently differs in the disposition and size of the teeth of the man- dibular fingers, in the slenderness of the terminal portion of the flagellum, and in the absence of the tooth which is situated antero-dorsally towards the inner side of the upper finger of the mandible in K. nasuta. The female differs from that of persica., which is the only other species of this genus in which this sex is known, in that the ventral surface of the fourth abdominal segment is provided with nineteen long setre on the hinder edge. It is necessary to state that I have not been able to examine specimens of the two species mentioned above. XXXIX. — Descriptions of Three new Snakes discovered hi/ Mr. G. L. Bates in South Cameroon. By G. A. Boulenger, F.R.S. Jbisijpeltis macrops. Eye larger than in I). sc(d)ra. Rostral nearly twice as broad as deep, just visible from above ; internasals as long as ora little shorter than the ])r0efrontals ; frontal a little longer 325 new Snakes from South Cameroon. than broad, longer than its distance from the end of the snout, as long as or a little shorter than the parietals ; one prse- and two postoculars ; two superposed temporals, followed by keeled scales-; seven upper labials, third and fourth entering the eye ; a pair of large chin-shields, followed by a smaller pair or by the first ventral shield. Scales in 20 to 23 rows, the smaller oblique lateral scales with serrated keel reduced to two or three series. Ventrals 237-239 ; anal entire ; subcaudals 79. Olive above, with very indistinct yellowish cross-bars on the baek ; upper surface of head with black vermiculations ; belly plumbeous grey or olive-grey, more or less speckled with blackish. Total length 900 mm. Two specimens, ^ (Sc. 20; V. 239; C. 79) and ? (Sc. 23 ; V. 237 ; C. ?), from Efulen. The larger size of the eye, combined with the low number of scales and the coloration, induces me to regard this snake as specifically distinct from any of the numerous forms of Dasy'peltis hitherto described. In the larger ( $ ) specimen (900 mm.) the head measures 25 mm. and the eye 4 ; in the smaller (d') specimen (765 mm.) the head measures 18 mm. and the eye 4. In adult specimens of D. scabra the eye measures only 3 mm. Dipsadohoa isolepis. Rostral a little broader than deep, just visible from above ; internasals a little broader than long, half as long as the prsefrontals ; frontal a little longer than broad, as long as its distance from the end of the snout, shorter than the parietals ; loreal deeper than long ; one praeocular, forming a suture with the frontal ; two postoculars ; temporals 1 + 2 ; eight upper labials, third, fourth, and fifth entering the eye ; six lower labials in contact with the anterior chin-shields, which are longer than the posterior. Scales in 19 rows, not oblique, vertebrals scarcely enlarged. Ventrals 199 ; anal entire ; subcaudals 56. Blackish grey above and under the tail ; upper lip and lower surface of head and body yellowish white. Total length 435 mm. ; tail 70. A single female specimen from Efulen. This species connects the genera Dipsadohoa and Leptodira. Aparallactus Baiesii, Diameter of eye greater than its distance from the oral margin. Rostral a little broader than deep, the portion Ann. &; Mag. N. Hist. Ser. 7. Vol. xix. 23 326 Mr. E. E. Austen on the Synonymy and visible from above nearly half as long as its distance from the frontal; internasals much shorter than the prsefrontals ; frontal once and a half as long as broad, longer than its distance from the end of the snout, shorter than the parietals ; nasal divided, in contact with the piseocular ; two post- oculars, lower very small, upper in contact with the fifth and sixth upper labials ; a single temporal; seven upper labials, third and fourth entering the eye, sixth largest and forming a long suture with the parietal ; first lower labial in contact with its fellow behind the syrnphysial ; two pairs of chin- shields, posterior longer. Scales in 15 rows. Ventrals 145 ; anal entire ; subcaudals 48. Snout and upper parts of body blackish, upper lip and back of head yellowish, lower parts yellowish white. Total length 235 mm.; tail 40. A single female specimen from the forest 5 miles inland of Kribi, XL. — Synonymy and Generic Position of certain Species of Muscidse (sens, lat.) in the Collection of the British Museum^ described by the late Francis Walker. By Ernest E. Austen. Although nothing in the shape of general interest can be claimed for the following notes, it is hoped that they may at any rate prove useful to compilers of catalogues who wish to avoid a long list of unidentified Walkerian species, chiefly at the end of the genus Tachina. Even with the types before him the present writer has often found it a matter of great difficulty to assign Walker’s species of Muscidse to their proper genera, owing to tlie fact that the species are almost invariably based upon single specimens, usually in very poor condition. It would have taken far too long to correct the manifold inaccuracies and imperfections of the original descriptions, and in the majority of cases no attempt has been made to do so. As proving that Walker described the specimen, and not the species, the characters of which he was generally incapable of grasping, it may be mentioned that he is responsible for no fewer than eleven synonyms of the well-known Eiitachina rustica, Mg., the description in every case being based upon a single specimen. The present paper contains but a first instalment of notes upon Walker’s species of Muscidae, since it is hoped to deal with other species in a similar manner at a later date. 327 Generic Position of certain Musciilaj. Phasia argentifrons (List Dipt. Ins. in Coll. Brit. Mus. part iv. (1849) p. 691. — Interior of South Africa). — This species may be assigned provisionally to the genus Hijalomyia, Kob.-Desv., though possibly it should be transferred to yet another genus : the posterior transverse vein is nearer to the bend of the fourth vein than to the small transverse vein. Ocgptera picta {ibid. p. 695. — Sierra Leone). — Apparently belongs to ParalophosiUj Br. & v. Berg. Trichopoda lateralis {ibid. p. 697. — Brazil). — Belongs to Homogenia, v. d. Wulp. Trixa apicalis {ibid. p. 699. — Locality unknown) = Microphthalma disju7icta, AVied. Tachina melanax {ibid. p. 700. — Venezuela) is a Pejeaniay Rob.-Desv. Tachina alterna and T. aurifera {ibid. pp. 701-702. — Venezuela) belong to Saundersia, Schin. Tachina diversa {ibid. p. 703. — Venezuela) = Saundersia ornata, Macq. {Micropalpus ornatus, Macq. Dipt. Exot. ii. 3, p. 47). Tachina ceciuabilis and T. constans* {ibid. pp. 704-705. — Venezuela), as also T. transiens {ibid. p. 706. — Quito, Ecuador), T. alligans {ibid. p. 713. — Venezuela), T. leuco- melana’\ {ibid. p. 714. — Locality unknown), and T. con- traria J {ibid. p. 716. — Mexico) belong to Saundersia, Schin. Tachina notata, T. varia, T. lativitta, and T. vittata (Insecta Saundersiana. — Diptera, pp. 267, 268, 269, 273. — Colombia), and T. iransversa [ibid. p. 274. — Brazil) belong to Saundersia. Tachina signata (List Dipt. Ins. in Coll. Brit. Mus. part iv. (1849) p. 709. — Locality unknown §) is a Hystricia, Macq. Tachina zelica {ibid. p. 711. — New Zealand). — As stated by Hutton (Trans. N. Zealand Institute, vol. xxxiii. (1901) p. 51), this is a synonym of Hystricia {Musca) lupina, * Saundersia nigropilosa, v. d. Wulp (Biol. Centr, -Americana, Diptera, ii p. 23. — Mexico ; Costa Rica), is a synonym of this species : it may also be noted that S. bipartita, v. d. Wulp {ibid. p. 25. — Mexico) = S. bicolor, Will. t Saundersia unicolor, v. d. Wulp {pp, cit. p. 23. — Mexico), is a synonym of this species. The palpi” of Walker’s description are really pollinia of a flower ! J Saundersia ruf tibia, v. d. Wulp {op. cit. p. 24. — Mexico), is a synonym of this species. § The species is from New Zealand, and Hystricia pachyprocta, Nowicki (Beitr. zur Kenntn, Diptf. Neu-Seelands (1875), p. 25), is a synonym. 23* 328 Mr. E. E. Austen on the Synonymij and Svederus (K. Vet.-Akad. Nya Handl. viii. (1787) p. 289) : according to Svederus, the type of the species is in Mus. Dom. Banks/-’ but it is not now to be found in the Banksian Collection. Tachina patula (JMd. p. 712. — Locality unknown) is a Hystricia. The face is hairy. Tachina anthemon [ibid. p. 733. — Brazil), T. amisias {ibid. p. 734. — Locality unknown), T. epileuca [ibid. p. 716. — Jamaica), and T. caliginosa (Ins. Saund. — Dipt. p. 268. — Brazil) belong to the genus Hystricia. In H. epileuca the face is hairy : H. amisias is possibly a synonym of H. an- themon, but in the type of the former species, which is the only specimen in the Museum, the macrochsetse near the ront margin of the second abdominal segment are differently disposed. Echinomyia furiosa (Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. iv. (1858) p. 194. — Rio Grande, Brazil) is a Hystricia : the face is hairy. Tachina busalis^ (List Dipt. Ins. &c. pait iv. p. 713. — Jamaica) is a Jurinia, Rob.-Desv. Tachina decisa [ibid. p. 715. — Hudson’s Bay, Nova Scotia) is a Jurinia', J. punctata, v. d. Wulp (Biol. Centr.- Americana, Diptera, ii. p. 468. — Mexico) is a synonym of this species. Tachina iterans [ibid. p. 727. — Nova Scotia) = Peleteria tessellata, Eahr. The statement that there are no bristles on the side of the face is precisely the opposite of the fact ; the same remark applies to the same statement in the case of Tachina punctif era [ibid. p. 728. — Massachusetts), which, as recorded by Coquillett (Revision of the Tachinidse of America North of Mexico. U.S. Dept, of Agriculture. Division of Entomology. Technical Series, no. 7 (1897), p. 141), is likewise a synonym of P. tessellata, Eabr. Tachina sacontala [ibid. p. 728. — Nepaul) apparently = Tachina fera, Linn. Tachina orbilius [ibid. p. 736. — England) = flavipes, Mg., ? . Tachina. mesula [ibid. p. 737. — England) = Demoticus plebejus, Fin. * Jurinia adusta, v. d. Wulp [op. cit. p, 28. — Mexico), is very closely allied to this species; but in the former the antennae, especially the third joints, are more reddish beneath and not wholly dark, and the dorsum of the thorax is more yellowish pollinose in front. 329 Generic Position of certain MusciJse. Tachina crisia [ibid, p. 738. — England) = Ernestia (Eri- gone) radicum, F. Tachina tyche [ibid. p. 738. — England) and T. amphiro [ibid. p. 749. — England) = Blepharidea vulgaris, Fin. Tachina megaleas [ibid. p. 739. — England), T.pitho [ibid. p. 740. — England), T, admete {ibid. p. 743. — England), T. pamesos [ibid. p. 744. — England), T. medoacus [ibid. p. 746. — England), T. telestho, T. cerceis [ibid. p. 747. — England), T. philonis and T. nymphidius {ibid. p. 751. — England) rustica, Mg. Tachina separata (Insecta Britannica. — Diptera, ii. p. 67 (1853). — England) devia, Fin. Tachina lucifera (Insecta Saundersiana. — Diptera, pt. iv. (1852) p. 282. — Locality ?) perhaps belongs to the Section Blepharipoda, Br. & v. Berg., but the writer is at present unable to determine its proper genus with certainty. Tachina inornata and T. nervosa (Trans. Linn. Soc. Lond. xvii. (1836) p. 349. — Cape Gregory and Port Famine, Strait of Magellan) belong to the Section Pscudodexia, Br. & von Berg., near the genus Macquartia, Rob.-Desv. The eyes are bare, or but faintly pubescent, and the face and arista are also bare. The face has a distinct keel and the jowls {Backen) descend posteriorly. The types of both species are males. The two species are very similar in appearance and extremely closely allied ; in T. inornata, however, the palpi and tibiae are orange and the last joint of the tarsi is ochraceous, while on the underside of tlie abdomen there is a long and very prominent tuft of stiff black hair on either side of the hypopygium. In T. nervosa the palpi are black, the tibiae blackish at the extremities, and the anal hair-tufts are wanting. Tachina piceiventris [ibid. p. 350. — S. America ; precise locality uncertain) is a Masicera. Tachina trifasciata [ibid. p. 350. — S. America ; precise locality uncertain) belongs to the “ Section’^ Masicera, Br. & von Berg. A new genus will probably have to be foundea for this species, differing from Ceromasia, Rond., in the narrowness of the body, the depth of the jowls being only one-sixth of that of the eyes, the long and slender arista, and the third vein being setigerous nearly as far as the small transverse vein. Tachina albifrons [ibid. p. 351. — S. America; precise locality uncertain) is a Sisyropa, Br. & von Berg. 330 Mr. E. E. Austen on the Synonymy and Tachina chrysocephala [ibid. p. 351. — S. America; precise locality uncertain) is a Vhoroceray Rob.-Desv. Tachina basalis [ibid. p. 351. — Port Famine, Strait of Magellan) belongs to the Section Phorocera, Br. & v. Berg., and ap])arently to a new genus near ClKstoycedia, Br. & v. Berg. Eyes bare ; depth of jowls, which descend notice- ably behind, equal to half that of the eyes ; facial ridges ciliated to above the middle ; face with a row of bristles (a continuation of the frontal series) which descends nearly to level of lower margin of eye; abdominal macrochsetse discal and marginal ; bend of fourth vein somewhat rounded. Tachina rnaura [ibid. p. 352. — Port Famine, Strait of Magellan) is a synonym of the foregoing species. Tachina atrivcntris (Ins. Saundersiana. — Diptera, pt. iv. (1852) p. 290. — India) is assigned by Walker himself at the commencement of his description to the genus Nemorcea. It is not, however, congeneric with N. pellucida, Mg., and apparently a new genus, possibly referable to the Section P ar am acr onychia, Br. & von Berg., will have to be founded for its reception. — Eyes hairy ; arista bare ; antennae long ; jowls not descending; abdomen thickly clothed with erect hair ; first, second, and third segments with marginal but no discal macrochsetae ; costal spine wanting ; no appendix or Faltenzinke to bend of fourth vein ; claws in male very long. Tachina alia [ibid. p. 293. — India). — The type of this species proved to be an unrecognizable fragment, and has consequently been destroyed. The name should be deleted from van der Wulp^s ‘ Catalogue of the Described Diptera from South Asia.^ Furigaster languida (Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. iv. (1858) p. 198. — India) is a Blepharipoda. Tachina tricincta (Ins. Saundersiana. — Diptera, pt. iv. (1852) p. 301. — India) belongs to the genus Frontina — sens. lat. Br. & von Berg. Masicera incivica (Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. n. ser. v. (1861) p. 305. — Asia. — ? India) is an Aporomyia, Rond. The facial ridges are ciliated to the level of the descending orbital setae — i. e. to above the middle. The length is in- correctly given by Walker as 4, instead of 2 lines. Tachina adusta (Ins. Saundersiana. — Diptera, pt. iv. (1852) p. 292. — India) is a Frontina, Mg. Echinornyia stolida (Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. vol. iv. (1858) Generic Position of certain Muscidse. 331 p. 195. — New South Wales) is the male of Tachina ohtasaj Walk. (Ins. Saund. — Diptera, pt. iv. 1852, p. 274. — New South Wales). .Under the latter name Walker professed to describe both sexes, but the female alone is now to be found in the Museum collection. It is quite possible that the type of E. stolida is really the specimen previously described by Walker as the male of Tachina obtiisa. This species may be assigned provisionally and with doubt to the 'genus Microtropesa, Macq. There is no noticeable keel on the face, and in the female the third joint of the antennae is somewhat square and distinctly shorter than the second (the antennae are wanting in the male), so that the species might be regarded as belonging to the genus Fabricia. The head, however, is rather wide, and in an obviously closely allied blit undescribed species from Tasmania in the Museum collection the third antennal joint is as long as or slightly longer than the second. In both species there is a row of from six to eight small admedian macrochaetae on the margin of the second abdominal segment, which are absent in Microtropesa sinuata^ Don., the typical species of the genus. In general appearance, however, T. obtusa and the species from Tasmania resemble Microtropesa more than Fabricia. Tachina despicienda (Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. n. ser. v. (1861) p. 306. — New South Wales) apparently belongs to the Section'’^ Pyrrhosia, Br. & v. Berg., bat the condition of the typical specimen is such that it is impossible to determine the genus. The first posterior cell is closed at the margin of the wing. Tachina hebes (Ins. Saund. — Dipt. pt. iv. (1852) p. 289. — Tasmania) is not a female as stated by Walker, but the male of Tachina densa {ibid. p. 288. — New South Wales). The species apparently belongs to a new genus near Exorista^ Mg. The antennae are inserted above the level of the middle of the eye; the face is broad and the frontal bristles descend to the level of the arista, while a number of small bristles descend still lower ; the facial ridges are ciliated on the lower third; depth of jowls about one-third of that of the eye ; abdominal macrochaetae only marginal. Eurigaster tasmanice (Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. n. ser. iv. (1858) p. 197. — Tasmania) belongs to a new genus, near Frontinaj Mg., Section Phorocera, Br. & von Berg. : — Eyes hairy ; ocellar bristles wanting; face hairy; oral margin very prominent; abdominal macrochaetae marginal ; claws in male short, as in Frontma. The type is a male, not a female as stated by Walker; the tip of the abdomen (last segment) is dull, not shining as stated in Walker^s description. 332 Mr. E. E. Austen on the Synonymy and Tachina australis (Ins. Saund. — Dipt. pt. iv. (1852) p. 279. — New South Blepharipoda (Tachina) zebina, Walk. Tachina leocrates (List Dipt. Ins. Brit. Mus. pt. iv. p. 475 (1849). — South Africa) is perhaps to be assigned to the genus Brachelia, Rob.-Desv. (Ess. sur les Myod. p. 61) — the type of which is Tachina Westermanni, Wied. (Auss. zw. Ins. ii. p. 291 )_, from the Cape of Good Hope. On the genus Brachelia, cf. Brauer & von Bergenstamm, Denkschr. math.-naturw. Cl. k. Akad. Wiss., Bd. lx. 1893, p. 184. Tachina cassotis (ibid. p. 761. — Sierra Leone). — Head of type wanting ; the species apparently belongs to the genus Rhynchomyia, Rob.-Desv. Tachina verritus (ibid. p. 774. — South Africa) belongs to the Section Phorocera, Br. & von Berg., and may, pro- visionally at any rate, be assigned to the genus Doria (sens'd Rondani) . The statement in Walker’s Latin diagnosis as to the colour of the palpi, antennae, and legs is misleading; in tlie typical specimen (a female) the palpi, so far as it is possible to see them, appear to be brown with yellowish tips ; in a male in the Museum collection from Malvern, Natal, March 1897 (G. A. K. Marshall), and a second male from Leopoldville, Congo Free State, Dec. 13, 1903, In bush’"’ (Drs. Dutton, Todd, ^ Chy'isty), the palpi are entirely yellow ; in both sexes the antennae and legs are black, the front femora greyish beneath. The arista is long and slender, with its second joint greatly elongated in the male; the third vein is bristly nearly to the small transverse vein, and the bend of the fourth vein has a Faltenzinke.” Tachina subaurata (Ins. Saund. — Dipt. pt. iv. (1852) p. 298. — Cape of Good Hope) belongs to the genus Ceromasia, Rond. Tachina ocychus (List Dipt. Ins. Brit. Mus. pt. iv. p. 770 (1849). — Jamaica) is a Frontina, Mg. Tachina basifulva {ibid. p. 725. — Jamaica) is correctly referred by Aldrich (Cat. N. Amer. Diptera, p. 485 (1905)) to the genus Archytas, Jaenn. Tachina infiy^ma (ibid. p. 719. — Chile) is an Archytas, Jaenn. Tachina pilosa (Ins. Saund. — Dipt. pt. iv. (1852) p. 266 (^‘ Musca pilosa‘1 Drury ’’). — S. America) = Archytas hystrix, Eabr. Tachina latij'rons (ibid. p. 284. — S. America), correctly 333 Generic Position of certain Muscidse. referred by Walker himself {loc. cit.) to the genus Blephari- peza, is, as staled hy Aldrich {op. cit. p. 472), a synonym of B. leucophrySy Wied. Tachina coniermina {ibid. p. 285. — S. America) is a Belvosia, and perliaps = {Tachina) atrata, Walk. Tachina divisa {ibid. p. 270. — =■ Archytas analis, Fahr. Tachina apicalis {ibid. p. 245. — California : — not Colum- bia,^'’ as stated by Walker) = robnsta, Wied. Trixal sejuncta (Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. iv. (1858) p. 200. — Cape of Good Hope) belongs to the genus Dexiosoma^ Rond. Microphthalma capensis, Schin. (Reise Novara. — Diptera, p. 322), is a synonym of this species. Echinomyia albiceps (Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. n. ser. v. (1860) p. 295. — Brazil) is an Archytas^ near A. (Tachina) basifulva, Walk. Echinomyia ludens {ibid. — Brazil) is devoid of palpi. The species would be a Saundersia but for the fact of the presence of a strong bristle on the face on each side, just above the level of the bottom of the eye. The same character is exhibited by Saundersia truncaticornis , v. d. Wulp, from Panama, and a new genus in the near vicinity of Saundersia will probably be needed for these two species. In Walker’s species the front tarsi are not expanded in the female, although they are in S. truncaticornis. Tachina similis (Ins. Saund. — Dipt. pt. iv. (1852) p. 266. — New South Wales) apparently belongs to the genus Chcet- ophthalmus, Br. & von Berg. (Denkschr. math.-naturw. Cl. k. Akad. Wiss., Bd. Iviii. (1891) p. 383). — Section^’ Micro- palpus, Br. & von Berg. So far as can be seen from the type, which is in very poor condition, the palpi are entirely wanting. Tachina basalis {ibid. p. 281. — Locality unknown) is an Aporia, Macq., near A. {Macquartia) venusta, v. d. Wulp. Tachina vulgata {ibid. p. 300. — S. America). The head of the type is wanting, and since this species, like the majority of those described by Walker, is based upon a single specimen, it is impossible to be certain as to the genus. From Walker’s description of the head, however, tfie species would appear to belong to the genus Phorocera, Rob.-Desv. Masicera longiuscida (Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. iv. (1858) p. 198.— S. America). — Section ■” Phorocera, Br. & von llcrg. : genus uncertain. 331: Mr. E. E. x\usten on the Synonijmi/ and Tachina chrysotelus (Tns. Saund. — Dipt. iv. (1852) p. 296. — Brazil) = Tachina tincta, Walk. [ihid. p. 287). The species is a Phorocera with the abdominal macrochaetae confined to the margins of the segments. The Museum collection contains a female of this species from Santa Catharina, Brazil (Crowley Bequest). Tachina compacta (ibid. p. 294. — Brazil) is a Blepharipoda^ Br. & von Berg. : Masicera alacris, Walk. (Trans. Ent. Soc. Loud, new ser. vol. v. (1861) p. 301) is a synonym of this species. Tachina scita (Ins. Saund. — Dipt. iv. (1852) j). 302. — Brazil). — Tlie type is a female, not a male as stated by Walker. The face is slightly hairy; the lower anterior angle of the third joint of the antenna is somewhat prominent ; the facial ridges are ciliated on rather less than the lower half ; the abdomen has only marginal macrochaetse, and the second and third segments are serrate below. — Genus uncertain : Section Pseiidodexia, Br. & von Berg., near Decodes, Br. & von Berg., and Gymnostylia, Br. & von Berg. (?zec Macq.) ; Aldrich (Cat. N. Amer. Dipt.) the species is probably a Masicera. Tachina sordida (ibid. p. 297. — S. America). — Genus uncertain ; Section Pseudodexia, Br. & von Berg. ? — The type is a male, not a female as stated by Walker; the palpi are orange, not “ black. The vibrissfu are well above the oral margin, and the jowls descend considerably behind; the abdominal macrochsetse are confined to the margins of the segments. Tachina umbrifera (ibid. p. 294. — Brazil). — Genus im- certain, possibly new ; near Ptilodeyeeria, Br. & von Berg. (^^ Section Pseudodexia, V>\\ & von Berg ). Eyes bare; jowls somewhat descending behind ; abdominal macrochaetae only marginal, Tachina cincta (ibid. p. 303. — Brazil). — The type (a male, not a female as stated by Walker) is in poor condition, since the abdomen has been damaged. The species belongs to the Section Pseudodexia, Br. & von Berg. ; genus uncertain, perhaps new; near Degeeria, Mg., but the facial ridges are bare, and the arista is pubescent. Tachina squamata (ibid. p. 279. — Colombia) apparently belongs to the genus Lepidodexia, Br. & von Berg. (Deukschr. math.-naturw. Cl. k. Akad. Wiss., Bd. Iviii. (1891) p. 379) ; however, in the type, at any rate, the bristles on the third vein do not extend quite so far as halfway between the 335 Generic Position of certain Museidse. base and the small transverse vein. Walker^s alulae/^ in the description of this and other species^ are in reality the sqnamse. Tachina tincta (ibid. p. 287. — Brazil) is a Phorocera. — Vide supra, under T. chrysotelus. Tachina atratula {ibid. p. 305. — Brazil) is a Phorocera. Tachina ruficornis (ibid. p. 304. — S. America) is a Chryso- tachina, Br. & von Berg. The Museum collection contains two specimens of this species from Atoyac and Teapa, Mexico (presented by Messrs. Godman ^ Salvin), which were assigned by van der M^ulp (Biol. Centr. Amer., Dipt.^ Suppl. p. 480) to Gymnochceta alcedo, Lw. Sarcophaga parva {ibid. p. 321. — Para^ Brazil) is not a Sarcophaga. The species should perhaps be assigned to the Section Paramacr onychia, Br. & von Berg.^ but the type and solitary representative is in such poor condition that it is impossible to be certain as to the genus. The face is narrow and somewhat receding, otherwise the species might perhaps be regarded as allied to the genus Sphixapata, Rond. Tachina candens (List Dipt. Ins. Brit. Mus. iv. (1849J p. 720. — Nova Scotia) is an Archytas. M^alker^s name is given by Aldrich (Cat. N. Amer. Diptera, p. 486) as a synonym of Archytas {Jurinia) lateralis, Macq., but at any rate the type is not conspecific with specimens in the Museum collection determined as belonging to the latter species by Prof. Tyler Townsend ; the pile on the face in WalkeCs type is golden yellow instead of black, the second, third, and fourth joints of the front tarsi are much more expanded, and the ])ollinose covering of the thorax and scutellum is denser and deeper yellow. It may be noted, however, that according to Macquart the pile on the face of A. lateralis is white Face d’un jaune pale, a duvet blanc^^), so that Townsend’s identification is probably incorrect. Tachina speculifera {ibid. p. 731. — N. America), of which the type is a female, is a Micropalpus, Macq. {Linncemyia, Rob.-Desv.), near M. pictus. Mg. In neither of these species are the palpi reduced to mere stumps. Tachina degenera (ibid. p. 732. — Hudson’s Bay) is an Ernestia, Rob.-Desv. Contrary to Walker’s statement, the eyes are hairy. Tachina melobosis (ibid. p. 743. — Florida) is a Phorocera , 33G Mr. E. E. Austen on the Synonymy and Rob.-Desv. : syn. Tachina addita, Walk. (Ins. Saund. — Dipt, iv. (1852) p. 290) j as correctly stated by Coquillett & Aldrich. Tachina dydas {ibid. p. 748. — Hudson^s = Eutachina rustica, Mg. Tachina masurins (ibid. p. 753. — N. America) is an Accmyia, Rob.-Desv._, apparently distinct from A. dentata, Coq., and A. tibialis, Coq. Tachina clesides {ibid. p. 757. — N. America) is a Phori- chmta, Rond. P. tricincta, Rond. (Dipt. Ital. Prodr. iv. (1861) p. 103), described from Italy, is apparently a synonym of this species. Tachina hybreas (ibid. p. 785. — Hudson’s Bay). — The head of the type is missing : discal as well as marginal raacro- chsetse are present on the abdomen, and the species may perhaps be referred provisionally to Ceromasia, — sensiX Br. & von Berg. Tachma epicydes (ibid. p. 786. — Hudson’s Bay). — Genus Exorista : Walker's name is given by Aldrich (op. cit. p. 455) as a synonym of Exorista (Tachina) affinis, Fin., but the shape of the third joint of the antenna in Walker's type does not agree with Fallen’s description. Jurinia innovata (Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. new ser. vol. v. (1861) p. 296. — Mexico) is doubtfully referred by Aldrich (op. cit. p. 486) to Archytds, but does not belong to that genus, in spite of the fact that the proboscis is slender and polished, with small labella. The sp cies must apparently be assigned to the Seetion ” Erigonc, Br. & von Berg., in which a new genus will probably have to be founded for it near Ernestia, Rob.-Desv. (Erigonc, olim'). The head is proportionately somewhat small; eyes bare; face hairy; second joint of antennse somewhat elongate ; palpi small and slender, orange, not black as stated by Walker; third vein bristly for rather more than half the distance from the base to the small transverse vein. Tachina atra (Ins. Saund. — Dipt iv. (1852) p. 273. — Georgia) is correctly given by Aldrich (op. cit. p. 485) as a synonym of Archytas aterrima, Rob.-Desv. Masicera expergita (Trans. Ent. Soc Lond. new ser. vol. v. (1861) p. 304. — Mexico) is a Degeeria, Mg. (Medina of Aldrich’s Catalogue), of whieh Degeeria longipes, v. d. Wulp, from comparison of the types, is a synonym. Apud V. d. Wulp (Biol. Centr.-Amer.j Dipt., Suppl. p. 485) 7). longipes is a synonym of D. (Oglisa) nigrifacies, Big. 337 Generic Position of certain Muscidte. (Ann. Soc. Eut. Fr. 1888, p. 268). — The facial ridges in Walker’s type are not bare, as stated by Walker, but are somewhat sparsely ciliated up to the middle. Masicera gentica (ibid. p. 302. — Mexico) apparently belongs to Ceromasia^ — sensu Br. & von Berg. The type is now a mere fragment. Tachina ancilla (Ins, Saund. — Dipt. iv. (1852) p. 299. — United States) is correctly assigned by Coquillett (Rev. Tachinidae, p. 106) to the genus Frontina, Mg. Eurigaster saginata (Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. n. ser. v. (1861) p. 298. — Mexico) does not belong to Exorista, to which it is referred by Aldrich (op. cit. p. 459). The head of the type is missing^ and the genus must therefore remain uncertain, but the species must apparently be assigned to the Section ” Plagia^ Br. & von Berg. — Costal spine wanting; third vein bristly as far as the small transverse vein ; posterior transverse vein much more oblique than the apical portion of the fourth vein, which is very abruptly bent up ; bend of fourth vein with a very small appendix ; abdominal macrochsetae marginal. Tachina ampelus (List Dipt. Ins. Brit.^ Mus. iv. (1849) p. 732. — Nova Scotia) is an Ernestia (Panzeria of Coquillett & Aldrich), but is not synonymous with radicum, Fabr., as erroneously stated by the American writers. — It would appear from the fact that specimens of another species in the Museum collection, from Vernon, British Columbia, April to May, 1902 (^Miss Ricardo), were determined by Coquillett as Panzeria radicum, Fabr.,” but have in reality nothing to do with that species, that the interpretation of Musca radicum, Fabr., by American authors is incorrect. Miss Ricardo’s species is one of two species of Ernestia obtained by her at the same locality, and both remarkable for the smallness of the eyes. The species wrongly identified by Coquillett has the abdomen unicolorous shining bronze- black, while in the other the second, third, and fourth segments have a pollinose band in front. Tachina aids [ibid. p. 710. — Locality unknown) — - Hystricia (Tachina) signata, W^alk. (op. cit. p. 709), from New Zealand. Tachina metallifera (ibid. p. 717. — Locality unknown) is an Archytas. Tachina damippus (ibid, p. 719. — Locality according to the List ” unknown, but from a label on the specimen— Archytas analis, Fabr. 338 Mr. K. E. Austen on the Synonymy and Tachina carbonifera [ibid. p. 721. — Locality unknown) is an Archytas, and apparently = ^. [Tachina) metallifera, Walk. Tachina fimbriata [ibid. p. 724. — Locality unknown) is a true Tachina^ Mg. {sensu Meigen and Br. & von Berg.). The species is very likely from India, since it is closely allied to Tachina nitida, Walk. Tachina pagasus {ibid. p. 750. — Locality unknown) = Eutachina rustical Mg. Tachina thyamis [ibid. p. 756. — Locality unknown). — The specimen in the Museum collection which figured as the type of this species did not agree with Walker’s description; the name must therefore be cancelled as unrecognizable. Tachina thyamis [ibid. p. 771. — Locality unknown) = Pelatachina tibialis, Fin. T'achina enarette [ibid. p. 758. — Locality unknown). — The type is a mere fragment and the species consequently unrecognizable. Tachina nysas [ibid. p. 758. — Locality unknown) is a Rhynchomyia, Rob.-Desv. Tachina petalus [ibid. p. 759. — Locality unknown) is also a Rhynchomyia. Tachina segonax [ibid. p. 762. — Locality unknown). — Genus uncertain : near Xysta, Mg. Tachina sosicles [ibid. p. 772. — Locality unknown) is apparently a Frontina. 31ie type is in very poor condition. WalkeFs statement “sides of the face without bristles is precisely the opposite of the fact. Tachina otichestus [ibid. p. 773. — Locality unknown) belongs to the genus Bothria, Bond, [sensil Br. & von Berg.). Tachina nepia [ibid. p. 774. — Locality unknown) = Baumhaueria goniceformis, Mg. Tachina ipsea [ibid. p. 776. — Locality unknown). — Genus uncertain ; resembles Metopia in venation, except that the ])Osterior transverse vein is much more oblique ; front not prominent; sides of face but little receding, fringed nearly to level of base of third joint of antennae with stout sparsely- set bristles ; jowls narrow. This species has been placed near Metopia in the Museum collection. Tachina opiter [ibid. p. 776. — France) belongs to the genus Sisyropa, Br. & von Berg., and perhaps=8. ['Tachina) excisa, Fin. 'Tachina calliphon [;ibid. p. 777.— Locality according to 339 Generic Position of certain MusciJaj. the List unknown; the type, however, bears a small label with the word Picton on it, and so is presumably from either New S.outh Wales or Canada). — Apparently an Exorista-, the type, which is accompanied by its puparium, is in very poor eondition. Tachina scotinus [ibid. p. 742. — Loeality unknown) is apparently a Pseudo pachystylum,, Wlk. (Wien. ent. Z. x. (1891) p. 208). — The arista, however, is not geniculate, although its second joint is elongate ; the face, except next the eyes, is very bristly to the level of the bottom of the eyes, but its sides are not fringed with bristles as stated by Walker. Tachina broteas (ibid. p. 763. — England) is a Thryptocera, probably T. pilipennis, Fin. Tachina rhmo (ibid, p, 778. — Locality unknown) is a Masicera. Tachina cymelus [ibid. p. 790. ^Locality unknown) is a Blepharipoda, Br. & von Berg. Phorocera expellens (Journ. Proc. Linn. Soc. v. (1860) p. 155. — Amboyna) is an Exorista. Nemoraa tenebrosa (ibid. iv. (1860) p. 123. — Macassar, Celebes) belongs to the Seetioii Blepharipoda, Br. & von Berg., and is apparently allied to the genus Cteno- phoroCera, Br. & von Berg. (Denkschr. math.-naturw. Cl. k. Akad. Wiss., Bd. Iviii. (1891) p. 312), so far as can be judged from the deseription of the latter. In the type (a male, not a female as stated by Walker), and in another male from Macassar [Wallace), the tirst and second abdo- minal segments are totally devoid of macrochsetse in the middle line ; a female from the same locality, however, has a pair of marginal macrochsetse on the second segment. The hind tibice, not the hind femora as stated by Walker, are strongly ciliated. The second joint of the antennae is somewhat elongated, and the ciliation of the facial ridges, consisting of fine bristles, extends to the level of the base of the third joint. Nemoraa postulans [ibid. v. (1861) p. 240. — Dorey, New Guinea) is an Exorista. The abdomen is narrow, and the wings are narrow and elongate. Masicera vicaria [ibid. i. (1857) p. 20. — Singapore) is a Sisyropa, Br. & von Berg. Masicera guttata [ibid. iii. (1859) p. 99.— Aru Is.). — Genus uncertain, Section Phorocera, Br. & von Berg. Contrary 340 ]\[r. r]. E. Austen on the Synonymy and to Walker’s statement, the faeial ridges are eiliated to rather above the middle ; eyes bare ; arista minutely pubescent to just beyond the middle ; abdominal macrochaetae discal and marginal ; first posterior cell opening close to tip of wing. — An examination of the type of M. guttata shows that the “ row of white dots along each side on the fore borders of the segments ” of the abdomen are really transverse silvery bands, which are interrupted and become more or less obsolete in the median dorsal region : the depth of the band on the fourth segment is twice that of the bands on the second and third segments. Masicera horrens {ibid. iv. (1860) p. 124. — Macassar, Celebes) may be referred, at least provisionally, to the genus Trichohjga, Rond. The second joint of the antennae IS not noticeably elongated, but the bend of the fourth vein has a long Faltenzinkey This species presents a strong superficial resemblance to Masicera morio, Dol., but may be distinguished at once by its hairy eyes. Masicera sarcophagata (ibid. vii. (1864) p. 235. — Ceram) may provisionally be referred to Eutachina, Br. & von Berg., but a new genus near Eutachina will perhaps have to be founded for its reception, since the second joint of the arista is not elongated, while the third joint is long and tapering and not noticeably incrassated towards the base ; the oral margin, too, is not at all prominent. Masicera dotata (ibid. iv. (1860) p. 123. — Macassar, Celebes) belongs to the Section ” Pseudodexia and Sub- Section ” Thelaira, Br, & von Berg., where a new genus allied to Thelaira will doubtless have to be founded for its recep- tion.— Walker’s statements are misleading in some respects. The eyes are hairy, the arista pubescent ; facial ridges ciliated with stout bristles on the lower third ; one or two stout bristles on the jowds beneath the eyes ; orbital setae stout in the $ (S as yet unknown) ; abdominal macrochsetae discal and marginal ; third vein bristly almost to small transverse vein, other veins bare ; bend of fourth vein abrupt, deeply incurved, with an appendix. Masicera immersa (ibid. p. 124. — Macassar, Celebes) is a Blepharipoda, Br. & von Berg., and —B. (Tachina) ophirica, Walk. Masicera mysolana (ibid. vii. (1864) p. 213. — Mysol, E. Indian Archipelago) is the ? of Exorista (Nemorcsa) postulans, Walk. 341 Generic Position of certain Mu^ciJa’. Masicera manifesta {ibid. v. (1870) p. 154. — Amboyna) is an Exorista. Phorocera convertens {ibid. v. (1861) p. 240. — Dorey, New Guinea) is apparently the ? of Masicera notabilis^ Walk. {ibid. iii. p. 97), described from the Aru Is. This species may be left provisionally in the genus Masicera, although from its general facies, and especially its elongate shape, it can scarcely be congeneric with Masicera sylvatica, Fin., the type of the genus. Masicera prominens {ibid. v. (1860) p. 155. — Amboyna) may be allowed to remain, at least for the present, in the genus Masicera. Masicera (?) tentata {ibid. iii. (1859) p. 98. — Aru Is.) apparently belongs to a new genus of the Section*’^ Pseudo- dexia, Sub-Section Thelaira, Br. & von Berg., allied to Thelaira, Rob.-Desv. The arista is pubescent on its basal half; the third vein haa a few bristles at the base, the other veins are bare. Masicera solemnis {ibid. p. 98. — Aru Is.) is a Blepharipoda, Br. & von Berg., closely allied to and perhaps identical with B. {Tachina) ophirica, Walk. Masicera simplex {ibid. p. 99. — Aru Is.) may be allowed to remain for the present in the genus Masicera. Masicera ? ficta {ibid. v. (1861) p. 286. — Batchian, Molucca Is.) : head of type now missing ; true genus uncertain. Eurygaster conglomerata {ibid. iv. (1860) p. 126. — Ma- cassar, Celebes) is a Sisyropa, Br. & von Berg. Eurygaster prominens {ibid. p. 127. — Macassar, Celebes) is a Sisyropa, Br. & von Berg. The palpi are yellow, not black as stated by Walker. Eurygaster interdicta {ibid. vii. (1864) p. 213. — Mysol). — The type is in poor condition. Genus uncertain ; perhaps new, and belonging to the Section ” Erigone, Br. & von Berg. The oral margin descends considerably below the yibrissse ; above the few small bristles next to the vibrissa3 the facial ridges are ciliated with fine hairs nearly to the level of the arista ; eyes hairy, not bare as stated by Walker; palpi short and slender; antennse short ; abdominal macrochsetoe discal and marginal ; no appendix to bend of fourth vein. Eurygaster apta {ibid. iv. (1860) p. 126. — Macassar, Ann. tk Mag. N. Hist. Ser. 7. Vol. xix. 24 342 j\rr. E. E. Austen on the Synonymy and Celebes) is a Blepharipoda, Br. & von Berg. : the palpi are yellow, not blaek as stated by Walker. Eurygaster fingens (ibid. viii. (1865) p. 132. — Salwatty I. New Guinea) is a Phorocera. The eyes are hairy, not bare as stated by Walker ; the first portion of the third longi- tudinal vein, to a point midway between the base and the small transverse vein, is bristly. Eurygaster contract a {ibid. iv. (1860) p. 128. — Maeassar, Celebes). — Genus uncertain; near Blepharipoda^ Br. 8c von Berg., but hind tibise not uniformly ciliated ; eyes large, jowls very narrow, linear ; tips of palpi yellow ; four post-sutural dorso-central bristles; abdominal macrochaetse marginal. Eurygaster progressa {ibid. — Macassar, Celebes). — Genus uncertain, probably new ; near Walk., and Leskia^ Rob.-Desv. {^‘ Section ” Pyrrhosia, Br. 8c von Berg.). — Eyes pubescent, not bare as stated by Walker; arista minutely pubescent ; oral margin only slightly prominent ; jowls bearing a pair of bristles on their central portion and descending somewhat posteriorly ; number of post-sutural dorso-central bristles uncertain, owing to condition of type; abdominal raacrochsetse marginal, in pairs ; a pair of admedian bristles and a lateral pair on each side on each segment. Sarcophaga ingens (List Dipt. Ins. Brit. Mus. iv. (1849) p. 816. — Locality unknown). — A series of specimens in the Museum collection from Trinidad, B.W.I. {J. H. Hart : taken in a flower of Aristolochia gigas) and a male from Union I., Grenadines, B.W.I. {H. H. Smith), apparently belong to this species. Sarcophaga edax {ibid. p. 832. — France ? •’■’) = Myio- stoma {Estheria) cristatum, Mg. Sarcophaga inoa {ibid. p. 832. — Galapagos Is.) is not a Sarcophaga, but belongs to the Section ” Paramacr onychia, Br. & von Berg., — genus uncertain, perhaps new, near Arrenopus, Br. & von Berg. Frontal bristles small ; face sparsely clothed with minute hairs ; epistoma prominent ; eyes bare ; two post-sutural dorso-central bristles ; ab- dominal macrochfietse confined to a row on the hind margins of the fourth and fifth segments. Sarcophaga! punctipennis (Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. iv. (1858) p. 208. — Colombia) is not a Sarcophaga, but appa- rently belongs to a new genus allied to Phorichceta, Rond. (‘" SectioiE^ Thryptocera, Br. 8c von Berg.). The type is very Generic Position of certain Mu-scidie. 313 mouldy, so that it is not easy to make out its characters ; the face, however, on each side has a row of stout bristles descending from the front. The apical portion of the fourth vein and the posterior transverse vein are abruptly bent in and out in an unusual manner ; the basal portion of the third vein is bristly almost as far as the small transverse vein ; abdominal macrochaetse discal and marginal. Sarcophaga chrysotelus (Ins. Saund. — Dipt. iv. (1832) p. 329. — S. America) is an Exorista. Dexia aurinia (List Dipt. Ins. Brit. Mus. iv. (1819) p. 847. — Locality unknown) = Dexia vacua^ Fin., $ . Dexia posio (ibid. p. 844. — Cape of Good Hope) is a Microphthalma, Macq., with the first posterior cell closed well before the margin of the wing, and long-stalked : owing to this peculiarity in the venation it may eventually be advisable to found a new genus for this species. Dexia australis (Ins. Saund. — Dipt. pt. iv. (1852) p. 314. — Australia) is a Thelaira. Dexia notata (ibid. p. 309. — New South Wales) is a Myiostoma, Bob.-Desv. Dexia randa (List Dipt. Tns. Brit. Mus. iv. (1849) p. 852. — Brazil) belongs to the genus Mesembrinella, Giglio-Tos. Dexia ohsciira (Ins. Saund. — Diptera, pt. iv. (1852) p. 307. — Brazil). — Genus uncertain, probably new (‘^^ Section"’'’ Dexia, Br. & von Berg.). — Arista feathered with long hairs; septum between antennse and grooves for latter well-marked ; pro- boscis slender, polished, and somewhat elongate ; abdominal macrochsetae marginal on second segment, discal and marginal on third ; terminal portion of fourth vein bent up sharply, then incurved ; bend with a small appendix. — In spite of the greater development of the facial septum and of the an- tennary grooves, this species is probably congeneric with Rhamphinina picta. Bigot (Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr. ser. 6, t. viii. (1888) p. 265), from Cuba, the type of which, through the generosity of Mr. G. H. Verrall, is now in the British Museum. According to Brauer (SB. k. Akad. Wiss., math.-naturw. Cl., Bd. cvi. (1897) p. 359. 105) Rh. picta, Big., with Dexia potens, Wied., belongs to Stomatodexia according to the head, and to Leptoda according to the bend of the fourth vein. The proboscis, however, is very different from that of stomatodexia. Dexia muscaria (fbid. p. 308. — Brazil) is congeneric with the foregoing, though discal and median marginal macro- chsetse are absent from the second abdominal segment, and discal macrochsetse from the third segment. 24* 34 i l\Ir. E. E. Auston on the Synonymy and Dexia angmta {ibid. p. 314. — Brazil) is a Stomatodexia, Br. & von Berg., near, or perhaps identical with, S. (Dexia) diadem, a, Wied. Dexia plana (ibid. p. 315. — Brazil) is a Stomatodexia, near S. diadema, Wied. Dexia svffusa [ibid. p. 317.- — Locality unknown) appa- rently belongs to a new genus o£ the Section Pseudo- dexia, Sub-Section Thelaira, Br. & von Berg., near Xanthodexia, v. d. Wulp. This species presents a deceptive resemblance to Xanthodexia sericea, Wied., from which, however, it can at once be distinguished by the frontal stripe being wide and by the presence of marginal macro- chmtseon all the abdominal segments. Orbital setae in female stout and conspicuous ; face and jowls narrow ; antennae rather below level of middle of eyes ; bend of fourth vein rounded. Dexia? albicans (Trans. Ent. Soc. Bond. iv. (1858) p. 204. — R. Amazons, Brazil) belongs to the Section Sarcophaga, Br. & von Berg., and apparently to a new genus. — Very narrow and somewhat resembling a Scato- phaga in shape and general appearance; head in profile square, with rather prominent front ; eyes semicircular in outline; face bare; arista feathered on rather more than basal half; abdomen, femora, and front and middle tibise clothed with short w^oolly hair ; hind tibiae in male shortly ciliated on inner side ; first joint of front tarsi somewhat exca- vated on underside ; abdomen totally devoid of macrochaetae except on hind margin of fourth segment ; third vein bristly for three-fourths of the distance from the base to the small transverse vein ; remaining veins bare. Dexia insolita (Ins. Saund. — Dipt. iv. (1852) p. 318. — Brazil) may, provisionally at any rate, be referred to Hystri- chodexia, von Roder : there is a row of stout macrochaetae on the hind margins of the second and third abdominal segments, but on the disc of the latter segment macrochaetae appear to be wanting. Tachina similis (ibid, p, 269. — S. America) is a Peleteriay near P. robusta, Wied, Dexia harpasa (List Dipt. Ins. Brit. Mus. iv. (1849) p. 840. — N. America) = Plilodexia tibialis, Rob.-Desv. Dexia cerata (ibid. p. 847. — N. America) is a Rhyncho- dexia, v. d. Wulp (Bigot, joro joaWc). Dexia pristis (ibid. p. 841. — Massachusetts) belongs to the genus Aporia^ Macq. The type is in very poor condition. 345 Generic Position of certain Muscida?. Dexia cremides [ibid. p. 842. — N. America) must be can- celled as unrecognizable. The specimen that the writer found in the Museum collection doing duty as the type does not agree with the description, and is a female of Dinera grisescens, Fin., a species apparently not included in AldriclFs ‘ Catalogue of North American Diptera,^ where (p. 500) Dexia cremides, Walk., is placed under Myiocera. Dexia ogoa (ibid. p. 841. — Nova Scotia) must also be cancelled as unrecognizable, since the type is not now to be found in the Museum collection, and Walker states that when he described it the head was missing. Dexia dirphia [ibid. p. 836. — Locality unknown) is a Myiocera, Rob.-Desv. Dexia prexaspes (ibid. p. 837. — Georgia, U.S.A.) is a Ptilodexia, Br. & von Berg., to which genus Estheria abdo- minalis, Rob.-Desv., from Nova Scotia (assigned by Aldrich, Cat. N. Amer. Dipt, p; 501, to Dexia), also belongs. Dexia abzoe [ibid. p. 846. — Georgia, U.S.A.). — Type not now to be found in the Museum collection ; name should consequently be cancelled. Tachina corythus (ibid. p. 797. — Georgia, U.S.A.). — So far as it is possible to determine from a comparison of Walker’s type and the descriptions, Coquillett (Rev. Tachi- nidae, p. 73) is apparently correct in quoting T. corythus, Walk., as a synonym of Xanthomelana (Pkasia) atripennis. Say. Tachina cdops [ibid. p. 796. — Georgia, U.S.A.) . — Cor- rectly referred by Coquillett [op. cit. p. 73) to the genus Beskia, Br. & von Berg. Dexia hypsa [ibid. p. 866. — Locality unknown) is a Fycnosoma, Br. & von Berg. Musca liris [ibid. p. 882. — Locality unknown) is the female of Rutilia minor, Macq. (Australia and Tasmania), which apparently should be referred to a new genus near Rutilia. Dexia albifrons (Ins. Saund. — Dipt. iv. (1852) p. 317. — United States) is a Rhynchodexia, v. d. Wulp (Bigot, pro parte) . Dexia canescens [ibid. p. 310. — United States) is a Ptilo- dexia, near and perhaps only a dark form of P. tibialis, Rob.-Desv. Dexia pedestris (ibid. p. 313. — United States) has nothing to do with Dexia. It is synonymous with Tachina menapis. Walk. (List Dipt. Ins. Brit. Mus. iv. (1849) p. 769), the 34 r> On the Synonymy &c. of certain MusclJgp. type of wliicli was stated to be from Upsala, Sweden. The present writer is unable to assign this species to its proper genus, but it perhaps belongs to the Section Masicera, 13r. & von Berg. The front is prominent and the face hairy ; depth of jowls rather greater than half the height of the eye ; first posterior cell opens at or close to tip of wing. Gymnosiylia invita (Journ. Proc. Linn. Soc. v. (1861) p. 243. — Dorey, New Guinea) = Dexia alulifera, Walk. (ibid. p. 157 ; described from Amboyna). — Genus uncertain, probably new Section Pseudodexia^ Sub-Section Thelaira, Br. & von Berg.) . Gymnosiylia luteicornis {ibid. vi. (1862) p. 10. — Gilolo, E. Indian Archipelago) belongs to an apparently new genus near Thelaira, Rob.-Desv. — Eyes large, occupying whole depth of head, so that jowls are reduced to a mere line ; antennae below level of middle of eyes ; abdominal macro- chaetae discal and marginal ; first and third veins bristly. Trichoprosopa^ marginalis {ibid. v. (1860) p. 157. — Amboyna). — A new genus will have to be founded for this species close to Ocyptera, Latr., from which it is distin- guished by the dorso-central bristles being greatly reduced, as well as by the depth of the head, narrowness of the face, and length of the third joint of the antennae. 2'richoprosopal divisa {ibid. vii. (1864) p. 213. — Mysol) appears to be a Plesiocyptera^ Br. & von Berg., although differing from P. {Ocyptera) bicolor, Wied. (the type of the genus), in the face being narrow and the proboscis not slender. In the typical specimen, at any rate, the second and third abdominal segments are devoid of admedian marginal macrochaetae. Tacliina titan (List Dipt. Ins. Brit. Mus.iv. (1849) p. 735. — Sylhet) is a Nemorcea, Bond., near, but apparently distinct from, N. iropidobothra, Br. & von Berg. Van der Wulp (Cat. Descr. Dipt. S. Asia, p. 126) assigns this species to the genus Micropalpus, doubtless misled by Walker having headed the page on which the description appears Group II. Linncemyia, Desv. Essai Myod. 52.^^ Musca aluta (ibid. p. 911. — ‘^Lapland?, France?'”). — The type is a female of Myiospila meditabunda, Fabr. Tachina zebina (ibid. p. 772. — North Bengal) is a Ble- pharipoda, Br. & von Berg. (i.e. Sturmia, Bob. -Desv., apud Coquillett& Aldrich), and perhaps a synonym of B. (Tachina) cilipes, Macq. (Dipt. Exot. ii. 3 (1843), p. 62, tab. 6. fig. 6). The following Walkerian species are synonyms of B. zebina-. — 'Tachina fusiformis (List Dipt. Ins. in Coll. Brit. Mus. iv. 3’47 On new Coleoptera from the Indian Empire. (1849) p. 1161) ; Eurygaster mutans (Jourii. Proc. Linn. Soc. V. (1861) p. 240) ; Tachina australis (Ins. Sannd. — Dipt. iv. (1852) p. 279) ; and Nemorcea amplificans (Journ. Proc. Linn. Soc. iv. (1860) p. 122). The extensive series of specimens in the Museum collection shows that B. zehina is among the commonest of the larger Tachininse in India and Ceylon^ and also occurs in Burma^ Malacca^ Java, the Sunda Is., Celebes, Dorey (New Guinea), Queensland, and New South Wales. Tachina grandis (Ins. Saund. — Dipt. iv. (1852) p. 278, pi. vii. fig. 1. — India) belongs to the genus Nemorcea, Rob.- Desv., and may be the female of N. tropidohothra, Br. & V. Berg., as stated by van der Wulp (Tijdschr. v. Ent. xxxvi. p. 161, & Cat. Descr. Dipt. S. Asia, p. 129). But, since Walker^s type does not altogether agree with the description by Brauer and von Bergenstamm, it seems advisable, for the present at any rate, to regard the two species as distinct. XLl. — Some new Species and Genera of Larnellicorn Goleo- ptera from the Indian Empire, By Gilbert J. Arrow. This paper contains descriptions of some of the most important Indian Lamellicornia which are yet unnamed in the British Museum collection, together with observations upon allied forms which have accrued in the course of its preparation. Part I. CetoniidaB. Heterorrhina dispar, sp. n. 8at elongata, crebre punctata, processu sternali hand longo, sab acuto. (5 . Viridi-olivacea, abdomine pedibusque riifis, nitida; capite inermi, excavate, clypei margine antica valde retlexa et arcuata ; pedibus sat gracilibus, tibiis anticis vix dentatis. 5 . Obscure castanea, opaca ; clypeo valde excavato, antice nasuto, Venice cornu decumbente truncato armabo; pedibus crassioribus, tibiis anticis latis, bidentatis. Long. 20-22 mm. Hah. N. India, Darjeeling. The form is elongate, not much depressed, rather strongly and uniformly punctured above. Head rugosely punctured, with the clypeus rather broader than long and the front margin prominent in the middle. Prothorax coarsely and closely punctured, with the interstices extremely finely punc- tulated. iScutelluin punctured except along the middle line. 348 Mr. G. J. Arrow on neic Elytra rugosely punctured, some of the punctures forming double rows. Pygidium transversely rugose. Sternal process short, but rather sharp. Metasternum smooth in the middle and coarsely punctured at the sides. Abdomen finely punctured. . Olive-green, shining, with the abdomen and legs reddish. Head unarmed behind. Clypeus somewhat exca- vated, with the front margin curved, reflexed, and slightly produced in the middle. Sides of the prothorax strongly angulated in the middle and nearly straight in front and behind. ? . Purplish black, with abdomen and legs castaneous. E orm more elongate, with the upper surface more opaque. Clypeus strongly excavated, with the front margin ratlier strongly produced upwards in the middle and the vertex armed with a horizontal process freely produced and truncated in front. Prothorax more convex and less contracted in front than in the male. Legs stouter, with the front tibiae strongly bidentate and all the tarsi shorter and thicker than in the other sex. In the peculiar differences of form and colouring between the two sexes this species shows relationship only to H. mutahilis, Hope, from which it is quite easily distin- guished. It is larger and has less distinctly costate elytra, besides which the sternal process, although short, is much less so than in that species, and the clypeus is longer and quite differently shaped in both sexes. A male and female have formed part of the British Museum collection for fifty years, but have not hitherto been distin- guished from the allied species. Anomalocera subopaca, sp. n. Olivaceo- vel purpureo-viridis, antennis tarsisque nigris, elongata, paulo depressa ; capite granulate, cl}'peo quadrato, antice paulo dilatato, marginibiis fere rectis ; prothorace crebre punctato, medio subtilissime, lateraliter grosse et rugose, lateribus vix arcuatis, medio leviter angulatis ; scutello elongate, acuto ; elytris parum profunde rugose punctatis, obsolete striatis, postice mar- ginibus grosse rugulosis ; pygidio dense rugoso, breviter setoso ; processu sternali sat longo, parum curvato, metasterni lateribus dense punctatis, piliferis ; abdomine fere Hvi. (5 . Angustior, prothorace antice magis contracto, abdomine sul- cato, clava antennali longissima ; tibiis auticis muticis, posticis dense et longe fulvo-ciliatis. Long. 22 mm. llah. N. India, Manipur, Green, with pinkish reflections ; elongate, ))arallsl-sided. 349 Coleoptera from the Indian Empire* ratlier flat above, and not bigldy glazed. Clypeus granu- lated, about as long as it is broad, slightly widening towards the front, with the anterior and lateral margins nearly straight. Prothorax very finely punctured upon the disk and very coarsely and rugosely at the sides, rather shorter than in A. glaherrima and Mearesi^ and with the sides rather more distinctly angulated in the middle and the base strongly trisinuate. Elytra finely and shallowly but ratlier closely strigosely punctured, some of the punctures forming rows anteriorly, with the apical and posterior lateral parts coarsely strigose, but scarcely setose, and the apical angles slightly produced. Pygidium densely rugose and clothed with short and not closely-set setae. Sternal process moderately long, depressed, blunt, and not much curved. Metasternum smooth and deeply grooved at the middle and densely punc- tured and pubescent at the sides. Abdomen almost smooth. The male is more elongate, with the prothorax more narrowed in front, the abdomen deeply channelled, the an- tennal club very long, and the hind tibiae thickly fringed. Half a dozen specimens were collected by Mr. Doherty. The species is closely related to A. glaherrima and Mearesi^ but is rather more elongate and depressed, and the upper surface is much less glassy, being rather closely sculptured all over. The male has the prothorax less narrowed in front than in those two forms. The' genus Anomalocera was formed for A. Mearesi^ Hope, alone, but that species is only peculiar in the rather greater- length of the antennal club of the male than that of its allies, and a natural group is formed by associating with it the species which have been placed in Ileterorrhina and Rhomborrhina^ characterized by a tapering sternal process, the clypeus simple in both sexes, and the hind tibias straight. The genus Heterorrhina will then be confined to the forms in which the clypeus is armed in one (the female) or both sexes, and Rhomborrhina to those in which the sternal process is broadly transverse and the clypeus of the characteristic spatulate shape. The species I include in Anomalocera as thus defined are A. Mearesi^ Hope, glaherrima^ Westw., mbopaca^ sp. n., microcephalaj Westw., Mellii, G. & P., heros^ G. & P., resplendens^ Schonh., rujitibiis^ Bates, unicolor , Motsch., Fortunei^ Saund., and olivacea^ Jans. There still remains one isolated species, which, while it has the clypeus simple in both sexes and the sternal process long and slender, cannot be associated with this group. The antennal club is equally short in both sexes, the clypeus is nearly square in shape, the elytra are very strongly and regularly punctate-striate. 350 Mr. G. J. Arrow on new and in particular the hind tibiae of the male are strongly bent and furnished with a thick brush of hairs. This is Cetonia loeta, F., with which Heterorrhina sylhetica^ Thoms., is synonymous. It was described by Thomson from North India and by Fabricius from Java, but it has a continuous range through Burma and the Malay Peninsula, and the differences mentioned by Thomson have no reality when a series of specimens is compared. For this form I propose the new genus Euchloropus. The chief differential characters of the Heterorrhina group of genera may be tabulated as follows : — Clypeus armed in one or both sexes Heterorrhina. Clypeiis unarmed. Hind tibiae of strongly curved Euchloropus. Hind tibiae of S straight. Sternal process elongate Anomalocera. Sternal process transverse Rhomborrhina. Macronota gracilis^ sp. n. Nigra, supra opaca, elytris obscure rufis, macula postscutellare ad humeros producta, fascia media transversa apicibusque nigris, scutelli apice, suturae medio lineolisque duabus transversis post- humeralibus albis, sterni abdominisque lateribus plus minusve albis ; sat parva, angustata, capite (tuberculo laevi postico excepto), prothorace pygidioque omnino granulosis, clypeo modice emar- ginato ; prothorace fere circular!, postice leviter lobato et depresso, angulis vix perspicuis ; singulo elytro fortiter unicostato, lateribus post humeros sat leviter sinuatis ; pedibus gracilibus, tibiis anticis tridentatis, posterioribus omnibus sine dentibus. Long. 15 mm. Hah. Assam, Naga Hills. Black, with the elytra dark red except for a black patch behind the scutellum produced to the shoulders, a transverse median fascia, and the apical margins, and decorated with white markings consisting of a spot behind the scutellum, another at the middle of theelytral suture, and two transverse marginal spots on each elytron. The sides of the sternum and the margins of the basal segments of the abdomen are also marked with white. The form is very elongate, tapering behind, and the legs are slender. The head, pronotum, and pygidium are coarsely granulated. The head is flat, with a smooth tubercle on the vertex and moderately notched in front. The prothorax is almost circular in shape, with all the angles almost obsolete, and moderately depressed behind. The ely^tra have a silky sheen, and each has a strong costa and is feebly sinuated 351 Coleoptera from the Indian Empire. beliind tlie shoulder. The front tibiae have three slight teeth and the four posterior tibiae are without teeth or spines at the middle. The antennal club is of moderate length. Glycosia hiplagiata^ sp. n. Nigra, nitida, elytris opacis, plaga suturali nitida excepta, singulo post medium flavo-maculato ; elongata, depressa, ad humeros lata, deinde augustata, capite parvo, crebre punctato, antice sat emarginato ; prothorace convexo, grosse punctato, sat late raarginato, lateribus medio angulatis ; scutello sat parvo, impunc- tato ; elytris striato-punctatis, lateribus post humeros valde sinuatis, apicibus sinuatis, angulis suturalibus acutis ; pygidio parvo, fere laevi ; corpore subtus nitido, lateribus grosse punc- tatis : S xu’othorace basi latiore, tibiis anticis minus distincte tridentatis. Long. 20 mm. Hah. Andaman Is. Shining black, with the elytra opaque and sooty except at the inner margins, and with a lemon-yellow patch beyond the middle of each, broad at the outer margin and pointed at its inner extremity. The form is depressed, broad at the shoulders, with the head small and the elytra straight at the sides and strongly narrowing towards the extremity. The head is strongly punctured, with the clypeus long, narrowing towards the front, where it is rather deeply notched, and not at all reflexed at the margin. The prothorax is convex, coarsely punctured, with the sides strongly margined, and angulated in the middle. The scutellum is rather small, pointed, and impunctate. The elytra are coarsely striate- punctate, with the margins strongly sinuated behind the shoulders and minutely excised at the extremities, and the apical angles acute. The pygidium is feebly punctured and the metasternum and abdomen coarsely, except at the middle. The sternal process is compressed, truncated in front, and directed obliquely downwards. The front tibim are 3-dentate in the female, but the uppermost tooth is almost obsolete in the male. In the latter the prothorax is broader at the base and the apical angles of the elytra are strongly spinose. The type specimen is a female found by EoepstorfF in the Andamans. There is a male in the Calcutta Museum labelled Rangoon,” probably by mistake. The only other known species of Glycosia are G. tricolor, Oliv., and G. palliata, Mohn. Protoitia hidentipes, sp. n. Elongata, parallela, depressa, nigra vel purpureo-nigra, supra velu- tina, subtus nitida, maculis capitis 2, prothoracis 6-8, utriusque 352 Mr. G. J. Arrow on new elytri 9, ])ygidii 2, flavis ; caj)ifcc crebre punctato, anlice profunde excise ; prothorace laxe punclato, transverse, lateribus inedie angulatis, pestice fere parallelis ; elytris punctato-striatis, apico paule spinesis ; pygidie crebre punctate, breviter flavo-setese ; tibiis anticis acute bidentatis. Leng. 18 mm. Hab, Nicobar Is. Sooty black or piceous black, with the head, legs, and underside shining, decorated with yellow spots distributed as follows : — a pair upon the vertex of the head, a pair at the middle and three at each lateral margin of the pronotum, the two posterior ones sometimes uniting ; three placed in an oblique line upon the anterior half of each elytron, two ad- joining the suture posteriorly, and four adjoining the lateral margin, and a large patch at each side of the pygidium. There are also patches upon the mesosternal epimera and the sides of the sternum and abdomen. The head is thickly punctured, with the clypeus long and deeply notched in front. The prothorax is very transverse, distinctly but not densely punctured all over, with the sides strongly angulated in the middle, and nearly parallel from there to the base, which is strongly emarginate before the scutellum. The scutellura is rather narrow. The elytra are parallel-sided, punctate-striate, with the sutural angles rather spinose. The mesosternal process is moderately prominent, nearly cireular, and not much dilated at the end. The metasternum is rugose at the sides and the abdomen sparsely punctured. The front tibise are bidentate in both sexes. The pygidium is pubescent in two female specimens in the British Museum collection, but in a male in the Calcutta Museum labelled (no doubt wrongly) “ Rangoon the setae are scarcely visible. The yellow markings in that specimen are also of a deeper colour. Clinteria truncataj sp. n. Nigra vel obscure cuprea, opaca, capite, pedibus corporeque subtiis nitidis, prothoracis lateribus anguste llavo-marginatis, elytrorum maculis 2 vel 4 minutis post medium transverse positis, apicalique minuta, pygidii maculis duabus sat magnis ; depressa, sat parallela, postice parum attenuata ; capite elongate, dense sat regulariter punctato, antice valdo excise ; prothorace subtiliter punctato, postice fortiter sat acute lobato ; elytris grosse seriato- punctatis, costis duabus distiuctis ; processu sternali valido, conico, acuminato, abdomine medio glabro. Long. 15-18 mm. IJah. S. India, Nilgiri Hills. Black or very dark coppery, velvety and opaque above. 353 Coleoptera from the Indian Empire, with the head, legs, and underside sliining, and with white or yellow markings, consisting of a narrow line on each side of the prothorax, frequently interrupted or absent, a spot upon the mesostern'al epimeron, two small spots placed close together behind the middle of each elytron and frequently coalescing, a minute external apical spot, a large patch on each side of the pygidium, and a row of spots on each side of the sternum and abdomen. The head is closely punctured, rather long, and deeply notched in front. The prothorax is finely punctured, attenuated in front, and strongly and rather sharply lobed behind. The elytra are rather parallel-sided and little narrowed towards the extremity ; they are coarsely punctured in rows, with two well-marked costae upon each. The sternal process is conical, rather long, and acuminate. In the female there are three sharp equidistant teeth to the front tibia. In the male the uppermost tooth is distant from the other two and much shorter. The pale markings are liable to reduction, and in one specimen in the British Museum have disappeared entirely I have seen a considerable number of specimens of this form, which is generally confused with Clinieria guttifera, Burm. [=C. valida^ Lansb.). It differs by its straight and more parallel sides, the median spots of the elytra placed farther back and not obliquely, and the more sharply pointed sternal process. I at hrst regarded this as possibly the C. modesta^ Blanch., but the examination of a co-type kindly sent from the Paris Museum by M. Lesne shows tlie latter to be a variety of G. Klugi, Hope (= C. Jtavopicta^ Bl.), with the pale markings very much reduced. Anthracophora hufo, sp. n. Ovata, sat depressa, piceo-nigra, velutina, supra et subtus fulvo- variegata, prothoracis, metasterni abdominisque medio costisque duabus elytrorum basi glabris, immaculatis ; capite grosse punc- tate, prothoracis lateribus grossissime et crebre, medio la^vius sed fortiter punctatis, marginibus valde sinuatis, basi angulatim emarginata ; scutcllo baud longo, punctate, variegate ; elytris irregulariter striatis et punctatis, costa distincta basali, lateribus vix sinuatis ; pygidio rugoso, variegato ; corpore subtus grosse punctate, lateribus rugose punctate, opaco et variegato, processu sternali breviter acuminate ; pedibus brevibus, variegatis, tibiis anticis minute bidentatis. Long. 16 mm. Hah. Sylhet. Deep red-brown, irregularly speckled above and below with 354 Mr. G. J. Arrow on new yellow markings, and opaque and velvety except at the middle of the prothorax, metasternum, and abdomen, and a strong costa on the anterior half of each elytron. The form is ovate and depressed. The clypeus is broad, entire, and strongly punctured. The prothorax is strongly but not closely punctured in the middle, very coarsely and rugosely at the sides, with the lateral margins distinctly angulated at the middle and strongly sinuated behind. The scutellum is rather short, punctured, opaque, and variegated. The elytra are irregularly punctured and striated, and each has a smooth curved costa on the basal half. The pygidiurn is rugose and the metasternum and abdomen are strongly punctured and shining in the middle, and opaque and closely sculptured with crescent-shaped impressions at the sides. The legs are very short, opaque, and decorated like the body, and there are two very short teeth to the front tibia. A single specimen from the Bowring Collection has been many years in the Museum. Rutelidae. Fruhstorferia hirmanica^ sp. n. Ilufo-castanea, corpore subtus pygidioque sat longe rufo-hirsuta. Corpus breve, robustum, grosse punctatum, modice nitidum, capite rugoso-punctato, antice angustato, apice curvato, carina oculari minuta, baud acuta ; prothorace transverse, grosse punctate, medio indistiricte siilcato, lateribus bisinuatis, angulis anticis fere rectis, posticis obtusis, margine basali leviter trisinuato ; scutello lato, obtuse angulato, punctate ; elytris crebre irregulariter punctatis, lineis indistinctis nonnullis ; pedum 2 anteriorum tibiis tridentatis, 4 posteriorum unguibus externis profunde fissis. (S . Corpore breviore, magis parallelo, pygidio incurvato ; sat nitido, mandibulis omnino exsertis, ad capitis longitudinem sequalibus, valde recurvatis, acutis, tarsis anticis incrassatis ungueque externo multo majore. Long, (sine mandibulis) 16 mm. 5 . Multo longiore, ovali, pygidio producto, crebre punctato, corpore supra grossius punctato, punctisannuliformibus, mandibulis parvis, obtusis, elytrorum lateribus post medium callosis. I-ong. 20 mm. Hah. Burma, Euby Mines (^Doherty'). Chestnut-red, strongly punctured, with the pygidiurn and lower surface clothed with tawny hair. The legs are stout, with the front tibise tridentate and the outer claws of the two posterior pairs strongly bitid. There is a short tubercular prosternal process tufted at the end. 355 Coleoptera from the Indian Empire. ^ . Short, robust, and parallel-sided, with the head coarsely punctured, the clypeus small, narrowed and rounded at the apex, the mandibles produced (about as long as the head), strongly recurved, and acute at the tips. The prothorax is transverse, rather strongly punctured, with the sides parallel behind and the base feebly trisinuated. The scutellum is very short and finely punctured. The elytra are strongly and irregularly punctured, some of the punctures forming lines. The pygidium is turned inwards and sparingly punc- tured. The front tarsi are thickened and the outer claw much larger than the inner one. $ . Longer and more oval, with the mandibles not pro- duced or acute, the head more rugose and the prothorax, elytra, and pygidium more coarsely and closely punctured. The elytra have a small but well-marked fold beyond the middle of the outer edge, and the pygidium is prominent. A single pair of this species was received with the Fry Collection. They are about equal in size to small speci- mens of F. ^-maculata, Kr., but are more robust and convex than that species. It is more strongly punctured above and more hairy beneath, and differs also by the prominent pygidium and well-marked lateral thickening of the elytra in the female and the form of the mandibles in the male. It is likely that the latter attain a greater development than in the type, but they are peculiar by their twisted appearance and abruptly acuminate tips. The maxillary palpi are much stouter than in the other species. Dr. Ohaus has sent me for comparison a female from ^Tonkin in his collection. It is like the Burmese female, but more elongate and rather more finely sculptured upon the elytra, and may prove to represent another species. Desmonyx, gen. nov. Labium elongatum, acuminatum, sine ligula distincta, palpis prope apicem positis, triarticulatis, articulo ultimo grandi, fusiformi. Maxillse reductae, absque lobis aut dentibus, paljjis prope apicem positis, 4-articulatis, articulo ultimo grandi fusiformi. Mandibulae porrectae, falciformes. Labrum porrectum, angustum, integrum, dense ciliatum. Clypeus antice latus, trilobatus, ad antennarum basin valde con- strictus. Oculi parum prominentes. Antennae ( 6 ) longae, 10-articulatae, articulo primo valde clavato, 2-6 subaequalibus, 7 sat brevi, 8-10 longissime flabellatis, ad praecedentes omnes longitudine aequalibus. Prothorax transversus, lateribus basique arcuatis. Scutellum latum, fere semicirculare. 356 Mr. G. J. Arrow on new Sternum muticum. Pedum coxm anticm prominentes, tibiae 4-dentatae, tibiae 4 posteriores extus spinosae, posticae apice minute serratae : pedum anticorum ( (^ ) uugue externo lato, valde dentato, articulo penultimo subtus lobato : pedum 4 posteriorum unguibus aequalibus, gracilibus, intcgris. Desmonyx humeralis^ sp. n. Late ovatus, brunnens, antennarum clava, vertice, prothoracis medio, scutello elytrorumque parte antica obscurioribus, singulo elytro antice bimaculato, maculis flavis, approximatis, una prope scutel- lum alteraque minore posteriore prope marginem lateralem. Corpus supra grosse et rugose punctatum ; clypeo subtiliter rugoso, lato, antice trilobate, medio acute, postice valde constricto ; fronte prothoraceque grosse irregulariter punctatis, laxe hirsutis, hujus medio longitudinaliter impresso, basi leviter arcuata, lateribus arcuatis, antice paulo approximatis ; scutello sat minute punctato ; elytris grosse punctato-striatis et rugosis, singulo apice arcuato ; pygidio nitido, minute et laxe punctate ; corpore subtus longe hirsute. Long. 9-10 mm. Hah. Burma, Buby Mines {Doherty). Bark mahogany colour, with the back of the head, the middle of tlie prothorax, the scutellum, and the anterior part of the elytra, as well as the club of the antennae, black, and with two yellow spots near the anterior border of each elytron — one near the scutellum and a rather smaller one a little behind and outside the first. The body is robust and convex, coarsely and rugosely punctured above, wdth the vertex of the head and the prothorax hairy. The clypeus is finely rugose, broad and trilobed in front, strongly constricted at the base of the antenna?. The prothorax is channelled down the middle, broadly rounded at the base, with the front angles acute and the hind angles rounded. The scutellum is nearly semicircular and finely punctured. The elytra are coarsely ])unctate-striate with the intervals rugose. The pygidiurn is minutely punctured and shining. The female is unknown. The antennal club is very long in the male, the last joint of the front tarsus is enlarged, the inner claw thickened and very widely cleft, and the fourth joint produced beneath the claw-joint. The other claws are simple, slender, and equal. This is an isolated and very remarkable genus, which must be placed amongst the primitive and polymorphic Kutelidae of the Parastasia group, although it has considerable affinities with the Dynastida?. The slender and symmetrical claws of the four posterior feet are quite foreign to the llutelida? and 357 Coleoptera from the Indian Empire. the clypeus and the organs of the mouth are very peculiar. Another aberrant genus to which Desmonyx seems to show some relationship is OryctomorphuSy a Chilian genus for- which Lacordaire formed a special group of Dynastidae (the Orycto- morphides), associating with it an African genus, Homoeo^ morphuSj and an Australian one, Corynophyllus. This curious assemblage is quite unnatural and a better resting- place has to be found for Oryctomorphus. Its claws are movable and slightly unequal on all the feet, and those of the front feet of the male are exactly as in Desmonyx, the labrum has a thickened front margin which is visible externally, and in other respects, conspicuously in its bright colouring and sexual differences, it agrees less with any other genus of Dynastidae than with the Parastasia group of Rutelidae. The latter embraces a variety of forms already recognized as connecting the Rutelidae and Dynastidae, but the latter family, if these aberrant members are excluded from it, becomes fairly homogeneous. H. W. Bates in forming the genus Metapachylus has pointed out its relation- ship to Oryctomorphus and also to Parastasia and Polymoeclius, but without definitely assigning it to either family. Another genus, Mesystoechus of Waterhouse, placed by its founder among the Anoplognathini, seems to belong also to the present group. Its labrum is quite unlike that characteristic of the former group. Melolonthidae. Dejeania lineata, sp. n. Fusco-nigra, supra squamosa, subtus nitidior, pectore pedibusque sparse, abdomine dense, griseo-setosis ; clypeo semicirculari, undo, rugoso, fronte subtiliter rugosa, setosa ; prothorace globose, fusco- squamoso, marginibus lateraliter atque postice griseis; scutello fusco ; elytris fusco-squamosis, lineis 4 griseis, externa abbre- viata ; pygidio dense flavido-squamoso ; prothoracis margine postico ante scutelli angulos minutissime inciso ; scutello lato ; elytris postice ad suturam baud angulatis. (S . Tarsis intermediis sat brevibus, pedibus postiois validis, tro- chanteribus longis, paulo spinosis. Long. 7 mm. Hah. Burma, Shan States. This species is nearly related to D. Hoplia ”) marginatusy Non fried, which its author has referred to a wrong group. It is larger than that insect and in addition to the dark margins of the elytra has three dark stripes of equal width to the pale interspaces. The white scales upon the pronotum are more restricted behind. I have seen only males of both Ann. d) Mag. N. Hist. Ser. 7. Vol. xix. 25 358 Mr. G. J. Arrow on new species, which sex, in each, has the hind trochanters very long and spinose. In D, lineata^ but not in the allied species, the middle tarsi are shortened and thickened also in the male. Geotrupidae. Ochodceus deceptor^ sp. n. Rufo-testaceus, hreviter ovatus, corpore supra omnino sat dense granulate, subtus laeviore, flavo-hirsuto ; clypeo parvo, semi- circulari, maudibulis extus regulariter arcuatis ; prothorace latissimo, margine lateral! recto, angulis anticis rectis, posticis baud late arcuatis ; scutello elongate, apice acute ; elytris dis- tincte striatis, interstitiis dense setosis. Long. 5’5-6*5 mm. (S . Tibiae anticae angulo interne producto, femore postico ante apicem dentate. 2 . Capitis vertice tuberculis duobus geminatis armato. Hah. S. India, Bombay, Madura, Kanara. This species has a close resemblance to the European 0. chrysomelinus, F., but the sculpture of tlie whole upper surface is rather less dense, the side margins of the prothorax straighter, the posterior angles less broadly rounded off, and the scutellum rather narrower and more acute at the apex. The secondary sexual distinctions of the male are the same, but the female is distinguished by a slight crest upon the forehead consisting of two closely approximate tubercles. These are absent in 0. chrysomelinus, which has instead a single tubercle near the tip of the clypeus. Ochodceus pallidusj sp. n. Pallide testaceus, ovatus, capite prothoraceque minute et dense rugosis, setiferis, elytris subnitidis, minute punctulatis et setiferis ; clypeo brevissimo, lato ; mandibulis extus sinuatis, apice paulo produetis, intus leviter dentatis ; prothorace lato, margine laterali recto, angulis anticis fere acutis, posticis baud late arcuatis ; scutello mediocre, baud acute angulato; tibiae anticae dente apicali longo. Laud acuto, secundo sat acuto, tertio minutissimo. Long. 6-5 mm. Hah. N. India. Two specimens, both females, were collected by Capt. Boys and have been in the Museum since 1848. The species is more elongate than the preceding one and the elytra are paler and more shining, the sculpture being much less dense. In addition the mandibles are more produced, the clypeus shorter and broader and the scutellum less elongate. The hind tibiae and tarsi are longer and slenderer and the second tooth of the front tibiae more acute. 359 Coleoptera from the Indian Empire, Westwood lias mentioned an Indian Ochodceus to which the MS. name of 0. indianus was given by Reiche, but wliioh the former did not consider distinct from 0. chryso- melinus. This is probably one or other of the two species here described. Hybosoridae. Phceochroops indicus^ sp. n. Pyriformis, fuscus, undique longe rufo-hirtus, capite prothoracequo densissime punctatis, illo angustato, margine regulariter arcuato ; prothorace parvo, transverso, lateribus elev.atis, denticulatis, regulariter arcuatis, angulis anticis productis, posticis fere rectis ; scutello parvo, angiisto ; elytris valde convexis, postice fortiter ampliatis, dense variolose punctatis, costis tribus modice distinctis; corpora subtus subtiliter rugoso, metasterni medio pedibusque politis ; tibiis anticis extus denticulatis, dentibus tribus validis rectis, posticis longe ciliatis, singulo extus medio minute carinato. Long. 11'5 mm. Hah, S. India, Nilgiri Hills, Anamalai Hills. Three specimens have been found by Mr. H. L. Andrewes. They are dark olive-brown, clothed all over with long tawny hairs. The head and prothorax are exceedingly densely, and the elytra closely, covered with circular pits. The lower surface is finely rugose, with the middle of the metasternum alone Simooth and shining. The labrum is very prominent, quadrate, and coarsely punctured and the clypeus parabolic. The pronotum is very narrow in front and rather broader behind, with the lateral margins raised, denticulate, and gently and uniformly curved, and the posterior angles right angles. The elytra are regularly ampliated from the shoulders and have each three feebly raised cost^. The genus Phceochroops ^ with two others, Phceochridius and Pantolasius, have been placed by their authors, Candeze and Lansberge, amongst the Trogidae, and excluded from the Hybosoridae by the presence of five ventral segments only. These forms, however, have certainly a much closer relation- ship to Hyhosorus^ Chcetodus^ &c., than to Trox and appear to me to exhibit no difference of any consequence in the abdomen. A sixth segment is always visible laterally, although partially hidden beneath the hind coxae, and Lacordaire has observed that this is sometimes the case in Trox itself. The form of the antennae and labrum, however, is very difierent to that occurring in Trox^ and if it is considered desirable to retain both families I think the Trogidae should be restricted by removing the genera Liparochrus and Anaides to the Hybosoridae, with which they have most in common. 3G0 Bihliographical Notice* BIBLIOGRAPHICAL NOTICE. Catalogue of the Lepidoptera 'Phalaenoe in the British Museum. Vol. VI. {Catalogue of Noctuidce, Vol. III.) London : Printed by Order of the Trustees. 8vo. Pp. xiv, 532. Pis. xcvi.-cvii. ; text-figs. 172. The present volume of Sir George Hampson’s great work is devoted to the subfamily Cucullianse, and includes 692 species distributed among 111 genera, many of which are described as new. While the Noctuidse, as a rule, are smaller and less showy than the moths classed under Sphinges and Bombyces, they are more interesting to European entomologists, as a larger proportion inhabit temperate climates. Under the Cucullianae, as here defined, we find Cucullia, Cleophana., Calophasia, Aporophyla., Cloantha, Xylina ( = Calocampa, auct.), AgriopiSy Dasypolia, Cosmuiy and other well-known Euro- pean genera. A series of additional species (uncoloured) are re- presented, with neuration &c., in the text-figures. Although many of these moths are dull- coloured, yet the larvae of some of them (e. g. those of Cucullia and Xylina) are extremely beautiful, those of Cucullia being gregarious and feeding in clusters on Verhascum &c. (the larva of Cucullia verhasci is figured on p. 2). They are a great contrast to the dull brown subterranean larvae of the Agrotinae, called “ Cut-worms ” by the Americans. The moths of the genus Cucullia are popularly called “ Sharks ” in England. They some- what resemble small Sphingidae in their long, narrow, pointed wings, and fly over flowers at dusk in the same manner. Our species are all light brown, grey, or whitish, but several of the Continental and Siberian species are of a most beautiful green, and others brilliant silvery white, none of which, however, are figured in the work before us. It is less than two years since the publication of vol. v., and vol. vi. is the third volume of Noctuae, vols. i.-iii. having been devoted to Arctiidae &c. Those who are best acquainted with what catalogue and descriptive work means will know best how to appreciate the energy and the industry of the Author, and least inclined to find fault on account of any error or omission which they may be able to discover. For our own part, we may say that the previous high standard of the work seems to be fully maintained in the present volume both as regards the descriptions and tables, and we are glad to see that the larvae, when known, are also briefly noticed. THE ANNALS AND MAGAZINE OF NATURAL HISTORY. [SEVENTH SERIES.] No. 113. MAY 1907. XLII. — Descriptions and Records of Bees. — XIII. By T. D. A. Cockerell, University of Colorado. Osmia viridiorj sp. n. d .—Length fully 12 mm. ; anterior wing a little over 8 ; width of abdomen 4. Head very dark blue-green ; mesothorax and scutellum yellow-green ; the rest of thorax black with a greenish lustre; legs black, not at all metallic; abdomen shining blue-green, dark but very decidedly green. Head and thorax densely punctured, clothed above with copious long hair, that of face white, but of sides of vertex and cheeks strongly intermixed with black ; head normal, mandibles strongly bidentate ; anterior edge of clypeus straight, very smooth and shining ; clypeus otherwise dull and densely rugoso-punctate ; antennae black, third joint with a fine reddish tomentum, only noticed in certain lights ; flagellum not at all moniliform ; thorax above with long creamy-white hair, not at all mixed with black ; pleura with long hair, anteriorly dull white, posteriorly black. Legs with black hair, but shining reddish on inner side of anterior tarsi, long and dull white on anterior femora behind, and some dull white at apex of middle femora behind ; spurs and tarsi normal ; tegulae shining black. Wings hyaline, the apical margin broadly pale brownish, and a daik streak in marginal cell; first r. n. joining second s.rn. Ann. d' J/ap. X. /list. Ser. 7. Vol. xix. 26 362 Mr. T. D. A. Cockerell — Descriptions and twice as far from its base as second from its apex. Abdomen parallel-sided, first segment with white hair (some black at extreme sides) ; second with thin white hair and shorter black hairs intermixed, especially at sides, but inconspicuous ; remaining segments with black hair, but third with a little silvery white on margin laterally ; sixth segment with a broad shallow notch, seventh bidentate ; second and third ventral segments shallowly emarginate, with a very little shining reddish hair in the emargination. Very close to 0. marginipennis^ Cresson, but distinguished by the strongly green mesothorax and scutellum, the paler hair of thorax above, the edge of clypeus not subsinuate,^^ and the apical margin of wings not so dark. It also much resembles 0. cyaneonitens^ CklL, but differs thus: — Smaller ; hair of pleura all white ; middle tibia with con- spicuous white hair cyaneonitens. Larger : hair of pleura partly black ; middle tibia with black hair viridior. Hah, Boulder, Colorado, May 20, 1906 [S. A, Rohwer), Osmia olivacea, sp. n. d. — Length about or nearly 10 mm.; anterior wing 7^ ; width of abdomen 3j. Olive-green, the sides of the thorax dark bhie-green ; hair of head and thorax long and abundant, white on clypeus, cheeks below, and lower part of pleura, but otherwise tawny, with very long black hairs intermixed on thorax above, vertex, cheeks, and a few at sides of face; head normal, lower edge of clypeus straight, the bidentate mandibles with their teeth strongly divergent ; hair of upper part of face strongly tawny; antennae long, black; flagellum slightly moniliform or crenulate ; vertex and mesothorax rough with exceedingly dense punctures ; a little shining space bordering anterior ocellus in front. Legs black, the hind coxse and femora dark green, and a slight green tint on middle ones ; anterior and middle femora with long pale hair behind, hind femora with dusky hair ; hair of tibiae (except anterior ones behind) dark ; hair on inner side of hind tarsi golden ; spurs normal; tegulse green. Wings dusky, hyaline before the broad apical area; first r. n. joining second s.m. about IJ times as far from its base as second from its apex. Abdomen shining olive-green, the hind margins of segments con- colorous; first two segments with pale hair, the others with black hair, quite long, and a little pale intermixed; sixth 363 Records of Dees. with a good deal of light hair ; sixth segment entire or with the faintest suggestion of a notch ; seventh bidentate ; first ventral segment subemarginate ; third emarginate, with a tuft of orange hair in the notch. In Robertson^s table of genera segregated from Osmia this runs to 3, and runs out because of the structure of the sixth abdominal segment. Because of its coloration it could be mistaken for 0. inurhana^ Cress., but it is easily known from that by the coarse black hair on the abdomen &c. It is also exceedingly like 0. Latreillei, Spinola (which I have from Tangier), but is known from that by the same characters which separate it from inurhana *. Hah. Boulder, Colorado, at flowers of Pulsatilla hirsutis- Sima, April 20, 1906 [W. P. Cockerell). Osmia pulsatillcej sp. n. d . — Length about mm. ; anterior wdng about 5 ; width of abdomen Green, the head and thorax above rather yellowish green, the abdomen blue-green (Prussian green). Head normal, eyes prominent, mandibles with two widely divergent teeth ; face covered with dull w’hite hair, with some long black hairs at sides and many long black hairs on front and vertex ; hair of cheeks white, with black hairs immediately adjacent to the eye. Antennae rather long, black ; flagellum normal ; hair of thorax long and dull white, dorsally w'ith black hairs intermixed ; mesothorax dull, with exceedingly dense punctures ; tegulae largely green. Wings dusky ; first r. n. joining second s.m. about 1§ as far from base as second from apex. Legs dark green, with dull white hair, that on inner side of hind basitarsus dark fuscous ; spurs normal. Abdo- men with white hair on first three segments, long only on first ; the other segments have the hair mixed black and silvery, but short and inconspicuous ; sixth segment entire ; seventh bidentate ; ventral segments normal, second apically with fine white hair. This is an Osmia s. str. in the sense of Robertson. It is very like 0. proooima^ Cresson, but is readily distinguished by the mixture of dark hairs on the thorax above. The abdomen is not so globular as in proximo^ but is distinctly parallel-sided. Hah. Boulder, Colorado, prox. 5350 ft., at flowers of Pulsatilla hirsutissima, April 20, 1906 (W. P. Cockerell). * An Algerian male of 0. Latreillei, also before me, has the hair of the thorax much redder. 26^ 3G4 Mr. T. D. A. Cockerell — Descriptions and Osmia aprilina^ sp. n. . — Lengtli about 7 mm.; anterior wing about 5; width of abdomen 2^. Si ui liar to 0. jmlsatillm, but hair of thorax above pale reddish, without black hairs interspersed. Head larger, much wider above. Abdomen broader, more globose, and yellowish green ; sixth segment with a conspicuous rounded notch. The antennse are entirely dark ; hair of face pale, white below, yellowish above, without any black ; vertex with an admixture of black hairs ; cheeks with long black hairs in front, but the hair otherwise white. Wings dusky. Legs with green tints. Abdomen with pale hair, but a good deal of black from middle of third segment on ; seventh segment bi dentate. Known from 0. proxima by the dark flagellum and dark Iiairs on cheeks and vertex. Similar characters and the structure of the sixth abdominal segment separate it from 0. pumila. It is an Osmia s. str. in the sense of Robertson. Ilah. Boulder, Colorado, at flowers of Pulsatilla hirsutis- stma, April 20, 1906 (IK. P.& T. D. A. Cockerell) ; Boulder, May 1906 {S, A. Rohwer). Four specimens. Osmia phacelice^ sp. n. $ . — Length 8 mm. ; width of abdomen 3. Blue-green, with yellowish-green tints about the head and thorax. Legs black, the hind femora faintly greenish ; scopa black, some white hairs at extreme sides. Hair of head and thorax mainly white, but many coarse black hairs on face and vertex and fewer on scutellum and mesothorax ; seen from above, the hair of the clypeus appears short and black and that on each side of face longer and nearly all silvery white ; head and thorax very densely punctured ; head ordinary, clypeus normal, mandibles 3-dentate, antennse short and black ; hair of legs largely black, that on inner side of middle and hind tarsi nigro-fuscous ; tegular largely green. Wings dusky, first r. n. joining second s.m. at least three times as far from base as second from apex. Abdomen shining blue- green, hind margins of segments concolorous ; hair of second segment wdiite but very short and scanty, with longer dark hairs toward sides ; following segments with the usual dark hairs, but the apical one, except at apex, with fine silvery toraentum. Distinguished from 0. faceta^ Cress., by the smaller size, greei]cr abdomen, and colour of hair on cly[)eus. It looks just like 0. atriventris^ but is easily separated by tlie lar^-e amount of black hair on head. 0. alholateralis, Ckll., is much larger and has not the fine appressed white hairs seen on abdominal segments 4 and 5 \w i)haceUm. It is an Osmia s. str. in the sense of Kobertson. Hah. Ward, Colorado, July 1905, at flowers of Phacelia ( W. P. (jf* T. I). A. Ckll.) ; also one from Boulder, Colorado, June 17, 1905 {W. P, Cockerell). Osmia Hendersoni, sp. n. $ . — Length 10 mm. ; width of abdomen 4^. Robust ; head and thorax densely punctured, black, with strong blue and green tints at sides of face, and the pleura, scutellum, and metathorax greenish ; abdomen very short and broad, very shiny, with sparse punctures, the segments olive- green, with the hind margins broadly purple, their extreme edge more or less reddish. Head rather large, with broad cheeks, but not otherwise remarkable ; clypeus normal, the anterior edge gently concave ; mandibles with three large but short teeth ; antennse black ; hair of face entirely black ; the black hair goes as far back as the ocelli, and behind this the hair of the top of the head is all dull white, except at tlie extreme sides ; cheeks nude ; hair of thorax above entirely yellowish white, of pleura black ; tegulas rufo-piceous. Wings hyaline with yellow stains; first r. n. joining second s.m. about twice as far from base as second from apex. Legs black, with black hair ; anterior tarsi with long pale hair ; first abdominal segment with long white hair, the others with rather long black hair ; sixth apically with a little reddish appressed hair ; scopa black. A beautiful species, separated from 0. nigrifrons by the shining abdomen, the second segment with black hair, &c. The 3-dentate mandibles and long hair of pleura readily separate it from 0. hrevihirta. Hah. Arapahoe Peak, Colorado, Sept. 1, 1906 (aS^. A. Rohwer) . Named after Judge J. Henderson, who was present when it was caught, in recognition of his work on the Arapahoe Glacier and other contributions to the natural history of Colorado. The locality is high alpine. Osmia hrevihirta^ sp. n. $ . — Length about 11 mm. ; width of abdomen barely over 4. Dark blue, with green tints ; the abdomen brilliant, more 3G6 Mr. T. D. A. Cockerell — Descriptions and shining than in 0. nigrifrons, the hind margins concolorous. Head large ; clypeus normal ; mandibles 4-dentate, the inner two teeth very short ; near the interval between the first and second teeth is a little patch of shining orange hair ; antennae black; hair of face black and dull white, the black coarse and mainly on the clypeus and above, the white prin- cipally at sides ; black hairs about ocelli, but hair on top of head dull white ; cheeks with black hair, but anteriorly bare, with a very little short white hair which glistens in certain lights ; thorax above with yellowish-white hair, not mixed with black ; hair of pleura short and scanty, dark, a little light above posteriorly. Legs black, with black hair ; tegulse black, with a blue spot. Wings broadly dusky on apical margin; first r. n. joining second s.m. about 1| as far from base as second from apex. Abdomen with light hair on first segment and middle of second ; otherwise the hair is black except that the apex of the last segment is covered with chocolate-brown tomentum ; scopa black. This may prove to be the female of 0, cyaneonitens, CklL, which (cT) was also found at Boulder by my wife, June 4, 9, and 10, 1905. Hah. Boulder, Colorado, June 10, 1905 {W. P, Cockerell). Osmia Tiypochrysea Bohwerif subsp. n. $ . — Length about 10 mm. Differs from true hypocJirysea in being somewhat larger and more robust, the patch of orange hair on the mandibles little developed, the hair on inner side of hind tarsi dark ferruginous (black in type). The clypeus is quadridentate as in the type. Hah. Boulder, Colorado, May 1906 {S. A. RoJiwer). The locality is more than 2500 ft. lower than that of the typical form, Osmia hypoleuca^ sp. n. {pentstemonis^ subsp. ?). $ . — Length about mm.; anterior wing 5 J ; width of abdomen about 2^. Head and thorax deep blue ; abdomen brilliant purple- blue, the hind margins of the segments broadly olive-green ; head and thorax very densely punctured, their hair long and coarse, but not dense, black on head except on occiput and a little on hindmost part of cheeks, dull white mixed with black on thorax above, light on tubercles, black on upper, but white on lower part of pleura. Head oblong, clypeus 367 Records of Bees, normal, mandibles 3-dentate, antennse black ; tegulas piceous, blue in front. Wings dusky ; first r. n. joining second s.m. about or hardly 1^ times as far from base as second from apex. Legs black, with black or sooty hair ; hind coxae and femora strongly bluish, hind basitarsus flat and rather broad. Abdomen with inconspicuous black hair on segments 3 to 5 ; scopa black. Perhaps only a variety of 0. pentstemoniSj Ckll., but that has the hair of pleura all light, and the last dorsal abdominal segment with fine whitish tomentum. Hah. Boulder, Colorado, June 9, 1905, at flower no. 10 (W. P. Cockerell). 0. pentstemonis occurs at higher altitudes ; in Boulder County we have taken it at Ward, about 9000 ft., at flowers of Pentstemon, July 1905. In my original account of 0. pentstemonis I wrote : — It may prove to be the female of 0. Wheelerid^ It is, perhaps, significant that at Boulder, June 4, 1905, my wife took a male Osmia which I liave referred to 0. Whtehri^ CklL, variety. Osmia pikeiy sp. n. $ . — Length about 8 mm. ; width of abdomen 3. A short broad species, with abdomen almost exactly circular in outline. Dark greenish blue, the abdomen shining ; hair of head and thorax long and coarse, black on clypeus, cheeks, and pleura, dull white with black intermixed on front, vertex, and thorax above j some white hair also on sides of face; head and thorax densely punctured ; head rather large ; mandibles with four prominent sharp teeth, the apical one long ; clypeus normal, the two orange brushes below its anterior edge well developed; antennae black, flagellum very faintly reddish beneath ; scutellum and hind part of meso- thorax yellowish green, contrasting with the blue-black metathorax ; tegula3 black, greenish in front. W ings dusky ; first r. n. joining second s.m. only a little further from base than second from apex. Legs black, with black hair, fine pale tomentum on underside of hind femora and tibia? ; hair on underside of hind tarsi reddish except at sides. Abdomen very sparsely punctured; first segment with pale hair, second with pale and black, the others with black, the last (except apically) with some appressed pale hairs; scopa black. Distinguished especially by its comparatively small size, broad form, and 4-dentate mandibles. The colour of the abdomen is the same as in 0. propinqua. 3G8 Mr. T. D. A. Cockerell — Descriptions and Ilah, Halfway House, Pikers Peak, Colorado, at flowers of Salix, May 30, 1904 {Cockerell). The locality is 8400 ft. above sea-level. Osmia senior j sp. n. ? . — Length about 12 mm. ; width of abdomen 3|. Abdomen approximately parallel-sided, broadest about the apex of the third segment. Head dark blue below, green above; mesothorax and scutellum green, pleura dark blue. Abdomen blue-green, the margins of segments concolorous, but segments 2 and 3 have an indistinct pinkish-purple band across the middle, while 4 and 5 show coppery-red tints. Head and thorax densely punctured, head rather large ; antennse black ; clypeus normal ; mandibles with four very distinct teeth, the apical one not very long ; hair of clypeus black, of sides of face dull white, of front mixed white and black, of vertex black, of occiput pale, of cheeks pale behind and black in front ; hair of thorax above scanty, dull white with black intermixed, of pleura black, but of tubercles abundant and light, conspicuously contrasting ; tegulse rufo- piceous, shaded with green. Wings dusky, first r. n. joining second s.m. about 1§ as far from base as second from apex. Legs black, with black hair, the hind femora and coxae very faintly metallic ; middle femur with a few pale hairs apically beneath. Abdomen with light hair on first segment and short black hair on the others, each with a scarcely noticeable subapical band of shining pale hairs, mostly failing in the middle ; sixth with fine pale tomentum ; scopa black. 0. gaillardice^ CklL, is allied, but larger, and without appressed light hair on cheeks. The white hair at sides of face separates 0. senior from 0. wardiana. By the colour and shape of the abdomen 0. senior is like densa, but that has light hair on pleura. Hah. Boulder, Colorado, June 12, 1905 {W. P. Cockerell). Osmia wardiana., sp. n. $ . — Length a little over 12 mm; width of abdomen 4. liobust ; abdomen oblong. Head and thorax black, the sides of face and supraclypeal area green, the scutellum and hind part of mesothorax greenish ; middle of mesothorax purplish black, with an area in which the strong punctures are separated, showing the shining ground; head large, the cheeks very full and rounded ; antennae black ; clypeus somewhat produced, with the apex shallowly subeniargiiiate ; 3G9 Records of Bees. mandibles 4-dentate, the apical tooth much the largest, the others subequal ; face with coarse black hair, cheeks with quite long black hair ; vertex witii hair mixed black and dull white ; thorax above with dull white hair, with long black hairs intermixed; pleura and tubercles with black hair ; tegulse with a large ferruginous spot. Wings hyaline, with reddish stains; first r. n. joining second s.m. about or scarcely times as far from base as second from apex. Legs black, with black hair, that on inner side of anterior tarsi reddish. Abdomen quite dark, with tints of purple and green, the hind margins of the segments purple ; hair on first segment long and pale, except a tuft of black on each side toward base ; hair on remaining segments short and black ; scopa black. E-esembles O. rtigrifrons^ Cresson, but that has 3-dentate mandibles, entirely black tegulae, &c. Hah. Ward, Colorado, 9200 ft., at flowers of Senecio. July {W.P.^ T. D. A. CM.). Osmia Titusij Ckll. Las Cruces, New Mexico, April 10, at flowers of Dithyrea Wislizeni ; two females collected by Prof. C. H. T. Townsend. New to New Mexico. Andrena Hitei^ sp. n. $ .— Length rather more than 11 mm.; anterior wing about 8^ ; width of abdomen 3J. Black, the thorax and first four abdominal segments covered dorsally with bright fox-red hair, exactly as in the European A./ulva, of which it looks like a small example. Cheeks and face below antennae with black hair, front and vertex with dull reddish hair, paler and not so bright as that of thorax ; antennae dark, scape with black hair ; facial foveae very broad, not divergent from eye, dark, but with a pale tint in certain lights ; clypeus shining, strongly but not very densely punctured, with a broad smooth median band ; process of labrum large, truncate, with sloping sides; third antennal joint conspicuously longer than the next two united ; mesothorax dull and granular, minutely punctured ; area of metathorax triangular, dull and granular, small, defined only by an impressed line ; hair of lower part of pleura black, of metathorax red, but at sides are long, curled, black hairs ; tegulge dark. Wings dusky, stigma ferruginous, nervures 370 Messrs. 0. Thomas and R. C. Wrougliton on fuscous ; second s.m. about as broad as high, receiving first r. n. almost at its end. Legs black, with black hair; spurs clear ferruginous ; apical fimbria and hair of underside of abdomen black j abdomen very feebly punctured, second segment without any visibly depressed area. Hob. Boulder, Colorado, May 21, 1906 {Glenn Hite). A most unexpected find, like nothing I have seen from America, but closely allied to the European A. falva. Boulder, Colorado, U.S.A., Feb. 3, 1907. XLTII. — New Mammals from Lake Chad and the Congo, mostly from the Collections made during the Alexander- Oosling Expedition. By Oldfield Thomas and B. C. Weoughton. It is hoped that a general account of the zoological collections made during the recent Alexander-Gosling expedition from Nigeria by way of Lake Chad to Shari, Oubangui, and Welle to the Upper Nile will be published later, but in the meanwhile such new mammals as we have been able to distinguish are here described. Both Capt. Gosling, whose death we have to deplore, and Mr. Boyd Alexander took very great interest in the collec- tion of mammals, and considering the difficulties inseparable from such an expedition the number and condition of the specimens obtained afford striking testimony to the pains they took in this direction. As a result they have discovered a remarkable number of new and interesting forms, one of these, Colomys Goslingi, representing a new genus. We have also included descriptions of a few other mammals from the same area, their characteristics having become evident during the work on the Alexander-Gosling specimens. The whole of the collections obtained by the expedition have been presented to the National Museum by Mr. Boyd Alexander and the executors of Capt. Gosling. Rhynchocyon Claudi, sp. n. A white-tailed Rhynchocyon, with the usual pattern brightly marked ; about the size of Stuhlmanni, Mats. General ground-colour above a rather bright red-brown (darker and less bright in the female), below a bright orange- buff. A patch behind the ears, and the checks, a lighter neio Mammals from Lake Chad and the Congo. 37 L shade ; two dark (almost black) streaks from the shoulders to the tail, broken at regular intervals, from the middle of the back backwards, by whitish-buff spots; outside these on each side two other dark stripes, not extending quite so far forward as the median pair, broken by five and four pale spots (the general effect is that of a rather regular chess- board pattern on the lower back, rump, and haunches). Individual hairs of the back, outside the pattern-area, grey at their bases, then a bright buff (almost orange) with black tips, the black tips varying very much in length, from two thirds the whole length of the hair to 1 or 2 mm. only at the distal end. Fore feet dark-coloured, clothed with short hairs which are black at base and tip, with a median bright buff ring ; hind feet still more sparsely clothed with even shorter hairs of the same pattern. Tail at base black for a short distance (30-35 mm.), then white and clothed with sparse, very short, white hairs. The measurements of the type specimen are as follows : — Head and body 314 mm. ; tail 222; hind foot 80; ear 30. Skull : greatest length 67 (circ.) ; length of nasals 19 ; length of frontal suture 27*5 ; greatest breadth 35 ; inter- orbital breadth 22 ; length of palate 35 ; length to inclusive 20. Hah. Beritio, Welle River. Type. Old male. Original number 58. Collected Feb- ruary 14th, 1906, by Mr. Boyd Alexander. (Four specimens and a young skull examined.) The present species is at once separable from all others except Stuhlmanni by its white tail, and from that it differs by its paler brighter colouring. In the type of Claudi, though a very old animal, the chessboard pattern on the back is brightly and clearly marked. We have named this handsome species and the duiker described further on in honour of Major Claud Alexander, the leader of the Alexander-Gosling Expedition up to the time of his death. Erinaceus spicalus^ sp. n. A medium-sized hedgehog, belonging to the group with four toes, with the colouring and short slender spines of alhiventris. Spines short (15 mm.), slender and absent on the summit of the crown along a band about 5 mm. broad. Ear of medium size, smaller than in Adansoni from Senegal, but larger than in the Soudanese alhiventris. Hind 372 ]\Iessrs. 0. Thomas and 1\. C. Wrougliton on foot larger than in either of these species. The claws of the toes (especially of the two inner) exceptionally long and stout, even more so than in Adansoni ; that of the innermost toe measures 7x2^ mm. Skull in size as in Adansoni, but that of the latter much stouter and broader : thus, in Adansoni the width of the brain-case at the roots of the zygomata is 19*5 mm., against 18*3 in the present species; similarly the breadth at the postorbital constriction and that across the zygomata are 11 and 30 mm., as compared with 10’3 and 26. In Adansoni the sagittal crest is strongly defined and carried forward to the middle of the frontals, while in spiculus it is much less distinct and cannot be traced beyond the front edge of the parietals. In Adansoni the nasals (15 mm.) are longer than in spiculus (12‘5 mm.), but nevertheless the muzzle is shorter ; the distance from the front of p^ to the front of i^ in the two species is 10 and 11 mm. respectively. The following are measurements of the type (those of the body taken in the flesh) : — Head and body 220 mm. ; tail 10; hind foot 30 ; ear 20. Skull : greatest length 44 ; palatal length 26 ; brain-case, breadth 18'3 ; zygomatic breadth 26; length p^, and 10. Hah, Maifoni, near Lake Chad. Type. Old male (skin and skull). Original number 18. Collected by Mr. Boyd Alexander on 17tli January, 1905. (Three specimens examined.) The nearest neighbours of spiculus are alhivent'ris, Wagn., from the Soudan and Adansoni, Bochebrune, from Senegal. It resembles albiventris externally by its short fine spines, but is distinguishable from it by its longer hind foot and very much stronger toe-claws. In skull-characters it approxi- mates to Adansoni and is easily distinguishable from albi- ventris by ils markedly larger molars, broader para- and mesopteiygoid fossas, and especially by the absence of the frontal depression so marked in albiventris ; the points in which it differs from Adansoni have already been noticed. Poiana Pichardsoni ochracea, subsp. n. A paler and more ochraceous form of P. Ricliardsoni. General characters, so far as can be judged from a native skin, as in P. lliclmrdsoni, but the spots are smaller and more scattered, and the ground-colour is nearer “ clay-colour,’*’ but verging slightly towards tawny. Under surface, instead of being nearly white, of a bright buffy ochraceous colour. new Mammals from Lake Chad and the Congo. 373 Limbs approximately clay-colour. Ground-colour of tail like body, the dark rings rather narrower than in Richardsoni] no trace of the fine intermediate dark rings generally present between the broad ones. Size apparently rather less than in true Richardsoni. Hah. Near Yambuya, Aruwimi Kiver, Congo (about 25° E., 1° N.). Type. Native skin without skull. B.M. no. 7.1. 2. 4. Obtained by E,. B. Woosnam. This beautiful eastern representative of the West-African Poiana Richardsoni may be readily recognized by the marked difference in its general body-colour. Crossarchus Alexandria sp. n. Allied to C. ohscurusy but larger and with much longer skull. General appearance very much as in G. obscurus, the long loose coat and grizzled colour as in that animal, tliough the general tone is not so dark. Fur, when the animal is in full pelage, very long, the hairs from 50 to 60 mm. in length; an underfur of short woolly hairs present in some specimens. General colour a coarse mixture of black and pale clay-colour, the dorsal hairs pale clay-colour for their basal half (an inconspicuous dark ring present about the middle of their lower half), then broadly black, with a terminal or subterminal band of dull whitish. Wool-hairs pale brown basally, lighter terminally. Under surface similar, but the browner basal part of the pelage more obvious. Crown and middle line of face blackish brown, sometimes sharply contrasted with the grey or buffy cheeks and sides of muzzle. Ears pale brown. Lips and chin pale buffy. Upper surface of forearms, hands, and feet black. Claws very large, the anterior longer than the posterior. Tail long-liaired at base, evenly tapering, mixed black and greyish like the body. In some specimens, taken probably at a different season, the long loose hairs are few or absent, and the whole body is clothed in a short coat of greyish underfur. Skull conspicuously different from that of C. obscurus by its very much greater length, the breadth being about the same. Teeth much longer throughout. Dimensions of the type (measured on the skin) : — Head and body 450 mm. ; tail (c.) 290 ; hind foot (s. u.) 77 ; longest front claw (above) 14*5 ; longest hind claw 9. Skull: condylo-basal length 81; basilar length 74*8; greatest breadth 36*3 ; length of nasals in middle line 15*3 ; 374 Messrs. 0. Thomas and R. C. Wroughton on interorbital breadth 15 ; mastoid breadth 31 ; palatal length 44*5 ; breadth of palate outside 23*2 ; greatest diameter of 7*1, of rn? 5*7, of 5*1. Hah, Northern Congo. Type from Banzyville, Ubanghi. Type obtained from a trader by Mr. Boyd Alexander. Five specimens examined. This remarkable species differs widely from any previously known, its nearest ally, G. ohscurusy being only about two thirds its size. It is a curiously variable animal, both in colour and in the condition of its pelage, though this latter may be a question of season. A young example obtained by Emin Pasha in Niam-Niam is absolutely without the long hairs characteristic of two of the Alexander-Gosling specimens, while a third is in an intermediate condition. An example of Crossarchus DyhowsMiy Pousargues, was also obtained by the Expedition. Crossarchus Talhoti, sp. n. A striped Crossarchus of medium size and very pale coloration. Hair of back short (15-20 mm.) and rather harsh. The usual colour-pattern of the group; ground-colour a dingy white, grizzled with black on the neck and shoulders, and becoming pinkish buff'’"’ when alternating with black in the stripes of the back. Approximate dimensions : — Head and body 450 mm.; tail 300. Hah, Bornu, North Nigeria. Type, Adult. B.M. no. 5,5.13.2. Collected by Mr. P. A. Talbot and presented to the Natural History Museum. A second specimen (young) which had been kept in captivity by Capt. Gosling shows that the pale coloration is quite normal and not an individual characteristic. The species most resembling Talhoti is somalicusy Thos. ; but in that species the dark stripes of the colour-pattern are rather dark brown than black, while the paler are a red- brown approaching hazel,” so that the pattern is obscured, while in Talhoti the contrast between the black and pale bars is strongly marked, though the general colour is even paler than in somalicus. The short hair of Talhoti serves further to distinguish it from the long-haired (40 mm.) somalicus^ and, lastly, it has a black tip to the tail which is wanting in somalicus. new Mammah from Lake Chad and the Congo. 375 Lycaon 'pictns aharicus., sp. n. A medium-sized, bright-coloured Lycaon with very short hair. Size intermediate between typical pictus from Nyasa and pictus lupinus from British East Africa. Hair short (15 mm.), but not so short as in L. p. somalicus. The hair of neck behind ears, above and below, lengthened (*20-25 mm.), suggesting a ruff; that of distal § of tail long (60 mm.). General colour above ochraceous buff, somewhat irregularly mottled with black and in the type specimen with some white blotches on the back ; below mottled white, buff, and dark brown, the hair of the belly, however, so short and sparse that the mottled skin shows through, looking almost naked. Muzzle black as far as the eyes, behind the eyes as far as the ears buffy similar to the ground-colour of the back, but very much less orange ; a black median line on crown, extending along neck and indistinctly along back ; tail for first third rich buffy, remainder black except for a con- spicuous white patch almost immediately following the buffy basal portion and for the white tip. Chin dark brown, almost black. Anterior throat, corresponding with neck behind the ears above, mottled black and white. All hairs the same colour from base to tip. Skull resembling that of typical pictus^ especially in the narrowness between the orbits, but the brain-case distinctly fuller than in that form ; pterygoid fossa narrow, greatest width 22 mm. against 25 mm. in p. lupinus and 27 mm. in typical pictus ] bullae smaller than in typical pictus^ about as in lupinus. Teeth small, much smaller than in pictus^ smaller even than in lupinus. The following are measurements : — Head and body 1030 mm. ; tail 360 ; hind foot 212 ; ear 110. Skull; greatest length 207 ; basal length 178; length of nasals diagonally 66 ; interorbital breadth 38 ; breadth of brain-case 68 ; palate length 95 ; length of upper carnassial 19*5 ; greatest breadth of same 9 ; length of bullas 28. Hah, Maui, Shari River. Type, Adult female. Original number 36. Collected lOlh May, 1905, by Capt. G. B. Gosling. The colour-pattern is more nearly bilaterally symmetrical than in any other specimen in the Museum, but probably this is an indiviuual character. Its smaller size serves to distinguish sharicus from typical pictus^ as its greater size does from 376 Messrs. 0. Thomas and R. C. Wrougliton on hipinm, while its short fur differentiates it from all other forms exeept pictm somalicus^ Tlios. This last form has still shorter hair than sharicus and is very markedly smaller. Mellivora concisa^ sp. n. A medium-sized Mellivora with the usual white mantle wanting on the rump and tail. Size smaller than in typical ratel. Hair of back 30 mm. long. Colour-pattern as in most of the members of the genus, i. e. black with a mantle of white extending from the forehead to halfway down the tail, except that the white begins to die out in the median line from about the middle of the back posteriorly, disappearing completely on the rump and base of the tail. Skull not differing materially from that of ratel, except in its markedly smaller size. Measurements of the type (those of the body taken in the flesh) : — Head and body 580 mm. ; tail 153 ; hind foot 94; ear 19. Skull : greatest length 135 ; basal length 125 ; breadth of brain-case 60 ; interorbital breadth 33 ; palatal length 63 ; length of upper carnassial 12’5 ; greatest breadth of same 11*3. Hah. Yo, Lake Chad. Type. Adult male. Original number 62. Collected 7th December, 1904, by Capt. G. B. Gosling. The complete absence of white on the rump and base of the tail suffices to distinguish M. concha at a glance from any other form. Even should this modification of the usual colour- pattern prove hereafter to be merely individual, which, however, is most improbable, its marked inferiority in size justifies its separation from typical ratel. Funisciurus Alexandri, sp. n. A small Fimisciurus of the same pattern as Emini, Stuhl., but much smaller. Fur soft but short (8 mm. on the back). General colour above a greenish yellow, approaching '^olive-buff” of Ridgway ; from the shoulders to tlie base of the tail a broad (5 mm.) median band, reddish orange in colour, flanked on each side by a black band half its width, and outside these again by a narrow pale yellowish band on each side. Colour below the same as the ground-colour of the back, but tinged with bright can:iry-ycllow, ospeeially on new Mammals from Lake Chad and the Congo, 377 the throat and chest. The ground-colour of the back extends over the whole head and face, except the ears, which are conspicuously white. The hairs of the tail (about 15 mm.) ringed pale and dark and pale tipped, except those at the extreme tip, which are longer and broadly black tipped. Skull, though smaller in all ways, shaped much as in Emini ; interorbital area, however, proportionally much broader and distinctly flatter, and postorbital processes very much further back than in Emini, The following are measurements of the type specimen, the body-dimensions being those recorded by the collector : — Head and body 110 mm. ; tail 115; hind foot 26; ear 13. Skull : greatest length 30 ; basilar length 22 ; brain- case 14’5 ; interorbital breadth 9 ; length of nasals 8*5 ; upper tooth-row 5*3; true molars 3-7; bullae 7. (The measurements of the second specimen scarcely differ from these.) Hab. Gudima, R. Iri, Upper Welle. Type, An adult male. Original no. 122. Collected on 29th August, 1906, by Mr. Boyd Alexander, (Two speci- mens examined.) Its small size and conspicuous white ears suffice to distin- guish Alexandri at a glance from any other species. Funisciurus AntonicB, sp. n. A very small striped species, like F, Alexandria but the ears not white and the striping different. Size slightly greater than in F, Alexandria with which it forms a special section of the group characterized by small size and the short blunt-nosed skull. General grouna-colour pale greenish yellow, paler and greyer than in F, Bbhmi and Alexandri, Striping of back exactly as in F, Bbhmi Emini, i, e, with four distinct black stripes, but the outer narrow pair only running halfway up the body from the loins. Median pale stripe about 5 mm. broad, pale yellowish ; outer light stripes 2|-3 mm. broad, yellowish white, whiter than the median. Head of the general ground-colour, a dark mark running through the eye, slight in front of it, distinct behind it, succeeded below by a yellow line from whiskers to ear ; upper eyelid also yellow. Ears of the general pale greenish-yellow colour, not conspicuously white as in F, Alexandri, Under surface broadly washed from chin to anus with bright yellowish buff. Limbs yellowish grey externally, buffy on their inner aspects. Tail slender, grizzled black and pale yellow, as in the allied species. Skull larger than that of F, Alexandri, but of the same Ann, & Mag, N, Hist, Ser. 7. Vol, xix. 27 378 Messrs. 0. Thomas and Ji. C. Wrougliton on general shape, much shorter than in F. Bohmi. Upper ineisors very pale yellow in front. ])imensions ot the type (measured in the flesh) ; — Head and body 104 rnm.; tail 126; hind foot 25; ear 12. Skull: greatest length 31*5; basilar length 24*2; greatest breadth 19*4; interorbital breadth 9*6; palatilar length 12*2 ; length of upper tooth series (exclusive of the minute 5*1. Hah. Ponthierville, above Stanley Falls, Upper Congo. Alt. 2000'. 7ype. Adult female. Original number 351. Collected 21st February, 1907, by Douglas Carruthers. Two specimens. This beautiful little squirrel is no doubt most nearly allied to F. Alexandri of the Welle, but in colour it almost exactly mimics the much larger F. Bohmi Emini which occurs with it. Tatera lacustris, sp. n. A Tatera of the Emini group, paler coloured than that species and with smaller bullae. Size about the same as Emini', fur long and fine, length on the back 15 mm., against 10 mm. in Emini', general colour above a rusty buff, pure on the flanks, much grizzled with black on the back, below pure white. Basal three fourths of dorsal hairs a silvery grey, tips buff, but in a certain percentage of the hairs of the back the terminal fourth is black. Cheeks, a patch above the eye and one behind the ears, and the whole of the under surface and inner sides of the limbs pure white. Tail above coloured like the back, below a silvery buff ; hairs of terminal third length- ened to form a tuft, which is markedly darker than the rest of the body. Skull almost as in Eminij but the nasals a shade longer and narrower, giving the skull a lighter appearance, and the interparietal more horizontal, making the skull slightly longer. The bullae appreciably smaller than in Emini. The following are measurements of some specimens : — Head and body ....... No. 14, 6 , type. . 118 3 123 6 2. 119 7 2. 94 Emini. 140 Tail . 163 150 153 138 156 Hind foot . 30 30 29 29 29 Ear . 19 19 19 19 Greatest length of skull . 37 35 36 34 35 Basilar length . 27 27 27 25 27 Brain-case, width . 15 15 16 14 14 Interorbital width . 6‘5 6 6-5 6-1 6 Nasals . 15 14 14 13 Upper molar series . . . 6-5 5-5 * '5-3 5-3 5-2 Bullae 9 9 9-1 9 10-4 new Mammals from Lake Chad and the Congo, 379 Hah, Lake Chad. Type, An adult male. Original number 14. Collected by Capt. G. B. .Gosling on the 9th February, 1905. (Nine specimens examined.) Wroughton, in his key to the genus Tatera (Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. xvii. 1906, p. 477), placed Emini by itself at the end of the N.- African forms as the only species with a band of hair across the sole of the foot. Since then Thomas has described Harringtoni from Abyssinia (Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist, xviii., Oct. 1906, p. 303), which has the same character, and the present is a third species to be now added to the group. They may be fitted into Wroughton’s key as follows : — Sect. II. — B. h. Band of hair across sole of foot. a^. Size larger (head and body 140 mm., hind foot 30). Colour darker ; lengthened hairs of tail extending over more than half its length. Length of skull 36 mm. ; upper molar series 5-2 ; hullse 10 4 A*. Size larger (head and body 120 mm., hind foot 30). Colour paler ; lengthened hairs of tail extending over distal third of tail only. Length of skull 36 mm. ; upper molar series 5’6 ; bullae 9 «*. Size smaller (head and body 100 mm., hind foot 28). Colour darker; lengthened hairs of tail extending over more than half its length. Length of skull 30’7 mm. ; upper molar series 4 ’3 ; bullae 9 COLOMYS^, gen. nov. (Alurince), Like Malacomys and Deomys in external form, with simi- larly elongated feet, but the skull wholly different from that of either. Teeth strictly murine. General form light and slender. Ears large. Forearms thin; thumb with a somewhat elongated nail. Hind limbs also very slender, the feet much lengthened, especially in the metatarsal region ; metatarsi apparently somewhat loosely bound together, as though they might splay out from each other in walking on swampy soil. Tail of medium length, very thinly haired, not pencilled. Skull of medium proportions, not in the least elongate as it is in Malacomys, Supraorbital and parietal regions scarcely ridged. Anterior plate of zygoma-root not projected forward, its front edge barely anterior to that of the bridge above. Palatal foramina large and open, but on the • KcoXop, a limb. The Greek term for stilts, KooXo^aOpov, is based on this word. Emini. lacuatris. Harringtoni. 27* '^S0 Messrs. O. Thomas and C. Wrougliton on posterior third of the septum between them there are a pair of horizontal bony expansions projecting laterally and partly closing the foramina below. Palation just a little behind the back of level with the front edge of the parapterygoid fossae ; these fossae are broad and well defined anteriorly, but posteriorly the ectopterygoids soon become obsolete. Bullae of medium proportions. Incisors narrow, simple, flat or faintly concave in front, but they cannot be said to be grooved. Molars essentially as in Alus (comparison made with Al. rattus)^ but the pattern rather more zigzagged, the median and lateral cusps higher and the valleys between them deeper. No trace of postero- internal secondary cusps, but on there is a small antero- external as well as the usual large antero-internal cusp. Cusps of lower molars very upright, not or but little slanted forwards ; minute extra cusps present externally between the second and third lamiiise of and the two laminae of also mesially at the hinder edge of both and m2 ; m3 distinctly bilaminate, the second lamina rather more than half the breadth of the first. Type. Colomys Goslingi^ sp. n. This striking genus has clearly no real relationship to the other long-footed forms, Malacomys and Deomys^ found in the same region. Deomys is a member of the Dendrorayinae and Malacomys has an elongated skull, dififerent in almost every detail from that of Colomys. We have therefore here a very interesting case of geogra- phical isomorphism, three unrelated genera all showing the same elongated metatarsi, and we trust that some observer on the spot may be able to discover what special form of surroundings has produced their common characteristic. Colomys Gosliiigi^ sp. n. About half the bulk of Mus rattus. Fur short, rather crisp and velvety in texture, but not spiny ; hairs of back 7-8 mm. in length. General colour above between wood- brown and cinnamon, a posterior dorsal area more blackened. Under surface pure sharply defined white, the hairs white to their bases ; line of demarcation very high on cheeks and sides, fully halfway up the body, the white area taking in the whole of the fore limbs, which are white throughout, but the hind limbs have a narrow darker line running down behind them to the ankles. Ears fairly large, practically naked, grey ; a prominent white spot on the side of the head below the notch. Upper surface of hands white, of feet flesh-colour. Tail finely ^scaled, 12 scales to the centimetre. new Mammals from Lake Chad and the Congo. 381 practically naked, the few hairs at the end about a milli- metre in length, uniformly grey above and below. Skull and teeth as described above. Dimensions of the type (measured on the skin) : — Head and body (c.) 140 mm.; tail 156; hind foot 38*5 ; ear (c.) 17. Skull : greatest length 32*5 ; basilar length 26 ; zygo- matic breadth 15’8 ; nasals 12*2 x 4 ; interorbital breadth 4*8 ; brain-case, breadth 14 ; interparietal 5 x 10*5 ; anterior zygomatic plate 2*4 ; palatilar length 15 ; diastema 9*1 ; palatal foramina 7*2 x 3’2 ; length of upper molar series 5*2. Hab. Gambi, Welle R.^ Tyjpe. Adult male. Original number G. B. G. 92. Col- lected 31st January, 1906, by Capt. G. B. Gosling. One specimen only. Monbuttu name Monbongolo.^’ — G. B. G. We have named this handsome species, the type of a most distinct new genus, in honour of its captor, Capt. Gosling, whose untimely death has deprived science of one who took an intense interest in the collection of Mammalia, and who we had hoped would have taken up their study at home with the same zeal that he devoted to their capture abroad. Thamnomys kuru, sp. n. A Thamnomys of the venustus-rutilans group, but markedly smaller than either of those species. Fur of back rather long (10 mm.) and silky. General colour above dark brown, grizzled with yellowish buff, below white, more or less stained with pinkish buff. Whole upper surface of body a dark brown grizzled wdth orange-buff (the hairs dark slate-colour, a large proportion, almost all at the root of the tail, tipped with orange-buff, the remainder with very dark brown, almost black), paling rather suddenly at the sides into the white of the belly (the hairs of which are white to their bases), a certain amount of orange- or pinkish-buff suffusion modifying the white colour of the under surface of the body, especially on the chest and on inner side of limbs. Tail dark, regularly but sparsely clothed on proximal half with very short brown hairs, thence distally length of hairs increasing until at tip they measure 5-6 mm. in length ; rings of tail 20-21 to the inch. The skull much smaller than in rutilans ; comparing with a specimen of that species of like age from the Cameroons the skull is one fifth shorter and proportionally narrower and the upper molar series is 5*5 mm. only, instead of 6’2 mm. The first and second molars show the characteristic third 3S2 Messrs. 0. Thomas and R. C. VVh’ougliton on postero-internal cusp quite as plainly as either venustus or rutilans. Dimensions of the type (taken on the skin) : — Head and body 135 mm. ; tail 160 ; hind foot 24 ; ear 15. Skull : greatest length 29 ; basilar length 23 ; greatest breadth 15 ; nasals 10 ; interorbital breadth 5’6 ; brain-case breadth 12*7 ; palatilar length 12*5 ; diastema 8 ; palatal foramina 6’5 ; upper molar series 5*5. Mr. Alexander has recorded the body-dimensions of another specimen (skull missing), taken the same day and obviously older, as follows : — Head and body 145 mm. ; tail 200 ; hind foot 35 (? 25) ; ear 15. These measure- ments agree fairly closely, but for the shorter ear, with those of rutilans and venustus. Hah. Angu, Welle River. Type. Young adult female. Original number 87. Col- lected by Capt. G. B. Gosling on the 30th January, 1906. This species, though undoubtedly closely allied to venustus and rutilansj and, except for the smaller ears and some small differences of fur, texture, and colour, not easy to distinguish externally, is readily separable by the smaller skull and teeth. Lophuromys major^ sp. n. A large Lophuromys about the size of Ansorgei^ de Wint., but with the colouring of aquilus. True. General colour above a very dark brown, minutely speckled with cinnamon, merging without any sharply defined line into ‘‘ vinaceous cinnamon ” below. Hair of the back &c. rather short (8 mm.), shorter than in Ansorgeiy rather harsher than in aquilus and much more so than in Ansorgei ; basal ^ or f of each hair cinnamon, the remainder black, with a subtermiiial cinnamon ring ; on the belly the hairs of one colour from base to tip. Crown of head and face coloured like the back ; ears and tail looking almost naked to the unaided eye, but covered with minute black hairs through which the skin-colour shows. Chin, throat, and inner side of limbs coloured like the belly, but in a rather darker shade. Skull markedly larger than in any other species of Lophu- romys except Ansorgeiy with which it closely agrees in size and shape. Teeth as in Ansorgei. Dimensions (those of the body measured in the flesh) : — Head and body 145 mm. ; tail 72; hind foot 25; ear 15. Skull: palatilar length 15 ; brain-case breadth 13 ; inter- new ^lammah from Lake Chad and the Congo, 383 orbital breadth 7 ; length of nasals 14*7 ; upper molar tooth- row 5‘5. LJab, Bwanda, R. Ubanghi. Type. Old male. Original no. 44. Collected bj Mr. Bojd Alexander, 25th December, 1905. The species at present known in this genus fall into three well-marked colour-groups, viz. : — (1) general colour without any speckling, either dark brown, as in sikapusi from the West Coast and Ansorgei from Lake Victoria, or olive-grey, as in Woosnami ; (2) general colour a dark brown, finely speckled with dark butf or cinnamon, as in aquilus from Kilimanjaro and the present form ; and (3) general colour a dark brown, coarsely speckled with pale buff or yellow, as in Jlavopunctatus from the extreme north-east of Africa. By its colouring the present species falls in the aquilus group, but is markedly larger than any form in that group, and though it closely agrees in all dimensions with Ansorgei ^ it is sharply differentiated from all the sikapusi group by its colouring. Lophuromys laticeps, sp. n. Near L. aquilus-, the brain-case broader and lower and the palatal foramina shorter. External characters very much as in L. aquilus, though the speckling may be a tritie stronger. General colour of the same warm vandyke-brown above and dull russet below. In a young specimen the posterior back is unspeckled, as in L. sikapusi, and the belly is more strongly tawny. Skull shorter and broader than in L. aquilus, the brain-case peculiarly broad, rounded and low, the height from bulla to crown a millimetre or more less than in that species ; ridges practically undeveloped behind postorbital processes ; ante- rior root of zygoma projected forward as in aquilus, not narrow and slanting as in L, Woosnami ; palatal foramina unusually short, widely open. Dimensions of the type (measured in flesh) : — Head and body 108 mm. ; tail (broken, in an immature specimen 54 mm.) ; hind foot 20 ; ear 18. Ski^ll : greatest length 29 3; basilar length 24; zygo- matic breadth 15*2; nasals, length 11*5; interorbital breadth 6’3; breadth of brain-case 13‘7 ; height of brain- case including bullae 10'6; palatilar length 12; palatal foramina 6’2 ; length of upper molar series 5. Jdab. Lake Kivu. Alt. 4900'. 384 Messrs. O. Thomas and R. C. Wroughton on Type. Adult female in British Museum. Original num- ber *318. Collected 29th November, 1906, by Douglas Carruthers. A second (immature) specimen from the Mfumbiro volcanoes. This species is no doubt closely allied to tlie common L, aquilus of British East Africa, but may be distinguished by its differently shaped brain-case and shorter palatal foramina. Thryonomys Harrisoni, sp. n. A Thryonomys of the gregorianus-Sclateri group, more closely allied to the former ; the remarkable postorbital pro- cesses so characteristic of the latter entirely absent. Size, judging from the skulls, rather larger than in gregorianus. As compared with the skull of gregorianus that of Harrisoni is markedly longer and narrower ; the frontal depressions less marked ; postorbital processes even less developed ; the lacrymal bone smaller and the anterior edge of malar broader, so that the distance between these two bones is very markedly smaller, scarcely more than one third the same distance in gregorianus) the nasals longer and the portion of the pre- maxillary flanking them narrower. The following measure- ments taken on the type skulls of the two species demonstrate these differences very clearly : — Harrisoni. gregorianus. Greatest length 91 82 Greatest breadth 52 54 Nasals, length 30 26'5 Frontals, length 25*5 23 Interorbital breadth 28’5 30 Greatest width of rostrum posteriorly, I ^4 Posterior breadth of nasals . 13 13 Distance on the orbit between malar I c.fr 9 and lacrymal \ Upper molar series 16 16 Hah. Loka, 60 miles S.W. of Fort Berkeley, Lado District. Type. Skull and imperfect skin. B.M. no. 4.9.28.2. Collected and presented by Col. J. J. Harrison. Lepus chadensis^ sp. n. A very pale-coloured long-eared hare of rather large size. Size rather larger than in cethiopicus^ Hawker ij &c. neio Mammals from Lake Chad and the Congo. 385 Fur of back short (15 mm.), but soft and silky. General colour above a drab-grey, with only a very faint buffy suffusion on the back ; below pure white. Eye-ring white ; exterior margin of ears white, inner margin fringed with pale buff ; fringe at tip of ears black outside, pale buff inside. Chin white ; neck, above to half the length of the ears, below to the level of the fore legs, pinkish buff.” The hairs of the back pale grey from their bases for half their length, remaining half about equally black and pale buff. Measurements of the type (taken in the flesh) : — Head and body 434 mm. ; tail 115 ; hind foot 121 ; ear 97. Hah. Kadde, Lake Chad. Type. Adult male. Original number 19. Collected by Mr. Boyd Alexander on 29th December, 1904. The present species very closely resembles L. Hawkerij Thos., from the Soudan, which, however, is smaller, darker, and more sandy-coloured. Cephalophus rufilatus ruhidtor^ subsp. n. A Cephalophus related to rufilatus^ Gr., from Gambia, of about the same size, but much redder in colour. Fur rather long and harsh. General colour a dark red- brown, near ‘‘burnt-sienna,^^ with a narrow median dorsal patch much darker, with a slight bluish tinge. Below a paler shade of the dorsal colour. Colour-pattern as in rufilatus^ the dark dorsal area hardly so sharply defined, the “ ochraceous buff ” ground-colour of that species replaced by “ burnt-sienna,” and the “ smoke- grey ” of the nape, dorsal patch, and feet by slate-grey.” Chin and inner side of thighs white in both forms. Skull entirely as in rufilatus, except that the bullae are larger. Dimensions of type : — Head and body 800 mm. ; tail 115 ; hind foot 65; ear 65. Skull : greatest length 155 ; basilar length 135 ; greatest breadth 68 ; length of nasals 50 ; length of rostrum in front of orbit 74 ; length of frontals 65; bullae 22’5. Hah. Basin of the Upper Welle. Type. Young adult male. Original number 65. Collected by Mr. Boyd Alexander on 30th January, 1906. A second specimen, obtained at the same time and place, though a female and younger, is exactly like the type. Con- sidering the great distance separating the habitat of this form from that of rufilatus on the Gambia, it is perfectly clear that 3SG Messrs. O. Thomas and R. C. Wroughton on it should be distinguished from that animal ; but as the Museum contains a specimen (unfortunately quite young) from Nigeria which seems to be intermediate between the two, we prefer for the present to consider it merely as a subspecies. Cephalophus Claudi^ sp. n. A Cephalophus allied to and about the size of nigrifrons^ Gray, from the Gaboon, but much darker and richer in colour. Fur as in mgrifrons. General colour above near “ burnt- sienna ” ; only slightly paler on the haunches and belly. Colour-pattern of the head and face as in nigrifronSj but the actual colours darker; a strong suffusion of black on the shoulders : tail for basal third of its length same colour as back ; second third very sparsely covered wdth long whitish hairs ; terminal third forming a w^ell-furnished black tuft, the extreme tip with tendency to show white. Throat, belly, and inner side of limbs only slightly paler than back ; the belly W'ith a median dark stripe from the chest to the navel. The fore legs blue ” (as in nigrifrons and many others), but the body-colour extending down to the metatarsus, much lower than in nigrifrons. Skull : as compared with that of nigrifrons markedly longer in front of the orbit, narrower between the orbits, flatter on the forehead ; teeth markedly broader ; bullae larger. Dimensions of the type (taken in the skin) : — Head and body 920 mm. ; tail 150; hind foot 210 ; ear 85. Skull : greatest length 185 ; basilar length 170 ; greatest breadth 77 ; length of rostrum in front of orbit 102 ; length of nasals 75; length of frontals 70; interorbital breadth 38 ; bull^ 27. Bob. Bambili, Welle Basin. Type, Adult female. Original number 118. Collected by Capt. G. B. Gosling on 15th April, 1906. Cephalophus rubidus, Thos., from Ruwenzori is, equally with nigrifrons^ closely related to the present form. The presence of a white chin-patch and the complete absence of the dark mantle, belly-stripe, and colouring above the hock suffice to distinguish it from Claudi. The skull-characters indicated above as separating the present form from nigrifrons differentiate it still more markedly from rubidus, as is shown by the following comparative measurements : — V neio Mammals from Lake Chad and the Congo, 387 Claudi, niyrifrons. ruhidiLS. Length of rostrum in front of orbit .. 102 92 85 Length of nasals . . 75 70 60 Breadth between orbits . . 38 40 40 Greatest breadth of at alveolus . . . . 12-5 10 10 Oarehia GosUngi, sp. n. An Ourehia of the size of hastata^ Peters, from Nyasa, larger than kenyoe^ Meinertzh., of British East Africa, and with longer horns than montana, Cretzschm., from the Soudan, with a striking black patch on the forehead between the horns, extending on to the base of the ears. Colour-pattern and colouring as in other members of the genus, but there is a distinct darkening of the back (even blackish in the type specimen), and a well-marked black patch on the forehead between the horns, extending on to the bases of the ears, curiously recalling the somewhat similar marking in the very distinct 0. oribi of S. Africa. Skull only equalled in size by that of hastata ; distinguished by a marked and characteristic convexity of the rostrum, commencing in front of the frontal depression, and extending to the unusually depressed tips of the nasals. Horns longer than in montana^ but shorter and slighter than in kenyce. Dimensions of the type : — Head and body 940 mm.; tail 94; hind foot 300; ear 107. Skull: greatest length 182; basilar length 160; greatest width 73; length of rostrum in front of orbit 98; length of nasals 65 ; length of frontals 56 ; interorbital breadth 44 ; bullae 20. Hah. Niangara, Upper Welle Basin. Type. Adult female. Original number 125. Collected by Capt. G. B. Gosling on 9th June, 1906. (Examined two complete specimens and one head-skin and skull.) The frontal black patch of this species is a very distinctive character, and is equally distinct in all three of the specimens examined. In the Natural History Museum collection there is a specimen of montana (?) from the White Nile which has a distinct dark brown patch on the vertex ; this, however does not extend on to the bases of the ears; in no other form is a black patch like that of the present species to be found except in the South African 0. oribi, a species geographi- cally barred from any close affinity. The larger skull differentiates 0. Goslingi from either montana or kenyce^ and from hastata it is separated as well by its geographical position as by the peculiar profile of its skull and its black frontal patch. Prof. C. Cliilton on a :]88 XLIV. — A new Freshwater Gammarid from New Zealand. By Charles Chilton, M.A., D.Sc., F.L.S., Professor of Biology, Canterbury College, New Zealand. [Plate XL] IbiROUGH tlie kindness of Mr. J. Crosby Smith, of Invercargill, I am able to describe a new Gammarid from the surface freshwaters of New Zealand. He obtained it from a small pool near the top of Mt. Anglem in Stewart Island at a height of about 2800 feet above sea-level. Unfortunately only one specimen was obtained ; however, this is quite sufficient for me to identify the animal satisfactorily, and as it is undoubtedly different from any Gammarid hitherto described from the freshwaters of New Zealand, I venture to describe it as a new species. It is evidently pretty closely allied to the subterranean species Phreatogammarus frag ills ^ and I am referring it to that genus, though it differs from the definition of the genus as given by Mr. Stebbing in having the first gnathopod distinctly smaller than the second and of distinctly different form, for in his generic diagnosis Mr. Stebbing says “ First and second gnathopods equal ” His diagnosis was, however, drawn up from the single type species, and where a genus is based on minute points of difference as exhibited by a single species it is easy to restrict the characters of a genus too narrowly. I give a brief specific diagnosis and a fuller description of some points in the single specimen I have examined. Phreatogammarus propinquus, sp. n. *(P1. XI. figs. 1-6.) In general appearance, antennae, perseopoda, and uropoda closely resembling P. fragilis, but differing in the gnathopoda. First gnathopod smaller than second and of different form, having carpus longer than propod, the latter widening distal ly and with palm transverse. Second gnathopod with carpus short, subtriangular ; pro[)od twice as long as carpus, ovoid ; palm very oblique. Colour nearly white.” Length of body 5 mm. Ilah. Small pool near top of Mt. Anglem, 2800 ft. above sea, Stewart Island, New Zealand. * ‘ Das Tierreich,’ Amphipodn, I. Gammaridea, p. 453. new Freshwater Gammarid. 389 Bemarks, — I have given above the points that seem to distinguish tliis species from P. fragilis. The following fuller account is based on the single specimen before me : — Body rather slender ; pleon-segments 4 to 6 with one or two fine hair-like setae on dorsal surface, the fourth with a stout spine on lower margin. Head without rostrum. First antenna rather more than half as long as the body, first joint with a tuft of small tactile setae on the upper margin near the base, a few hair-like setae at the distal end, and a small spine-like one on lower side of distal end ; second joint about two thirds the length of first, with some slender setae at extremity ; third joint about half as long as second ; flagellum of about twenty joints, about twice as long as peduncle ; accessory flagellum of four joints. Second an- tenna about two thirds as long as first; flagellum shorter than peduncle. I have not examined the mouth-parts in detail, but they appear to be closely similar to those of P . fragilis. First gnathopod smaller than the second ; carpus longer than propod, suboblong, posterior margin densely fringed with setse, a few on the anterior margin ; propod widening towards distal end, where its width is about equal to its length ; palm transverse, well defined, 'with a few small spine- like setae and some long hairs ; dactyl rather stout. Second gnathopod with carpus short, triangular, produced on posterior side into a rounded lobe bearing several fine setae ; propod about twice as long as carpus, ovoid, narrowing distally, palm very oblique, occupying two thirds length of posterior margin, supplied with a double row of spine-like setae and a few^ fine hairs ; dactyl rather stout, closely serrate on inner margin. The third to fifth peraeopoda moderately long, but not greatly increasing in length posteriorly, the last reaching as far as the end of pleon ; in each the second joint (basos) is moderately broad, about two thirds as broad as long. First uropod with peduncle longer than the rami, its upper margin with three small spines and a large one at extremity ; rami equal, each with a few spine-like setse ; second uropod similar, but with peduncle only as long as rami ; third uropod extending much beyond the others, peduncle only about one half as long as rami, which are equal, not narrowing distally, and each with two groups of three spines and a terminal tuft of setse. Lobes of telson with the posterior margin rounded and bearing two or three fine hairs. When alive the animal was, Mr. Crosby Smith says, 390 Mr. G. A. Boulenger on nearly white ” in colour ; whether it is blind or not I cannot say for certain, but I can find no undoubted indications of eyes in the specimen before me. EXPLANATION OF PLATE XL Phreatogammarus propinquus^ sp. n. P'ig. 1. First antenna, X 60. Fig. 2, Second antenna, X 60. Fig. 3. First gnathopod, X 105. Fig. 4. Second gnathopod, X 105. Fig. 5. Fourth peraeopod, X 60. Fig. 6. End of pleon with uropoda, X 60. XLV. — On Barbus aureus, Cope, from Natal. By G. A. Boulenger, F.R.S. A FISH obtained by Dr. Alden Grout at Umvoti, near the boundary between Natal and Zululaiid, was described by the late Prof. E. D. Cope in 1869 (Tr. Amer. Philos. Soc. (2) xiii. p. 406) under the name of Laheobarhus aureus. The original description was so meagre as to make it impossible to assign the species its position in the system. Having recently had to describe several new Barbels from the eastern parts of South Africa, I felt extremely anxious to know something more of this Laheobarhus aureus^ the types of which are preserved in the Museum of the Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia. In answer to an application made through my friend Dr. A. Erwin Brown, I have been favoured by the Curator of the Museum with the loan of one of the types, from which I have drawn up the following definition. The other specimen, which I have not seen, has been compared by Mr. W. H. Fowler, who states that he can detect no difference of any importance between the two. The fish is not referable to the group named Laheobarhus by Euppell. It has the thin lips and the trenchant lower jaw which characterize the genus Capoeta as defined by Gunther ; but its affinities are with L. Bowkeri^ Blgr., from Natal, which has the edge of the lower jaw rounded and the lower lip continuous across the chin. It affords a further instance of the unsatisfactory arrangement of the species of this genus according to the structure of the mouth and lips, to which I have alluded on previous occasions when describing species from Morocco, Abyssinia, East Africa, and the Transvaal, Jfat Jfist 5.7 VoLXlXPlXI Qias Chilton, del Phreatogammarus propinquus sp.nov library Of THE UNIVERSITY of ILLINOIS Barbus aureus, Cope^from Natal, 391 which show remarkable agreement in all characters except the mouth and lips. Barbus aureus may be thus defined : — Depth of body equal to length of head, 3§ times in total length. Snout rounded, feebly projecting beyond the mouth, \ length of head ; diameter of eye4J^ times in length of head, interorbital width 3 times; mouth moderate, evenly curved, its width 3J times in length of head ; lower jaw with a sharp edge; lips thin, not extending across the chin; two pairs of equal barbels, measuring diameter of eye. Dorsal III 8, third ray not at all enlarged, articulated, smooth; the fin, which is equally distant from the occiput and from the root of the caudal fin, has the upper border concave, and its longest ray measures f length of head. Anal III 5, longest ray f length of head. Pectoral | length of head. Ventral below^ origin of dorsal. Caudal deeply forked. Caudal peduncle once and ^ as long as deep. Scales 37 ^1, 2| be- tween lateral line and root of ventral, 16 round caudal peduncle. Total length 195 mm. As stated above, B, aureus resembles B. Bowheri^ differing in the structure of the mouth. In this respect it agrees with B. rhodesianusj Blgr., another close ally, in which, however, the barbels are only about half the diameter of the eye and the scales are larger (30-32 ||, 2J-3, 12). B. marequensis ^ A. Smith, to which Cope regarded B. aureus as most nearly allied, has the lower lip continuous, longer barbels, the last simple ray of the dorsal strong and bony, and larger scales (33 I 3, 12). 392 j\Ir. G. A. Boulenger on XLVI. — Description of a new Gyprinid Fish of the Genus Labeo from the Transvaal. By G. A. Boulenger, F.R.S. Laheo Ruddi. Body strongly compressed, its depth 3| to 4 times in total length ; length of head 4 J to 4J times in total length. Snout rounded, J length of head ; eye perfectly lateral, 4J times in length of head ; interorbital width half length of head ; mouth rather small, its width 3^ times in length of head ; lips without transverse plicje, with a fringe of conical papillae; rostral lobe not fringed; no barbels. Dorsal III 9-10, upper edge concave, last simple ray as long as or a little shorter than head ; its distance from caudal equals its distance from anterior border of eye. Anal III 5. Pectoral a little shorter than head. Ventral below middle of dorsal. Caudal peduncle once and J to once and ^ as long as deep. Scales 40-41 p, 5 between lateral line and ventral, 18-20 round caudal peduncle. Dark olive-brown above, whitish beneath. Total length 210 mm. Four specimens from the Klein Letaba, tributary of the Olifant River (Limpopo System), obtained along with L. Rosce^ Stdr., and L. Darlingi, Blgr., by Mr. Claud Grant (Rudd Expedition to S. Africa) in August 1905. XLVII. — Descriptions of Tiuo new African Lizards of the Genus Latastia. By G. A. Boulenger, F.R.S. Latastia Johnstoni, Head small, rather elongate ; snout obtusely pointed. Two superposed postnasals ; frontal narrowed posteriorly, grooved anteriorly ; two large supraoculais, with a few small shields in front and behind and a series of granules between them and the supraciliaries ; interparietal narrow, much longer than broad, in contact with a small occipital ; a band-like supratemporal ; a curved tympanic ; temporal scales granular, smooth ; no auricular denticulation ; subocular bordering the lip, between the fifth and sixth or sixth and seventh upper labials. Gular scales smooth ; collar toothed, with 7 or 8 neia African Lizards. 393 sliieKls. Dorsal scales small, rliomboidal, feebly imbricate, sharply keeled, 50 to 52 across the middle of the body. Ventral plates in 6 longitudinal and 24 or 25 transverse series; the })lates of the two median series nar:owest. Two large piaeanals, one before the other, or three, one in front and two behind. The hind limb reaches the shoulder or the neck. 15 or 16 femoral pores on each side. Upper cauJal scales strongly keeled, basal subcaudals smooth. Four black streaks along the back, and a fifth on the nape or on the nape and greater part of the back ; sides of neck and body with numerous irregular vertical black bars ; lower parts uniform white. Total length Head Width of head From end of snout to fore limb Fore limb Hind limb Tail .... mm. 220 14 8 20 60 17 34 160 Two male specimens from the Nyika and Masuka Plateaus, British Central Africa (alt. 6000-7000 feet), presented by {Sir Harry Johnston, G.C.M.G., K.O.B., in 1897. Laiastia Baril. Head small, elongate ; snout acutely pointed. Two super- posed postnasals ; frontal narrowed posteriorly, grooved anteriorly ; two large supraoculars, with a few small shields in front and behind, and a series of granules between them and the siipraciliaries ; interparietal much longer than broad, separated from the small occipital by a small shield ; four supraternporals, first longest; a small tympanic; temporal scales minute, granular, smooth ; no auricular denticulation ; subocular bordering the lip, between the fifth and sixth or sixth and seventh upper labials. Gular scales smooth ; collar toothed, with 9 or 11 shields. Dorsal scales small, hexagonal, juxtaposed, keeled, 42 to 45 across the middle of the bod3^ Ventral plates in 6 or 8 longitudinal and 23 to 25 transverse series; the plates of the two median series a little narrower than the adjacent ones. A large praeanal, with a smaller one in front of it. The hind limb reaches bet.veen the collar and the ear. 12 to 14 femoral pores on each side. Upper caudal scales strongly keeled, basal subcaudals smooth. Bluish grey in front, pale reddish brown behind ; three black Ann. d; Mag. V. Hist. Ser. 7. Vol. xix. 28 On a new Frog from Brazil. lines along tlie nape and two blaek streaks on each side of the head and neck ; the median nnehal line and the two lateral streaks conlinned on the bodv, fading to reddish brown behind ; lower parts uniform white, rnm. Total leng’tli lo7 TTead...; AVbdth of head From end of snout to fore limb Fore limb , TIind limb Tail Two male specimens from near Berbera, Somaliland (alt. up to 400 feet), collected by ]\lr. G. W. Bury. This species comes very near to L. Boscw, Bedr., which differs in Itaving the dorsal scales smooth (except near the tai!) and the dark lines in even number. 19 o2 10 . /) XLYIir. — Descripfion of a new Frog of the Genus Telmatobius/rom Brazil. By G. A. BOULENGER, F.R.S. Ttlmatohius asper. Vcmeiine teeth in two rounded groups behind the level of the choarse. Head a little bia ader than long ; snout rounded, longer than the ej’e ; no canthus rostralis ; nostril nearer the end of the snout than the eye ; interorbital space a little broader than the upper eyelid ; no tympanum. Fingers moderate, witli slightly swollen tips, first not extending quite as far as second ; toes with swollen tips, nearly entirely webbed; subarticular tubercles well developed, flat; an oval inner and a rounded outer metatarsal tubercle. The tibio- tarsal articulation reaches the eye. ^kin of upper parts closely studded with small warts, each bearing a pearl- like horny tubercle; lower parts smooth. Blackish brown above, with or without large yellowish blotches on the back and a cross-bar between the upper eyelids; limbs with yrllowish cross-bars; lower parts brown. Male with an internal vocal sac. From snout to vent 50 mm. Four i^pecimens from Theresopolis, Santa Catharina, collected by Mr. J. MichaGis. ]\Ir. W. L. Distant on Ilomoptera. 395 XLIX. — Rhynchotal Notes. — XLII. By W. L. Distant. Fam. Fulgoridse (continued from p. 295). Subfam. Derbinjs. During the preparation of these pages my attention was drawn to a ‘Report of Work of the Experiment Station of the Hawaiian Sugar Planters’ Association/ Bull. No. 1, pt. 9 (Honolulu, 1906). This part is entitled “ Leaf- Hoppers and their Natural Enemies,” by G. W. Kirkaldy, but in fact consists very largely, if not principally, of descriptions of Australian species of Fulgorida3, with some figures and many indications of new genera. It is singular that, as most of the species described in this fugitive report are from Queensland, there should be so little identity with the species of Derbinm from the same locality described in this paper. I have, however, carefully studied Kirkaldy’s indica- tions of his new genera : those he has figured cause little difficulty ; but those without illustration are quite different, as in most instances he has scarcely referred to the tegmina and wings, so important in this subfamily, and thus his publication is left in a rudimentary condition. The figures here given will, however, prevent further confusion, and if any synonymy is found to exist, which I doubt, it may induce Mr. Kirkaldy in future to amplify his generic indications. Genus Dekbe. Derhe, Fabr. Sjst. Rliyng. p. 80 (1803). Type, D. hcjeniorrhoidalis, Fabr. Dtrhe longitadi nails., sp. n. Body pale brownish ochraceous, above with a broad central longitudinal piceous fascia occupying the whole of vertex of head and continued to apex of abdomen ; face and clypeus fuscous brown; body beneath and legs pale ochraceous; abdomen above with the lateral margins and apex fuscous brown ; tegmina and wings pale luteous, the veins fuscous brown, on basal half of tegmen there are also some inter- mediate longitudinal fuscous-brown streaks, of which the most prominent are in the subcostal, radial, and claval areas ; face concave, with a central incised line, the lateral margins strongly ridged ; clypeus centrally and laterally carinate ; mesonoturn tricarinate ; pronotum centrally carinate : scutel- lum strongly and broadly centrally sulcate. 28* 39G ]\lr. W. L. Distant on Ilomoptera. Long., excl. tegm., min. ; exp. tegm. 26 to 2S mm. Hah. Bolivia (J. Sleinhach, Brit. Mus.) ; Ecuador; (yficliabd (Rosp.yiherg , Brit. Mus.). In tlie smaller and varietal specimen from Ecuador tlie subapical area to tlie tegmina and the apex of the wings are also fuscous brown. Genus Mysidia. Mysidia, Westw. Trans. Linn. Soc. xix. p. 5 (1842). Type, M. ixdlida, Fabr. Mijsidia nehidosa. Derhe nehulosa, Germ, in Then, Ent. Arch. ii. 2, p. >56 (18-30). Mysidia nehulosa, Walk. List Horn., Suppl. p. 97 (1858). Walker {supra), evidently with a rio-ht determination, described this species as new. Fowler (Biol. Centr.-Am., Bhynch. Horn, ii, p. 73) has followed Walker. Mysidia Steinhachij sp. n. Body and legs pale stramineous; tegmina and wings creamy white, subhyaline, the first with a fuscous spot extending from costa at about one third from base across radial area, between this spot and apex is another very pale brownish transverse costal spot not reaching middle of tegmen, some of the discal transverse veins also of the same colour ; wings with a pale fuscous costal spot at about one third from base which crosses radial area, the discal transverse vein pale brownish ; face narrow, broadened towards clypeus, lateral margins strongly ridged ; clypeus not or very obsoletel}^ carinate. Long., excl. tegm , ,3 mm. ; exp. tegm. 17 mm. flah. Bolivia (J. Sleinhach, Brit. Mus.). From the description apparently allied io 1\[. y^nneta, Fabr. ]\hjsidia jamaicensis, sp. n. Body and legs very pale luteous; tegmina and wings pale creamy, semiopaque, the venation darker, two black s[)ots above clavus, the smallest near its base, the largest near i(s a])ex, two black subapical spots, the uppermost smallest, two black dots in basal third of costal area, remaining costal area a little darker with pale spots; wings with a transverse series of three small irregular spots at about one third from base. Mr. W. L. Distant on Ilomoptera. 31)7 Ijong’., excl. tegin., 3 mm.; exp. tegra. 13 mm. JIah. Jamaica; Moneague (Cruise of ‘Valhalla/ M. J. JSicoll, Brit. M'us.). Mysidia glauca, sp. n. Head and pronotum very pale brownish ochraceous ; sternum with sanguineous markings ; body beneath and legs very pale brownish, somewhat greyishly tomentose ; abdomen above pale bluish; tegmina and wings pale bluish, in some lights with a bronzy tint ; mesonotum distinctly tricarinate ; tace and clypeus centrally sanguineous, the lateral margins ridged. Long., excl. tegm.^ 3 mm. ; exp. tegm. 15 mm. Hah. Lower Amazons; Parana de Buyassu [E.E. Austen^ Brit. Mus.). Genus Phenice. Fhenice, Westw. Trans. Linn. Soc. xix. p. 10 (1842), Type, P. fritillanSj Boh. Phenice australis^ sp. n. Head and pronotum dark chocolate-brown, the carinations greyish white ; metaiiotum and scutellutn greyish white ; abdomen above black, with a central longitudinal greyish- white ridge ; head and sternum beneath dark chocolate-brown ; abdomen beneath black ; legs stramineous ; tegmina black, a large claval spot extending upward, but not reaching radial vein, a large irregular spot beyond middle extending from radial vein to inner margin, a series of spots to costal area, becoming duplicated near apex, and apical marginal spots greyish white, in the large pale spot beyond middle, but not in the claval spot, the veins are black ; wings piceous brown, posterior margin broadly greyish white divided by piceous veins. Long., excl. tegm., 3 mm.; exp. tegm. 17 mm. Hah. Queensland [E. P. Dodd.^ Brit. Mus.). Allied to the Indian species P, moesta^ Westw. Akfaka, gen. nov. Head (including eyes) very much narrower than pronotum ; vertex narrow, triangular, widened posteriorly, distinctly pioduced in front of eyes, centrally longitudinally deflected ; lace laterally compressed, convex, centrally very narrow, linear, a little widened anteriorly, centrally longitudinally 398 Mr. W. L. Distant on Ilomoptcra. narrowly silicate; clypens about as lon^ as face, tricarinate ; antemia3 inserted beneath eyes, second joint moderately long and incrassate ; ])ronotum short and strongly laterally emar- ginate posteriorly, strongly centrally carinate ; meson otum long, tricarinate, anteiiorly somewhat strongly narrowed ; legs moderately long and slender, posterior tarsi with the basal joint long and moderately thickened ; tegmina broadened before middle, a little convexly narrowed to apex, which is truncate, costal area with five transverse veins, upjier apical area with four large cells, radial area witli a transverse vein )iear middle, and a broken series of discal transverse veins in longitudinal sequence ; wings narrow, less than half the length of tegmina, a transverse vein before middle. Allied to Pamendanga, Dist., but differing by the narrow face, longer clypeus, different shape of the mesonotum, &c. Type, A. decisa^ Dist. At f aka decisa, sp. n. decisa, "Walker, M8. Body and legs stramineous ; vertex of head, pronotum, and carinations and posterior margin to mesonotum, greyish white; on each side of pronotum, behind eyes, a testaceous spot ; eyes brownish testaceous ; apices of the tarsi black ; tegmina and wings pale hyaline, with the venation prominent and black. Long., excl. tegm., 4 mm.; exp. tegm. 16 mm. Hah, New Guinea {Wallace^ Brit. Mus.). A specimen of this species in the British Museum is labelled d(ci'sa in Walkei-’s handwriting, but I cannot trace any publication of a description. SiKAiANA, gen. nov. Head (including eyes) very much narrower than pronotum ; vertex narrow, triangular, widened posteriorly, its apex a little prominent; face extremely narrow and linear, appearing as a line only between the eyes ; clypeus about half the length of face, centrally and laterally carinate; antenna3 inserted beneath eyes, very robust, second joint longer than third ; ])ronoturn short, very broadly transverse, very strongly centrally carinate; mesonotum tricarinate; legs moderately long and slender; tegmina broadened towards middle, a little convexly narrowed to apex which is rounded, costal membrane with some indistinct transverse ^eins, radial area short, dis- coidal areas four, aj)ical areas six, a series of transverse veins Mr. W. L. Distant on IIomop!era. 39D roiintl apical margin ; wings mucli less tlian half the lengtli of tegmina, discoidal areas long and narrow, a transverse vein near middle of anal area ; apical areas four. Allied to Pamendangn ^ DIst. '^I’yi^e, S. hyalinata^ Dist. ]ly tlie shape of the pronotum this genus seems to be allied to Basil eocephal us, Kirk., but the antennae are not short as described in that genus, nor are the lateral areas of the pronotum “ foliaceous, recurved, practically enclosing the antennie.’'’ The only reference to the tegmina and wings given by Kiikaldy is that the first are elongate, narrow,” and the second are not mentione 1. It is therefore impossible to locate the po^^itioti of Basileoceplialus in the Derbinse. Sikaiana liyalinata, sp. n. Body and legs very pale tawny yellow, slightly greyishly tomentose ; eyes black; tegmina and wings pale hyaline, tlie venation darker or more ochraceous; tegmina with some pale sanguineous spots on costal area, becoming more numerous Fig. 1. near apex, Inner and apical margins a little clouded with pale fuscous; wings with the apical veins and the transverse vein on anal area very slightly and palely fuscous. Long., excl. tegm., 2 mm. ; exp. tegm. llj mm. llah. Queensland {k\ P, Dodd, Brit. Mus.j. Sikaiana maculosa, sp. n. Head with the margins of vertex greyish white, the eyes dark castaneous ; pronotum veiy } ale tawny; rnesonotum pale tawny brown, the carinations gieyish; abdomen abjve 400 Mr. W. L. Distant on ITomoptera. and beneatli ocliraceons, with some castaneous suffusions, especially on the lateral areas ; sternum and legs stramitieous ; tegmina and wings pale hyaline with some opaline reflections ; tegmina with the base narrowly pale ochraceous, terminating in a subbasal fuscous spot on costal area, a somewhat large fuscous spot before apex of costal area, another near apex, a series of smaller fuscous spots on apical margin, and a still smaller spot on upper vein of radial area ; wings with some subapical marginal spots; antennae robust, ochraceous, third joint infuscate. Long., excl. tegm.y 2 mm. ; exp. 10 mm. Hah. Queensland [F. P. Dodd, Brit. Mus.). Genus ZORATDA. Thracin, Westw, Trans. Linn. Soc. xix. p. 10 (1842), nom. prqeocc. Zoraida, Kiik. Entomologist, 1900, p. 242, n. nom. Type, Z. sinuosa, Westw. Zoraida nivifera. Thracia nimfera, Walk. Journ. Linn. Soc., Zool. x. p. 137 (1867). Thracia abrujda^ Walk. loc. cit. Hah. Batchian, Gilolo. Zoraida costalis. Thracia costalis, Walk. Jonrn. Linn. Soc., Zool. x. p. 136 (1867). Thracia dorsalis, Walk. loc. cit. p. 137. Hah. Batchian, New Guinea. Zoraida scutellaris. Thracia scutellaris. Walk. Journ. Linn. Soc., Zool. x. p. 135 (1867). Thracia anticalis, Walk. loc. cit. p. 136. Thracia sea notata, Walk. loc. cit. p. 139. Hah. Morty, Mysol, Aru. Zoraida Walkeri, n. nom. Thracia nervosa, AValk. Journ. Linn. Soc., Zool. x. p. 135 (1867), nom. piaeocc. Hah. Mysol, New Guinea. Zoraida horneensis, sp. n. Head, pronotum, mesonotum, body beneath, and legs stramineous ; abdomen above brownish ochraceous, it and 401 Mr. W. L. Distant on llomoptera. the scutellnm more or less eretaeeously sericeous ; teg- miiia hyaline, basal third suffused witli ochraceous, the costal area creamy white containing a few brown spots, the sub- costal area beyond middle is mostly black, with the veins defining it sanguineous, and beneath the lower vein the black is continued in some prominent angulations, inner and apical margin with small piceous spots at the* apices of the veins, the apex has also a subapical transverse line of small spots, most of the transverse veins fuscous ; mesonotum prominently tricarinate, the central carination continued through pro- noturn ; clypeus centrally and laterally carinate. Long., excl. tegm., 5 to 5^ mm. ; exp. tegm. 28 mm. Hah, Borneo ; Sandakan {W. B. Fryer ^ Brit. Mus.), Zoraida erythractiSj sp. n. Body and legs dark ochraceous ; vertex of head, lateral margins of pro- and mesonota, abdominal anal segment, longitudinal streaks to femora and sternum, and abdomen beneath sanguineous ; tegmina hyaline, crossed by three broad pale fuscous fasciae, the first about one third from base, the second just beyond middle, and the third at apex; in these dark fasciae the veins are red, remaining venation yellowish; costal area yellowish, reddish from base to first dark fascia and from second dark fascia to apex ; wings hyaline, with the venation darker; second joint of antennm reddish, longer than head and pronotum together; nieso- notura distinctly tricarinate, the central carination continued through the pronotum. Long., excl. tegm., 5 mrn.; exp. tegm. 25 mm. Hub. Borneo; Kuching. Zoraida cycnoptera^ sp. n. Pronotum, mesonotum, scutellum, body beneatli, and lec^s stramineous; abdomen above, posterior disk of pronotum vertex of head, face, and clypeus testaceous ; tegmina hyaline, tlie venation fuscous, costal area for about one third from base fuscous brown, with creamy-white spots, remainino’ area ochraceous, with a prominent black spot before apex, costal and subcostal veins testaceous red, upper apical area piceous apical inargiii and extremities of apical veins testaceous red in S in $ the tvvo central extremities stramineous ; wino-s hyaline, the venation fuscous; mesonotum tricarinate, the central carination continued through pronotum ; clypeus centrally and laterally carinate. 402 Mr. W. L. Distant on llomoptera. Long., excl. tegm., ^ 4^^ ? G mm. ; exp. tegm., ^ 24, ? oO mm. JIah. Queensland {F. P. Dodd^ Brit. Mus.). Allied to Z. Essingtoni, Westw. Zoraida eupoecila, sp. n. Head, antenna^ pronotum, mesonotam, scntellum, and abdomen tawny brown ; sternum and legs stramineous ; carinations to pronotum and m.esonotum distinctly paler and pale ocliraceous in hue ; eyes black ; tegmina very pale fuliginous, subliyaline, infuscated on basal area, wliere there is a distinct white spot beneath radial area, veins fuscous, costal area greyish white, with an elongate fuscous spot near middle and another nearer apical area; beneath the costal area the colour is narrowly fuscous, broken with a large creamy- white spot just before the second dark spot in costal area, costal margin at apex testaceous, and the apical margin creamy white, before the latter a transverse series of four small fuscous spots placed on the veins, a large fuscous spot at end of clavus; wings very pale fuliginous, with the veins tu'cous ; second joint of antennjc robust, as long as head and thorax together. Long., excl. tegm., 5 mm.; exp. tf^gm. 22 mm. Hah. Queensland; Kuranda [F. P. Fodd, Brit. Mas.). Zoraida consanguineay sp. n. Allied to Z. eiipoecilay and differing principally by the tegmina, hich are very much more broadly and regularly fuscous beneath the costal area, the latter creamy white, witli three elongate fuscous spots on basal third, subapical trans- verse spots obsolete, veins todiscoidal areas more transversely and less longitudinally oblique. T.ong., excl. tegm., 4 mm. ; exp. tegm. 18-23 mm. ' llah. Queensland (A. P. Dodd, Brit. Mus.). Zoraida cydistay sp. n. Head (including eyes) ferruginous brown ; thorax above stramineous, mesonotum a little transversely piceous near base; scutellum cretaceously white; abdomen above testa- ceous, basal half of disk cretaceously white; body beneath and legs stramineous; tegmina hyaline, venation fuscous; costa, costal and subcostal veins purplish red, beyond middle tlie spaces between these veins are ])iceous ; beneath and attached to the lower red veins some })iceoiis spots, of vvdiich 403 ^Ir. W. L. Distant on TTomopteva. tlie most prominent are one about middle and another nearer apex, apical marg’in between the veins piceous ; wings hyaline, the venation fuscous; antennae with the second joint stra- mineous, its apex ocliraceous, as long as head ami thorax together ; mesonotum distinctly tricarinate, the carinations very slightly paler. I.orig., excl. tegm., 3 mm.; exp. tegm. 19-21 mm. Hub. Queensland {F. P. Dodd^ Brit. iMus.). Zoraidi picta^ sp. n. Above and beneath pale ocliraceous ; eyes black ; pro- notum stramineous ; abdomen above with angulate fasciate sanguineous markings and with a curved black discal line on each side a little beyond middle ; tegmina hyaline, the veins fuscous, costal area pale testaceous, an oblique black spot in subcostal area at about two thirds from base and a black spot at its apex, the veins emanating from the subcostal vein black at their bases ; mesonotum faintly tricarinate ; second joint of antennse minutely black-speckled, with its apex dai’ker ocliraceous, as long as head and thorax together. Long., excl. tegm., 4^ mni. ; exp. tegm. 21: mni. Huh. Queensland [F. P. Dodd^ Brit. Mus.). Genus DroNA. Drona, Dist. Faun. B. I., Rhyncli. hi. p. 305 (1906). Type, Jd. carnosuy Weslw. In describing this genus, founded on the type of Westwood’s carnosa contained in the British Museum, and a somewhat antique specimen, I could not see any carinations to the mesonotum, nor could the artist who drew the figure. ISince then I have been able to examine specimens in better con- dition, and the mesonotum niUFt be described as tricarinate, even if in some examples faintly so. The male anal armature is a very prominent character. Drona lanius. Derhe lanius, Stal, Ofv'. Vet -Ak. Forli. 1855, p. 94. Thracia lanius, Still, Hem. Atf. iv. p. 195 (I860). llah. Caffraria. Drona opicalis. Thracia apicalis, Hagl. Ofv. Vet.-Ak. Forh. 1899, p. C4. 404 ]\lr. W. L. Distant on llomoptera. Drona Graliaml^ sp. n. Docly and legs testaceous red ; tegmina subliyaline, sliglitly fuliginous, veins a little darker, costal margin and subcostal vein piceous ; costal area and stigma tlavescent ; wings flavescent, posterior margin broa lly piceous, a somewhat large spot near middle of anterior margin black ; male with three long anal a])pendages, the uppermost defieeted from near base arid directed downwards, its apex acute, the two lowermost directed sti’ongly outwards and then as strongly directed inwardly and downward; mesonotum tricarinate. Jiong., excl. tegm., 3 mm.; exp. tegm. IG mm. IL.h. Ashanti; Obuasi (IV, M. Graham ^ Brit. Mus.). Drona hiclavata. Derhe (The7}{ce?) bichivaia, Westw. Ann. & Ma^. Nat. Ilkt. (2) vii. p. 209 (1851). Tlah. Congo. A remnant of the type of this species is in the British Museum collection, which, with the description given by ^V estwood, leaves no reasonable doubt that it should be included in the genus Drona. Camma, gen. nov. Vertex of head projecting a little in front of eyes, a little narrowed anteriorly, the margins strongly ridged, the anterior margin notched ; face elongate, widest at base, margins strongly ridged, downwardly recurved, shorter than clypeiis; antennse inserted beneath eyes, second joint moderately long and globose ; pronotum narrow, its posterior margin strongly concavely sinuate, centrally longitudinally carinate ; meso- notum tricarinate, the lateral carinations sinuate, the central carination straight ; legs simple ; tegmina about three times as long as broad, somewhat narrow at base, the costal area strongly convexly ampliated to about one third from base, radial area veiy long, crossed near middle by a transverse vein, a cential longitudinal series of transverse veins defining a series of discoidal areas, apical areas short, four in number ; wings little more than one tliird the length of tegmina, nanow, apically widened. d'ype, C. ctUatata^ Westw. My. W. L. Distant on llomoptera. 405 Gamma dllatata. Devhe {Phenice?) dilatata, "Westw. Ann. & Mag'. Xat. Hist. (2) vii. p. 209 (1851)'. llah. Sierra Leone (type in Brit. Mas.). Fig'. 2. Camma dilaiata, Westw. Genus VlVAHA. Vivaha, Dist. Faun. B. I., Rhyncli. iii. p. 307 (1900). Type, V. facialisj Dist. Vivaha saniosa, sp. n. Body and legs very pale stramineous ; vertex (excluding margins), upper lateral sides of vertex and front of face, and a central longitudinal fascia to mesonotum and scutellum sanguineous ; tegraina pale semihyaline, the venation pale stramineous, inner margin to a little beyond end of clavus and a spot above apex of clavus sanguineous, beyond the red inner margin the apical margin is ochiaceous; wings pale hyaline ; head jjroduced in front of eyes into a broad flattened laminate process. Long., excl. tegm., 4 mm. ; exp. tegm. 16 mm. IJab. Queensland (A". P. Doddj Brit. Mus.). Vivaha delicata. Interamma delicata, Walk. Joiirn. Liim. Soc., Zool. x. p. 118, pi. iii. tig'. 0 (1807). Hub. New Guinea. The InUramma angunta, Walk., may also belong to the genus Vivaha^ but the unique typical specimen in the British Museum is without a head. 408 ]\rr. W. L. Distant on llomoptera. Arunta, gen. nov. Vertex of head longly produced in front of eyes, broad, laterally sinuate, apically widened and centrally notched on anterior margin ; antenna? inserted at some distance beneath eyes, second joint long and broad ; head laterally broad and sj)a(ulate, very much compressed, face very long, attenuated centrally, marginally strongly ridged ; cly[)eus short, globose ; pronotum moderately triangularly anteriorly produced, its ])Osterior margin equally angularly sinuate ; mesonotum tricarinate, apical joint of rostrum very short ; legs slender; tegmina elongate, gradually broadening to apex, which is trun- cate, discoidal areas four, lowermost longest, second shortest and triangular ; wings a little shorter than tegmina, but considerably broader, two subapical transverse veins, third apical area short, triangular. Type, A. rubrovenoba, Dist. Allied to Phantasmatocera^ Kirk., from which it differs by the different shape and structure of the head, the longer antenna?, apically truncate tegmina, with short and less numerous apical areas. In his short generic indication Kirkaldy does not refer to the wings. Arunta ruhrovenosa^ sp. n. Head creamy white, margins of face as far as eyes black ; Fig. 3. face before eyes pale ochraccous ; clypeus and inner margnn of eyes black ; eyes and second joint of antennie luscous 407 ]\Ii’. W. L. Distant on Ilomoptera. brown; pronotum creamy white; mesonotiun oeliraceou^, with a black fascia near each anterior lateral margin ; tegmina creamy white, subhyaline, interior area from base to lower apical area pale fuscous, the discoidal longitudinal veins san- guineous, tlie transverse veins fuscous; wings pale creamy white, subhyaline. Long., excl. tegm., 2^ mm. ; exp. tegm. 8 mm. llah. Queensland [F, F. Dodd, Brit. Mas.). Kuranda, gen. nov. Vertex of head somewhat longly produced in front of eyes, narrowed anteriorly, lateral margins very strongly ridged ; head laterally much compressed, face long and slender, slightly widened towards clypeus, 'which is very much shorter than face; antennte inserted at some distance beneath eyes, the second jh)int very long and robust ; pronotum very short ; mesonotum subelongate, faintly carinate; tegmina more than three times longer than broad, apically rounde.l, apical areas short and continued round apex of costal margin, costal area moderately broad ; wings broader and shorter than teginina. Type, K. notata. List. liuranda notatOj sp. n. Body and legs pale ochraceous, eyes and antennae black ; tegmina very pale creamy ochraceous, with four piceous spots, I'ig. 4. Kuranda notata, Dist. the smallest near base, two discal, and one near apical margin ; wings pale hyaline. 408 ]\Ir. W. L. Distant on lIomo{)tera. Var. — Tc'grnina with an irregular ])iceous fascia extending from the basal spot to near apex of inner margin. Jjong., exel. tegm., 8-^ mm. ; exp. tegm. 10 mm. JIah. Queensland ; Kuranda {F. P, Doddj Brit. Mus.). Makula, gen. nov. Vertex of head broad, modei-ately produced in front of eyes, triangularly foveate on disk, lateral areas of head broad, compressed, face narrow, curved downward, not continuous with the clypeus, which is very robust ; pronotum very narrow ; mesonoturn elongate, tricarinate, tlie central carina- tion straight and almost percurrent, the lateral carinations short and curved inwardly; legs simple; tegmina about three times as long as broad, costal margin sinuate, apex obtusely rounded, two series of transverse veins, the first a little beyond middle, and non-continuoiis, defining five discoidal areas, the second series more continuous, subapical, and enclosing the apical areas ; wings shorter and broader than the tegmina. Type, M. ornata^ Dist. Makula ornata^ sp. n. Head, pronotum, scutellum, body beneath, and legs stra- mineous ; abdomen above fuscous, the lateral areas and apex Fig. 5. Maliula ornata, Dist. stramineous ; tegmina greyish white, subhyaline, a large oblique spot before middle, commencing near inner margin 409 W. L. Distant on Ilomoptera. and terminatlno* at lower raargni of radial area, a small streak on costal margin beyond middle, and a broken apical spot which is rnore faintly continued to inner margin, fuscous or piceous, on the area of these apical fuscous suffusions the veins are sanguineous; wings pale hyaline. Long., excl. tegm., 2 mm. ; exp. tegm. 10 mm. llab. Queensland (Z^. P. Dodd^ Brit. Mus.). Malaila parviceps. Briria parvice.ps ^ Walk. Journ. Linn. Soc., Zool. x. p. 11.3 (1867). Hab. My sol. Makiila pictipennis. 7?rm« Walk. Journ, Linn. Soc., Zool. x. p. 113 (1807). Ilah. Morty. Makula testacea. Brixia testacea, Walk. Journ, Linn. Soc., Zool. x. p. 115 (1867). Ilah. My sol. Genus BhoTANA. Bhotana, Walk. Journ. Linn. Soc., Zool. i. p. 160 (1857). d’ype, li. latipennisj Walk. Walker gave a wrong reference to his figure of the type. It should be pi. viii. fig. 1, and the type of Paricancij Walk., should be pi. viii. fig. 2. Rhotana ramentosa, sp. n. Body very pale testaceous, more or less greyishly tornen- tose ; eyes black; legs stramineous; tegmina subhyaline, talc-like, more or less iridescent, the veins ochraceous, the series of transverse veins separating the apical areas, and most of the apical veins, broadly ochraceous, costal area pale, with two dark costal marginal spots, one before and one at apex, a small dark spot on costal margin above the series of transverse subapical veins, and another beneath these veins on inner margin, a similar small spot on apical margin, a transverse creamy-white spot in costal area beyond middle ; wings pale hyaline ; tegmina with the transverse subapical series of veins posteriorly curved and terminating near apex of clavus ; apical areas short. Long., excl. tegm., 3 mm.; exp. tegm. 12 mm. Hah. Queensland (F. P. Dodd^ Brit. Mus.). Ann. (k i\[ag. N. Hist. Ser. 7. Vol. xix. 29 410 j\Ir. W. L. Distant on liomoptera. Rhotana transversa^ sp. n. Body above ochraceous, beneath with legs paler ; scntel- lurn pale sanguineous ; tegmina and wings subhyaline, talc- like^ the veins more or less ochraceous ; tegmina crossed by two narrow very pale fuscous transverse fascise, the first at about one third from base and not extending to the costal area, the second subapical, between is a third very short fascia, commencing on costal margin and only extending about one third across tegmen, a spot on costal area above the first fascia and a series of small spots on apical margin. Allied to R. ramentosay Dist., but to be easily separated from that species by the direction of the subapical transverse fascia, which follows the direction of the subapical transverse veins and is not curved inwardly to apex of clavus as in R. ramentosay but terminates near posterior angle of the inner margin. Long., excl. tegm., 2 mm.; exp. tegm. 9 mm. Hub. Queensland (A. P. Doddy Brit. Mus.). Rhotana opalinOy sp. n. Body and legs pale ochraceous; disk of mesonotum, scutellum, and body beneath sanguineous; eyes black; tegmina subhyaline, talc- like, with opaline redections, the venation ochraceous, a subapical undulating fascia, preceded by two short fascia?, extending from costa to near middle of tegmen, the outer half of inner margin^ and a series of small apical marginal spots very pale fuscous, a central edge-like spot to costal margin, edge of apical margin, and the apices of the upper apical veins white ; wings pale hyaline ; tegmina with the costal margin somewhat strongly sinuate beyond middle, the transverse series of subapical veins not poste- riorly curved inwards, but nearly straightly transverse. Long., excl. tegm., 2 mm.; exp. tegm. 9 mm. Hab. Queensland (A. P. JJoddy Brit. Mus.). Rhotana septemmaculatay sp. n. Body and legs pale ochraceous, beneath a little paler than above ; tegmina and wings pale hyaline, talc-like, the vena- tion ochraceous; tegmina with a broad, outwardly ajigulate, pale ochraceous lascia at about one third from base, and two narrow, transverse, subapical, pale fuscous fasciae, a cluster of about seven prominent black spots, which are somewhat arranged in two longitudinal series on inner apical area. Long., excl. tegm., 2^ mm.; exp. tegm. 9 mm. Hab. Queensland (F. P. Roddy Brit. Mus.). ]\Ir. \V. L. Distant on llonioptera . 411 Rhotana quadrimacalata, sp. n. Body and legs ocliraceous ; tegmina pale sliming oclira- ceous, with opaline reflections, the subapical transverse veins and the longitudinal veins to apical areas testaceous, a central apical marginal series of four black spots, each placed near the apex of a longitudinal vein ; wings pale hyaline, with opaline lustre; the subapical series of transverse veins continued inwardly to apex of clavus. Long., excl. tegin., mm. ; exp. tegm. 11 mm. Hah, Queensland [b\ P. Dodd^ Brit. Mus.). Kirkaldy (Rep. Exp. IStat. Haw. Plant. Assoc, pi. ix. p. 4o5) has described two species of Rhotana from Queens- land. Of the first, R, chrysonoe^ the British Museum possesses a single carded specimen, which appears to agree with the description and has now been doubtfully labelled as that species in the collection. The description of the second species is inadequate for identitication without seeing a typical specimen. ^ Genus Nisia. Nisia, Melich. Horn. Faim. Ce}don, p. 53 (1903) ; Dist. Faun. B. I., Khyncli. iii. pp. & 309 (1900j ; Kirk. liep. Exp. IStat. flaw. Plant. Assoc, pt. ix. p. 427 (1900). Kirkaldy writes: ‘^This genus seems to be but slightly differentiated from Kermeaia, Melich.” On the contrary, the shape of the tegmina is quite divergent and the number of apical areas different, eight or nine in Kermesia, five in JSisia, Genus PlIACONEURA. Pliaconeura, Kirk. Rep. Exp. Stat. llaw. Idant. Assoc, pt. ix. p. 427 (1900). Type, P. Froggatti, Kirk. It IS necessary to point out that Kirkaldy, in the short description of his typical species, refers to pi. xxix. figs. 5—6, whereas it should be, as later on correctly stated m the “Description of Plates,” j)l. xxix. figs. 3-4. Fenuahala, gen. nov. Vertex of head projecting a little in front of eyes, gradually narrowing to apex, its margins very strongly ridged ; lateral areas of iiead compressed; face long and narrow, medially attenuated; clypeus almost as long as face ; antennal inserted nearer base of clypeus than to eyes, ihe second joint long, 412 Mr. W. L. Distant on Homoptera. broad, and spalulate ; apical joint of rostrum minute ; pro- noturn veiy short, triangularly sinuate ; mesonoturn with its anterior margin strongly angulate, discally tricarinate ; legs sim[)le; tegmina about three times as long as broad, apically ampliated, apical margin subtruncate, a subapical line formed by transverse veins separating a number of short apical areas, which commence at apex of costal margin and are con- tinued to near end of clavus, wdiere they are larger, a trans- verse vein beyond apex of radial area; wings extending to posterior angle of inner margin of tegmina, a prominent transverse vein beyond apex of radial area. Type, F. infiiscata^ Dist. This genus appears to have some affinity wdth Heronao'^ Kiik., but it is impossible to form a definite opinion. In the indications given of that genus Kirkaldy writes: Allied to Futara, Westwmod, but the venation is different.” lie, however, abstains from any description of the venation, nor does he mention the tegmina either as regards shape or breacfth, or in relation to the wings, wdiich are also not alluded to. FennahaJa iufuscata^ sp. r. Body above pale dull umber-browm, abdomen with darker and paler suffusions; body beneath a little paler than above; Tig. (t. Fem(ah(da infvscdta, Dist. legs stramineous, apices of femora and annulations to tlbim fuscous brown ; tegmina pale hyaline, talc-like, the veins 413 Mr. ^\^ L. Distant on Ilonioptera. fuscous brown, the same colour more or less suffuses the apical areas and irregularly appears on disk and more palely so in clavus, costal area vvdth transverse fuscous spots; near centre of subapical margin is a prominent piceous spot ; wings pale liyaline. Long., excl. tegm,, 3 mm. ; exp. tegm. Id mm. llah. Queensland; Kuranda [F.P. Dodd^ Brit. Mus.). Fenaahala rubrinervis^ sp. n. Body above fuscous, more or less greyishly tomentose, lateral margins of the vertex of head greyish white ; antennag, body beneath, and legs very pale ochraceous ; eyes dark castaneous ; tegmina greyish subhyaline, with dark fuscous markings, the principal greyish areas being costal and claval, three small discal spots, and three large irregular spots on a})ical area, three small fuscous spots in costal area beyond middle, veins to apical marginal areas sanguineous; wings very pale fuligitious with a slight opaline lustre, veins dark fuscous. Long., excl. tegm., mm.; exp. tegm. 14 mm. Hab. Queensland ; Cairns District [F. F. JJodd^ Brit, Mus.). Fenuahala juno^ sp. n. Body above piceous ; body beneath and legs stramineous, lateral margins of sternum and lateral marginand apical area of abdomen piceous ; tegmina piceous, the veins to apical marginal areas sanguineous, on under surface the costal margin beyond middle also sanguineous; wings very pale fuliginous, the veins darker. Long., excl. tegm., 2 mm. ; exp. tegm. 12 mm. Hah. Queensland; Kuranda [F. P. Dodd, Brit. Mus.). A small species, to be recognized by its very distinct coloration. FenuaJtala pallescensj sp. n. Body above pale tawny, more or less greyishly tomentose ; vertex of liead cretaceous white ; eyes piceous ; body beneath and legs stramineous, apex of abdomen slightly testaceous ; tegmina and wings subhyaline, with a slight opaline lustre, the veins very pale dull ochraceous ; tegmina with the inner claval margin pale dull ochraceous. Long., excl. tegm., 2^ mm. ; exp. tegm. 12^ mm. llab. Queensland [F. P. Dodd^ Brit. Mus.). 414 ^Ir. AV. L. Distant on Ilomoptcra. Urabunna, gen. nov. Vertex of head moderately ])rojecting beyond eyes, nar- rowing to apex, which is angularly sinuate, margins strongly ridged ; face narrow, lateral margins stiongly ridged, a little widened posteriorly, longer than clypeus ; rostrum with the apical joint minute ; antennre short, globose, inserted imme- diately beneath eyes ; pronotum short, concavely sinuate ; mesonotum tricarinate; legs simple; tegmina elongate, more than three times longer than broad, costal margin prominently arched a little beyond base, thence somewhat narrowed to apex, which is moderately rounded, two transverse veins near middle, one beyond clavus, another limiting penultimate apical area, and two or three subapical, which help to detine a series of short apical areas continued round apex of costal margin ; wings ample, much broader than tegmina, about reaching posterior angle of tegminal inner margin, the apical veins very pronounced. Type, U. lineata^ Dist. Urahunna lineata, sp. n. Body and legs dull ochraceous; abdomen somewhat greyishly tomentose ; tegmina pale greyish subhyaline, much suffused wdth fuscous brown, costal area pale, traversed by a broken, longitudinal, piceous, linear fascia Avhich almost Fig. 7. reaches apex ; wings hyaline, the apical veins })roniinent and infuscate. Long., excl. tegm., 3 mm. ; exp. tegm. 13-14 mm. Hah. Queensland [F. F. Dodd, Brit. Mus.). ]\Ir. W. L. Distant on Ilornoptera. 415 Appendix. I have furtlier examined Mr. Kirkaldjhs paper describing Australian Fulgoridie under the title of “Leaf-Hoppers and their Natural Enemies/’ published at Honolulu, in comparison with the descriptions of some Queensland Fulgoridse which have appeared in these pages and elsewhere. The following notes are necessary. 8 u b fa m . E ur ybraciiybinm. Dardus ohscnrm. Dardus ohscurm, Dist. Trans. Ent. Soc, Lond. 1892, p. 283. Dardus immaculatm, Kirk. Rep. Exp. Stat. Haw. Riant. Assoc, pt. ix. p. 446 (1906). Hob. Queensland. Subfam. Dictyoruarinje, Eictyopliara hifasciata. Dictyophora hifasciata, Hist. Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. 1892, p. 279. Thanatodictya (^Lucinda) lucinda, Kirk. Rep. Exp. Stat. flaw. Plant. Assoc, pt. ix. p. 392 (1906). Ilab. Queensland. DictyopJiara insignis, Dictyophora insignis, Hist. Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. 1892, p. 279. Thanatodictya {Niculda) anadyomene, Kirk. Rep. Exp. Stat. Haw. Plant. Assoc, pt. ix. p. 393 (1906). S u b f a m . CixiiNAE . In the genus Oliarus Kirkaldy has described nine Aus- tralian species, and I have described two from Queensland, which, even by the aid of his tabular synopsis, I cannot decide as synonymic or otherwise. One thing, however, is certain, we have both used luhra as a specific name ; I therefore alter mine. Oliarus incerta^ n. noin. Oliarus lubra, Dist. Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. (7) xix. p. 282 (1907). 41G ^Ir. G. J. Arrow on new Subfam. Ttlovidvctiinm. Genus Ficarasa. Ficarasa, Walk. Journ. Linn. Soc., Zool. i. p, 1G2 (18o7). Feltodictya, Kirk. Rep. Exp. Stat. Haw, Plant. Assoc, pt. ix. p. 414 (1906). The species I described as F. australasice (Ann. & Mag. Kat. Hist., antOy p. 287) is apparently closel}" allied to the one described by Kirkaldy as P. hurandcE^ but nothing defi- nitely can be decided from Kirkaldy’s description, which is simply — Grass-green. Eyes and genital segments partly brownish. Veins lightly and shortly piligerous — and is applicable to almost any species in the genus. Fa nua viiiemis. Vanua viliemis, Kirk, Rep. Exp, Stat. Ilaw. Plant. Assoc, pt. ix. p. 416, pi. xxvii. figs. 6-7 (1906). It may be useful to point out that Kirkaldy, in his description, has referred this species to pi. xxvii. figs. 7-9; it should be figs. 6-7. Subfam. Ackilinm. Genus Aneipo. Aneipo, Kirk, Rep. Exp. Stat. Haw. Plant, Assoc, pt. ix. p. 425 (1906). 2'udea, Hist. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (7) xix. p. 290 (1907). Aneipo diva. Arieipo diva, Kirk. Rep. Exp. Stat. Haw. Plant. Assoc, nt. ix. p. 425 (1906). Tudea picturata, Hist. Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. (7) xix. p. 290 (1907). Hah. Queensland. L. — Some new Species and Genera of Lamellicorn Coleoptera from the Indian Empire. 13y Gilbert J. Arrow. Part II. Copridae. Cassolus humeralis, sp. n. Rufo-piceus, capite prothoraceque rufo-cupreis elytrorumque Imraeris flavo-maculatis : breviter ovatus, convexus ; capite crebro punc- tato, antice 4-dentato ; prothorace paulo minus crebre puiictato, 417 Coleoptera from the Indian Kinpire. elytrorum laiitudiiio, latcribus fortiter curvatis, antice vix angus- tatis, angulis posticis vix perspicuis ; elytris profunde punctato- striatis, inters titiis locvibus; pygidio fortiter punctate; tibiis anticis extiis minute denticulatis, dentibusque tribus validis acutis armatis, tibiis 4 posterioribus valde curvatis, tarsorum posticorum articulo primo quam secundum distinct© longiore. (S . Tibia antica subtus unispinosa, tibiis posticis gracilioribus femoribusque posticis subtus dilatatis. Long. 4 5 mm. JIah. Assam, Sudiya, Patkai Mts. Piceous black, with a sligdit metallic tinge, and liaving* the liead and prothorax coppery and the elytra decorated upon each shoulder with a small round j^ellovv spot. The form is short and compact. The head is closely punctured and without visible sutures or elevations, but the front maroiii is armed with four teeth, of which the middle pair are the longest and most acute. The prothorax is moderately closely punctured, but very shining ; it is as broad as the elyTra and not much narrow^er in front, with the sides strongly and uniformly curved and the hind angles obsolete. Tlie elytra are strongly punctate-striate and the pygidium strongly and rather closely punctured. The front tibise are strongly tridentate and very finely denticulate between and above the teeth. The middle and hind tibife are slender and curved, and the tarsi have the first joint nearly twice as long as the second and the remainder nearly equal. The male has a perpendicular tooth beneath the front tibia, the hind tibia is longer, more slender and more strongly curved than that of the female, and the hind femur is strongly dilated, the flange forming an obtuse angle near the knee. Several specimens were collected by Doherty. Although two species of Cassolus have already been de- scribed by Sharp and Lansberge {G. nudus, Sharp, Siam, and C. sumatranus, Lansb., Sumatra), the very interesting sexual characters have not yet been noticed. In the appendix to this paper I have described another species in which other sexual differences are found. I have not yet seen either of the previously described forms, but the present insect appears to be like C. nudus, Sharp, but sufficiently distinguished by the yellow shoulder-spots and the puncturation of the ])ygi- dium, which is closer than that of the prothorax. Panelus assamensis, sp. n. Castaneus, laevis, nitidus, breviter ovatus, postice latior : P. parvulo simillimus, sed prothoracis parte posteriore laevigata, linea elevata 418 Mr. Gr. J. Arrow 0)l new arciiata distincte demarcata ; elytris paiilo distinctiiis striabis efc ])unctatis ; metasterrio medio antice valde prodiicto, acute angu- lato ; pedibus gracilibus, tibiis omnibus curvatis, tarsis 4 poste- rioribus longis, robustis, anticis brevibus. liOng. 2'5 mm. Ilah. Assam, Sudiya, Patkai Mts. Three specimens were collected by Mr. Doherty, in which no sexual difFerence is apparent. This little insect, one of the smallest Lamellicorn beetles yet known, has a very great resemblance to the Japanese Panelm parvulas^ Waterh., figured by Mr. George Lewis in the Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. 1895, (6) xvi. p. 375, tigs. 1 & 2, the only species hitherto described, although I have seen several. It is a little smaller and relatively shorter, being a trifle less produced behind. It is similarly sculptured, but the elytra are a little more strongly striated and punc- tured, and the prothorax has a smootli unpunctured strip at the base, which is separated by a distinct dividing-line from the remaining strongly punctured surface. This smooth area exists in P. parvalus^ but is not sharply defined. The most pronounce 1 difFerence between the two forms, however, is found in the lower surface. The metasternum, instead of meeting the mesosternum in a broad lobe, is produced into a very acute angle, apparently almost dividing the meso- sternum into two. The sides of this process form quite straight lines extending backwards to the posterior ends of the middle coxse. These lines are finely raised, and under- neath them can be traced another strongly pigmented line, which probably represents the true meso-rnetasternal suture. This line of dark pigment does not follow the direction of the carinate lines in the posterior part, but branches off to the middle of the intermediate coxae. Genus Ontiiopiiagus. [a] Male with two imcoimected cephalic horns. 0 nthophacjm gladiator^ sp. n. iEneo-niger, opacas, depressus, latus ; capito dense punctate, breviter setose, margine integro, antennis tlavis ; protiiorace producto, angulis anticis hand acutis, posticis distiuctis, lateribus basicpie medio angulatis, vix a’^cuatis ; elytris planis, subtiliter striatis, interstitiis minute punctulatis ; pygidio leviter punctato, meta- sterni lateribus fusco-liirsutis. pear to be common. L have only seen a single female from Java, and there is a single male in our collection from Darjeeling, while Dejean gives China as the habitat of the var. laridas^ so that the species has evidently a very wide range. 0 nthoi>lia(jus hrevicollisj sp. n. Niger, nitidus, anteimis tarsisque rufis ; prothorace valde convexo, piinctato, quam corpore ad Immeros miilto latiore, margine postico arCLiato, marginato, hand angulato ; elytris striatis, striis puiictatis, iuterstitiis coovexis, politis, vix punctulatis ; pygidio parce punctate. C5* . Capite polite, lateribus aiitice fere rectc contractis, margine antice panic emarginate, carina sutnrali parnm arcnata cornu- bnsqne duobus posticis graeilibns, parallelis, erectis ; prothorace antice verticali, la)vigato, postice leviter punctate, carina dorsali transversa. 2 . Clypeo seinicirculari, vix emarginato, pnnctato-rugoso, carina sutnrali distincta, valde curvata ; capite postice loeviore, bituber- culato ; prothorace antice medio subverticali, carina dorsali transversa. Long. 9-5-13 mm. JIab. S. India, Nilgiri Hills, Belgaum. Black and shining, with the anteinue and tarsi reddish. The prothorax is finely but not closely punctured all over, except upon the anterior declivity, and the elytra are sulcate, with the interstices convex and scarcely punctured. The pygidium is sparingly punctured and the median part of the inetasternuni has only a very few punctures near the sides. The spur of the front tibia is bent at a right angle and acute. d. The head is octagonal, slightly emarginate in front and irnpunctate except just in front of the eyes. There is a distinct carina upon the clypeal suture, and two slender, unconnected horns arise almost vertically from the back of the head, with a slight forward curvature. The prothorax is very short and broad, vertical and smooth in front, very convex and distinctly punctured behind, with the anterior edge of the dorsal ])art carinated in front and the posterior edge curved, finely margined and not angulated. The Iront tibial spur is broader than in the female. ^ . 'The clypeiis is curvilinear and very feebly emarginate 423 Coleoptera from the Jiulian JCmpire. in front_, and Its surface is ratlier finely rugose. The carina is stronger, and the horns are represented by a pair of conical tubercles. Tlie prothorax is more elongate and only slightly ret use in front. [h) Male with two connected cephalic horns. Onthophagus productus, sp. n. Xiger, convexus ; capite parvo, subtilitcr rugoso-punctato, antico rotundato, vix emarginato , prothorace postice ante basin fere carinatim elevato, lateribus valde angulatis, margine postico angu- lato, angiilisque posticis distinctis ; elytris striatis, interstitiis convexis, crebre et rugose punctatis, minutissirae setosis ; pygidio sat grosse punctate ; metasterni medio uitido, parce sat grosse punctate. . Capite postice cornubus duobus curvatis, baud longis armato; prothorace nilido, minute baud crebre punctato, lateribus antice vix punctatis, antice valde angustato, angulis anticis acutis, fossulatis, dorso antice medio elevato ; tibiis anticis elongatis, sat gracilibus. 5 . Capite carina suturali aliaque frontali medio leviter acuminata armato ; prothorace rugose punctato et setose, carina transversa antica parum elevata. Long. 10-12 mm. Ilah. N. India, Sikkim. Black, clothed with short dark setae, except at the middle of the metasternum and the prothorax of the male, which is shining. The head is small, finely and rugosely punctured and scarcely emarginate in front. The prothorax is strongly angulated at the middle of the sides and distinctly at the middle of the base, and the hind angles are not rounded away. The posterior part of the disk is elevated into a blunt- edged carina just before the margin. The elytra are striated, with the interstices convex, finely and rugosely punctured and setose. The pygidium is rather coarsely punctured, and the middle of the metasternum shining and sparingly punctured. . The head is produced behind into a pair of slender but not very long horns, united by a sharp ridge at the base and forming v/ith it rather more than half of a perfect circle. The prothorax is shining, finely and not closely punctured and not setose, except in front, where it is slightly rugose. It is strongly contracted in front, elevated in the median part, and much depressed at the sides, with a round pit in each front angle. Tiie front tibiae are elongate and slender. $ . The head bears two transverse carinas, of which the frontal one is minutely acuminate in the middle. The pro- 424 Mr. G. J. A rrow on new thorax is not greatly narrowed in front and is strongly and thicldy punctured and minutely setose, with an interrupted transverse carina in front. 0. pi'oducius is very closely related to 0. rngulosus, liar., from N. China. It is less densely pujictured above, especially upon the prothorax of the male, which is also still more narrowed in front, and the front tibiae in the same sex are more elongate. There are examples in the British Museum and in M. Reue Oberthiir^s collection. OntJiophagus [Caccohius) gallinas, sp. n. Niger, capito prothoraceque obscure cupreus, subnitidus, crebre et rugose punctatus, ubique breviter sotosus ; clypeo ernarginato, grosse punctato ; prothorace dense punctato, marginato, angulis anticis baud acutis, posticis obsoletis ; elytris striatis, inter- stitiis granuiatis ; pygidio grosse punctato, metasterno sat pinictato ; tibiis anticis fortiter tridentatis. (S . Capitc nitido, leviter ernarginato, carina anteriore arcuata posterioreque recta valde elevata, surnma tritida,-dentibus duobus exteruis longioribus, recurvatis ; prothorace dorso elevato, antice fere acumiriato, parte antica excavata, polita ; metasterno postice impresso. 2 . Capite rugose punctato, paulo producto, antice acute bidentato, carina anteriore arcuata posterioreque fere recta ; prothorace antice medio minute prominente. Long. 4-5 mm. Hah. S. India, Nilgiri Hills, Belgaum. Deep bronzy black, with the head and prothorax generally more distinctly metallic, clothed above and below witli greyish sette. The prothorax is densely punctured, the elytra striated and rugosely granulated, and the pygidium coarsely punctured. The metasternurn is strongly but rather sparsely punctured and- not prominent in front. The anterior tibia3 bear three strong teeth, above which they are finely denticulated. d . The head is shining, thinly punetured, slightly notched in front, with a curved sutural carina and a very strongly elevated frontal one terminating in a triangular median tooth and a pair of short recurved lateral horns. The prothorax is convex behind, slightly excavated and smooth in front, the upper margin of the excavated part forming a slight tooth in the middle. 9 . The head is rugosely punctured and sharply bidentate in front, with two slight carina;. This species belongs to the closely connected grou[) of 425 Coleoplera from the Indian Empire. small Indian 0 ntliophagi of wliicli 0. valcanuSj Fab., is the type. It is most nearly related to Gaccohius tortus, Sharp, but is more closely sculptured, especially upon the prothorax, and the elytra are without the yellow apical spot distinguishing that species and 0. vulcanus. It is peculiar also in having the middle of the prothorax angularly instead of broadly prominent in the male. It has been found in numbers by Mr. H. L. Andrewes in the Ouchterlony Valley, Nilgiris (3000 ft.), in April and July. Another species of the same group, although not hitherto associated with it, is 0. farculusy Fab., in which the elytra are marked with yellow in front and behind, and the margin of the thoracic excavation is not sharply raised. This is found in the same localities and also in Ceylon. (c) Head of male produced into a single horn behind. Onihophagus ephippioderus^ sp. n. Niger vel obscure nigro-aeneus, robustus, convexiis, sat nitidiis, autennis flavis ; elytris punctato-striatis, interstitiis vix convexis, parce et minute punctulatis, lateraliter fortius ; pygidio leviter pimctulato. S . Capite grosse punctato, antice et postice producto, antice fortiter uasuto, postice acute cornuto, cornu gracili, baud longo, basi late angulate laminate ; prothorace sat punctato, antice retuso, laevigato, dorso antice utrinque oblique tuberculato. $ . Capite antice ruguloso, postice punctato, margine antico integro, leviter producto, carina suturali valde curvata laminaque postica erecta paulo bifida ; prothorace crebre punctato, carina antica obsoleta. Long. 12-14 mm. Hah. Mysore, Bangalore, Nilgiri Hills. Black or slightly seneous, with pale antennae. The shape is broad and convex, and the body smooth and beneath almost impunctate. The elytra are shallowly punctate-striate and the interstices very lightly punctured. The prothorax is strongly punctured and margined, but not angulated at the sides or base, the posterior angles being rounded away. The pygidium is finely but not closely punctured. d . The head is produced into a blunt point in front, the sutural carina is well curved but not strongly marked, and the posterior part of the head is produced backwards, forming a reflexed angular plate behind each eye and a slender curved horn in the middle. The prothorax is refuse and smooth in front, with the dorsal ridge produced obliquely on each side. The spur of the fiont tibia is short and blunt. Ann. cb Mag. N. TUst. Scr. 7. Vol. xix. 30 426 Mr. G. J. Arrow on new $ . The head is strongly rugulose in front of the sutural Carina, which is more pronounced tlian in the male, and punctured behind it. The clypeal margin is subangulate and the posterior margin of the head bears an elevated trans- verse lamina which is ernarginate at its upper edge. The protliorax is closely and coarsely punctured. The spur of the front tibia is slender and acute. This species resembles 0. semculus, F., the male of which is without cephalic armature, but the processes upon the prothorax attain a greater development in that insect, and the clypeus is less developed in front as well as behind. OnthopJiagus manipurensis, sp. n. Niger, iiitidus, corpore lateraliter brnnneo-hirto, antennis pallide testaceis ; clypeo ruguloso ; prothorace baud fortiter punctato, postice laeviore, medio obsolete sulcato, antice excavate, lateribus basique marginatis, basi medio angulata, angulis posticis obso- letis ; elytris striatis, interstitiis planis, subtiliter pimctulatis. (S . Capite antice fere acute angulato, medio sat fortiter bicuber- culato, postice retrorsum producto, cornu recurvato, acuminate, basi lato quadrate ; prothorace antice valde retuso, supra leviter emarginato. 2 . Capite antice arcuato, parum producto, medio fortiter recte carinate, postice breviter producto, processu erecto truncate; prothorace antice paulo excavate, supra bituberculato. Long. 15-19 mm. JIab. N. India, Manipur. Black and shining, with testaceous antennse and reddish- brown hair at the sides of the sternum and abdomen. The form is short and compact and the sculpture fine. The pro- thorax is smooth and very sparingly punctured above ; it is distinctly margined at the sides and base, the base is distinctly angulated in the middle and the bind angles are rounded away. The elytra are distinctly striated and the interstices slightly convex and feebly })unctured. The pygidium is moderately punctured. The front tibim are broadly quadri- dentate and the first joint of the middle and hind tarsus is very large and flattened. The tibial spurs are blunt and that of the front tibia is strongly bent. J . The clypeus is rather elongate and pointed, with the sides straight. The clypeal suture is marked by two strong tubercles, which divide the width of the head into three nearly equal parts. The posterior part of the head is smooth and produced backwards into a lamina, which narrows into a slender recurved horn. The prothorax is excavated and rugosely punctured in front and scarcely punctured behind. Coleoptera from the Indian Empire, 427 and the upper edge of the excavated part is slightly emarginate in the middle. ^ . The clypeus is rounded, scarcely produced, with a short, straight, and strongly raised sutural carina, and a small, vertical, and truncated posterior horn. There is a rudimentary excavation at the front of the prothorax and a pair of slight tubercles at its posterior edge. This species is very closely related to 0, rubricoUis^ Hope, but differs from it by its uniform black colour, the feebler sculpture of the elytra, and the presence of the two clypeal tubercles in the male. The basal joint of the antenna has a serrate carina, as in 0. ruhricolliSj diaholicuSj and other allied species. Onthophagus cupreiceps^ sp. n. Obscure cupreus, prothorace, elytris pygidioque fuscis, dense opacis, parce et minutissime setiferis ; capite nitenti, Isevi, antice leviter punctate, margine antice laevissime excise ; pretheracis lateribus leviter sinuatis, angulis anticis paule preminentibus, hand acutis, pesticis tote obsoletis ; elytris sat planis, hand distincte striatis ; corpore subtus pedibusque seneo-micantibus, sat grosse punctatis. J . Capite postice retrersum producto, cornu recurvato, acuminate, basi laminate, quadrate ; prothorace antice leviter retuso, laevigato. 2 . Capite antice magis punctate, sutura clypeali valde carinata, semicirculari, vertice carina angusta, supra emarginata armato. Long. 8-5-10 mm. Hab. Sikkim, Khamba Jong, Tungu (13,000-16,000 ft.). Head, legs, and underside shining coppery, with prothorax, elytra, and pygidiurn very opaque, pitchy black, and very minutely setose. The head is impunctate except in front, and the front margin is very feebly refiexed and slightly excised in the middle. The prothorax has a barely perceptible angulation at the middle of the base, the hind angles are completely rounded off and the sides feebly sinuated, the front angles being prominent but not sharp. The anterior part is shining and slightly retuse in both sexes. The elytra are faintly striated. ^ . There is a short, sharp, curved horn arising from the posterior edge of the head and forming a quadrate lamina at the base. Only the front margin of the clypeus is punctured. $ . The horn of the male is represented by a strongly raised truncate carina. There is a curved sutural carina, in front of which the clypeus is rugosely punctured. This species is very close to 0, concolor^ Sharp, but differs 30* 428 Mr. G. J. Arrow on neio by its metallic head and underside, and the very opaque sooty prothorax and elytra. Onthopliagus tihetanus, sp. n. Niger, capite, pedibus corporeque subtus micantibus ; prothorace, elytris pygidioque sat opacis, minute setiferis ; capite antice rugose, postice parce punctate, margine antico minute excise ; prothorace angustissime marginato, basi medio laevissime angu- lato, lateribus simplice arcuatis, angulis omnibus rotundatis ; elytris leviter striatis, interstitiis vix convexis ; corpore subtus pedibusque sat grosse punctatis. (S . Capite postice retrorsum producto, cornu recurvato, acuminate, basi laminate, quadrate ; prothorace antice leviter retuso, lo3vigato. 2 . Sutura clypeali valde carinata, semicircular!, vertice carina angusta, supra leviter emarginata armato. Long. 7*0-10 mm. Hob. Brahmapoutra Valley, Chaksam (12,000 ft.), Gyangtse (13,000 ft.). 0. tihetanus is exceedingly close to 0. concolor and 0. cupreiceps^ but is easily distinguished from both by the uniform curvature of the sides of its prothorax, which com- pletely rounds off the front angles. The upper surface is more opaque than that of 0, concolor ^ but less so than that of 0. cupreiceps. Onthopliagus vividus^ sp. n. Yiridis vel violaceus, capite prothoraceque splendide rufo-cupreis vel viridibus ; capite ruguloso, clypeo paulo producto, integro ; prothorace granulate, postice medio Iseviore ; elytris planis, subopacis, subtiliter striatis et punctatis; pygidio grosse punctato; metasterni medio polito, antice paulo prominente. J . Capite crebre punctato, postice cornu brevi, simplice armato ; prothorace antice paulo et anguste excavate. $ . Clypeo rugose, carina arcuata distincta, capite postice breviter tuberculato ; prothorace antice nonnihil excavate. Long. 11-15 mm. Hah. Bangalore, Trivandrum, Nilgiri Hills. Deep blue or green, with the abdomen, tibim and tarsi, and the front of the clypeus nearly black, the antennm yellow, and the head and prothorax fiery red, bronzy green, or bright metallic green. The form is short and compact. The clypeus is slightly produced and pointed. The prothorax is coarsely granu- lated, except at the middle of its posterior part, where it is nearly smooth ; it is finely margined all round and bluntly 429 Coleoptera from the Indian Empire. angulated in tlie middle of the base, with a slight anterior excavation in both sexes^ which is limited behind by a pair of opaque prominences. The anterior angles are rather acute. The elytra are finely striated and their interstices flat and closely punctured. The pygidium is coarsely and evenly punctured. The front tibia2 are stout and the terminal spur strongly bent. d . The short cephalic horn is directed backwards with a slight curvature, and is moderately broad at the base and acuminate at the end. The sutural carina is not well-marked. $ . The sutural carina of the head is distinct and the horn is very short and blunt, generally having the appearance of two coalescing tubercles. This is allied to 0. igneus^ Vigors, but is generally larger and more convex and the sculpture is stronger. In the male the head is less produced both in front and behind. The sexes of the new species differ little, and the less developed males can only be distinguished from the females by a close examination. Onihophagus hronzeus, sp. n. 0. vivido affiais, sed obscure cupreus, elytris hand metallicis, opacioribus, autennis pallide testaceis ; capite ruguloso, clypeo vix producto ; prothorace ubique dense granuloso ; elytris planis, subtiliter striatis, punctatis et setiferis. d . Capite carina suturali curvata vix elevata raunito, postice breviter cornuto, cornu postice inclinato, basi vix dilatato ; prothorace antice paulo excavato et tuberculis duobus minutis armato. $ . Capite carina suturali curvata distincta antice raunito, cornu postico perparura elevato ; prothorace tuberculis duobus vix distinctis antice arraato. Long. 12 ram. Ilah. Nilgiri Hills [Hampson)^ Kanara [T. R. D. Bell). This is a species very nearly related to the preceding one, but deep bronze-coloured, with the elytra brown and quite opaque. The prothorax is evenly granulated all over and more finely than in 0. vividas, and the elytra are clothed with a fine but distinct pubescence. The horn of the male is more abrupt and scarcely widened at the base, and the clypeus is scarcely produced in front. 0. pollicatasj Har., is another closely allied species, but it is more elongate and the elytra are granulated and not j)unctured. I may note here that Harold’s supposition that 0. turhafnSj 430 Mr. G. J. Arrow on new Walker, was described from a female of 0. sjnnifer^ F., is not correct. The types of both are in the British Museum collection and tlie two species are quite distinct, altho-ugh nearly related, belonging to the group in which the male has a single very long and slender horn curving backwards. 0. spinifer^ F., is steel-blue, with rugose elytra, and 0. tur- hatus, Walker^ is coppery, with the elytra finely punctured. (d) Head of the male without horn. Onthophagus coeruleicollis^ sp. n. Caeruleus, subtus nigro-cseriileus, pedibus piceis vel rufo-piceis ; antennis elytrisque flavis, horum sutura fasciisque duabus trans- versis interruptis nigris ; capite piano, dense rugoso, antice product©, baud acuto, margine postico arenato, medio fere angulato ; prothorace valde gibboso, ubique dense granulato, postice lobato, fere angulato, lateribus valde arcuatis, angulis anticis rotundatis, posticis obsoletis ; elytris subtiliter striatis, iuterstitiis planis, rugose puuctatis et minutissimo setiferis ; pygidio grosse punctato ; corpore subtus ubique punctate, parce griseo-hirto. Long. 5-5-8-S mm, lldh. S. India, Dharwar, Belgaum. Metallic blue, darker beneath, with the legs piceous or piceous-red, the antennae testaceous and the elytra yellow, with the suture and two transverse rows of spots black, the spots of the posterior row sometimes coalescing into an irregular band. This is a small species, moderately elongate and very convex. The head is small, flat, finely rugose, and without horn or carina, and the clypeus is bluntly produced in the middle. The posterior margin of the head forms a sharp edgOj but is not produced. The prothorax is very globose, finely granulated, and without armature or excavation, with the sides strongly rounded, the posterior angles obliterated, and the base lobed but scarcely angulated, the lobe indicated by' a slight impression on each side. The elytra are finely striated and the interstices rugosely' punctured and very minutely setose. The pygidiurn and underside are coarsely ])unctured ■ and clothed with short greyish hairs. The front tibiae are broad and strongly but very bluntly quadiidentate. The sexes are apparently alike. There is no trace of horn or carina, but a very minute tubercle sometimes traceablo near the middle of the head probal)ly indicates the male. This species and the following one belong to a group of which several have been described fi’om Tropical Africa, and of which 0. maculatuSy F., is the type. The elytra are less rugose than is usual in this group. Coleoptera from the Indian Empire. 431 Onthophagus regalis^ sp. n. Laete rufo-cupreus, subtiliter flavo-setosus, corpore subtus obscure ciipreo, elytris ochraceis minute nigro-maculatis, macula uiia humerali, tiibus medianis quatuorque posticalibus, pygidio nigro ; capite piano, undique transverse rugoso, antice paulo obtuse producto, margine postico medio minute dentato, sutura clypeali subtiliter carinata ; prothorace globoso, undique dense granuloso, lateribus simplice arcuatis, angulis posticis obsoletis, margine basali lobato, fere angulato ; elytris subtiliter rugosis, striatis, interstitiis planis ; pygidio corporeque subtus dense punctatis, bujus lateribus flavo-hirsutis ; tibiis anticis dentibus tribus robustis munitis. Long. 8-5 mm. Hah. Ceylon. Coppery-red, with the legs, pygidium, and underside black or obscurely metallic, the antennae pale yellow, and the elytra orange-red with about eight minute black spots on each, one of them near the shoulder and the rest forming two transverse lines. The size and form are almost those of the last species. The head is flat and finely transversely rugose, slightly produced and recurved at the apex, with the clypeal suture feebly carinated and an impression near the middle of the posterior margin, which is slightly toothed. The prothorax is very globose and finely granulated, with a slight impression in front and one on each side of the posterior lobe, the hind margin of which is very obtusely angular. The sides are strongly curved and the posterior angles rounded off. The elytra are finely striated and minutely rugosely punctured, with an almost imperceptible yellow pubescence. Tlic pygidium and underside are closely and deeply punctured and the sides of the body are clothed with yellow hairs. Specimens have been found by Mr. E. E. Green and Col. J. W. Yerbury. I have found no external sexual characters. Onthophagus myrmecophilus^ sp. n. Breviter ovatiis, depressus, politissimus, obscure cupreus ; elytris nigris vel piceo-nigris, macula humerali plus minusve distiiicta rufa ; corpore subtus seueo-nigro, nudo, pedibus ferrugineis ; capite omnino Isevi, inermi, margine crebre punctato, paulo reflexo ; prothorace subtiliter baud dense punctato ; elytris sub- tiliter striatis, striis punctatis, interstitiis planis, Imvissimis ; pygidio convexo, polito, minutissime punctato ; metasterni medio polito, lateribus crebre punctatis ; pedibus brevibus, tibiis anticis fortiter 4-dentatis, et supra minutissime serratis. 432 Mr. G. J. Arrow on neio d . Capite ant semicirculari ant paulo ant valde prodncto, apice minnte cmarginato ; prothorace antice valde retnso, dorso medio late prominente, antice parnm impresso, fossa laterali sat pro- funda, extns carinata, Carina antice pins minnsve acnte producta. 2 . Capite semicirculari ; prothorace aeqnaliter convexo, inermi. Long. 4*5-6 mm. JJdb, Nilgiri Hills (Barwood Estate). Very smooth and shining, slightly coppery, with the elytra black and marked with a more or less distinct reddish patch on each shoulder. The form is broadly oval, rather flat, and the legs are short. The head is very smooth, without horns, caringe, or visible sutures, and the margin of the clypeus is finely and closely punctured and reflexed. The prothorax is finely punctured, with the sides regularly curved, the posterior angles very obtuse and the base gently curved. The scutellum is invisible. The elytra are very finely punctate-striate, with the interstices flat and impunctate. The pygidium is convex and ver}^ finely punctured, and the underside smooth with the sides of the metasternum rather closely punctured. The front tibiae are armed with four strong teeth and very finely serrated above these. In the four posterior tarsi the first joint is equal in length to the three succeeding joints, but is not very much flattened. $ . The head is produced in front, rather broad at the apex, and very feebly bilobed. The prothorax has a broad dorsal elevation shallowly impressed in front, and on each side a longitudinal carina more or less acutely produced in front, with a deep lateral cavity on each side between the latter and the dorsal hump. ? . The head is semicircular and the prothorax quite simple. There is another male form in which the head is like that of the female, although the thoracic armature may be well- developed. This little beetle is entirely peculiar both in habits and appearance. It was found in some numbers by Mr. H. L. Andrewes in a nest of the harvesting ant, PMdoJogiton diversus, in a decaying Ficus trunk. The specimens were taken frcm the ddbris accumulated near the entrance to the nest, and Mr. Andrewes believes the beetle to breed in the nest, which is probably the case. That its manner of life is quite abnormal is sufficiently evidenced by its appearance, which is entirely unlike that of the typical Onthophagus. The round deq)ressed Ibrm, very shining surface, and short legs produce, in the female at least, a strong suggestion of a Ilisterid, but stiucturally it does not differ in any important particular from the present genus. Coleoptera fi'om the Indian Empire. 433 Appendix. I liave' brought together here a few observations and descriptions relating to certain other Oriental Lamellicornia of tlie genera dealt with in the foregoing paper. Cetoniidae. Owing to the first part of this paper being very hurriedly published and the proofs hastily corrected while absent from town, it is necessary to rectify one or two oversights and omissions occurring there. I find that in re-characterIzIng the genera of the Heteror- rhina group I have used the name Rhomborrhina in an inadmissible sense. The type of that genus is not, as I at first assumed, one of Hope’s species, but is stated by Hope to be R. heroSj G. & P., one of the forms which I associated under the name of Anomalocera. Rhomborrhina must there- fore replace the latter name, and the group of species for which 1 proposed to retain Hope’s genus must receive a fresh one. These species are R. distincta^ Hope, with its varieties flammea, Gestro, carianaj Gestro, ultramarineay Nonfr., &c., opicalisj Westw., hyacinihina^ Hope, nigra, Saund., japonica, Hope, and opalina, Hope. These, called Rhomborrhina in my table (p. 350, supra), I now propose to call Torynorrhina, gen. nov. Type, Rhomborrhina distincta, Hope. Its distinctive characters are : — Head and margin of clypeus entirely without prominences in both sexes, the clypeus widening towards the front and its anterior margin broadly rounded ; sternal process short, broad, widened in front of the middle C3X£e and broadly rounded in front; front tibiae simple and unarmed in the male, bidentate in the female ; hind legs simple and straight in both sexes; pygidium pubescent. I will also formulate here in rather more detail the characters of the other new genus established in the table just mentioned : — Euchloropus, gen. nov. Type, Cetonia Iceta, Fab. Head and margin of clypeus entirely without prominences in both sexes, the clypeus parallel-sided, wdtli the front margin straight ; sternal process slender, recurved, and 434 Mr. G. J. Arrow on new pointed; front tibise simple and unarmed in the male, biden- tate in the female ; hind tibise of the male strongly curved, with a thick fringe at the inner edge of the posterior part; those of the female simple. I omitted to include in my description on p. 350 any reference to the sexes of the new species Macronota gracilis. This is a form allied to M. antennata^ Wallace, and was described from a specimen of each sex. These differ very little, but the male has the prothorax rather narrower than that of the female, and the basal lobe more pronounced, and the front tibise are rather slenderer and their teeth more equal. The sexes in this genus often differ considerably both in form and colouring, and have in several cases been described as different species. I am not aware that it has yet been recorded that iMacronota sculpticollis^ Thoms., is the female cf M, 4i-vittata, Schaum, although the insect is common in Ceylon and the fact has long been recognized. Still more dissimilar are the sexes of M. Oherthuri^ Lansb., of which M. liumilisj Lansb., described at the same time and from the same place, is the female. I have seen the two forms together in various collections, the male being silky black with white markings, and the female dull ashy brown. It is not common, but I associate the two forms without any hesitation because the closely-allied M. crucicollis^ Lansb. {—favosparsa^ Wat.), of which I have seen a large number, has an exactly similar female. In a work in preparation I hope to give the sexual distinctions of all the Indian species of this genus. Another genus in which marked diflferences between the sexes occur, but have not hitherto been noticed, is Glycyphana^ in which also several so-called species have to be eliminated in consequence. In his description of G. hinotata^ G. & P., Burmeister noted that his examples were females, and all that I have seen of that form are of the same sex. It occurs, however, in conjunction with another form generally regarded (perhaps wrongly) as G. torqaata^ F., and of this our speeimens are all males. The two differ only in their coloration, the males having a row of four spots (instead of only two) across the middle of the elytra, while the lateral patches upon the pygidium are generally yellow instead of blood-red. A still greater difference occurs between the two sexes of G. regalis^ Volk, of which the female ((r. celehensis, Wall.) has the pygidium entirely black, while in the male it is entirely orange, and the elytra have two large lateral patches 435 Coleoptera from the Indian Empire. instead of a row of four. In the male also the scutellum is red and each elytron has a longitudinal red stripe. In G. Forsteni^NoW.^ which is a variety of the male of the same species, these red markings are absent, as in the female, but the yellow colouring is that of the male. G. hella^ Wall., again, wdiich has a red pygidium and red markings upon the elytra, is the male of G. A-guttataj Volk, which is without these. G. andamanensis^ Jans., is another species with a very- well-marked colour-dimorphism. A black form was described by Thomson as G. andamana, and Kraatz recorded that this was a variety of Janson’s species; but it has escaped obser- vation that this is the female form, the male being invariably green, at least in a very larg^e series which I have examined. The two specimens from which Mr. Janson described G. suhcinctay another Andaman species, prove to be males, and the type of G. himaculata^ Kraatz, which I have also been allowed to examine, is also a male of the same insect. I have seen two females, which jpppear to me identical in all structural features, but have an additional spot on the anterior part of each elytron, a row of four across the middle, and a patch on each side of the pygidium. I am inclined to regard this as the other sex of G. suhcincta^ Jans. It appears to correspond with the description of Getonia torquataj Fab., but as tlie locality of Fabricius’s insect (now in the Copen- hagen Museum) is unknown, only a careiul comparison can decide the point. Glycyphana lateraHsf Wall., is only a colour- variety of G> perviridisy AVaik, of which both sexes in normal specimens are green. The single type specimen of the variety is a female, in which sex the pygidium is marked by a broad furrow. I may perhaps note here that the Australian SchizorrhinF'' pidchra, Mach, is a species of Glycyphana. In describing Ileterorrhina horneensis and mitrata from female speclriiens, Mr. A. K. AA^allace suggested that the male might prove to be similar to H. dives^ Westw. Both sexes of the first species are now in the British Museum collection and, contrary to expectation, there is no difference in the form of the head, but the male of II. mitrata is still unknown. So exactly does the female correspond with the figure of the unique II. dives in Gory and Percheron’s Monograph, that I regard it as extremely probable that they are tlie same. Schaum recorded in .1849 that he had seen a female of II. dives (apparently II. mitrata) in the Linnean Society’s collection, but this cannot now be found. 43G Mr. G. J. Arrow on new Melolonthidse. Tlie name Dejeania lias been used in tliree different orders of Insects, the genus having the priority belonging to the Diptera. The Coleopterous genus should be called .DichelomorpJia, that name liaving been given by Buvmeister to a Chinese species [D ichdomorpha ochraceo) placed by him among the Ilopliinee, but allied to the insect I have described in the present paper. The type of Blanchard’s genus {Dejeania alsiosa) is an insect of very different appearance, but these extreme forms are linked together by the new species {D, lineata^ Arrow) and others described and un- described, and all may best remain in one genus until the time comes for a comprehensive study of them. Hybosoridae. PhcEodiroops gigas^ sp. n. P. hidico proxime affinis, major, minus grosse punctatus ; prothoracis lateribus baud denticulatis, vix arcuatis, medio leviter angulatis, angulis posticis magis acuminatis, elytrorum costis paulo laevi- oribus, magis elevatis ; abdomine magis rugoso ; tibiis 4 posteri- oribiis hand transverse carinatis. Long. 15 mm. Ilah. Borneo, Pengaron ; Perak. Specimens were found by Mr. Doherty in both the above localities. They closely resemble the new Indian species, but are larger, the puncturing of the upper surface is a litt'e less dense, the prothorax is less uniformly curved at the sides, which are not denticulated, and the hind angles are more evident. The elytral costae are a little more elevated and the hind tibiae are not interrupted at the middle of the outer edge by a transverse carina. Phceodiroops acuticollis^ sp. n. Statnra pracedentium sed opacior, rugosius punctatus, magis regu- lariter setosus ; prothorace cmnino crebre punctato-rugoso, lateribus distincte eleYatis, fere red is, angulis posticis paulo pro- ductis ; eljtris densissimc punctatis, singnlo fortiter tricostato, costis lacvibus, sat parce lufo-setosis ; tibiis 4 posterioribus baud transYcrse carinatis, posticis gracilibus. Long. 14 mm. JIah. Borneo, Kina Balu. A single specimen found by Mr. Doherty is in the Biitish ]\Iuseum collection. It is more densely sculptured than either of the preceding species, the hind angles of the prothorax are 437 Coleoptera from the Indian Empire. sliglitly produced, the costae of the elytra are sliarp, and the long reddish hairs are situated at regular intervals upon them. Copridae. Cassolas peninsularisj sp. n. Latus, convexus, nigro-cupreus, pedibus castaneis, capite crebre pimctato, qiiadridentato ; prothorace subtilifcer punctato, lateribus valde arcuatis, angulis posticis fere obsoletis ; elytris imrnacu- latis, striatis, striis subtiliter puuctatis ; pygidio fortiter puric- tato; tibiis anticis serratis, dentibus tribiis validis, tarsoruin posteriorum articulis fere aequalibus. S . Tibiis anticis subtus unispinosis, dente apicali lato, truncate ; tibiis posticis gracilioribus, sinuatis, intus denticulatis. Long. 4-5 mm. Hah. Perak, Penang. This is like the Indian species, but rather broader in form and without the humeral spot. It is also less strongly punctured, and in the structure of the legs peculiar to the males there are remarkably pronounced differences between the two. Onthophagus huffalo^ sp. n. Niger, robustus, elytris corporeque subtus breviter brunneo-setosis ; capite sat lato, subtiliter rugoso-punctato, margine reflexo, haucl excise ; prothorace fortiter punctato, marginato, postice pro- fun de longitudinaliter sulcato, lateribus sinuatis, angulis posticis valde obtusis ; elytris striatis, interstitiis convexis, dense punc- tatis ; pygidio fere rugose punctato ; metasterni medio nitido, parce sat grosse punctato. (S . Capite carinato, postice cornubus duobus curvatis, baud longis armato, cornubus basi carina medio leviter dentata connexis ; prothoracis dorso elevato, antice recte truncate, lateribus valde depressis, fere impuuctatis, nitidis, marginibus valde sinuatis, antice contractis, baud productis ; tibiis anticis paulo elongatis. $ . Capite Carina suturali aliaque frontali medio dentata armato ; prothorace carina transversa distincta munito. Long. 11-13 mm. Hah. Java, Borneo, Labuan. This is very closely related to 0. rugalosus, Har., and 0. productuSj Arrow, but the posterior part of the prothorax is less shar[,tly carinated and more deeply sulcated longi- tudinally in the middle. In the male the prothorax is less narrowed and produced in front, and the anterior angles are not hollowed out. The head in the same sex is less narrow, it has a distinct carina upon the clypeal suture, and the carina connecting the horns (which are of the same form) is 438 On new Coleoptera from the Indian Empire. dentate in tlie middle. The elongation of the front tibise of the male is much less marked. Rufo-cupreiis, elytris nigris ; capite rugoso, absque carinis trans- versis, antice producto ; prothorace paruin convexo, basi medio leviter angulato ; elytris sat opacis, subtiliter striatis, interstitiis minute punctulatis ; pygidio crebre punctato ; metasterno ubique punctato, antice paulo acuminato ; tibiis anticis minute serratis, dentibus 4 validis. S . Corpore supra et subtus breviter fulvo-setoso ; clypeo dilatato, antice excavato, Imvigato, profunde emarginato, medio longe et anguste producto, processu late bifido, recurvato, intra oculos tuberculo parvo, compresso ; prothorace confertim granuloso, medio antice anguste longitudinaliter carinato, postice medio obtuse angulato ; an tennis perinsignibus, articulis 4 -6 brevibus, latis, 7 cupuliformi, 8 biramoso, 9 multiramoso. 5 . Corpore fere nudo, supra et subtus subtiliter punctato ; clypeo leviter rugoso, antice paulo producto, integro, inermi ; antennis simplicibus ; prothorace postice medio dentato. Long. 10-12 mm. Hah. E. Borneo, Pontianak. Reddish bronze, with the elytra black, and not very convex or shining. The male has the surface finely setose above and below, and the head broad and rugose, except in front, where it is smooth and hollowed, with a strong emargination Onthophagus egregius, sp. n. Head and antennae (seen from above and below) : enlarged. in front, from the middle of which springs a slender process curving upwards and bifurcated broadly at the end. There is a slight longitudinal carina between the eyes. The pro- thorax is granulated, longitudinally carinated in the middle, with a slight angulation at the middle of the hind margin. The elytra are finely striated, with the interstices closely and Onthophagus egregius^ sp. n. On a remarkable Mountain Viscacha, 439 finely punctured, and the pygidium and underside are strongly punctured. The female is more finely punctured and almost devoid of setae, with the head simple and slightly pointed in front. Tlie prothorax is minutely and not closely punctured, without a median carina, and is rather more sharply angulated at the middle of the base. The elytra and underside are also more finely punctured than in the male. The species is remarkable for the extraordinary structure of the antennae characteristic of the male, which is quite unlike anything hitherto known. The last three joints of the footstalk are broad and close-fitting, and the seventh joint forms a hollow half-hemisphere, covering the two remaining joints as seen from beneath. The eighth joint sends off a slender branch on each side, and each branch is toothed underneath ; and the last joint has a slender footstalk, which gives off two similar toothed branches on each side, dimin- ishing in length, and is broad at the end, partly shutting in at the extremity of the antenna the whole complicated apparatus. The antennae of the female are quite normal. A series of specimens, chiefly males, have been obtained by M. Rene Obertliilr’s collectors. LT. — On a remarkable Mountain Viscacha from Southern Patagonia, with Diagnoses vf other Members of the Group. By Oldfield Thomas. The British Museum owes to its generous and indefatigable contributor, Mr. J. A. Wolffsohn, C.M.Z.S., three examples of a fine Viscaccia^ from a locality far south of any place where members of this group have been p)eviously recorded, ddie animal is quite distinct from any hitherto known, and I * In his paper on the nomenclature of this group, Dr. F. Lahille (An. Soc. Cient. Argent. Ixii. p. 39, 1906) seems to have come to quite correct conclusions, including the allocation of Viscaccia to the Mountain Viscachas, formerly known as Lagidium. But with the fate that has as yet always befallen writers on this most difficult and complicated subject, he has made a mistake in crediting the name Viscnccia to Molina, for although the latter did say in 1810 that the animal ought to have a special geueric name, he did not give it one, only using Viscaccia in such a way that it cannot be distinguished from the vernacular term. However, fortunately, Oken in 1816 used the term Viscaccia in a techni- cally valid manner, with Legus chilensis ’’ as its type, choosable as such whether by elimination or by the first-species rule. 440 Mr. 0. Thomas on a propose to name it in lionour of its donor, to whom tlie JMuseum is indebted for series of all the mammals of Central Chili. Viscaccia Wolffsohni, sp. n. A large species with long fur strongly suffused with orange ; tail very bushy. Size large, form stout and robust, the size appearing even larger than the truth owing to the very long rich fur, of which the wool-hairs are over 35 mm. in length and the long hairs upwards of 50 mm. General colour above of head and body approaching clay-colour (Ridgway), though brighter and clearer; the wool-hairs, which give the predominating colour, brownish slaty for four- fifths their length, their ends creamy buff darkening to clay-colour. Below, on the lower cheeks, throat, chest, and belly, the terminal colour becomes richer and redder, attaining almost to ‘Gawny.” A distinct white spot on each axilla and on each side of the inguinal region. Dorsal dark line little marked. Head like back. Ears comparatively short, thickly and closely haired, their backs black, their inner surfaces with whitish hairs, and there is a marked line of creamy-tipped hairs running across their bases above. Arms with tawny-tipped hairs, the tawny or yellowish colour extending to the tips of the toes. Hind limbs duller, more browmish clay-colour; the feet very large and heavy. Tail far finer than in any other form, immensely bushy, the hairs of its dorsal crest attaining over 150 mm. ; in colour the upper, crested side is mixed black and buff or ochraceoiis buff ; underside black, finely grizzled with glossy ochraceous buff. Bkull comparatively large and heavy ; nasals expanded in front; palatal foramina rather short; bullre not so much swollen as usual. Dimensions of the type (measured in the flesh) : — Head and body 470 mm.; tail 305 ; hind foot 107 ; ear 65. Skull: greatest length 91 ; basilar length 75*5 ; zygomatic breadth 50; breadth of brain-case on parietal bones 34*2; length of upper tooth series (crowns) 22. Hah. Sierra de los Baguales y de las Vizcachas, lat. 50° 50' S., long. 72° 20' W., on the boundary between Chili and Argentina. Type. Adult female. B.M.no. 7. 4. 5. G. Original number 277. Collected 1st February, 1907, by Mr. John A. Wolffsohn. Three specimens. In the interesting account which Mr. W olffsolm has sent me of the capture of these specimens, he states that remarhahle Mountain Viscacha. 441 Mr. Ferrier_, who owns a farm in that district, at the foot of Mount Payne, says that the Sierra de los Baguales is known to be the most southern part in which Vizcachas occur, and between that range and much farther north there are none at all.” The species is readily distinguishable from all other members of the genus by its large size, rich colour, long fur, immensely bushy tail, and short black ears. With characteristic modesty Mr. Wolffsohn has suggested that the species should be named after Mr. McClelland, the President of his Company, to whom he owed the pleasure of his trip to Patagonia, but in view of the immense amount of help w^e have received from Mr. Wolffsohn, I have ventured to disregard his request, and to name this fine animal after him. AVhile working out Viscaccia Wolffsohni I have found the different races of this genus, of which the British Museum possesses a large number of specimens, to be both numerous and yet locally so constant as to deserve recognition by name. The fine series obtained by the late Mr. Perry O. Simons during his exploration of the Andes is especially rich in noteworthy forms. Asa preliminary I propose to give short diagnoses of such as I believe to be new, hoping to return to the subject later, when still further material is available. Of the old names : — Viscaccia. viscaccia, Molina, is the large deep grey animal from the Chilian Andes, with a short ill-defined dorsal line, yellow belly, the tail with long grey crest and with its underside, although blackish, not sharply defined black. V. Cuvieri, Benn., and, more doubtfully, V.pallipes, Benn., appear both to be referable to a strongly yellowish form found in Northern Chili, localized specimens from Iquique and Tarapacd being in the Museum. F. peruana, Meyen, I cannot certainly identify, as of none of the specimens before me can it be said that auf dem Bauche, besonders zwischen den hintern Extremitaten, sind die Haare zierlich weiss gefarbt,” all having the belly of a more or less yellow colour, which is generally deepest in the inguinal region. Some form agreeing with Meyen^s descrip- tion will no doubt yet be found. In the absence of exact knowledge of the local relationship of the different forms to each other, I provisionally use binomial names for all. Ann. & Mag. N. Hist. Ser. 7. Vol. xix. 31 442 Mr. 0. Thomas on Viscaccia inca, sp. n. Pale grey (between grey no. 8 and smoke-grey), without or with very faint trace of dorsal stripe. Wool-hairs about 30 mm. Belly well-defined pale yellow, the axillary white spots distinct. Feet creamy white. Tail not sharply bi color, the underside only slightly darkened proximally. Hind foot (on skin) 85 mm. ; skull, greatest length 81. Hab. Junin, Peru. Type from Incapirca, Zezioro. Type. Adult female. B.M. no. 94. 8. 6. 20. Collected by J. Kalinowski, 8th May, 1890. Three specimens. Viscaccia arequipoe, sp. n. Posterior body grey like V. inca.^ but the fore-back and shoulders more buffy. Dorsal line present, though incon- spicuous. Wool-hairs of back about 30 mm. Undersurface pale yellow. Feet white. Tail distinctly and sharply bicolor, the under surface and end black. Hind foot (measured fresh) 92 mm. ; skull, greatest length 79. Hah. Sumbay, near Arequipa. Alt. 4000 m. Type. Subadult male. B.M. no. 0. 10. 1. 93. Collected 4th July, 1900, by P. O. Simons. Four specimens. Viscaccia suhrosea^ sp. n. The grey distinctly suffused with pinkish buff, the re- sulting general colour approaching broccoli-brown.^’ Dorsal line scarcely perceptible. Under surface inclined to pink, nearest to ‘^salmon-buff.” Feet pinkish buff. Tail not very sharply bicolor, although more so than in V, inca. Hind foot (fresh) 85 mm. ; skull, greatest length 77. Hah. Galera, W. of Oroya, Dept. Lima. Alt. 4800 m. Type. Adult female. B.M. no. 0. 7. 7. 53. Collected 24th February, 1900, by P. O. Simons. Four specimens. Viscaccia saturata^ sp. n. Colour much darker than in the previous species, an olive- grey nearly as dark as Ridgway’s “ olive,” sometimes marbled with black along the dorsal area ; no distinct dorsal line. Wool-hairs about 26-27 mm. in length. Under surface cream-buff. Feet white. Tail distinctly bicolor, the under surface glossy black. Skull broader than usual, the nasals much swollen. Hind foot (fresh) 95 mm.; length of skull 80. 443 new Species of Viscaccla. Ilah. Limbane, Inambari, Dept. Puno. Alt. 3500 m. Type, Adult male. B.M. no. 1. 1. 1 . 52. Collected 26th July, 1900, byP. 0. Simons. Three specimens. Viscaccia punensis^ sp. n. Size small. Colour more brownish grey, the area across tbe shoulders specially brown. Dorsal line fairly distinct. Wool-hairs about 24 mm. Under surface dull creamy whitish, the brown basal part of the hairs less hidden than usual. Axillary white spots well marked. Feet white. Tail sharply bicolor, the light part of the crest nearly white; the under surface and end black. Hind foot (on skin) 90 mm. ; length of skull 76*5. Hah. Puno, Lake Titicaca. Alt. 3800 m. Type. Adult female. B.M. no. 97. 10. 3. 51. Collected 1st April, 1896, by J. Kalinowski. Six specimens. Viscaccia cuscus, sp. n. Size large. Colour deep grey, about grey no. 5 ; dorsal line very distinct, black, about 300 mm. in length. Wool- hairs about 23 mm. Under surface ^‘bufF” or “pinkish buff^’ ; axillary white patches unusually large. Feet cream- colour. Tail grizzled grey, not markedly bicolor, the prox- imal part of the under surface above blackish. Hind foot (fresh) 102 mm. ; length of skull 91. Hab. Paratani, Bolivia (about 66° W., 17° 5' S ). Alt. 2600 m. Type. Adult female. B.M. no. 2.1.1.104. Collected 9th April, 1901, by P. O. Simons. One specimen. Viscaccia lutea, sp. n. Colour between cream-buff and clay-colour ; dorsal line fairly distinct, about 150 mm. in length ; wool-hairs about 29-30 mm. Under surface cream-buff ; the axillary spots well marked. Feet creamy. Tail bicolor, the upper crest mixed with blackish. Hind foot (on skin) 95 mm. ; length of skull 85. Hah. Esperanza, Sahama, Bolivia. Alt. 4000 m. Type. Adult male. B.M. no. 98.3.16.22. Collected 12th May, 1897, by Gustav Garlepp. Four specimens. Viscaccia perlutea^ sp. n. Like V. lutea^ but the colour throughout a richer buffy. Face clearer grey. Dorsal line very strong, nearly 200 mm. 31* 444 Occurrence of the Edible Dormouse in Sardinia. in length ; wool-hairs about 28 mm. Under surface rich buff instead of cream-buff. Feet cream-buff. Tail bicolor, not sharply defined, the light hairs of the crest yellowish, instead of the usual greyish white. Hind foot (fresh) 100 mm. ; length of skull 82. Hah. Pampa Aulliaga, Bolivia (67° W., 19° 30' S.). Alt. 3800 m. Type. Adult male. B.M. no. 2. 2. 2. 89 bis. Collected 22nd October, 1901, by P. 0. Simons. Two specimens. Viscaccia tucumana^ sp. n. Colour clear grey, with scarcely a trace of drab ; dorsal stripe short, fairly distinct, rather over 100 mm. in length. Hairs of back about 24 mm. in length. Under surface buff and cream-buff; the axillary white spots distinct. Feet creamy. Tail not markedly bicolor ; the crest intermixed black and greyish white, the underside black proximally, greyer distally. Hind foot (on skin) 91 mm. ; length of skull 85. Hah. Cumbre de Mala-Mala, Sierra de Tucuman. Alt. 3000 m. Type. Adult female. B.M. no. 5. 10. 29. 6. Collected 10th April, 1904, by L. Hinelli. Six specimens. LTI. — -On the Occurrence of the Edible Dormouse {Genus Glis) in Sardinia. By Oldfield Thomas. Up to the present time no trustworthy record has existed of the occurrence of the edible dormouse either in Sardinia or Corsica, such references to ‘‘ Ghiri ” as have been published possibly, indeed probably, referring to Eliomys. From the palaeontological list Glis is also absent*; but Dr. Forsyth Major has been good enough to inform me that he knows of an undoubted Glis from the Pleistocene of Corsica, a fact which has an important bearing on the question as to the really indigenous position of the animal I am about to describe. The British Museum owes to Sr. Giuseppe Meloni, of Lanusei, Eastern Sardinia, a number of examples of a dormouse discovered by him in the neighbourhood of that place, and a careful comparison with a series of Glis italicus from various parts of Italy convinces me that the Sardinian form is distinct enough to require a name. I therefore propose to term it Willi the, exception of a reference by Studiati in T.a Marmora’s ^ Geology of Sardinia,’ and this may, again, be very possibly an Ulwfnys. On a new Genus and Sj.)ecies of Muscida3. 445 Glis Melonii, sp» n. Like G. italicusy but greyer in colour and with a different tail. General characters and size as in the Italian species, the upper premolar small and comparatively simple as in that animal. Colour, instead of being drab or drab-grey as is the case in italicus, clear grey, without drab suffusion, approxi- mating to grey no. 6 of Ridgway. Tail very thick and bushy at the base, tapering terminally to the comparatively narrow tip ; quite evenly broad throughout in G. italicus. In colour, while at least the terminal half, and sometimes more, of the tail in italicus is brown or blackish, in Melonii only the tip is darkened, the grizzled grey extending for from two thirds to three fourths of the length of the tail ; the tip itself is also darker, often really black ; under surface with the usual white line along the proximal two thirds. Skull and dentition as in G. italicus. External dimensions apparently about as in G. italicus, but the skins seem to be stretched, and no useful purpose would be served by measuring them. Skull of type : greatest length 4^ mm. ; basilar length 34; greatest breadth 35 ; nasals 13* *5; interorbital breadth 5*5 ; length of upper tooth series 7*6. Hah. (of type). Marcurighe, Urzulei, Ogliastra, Sardinia.. Other specimens from Monte Nieddu. Type. Adult male in British Museum. Collected by Sr. Giuseppe Meloni. Twelve specimens examined. Signor Meloni informs me that this dormouse is only found in the Forests of Urzulei and Orgosolo, while it appears to be quite absent from the other forests of the island. LIII. — A new Genus and Species of Phlebotomic Miiscidge. from Aden. By Ernest E. Austen. Stomoxybinjs. Stygeromyia *, gen. nov. In some respects intermediate between Stomoxys, Geoff., Bcematobia'\ j Rob.-Desv.,and Lyperosia, Rond, (sensu Bezzi). * (TTvyepos, hateful ; fxv7a, a fly. t The present writer cannot agree with Speiser (Zeitschr. f. wiss. Insektenbiol. Bd. i. (1905) p. 461), whom he regrets to see has recently been followed by Bezzi (“ Mosche Ematofaghe,” Rendiconti del R. 1st. Bomb, di sc. e lett., serie ii. vol. xl. 1907, p. 17 [sep. imp.] ; and ‘ Katalog UG Mr. E. E. Austen on a neio Li general appearance and form of body similar to Stomoxys^ but in shape of proboseis and palpi resembling Ilcematohiaj though with arista feathered only on upper side, as in Sto- moxys and Lyperosia. — Head somewhat flattened from front to rear, with basioccipital region only slightly swollen ; pro- boscis short, stout, and shining, of uniform thickness through- out, not tapering to the tip, chitinous, but terminated by a pair of small fleshy labella ; palpi equal to proboscis in length, large, clavate towards the tips, curving upwards, and with stout bristles on the outer side at the distal extremity. Bristles of thorax : — Humeral^ 3. Post-humeral^ 1. Noto- pleural^ 2. Prcesutural, 1. Supra-alar^ 1. Intra-alar^ 1. Post-alar j 2. Dorso-central, 6 (1 in front of and 5 behind the suture). Inner dorso-central ^ 1. Scutellar^ 4 (1 prse- basal, 1 basal, 1 discal, 1 apical) Mesopleuraly 9 or 10, wider apart than in Stomoxys or Ilcematohia. Stern opleural^ 1 (posterior, as in Stomoxys, instead of 1 : 1, as in Ilcematohia) . Wings with first posterior cell narrowly open at the tip, the width of the opening being precisely that seen in the same cell in the wing oi Musca corvina, Fabr., and less than half der Palaarktischen Dipteren,’ Bd. iii.), in transferring to this genus, from its time-honoured position among the Tachiuinse, Meigen’s name Siphona. So far from Meigen’s diagnosis, published in 1803 (Illiger’s ‘ Magazin fiir Inselitenkunde,’ Bd. ii. p. 281), applying just as well to Hmnatohia, Ilob.- W&y., to Bucentes, Latr. { = Siphona, Mg., Syst. Beschr. iv. (1824), p. 154, et aiict.), as erroneousl}^ asserted by Speiser, the statements con- cerning the bare arista and “ gebrochen ” proboscis show that it does nothing of the kind. On the contrary, it must be evident to any unbiassed investigator that, when writing his diagnosis of 1803, Meigen had in view identically the same genus as that subsequently characterized by him in greater detail in the volume of the ‘ Systematische Beschreibuug’ pub- lished in 1824, and illustrated in tab. xxxvii. of that work, tigs. 18-25. Strangely enough, in view of the course that he has seen tit to adopt, this contention is actually advanced by Bezzi (toe. cit. pp. 17-18, sep. imp.) ! In dealing his perfectly gratuitous blow at the stability of Muscid nomen- clature, Speiser relies chietly on the fact that Meigen appended to his 1803 diagnosis of Biphona, as “ type ” or ‘^example,” the name “ Stomoxys irriUms, Fabr.,” which is now admitted to be a synonym of Ilcematohia {Stomoxys) stimulans, Mg. This argument, however, goes for naught in view of the statements in the diagnosis itself, to which attention has already been drawn ; and, as Bezzi remarks {loc. cit. p. 18, sep. imp.), there appears to have been some mistake as regards the species given as the type of the genus Siphona. It may well be that ‘‘ irritans,’’’ Fabr., was simply a layisus calami for “ minuta'd Fabr., since in Syst. Beschr. iv. p. 155, Stomoxys minuta, Fabr., is given by Meigen himself as a synonym of Sipho7ia (Mnsca) yeniciilata, Beg., the species which there follows immediately after the detailed description of the genus Siphona. * For the nomenclature of the bristles of the scutellum, cf. Girschnor, “ Ueber die Scutellarbeborstung der Musciden,” Wiener entoinologische Zeitung, xx. Jahrg. (1901), pp. 71-72, Taf. i. tigs. 4-7. 447 Genus and Species o/Muscidoe. of that exhibited by the first posterior cell in the case of Stomoxys calcitrans^ L. ; apical portion of fourth vein beyond the bend perfectly straight^ not bent inwards at the extremity, as in Stomoxys and Hcematohia. Typical species, Stygerornyia maculosa^ sp. n. Stygeromyia maculosa j sp. n. S . Length mm. ; length of wing 6^ mm. ; width of head mm. ; width of front at narrowest part ^ mm., slightly wider at vertex j length of proboscis from base of chitinous • portion to tip of labella 1^ mm.; width of thorax at trans- verse suture 2^ mm. ; width of abdomen at hind margin of second segment 2| mm. Entirely smoke-grey striped and spotted with hromn^ bristles and hair entirely black palpi and tibice orange-buff (anterior surface of hind tibiae suffused with grey) ; wings hyaline^ basal portion of third vein with some 7 or 8 bristles, wide apart and exceedingly minute. Head. — Face and front yellowish silvery, posterior surface grey ; ground-colour of face ochraceous ; frontal stripe walnut-brown, narrovy, slightly narrower than orbits in middle, expanding above and below, lower extremity enclosing usual silvery spot above base of antenna; antennce^ first and second joints and base of third joint on inner side below orange- rufous, remainder of third joint and arista dark brown ; hairs on upper side of arista long, 11 or 12 in number ; palpi with short black bristles on outer side on distal two-thirds, three or four bristles at extreme tip of each palpus longer than remainder, and very conspicuous when insect is examined under a lens ; middle portion of lower margin of each palpus beset with a series of fine and rather long black hairs ; proboscis. dark chestnut-brown. Thorax. — Brown markings on dorsum as follows : — a pair of narrow admedian stripes extending from anterior margin across transverse suture and terminating at one-fourth the distance between suture and prsescutellar furrow ; a somewhat lighter-coloured median stripe., which, commencing a short distance in front of the inner dor so-central bristles, disappears close to hind margin, and reappears again as a faintly marked fleck on base of scutellum ; two broader spots on each side near transverse suture, one in front of suture, immediately behind post-humeral bristle, the other behind suture, between supra-alar bristle and the dorso-central row, and nearer to the latter; the last-mentioned spot is ^ For names of colours see Ridgway, ‘ A Nomenclature of Colors for Naturalists’ (Boston : Little, Brown, and Company, 1886). 448 Bibllograjyhical Notices, somevvliat elongate, and all the thoracic markings, except the short posterior median stripe and the fleck on the base of the scutellum, are somewhat shining : tlie general arrangement of the thoracic markings, except for the presence of a fleck on tlie base of the scutellum, is similar to that seen in tlie case of the $ of Iloimatohia stimulans, Mg. Abdomen rounded, the upper surface strongly arched ; first segment unspotted ; second^ third, and fourth segments with an elongate median spot of mummy-brown^ and a lateral spot on each side) the median spots on the second and third segments are guttate, and that on the second segment is in contact with the front margin, but does not quite reach the hind margin ; the median spot on the third segment is not in contact with either front or hind margins; the same spot on the fourth segment takes the form of a narrow median stripe extending from the front margin to a point one-third of the length of the segment from the hind margin ; the lateral spots on the second segment are the largest of all and transverse. Legs. — Femora greyish, except tips, which are orange- buff ; front tarsi cinnamon- rufous, middle and hind tarsi darker, last joint of all tarsi ferruginous. One specimen. Little Aden, Arabia. 8. ii. 1895. {Lieut.- Colonel Yerhury.) Type in British Museum (Natural History). The British Museum is indebted to the generosity of Colonel Yerbury, whose remarkable energy as a collector of Hiptera is well known, for the enrichment of its collection with the type of the new genus and species described above. Although the donor has unfortunately been unable to find in his diaries any reference to the habits of the insect, there can be no doubt, from its evident affinities and from the shape of its proboscis, that Stygeromyia maculosa is a blood-sucker ; and it is to be hoped that we may ere long receive, in addition to a series of specimens of both sexes, full details as to the bionomics of this striking addition to the Stomoxydinae. BIBLIOGRAPHICAL NOTICES. Fishes of Japan, an Account principally on Economic Species. By Keinosukb Otaki, Tsunenobu Etjjita, and Tadashi Higuhasui. Text roy. 8vo ; plates imper. 4to. Tokyo, 1903-7. (Publishers : Shokwabo, Tokyo.) This work has been in progress for several years. Excellent in its plan, object, and execution, it is characteristic of the thoroughness with which the Japanese Naturalists have mastered western 449 Blhliograpliical Notices, scientific methods, as well as of their national aptitude for rendering their work generally useful by combining practical instruction with purely technical detail. The text of each number consists of two separate portions : the first, which is written in English, contains a technical description ot* each species with an account of its distribution in Japan, its habits, propagation, economic value, and, in a condensed form, of the implements and modes of capture. The second portion is a Japanese reproduction of the former, but in it the authors enter more fully into such details as possess a special local interest ; it is illustrated by numerous text-figures of the implements and apparatus employed by the Japanese fishermen, many of which are very ingenuous, while a few are admittedly foreign importations. Some spirited sketches of fishing-operations cannot fail to delight the fisherman’s heart, and a study of them may be useful or give new ideas to the expert of other lands. The figures of the fishes have been taken from fresh specimens and are most faithful representations ; although every attention is paid to an accurate delineation of structural details, ichthyologists will readily recognize in them an artistic family-likeness to the illustrations in Siebold’s ‘ Fauna Japonica.’ The authors do not hamper themselves with a systematic sequence of the species admitted in their work. Of the four parts that have appeared up to the present, the first (1903) treats of Lateolahrax japonicus^ Latilus sinensis, Thynnus affinis, and Seriola quinquei'adiata. The importance of the last two may be gathered from the fact that in 1899 the catch of the Tunny amounted to 79,124,002 pounds, valued at about .£394,000, and that of the Seriola in 1901 to 44,731,405 pounds, valued at i209,000. Of the food-fishes treated of in the second part (1904) — Scombrops chilodipteroides, Scomber colias, Trachurus japonicus, Caranx muroadsi, Paralichthys olivaceus — the most valuable is the Spanish Mackerel, identical with the European form, its capture being valued on an average at <£120,000 a year. In the third part (1906) Spams Schlegelii, Thynnus Sclilegelii, Clupea melanosticta, Chaioessus punctatus, and two freshwater fishes, Cyprinus carpio and Carassius auratus, are included. As to the Carp, it is interesting to notice that this fish is regarded as “ one of the table dainties,” and that its culture has been practised in Japan as far back as the first century. Goldfish are generally distributed over the islands, even the smallest streams being stocked with this species ; its culture is known to have been well- developed in the ninth century. Part 4 (1907) contains descriptions and figures of nine species : Pagrus major, Oncorhynclius keta, Plecoglossus altivelis, Salmo mason, Hypomesus olidus, Salanx microdon, Anguilla japonica, Murcenesox cinereus, and Conger anago. The first of these is of great commercial value, estimated at £326,000 per annum. The small Plecoglossus is highly esteemed for the table, and aflfords principally sport with Cormorants ; some places in the Miuo 450 Geological Societg. Province have been famous for this mode of fishing since the reign of the Emperor Jimmu, the founder of the nation more than 2500 years ago. A. G. The British Woodlice, being a Monograph of the Terrestrial Isopod Crustacea occurring in the British Islands. By Wilfred Mirk Wedb and Charles Silleh. With 25 Plates and 59 Figures in the Text. [Reprinted from the ‘ Essex Naturalist/ vol. xiv. 1905 -6.] 8vo. Duckworth & Co., 1906. Pp. x, 54. Qs. net. Hitherto the British terrestrial Arthropoda other than the most attractive insects have received comparatively little attention from the general public, and we are glad to welcome a well-executed monograph of one of these neglected groups on which hitherto there has been no popular or easily accessible work. Moreover, as it is a small group, it has been possible to deal with the subject in greater detail than if a great number of species required to be noticed in a limited space. In the present work seventeen species are described and figured from Essex, including Ligia oceanica^ a sea-shore species, which was very properly included as being closely allied to the terrestrial species and too important and interesting to be omitted. Besides these, eight species are described which have occurred in other parts of the British Islands but have not yet been recorded from Essex, making twenty-five British species in all. Now that attention has been called to the group, others will doubtless soon be added to the list. The book commences Avith a well-written account of the position, geological history, and structure of the group, the structure and anatomy being well illustrated. This is followed by remarks on habits, use in medicine, names, cpllecting and preservation, classification, and tables of genera. Then follows the detailed description of genera and species, and a good Bibliography closes a volume which deserves the attention of all who are interested in the zoology of the British Islands. W. F. K. PROCEEDINGS OF LEARNED SOCIETIES. GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY. Januaiy 9th, 1907. — Sir Archibald Geikie, D.C.L., Sc.D., Sec.R.S., President, in the Chair. The following communications were read : — 1. ‘ On the Cretaceous Formation of Bahia (Brazil) and on the Yertebrate Fossils contained therein.’ By Joseph Mawson, F.G.S., and Dr. Arthur Smith Woodward, F.R.S., F.L.S., F.G.S. This paper relates to a series of estuarine and freshwater deposits originally described to the Geological Society by the late Samuel Allport, in 1859. The results of thirty years’ collecting of fossils Miscellaneous. 4j1. are summarized, and the distribution of the formation, so far as determined, is marked on a map. The strata are disturbed by numerous dislocations and discordant dips, and no regular succes- sion of zones or horizons can be discovered. All the more important vertebrate fossils collected are now in the British Museum (Natural History). From these a few remains of new species are selected for special description. A mandibular symphysis of a very large crocodile, with a long garial-like snout, belongs to one of the Goniopholidae. Some Dinosaurian vertebrae seem to belong to the Iguanodont group. A large fish-skull represents a new genus allied to Macropoma^ and indicates a species five or six times as large as any Coelacanth previously discovered. The discussion of a complete list of the fossil Vertebrata proves that the formation is of Cretaceous age, and suggests that it may be Lower Cretaceous, as supposed by Hartt. 2. ‘ On a New Dinosaurian Reptile from the Trias of Lossiemouth, Elgin.’ By Arthur Smith Woodward, LL.D., E.R.S., F.L.S., F.G.S. Mr. W^illiam Taylor, of Elgin, has recently discovered two skeletons of a small new reptile in the Triassic sandstone of Lossiemouth. Two imperfect skeletons of the same species are also shown on a slab of the same sandstone in the British Museum (Natural History). The head and trunk measure only 4 inches in length, but there is a very long and slender tail. The head is relatively large, and resembles that of Ornithosuchus in many respects ; but the fossils do not exhibit any teeth. There are about twenty-one presacral vertebrae, of which nine are cervical. There are distinct traces of a plastron of delicate abdominal ribs. The limb-bones exhibit a large internal cavity. The fore-limbs are very small, with a humerus as long as the radius and ulna. The hind- limbs are relatively large, and the ilium is extended autero- posteriorly for the length of four vertebrae. The femur is almost as long as the tibia and fibula ; while the metatarsus is especially remarkable, being half as long as the tibia and consisting of four metatarsals of nearly-equal length firmly fused together. The toes are long and slender, with sharply-pointed claws. The Author concludes that this must have been a running or leaping reptile, and that it represents a new genus of Dinosauria related to the American Triassic Hallopus. MISCELLANEOUS. Modern Helminthological Nomenclature. By Dr. vox Linstow. Within the last few years such far-reaching changes have been effected in helminthological nomenclature that it appears well worth while to subject them to a critical examination. In the first place the principle has been established that the name 452 Miscellaneous. that shall be valid is the oldest, and not the one that has hitherto been in use and is well known ; the consequence is that the species are quoted under names some of which were never current, and have to be explained by the addition of those previously used, since their meaning is unknown ; the oldest name has the right of priority. On this point Looss remarks in his latest work, ‘ On New and Previously Described Trematodes from Marine Turtles ’ (‘ Uber neue und bekannte Trematoden aus Seeschildkroten,’ Jena, 1902) ; — “A name has no right of priority unless accompanied by statements by means of which the species in question can be re-identihed. The bare possibility that by an older name a certain species is meant to be understood is not sufficient to justify its re-introduction ; the right of priority can be claimed for an old name only when it is recognizably defined, otherwise it is invalid, since the question turns upon the meaning of the name. With an exchange of names there must also be connected an exchange of concepts ; the old name must, in order to supersede tlie later one, be justified by its meaning ; the introduction of old names to which no one is able to attach a certain definition could only give rise to differences of opinion.” That this is to be demanded of generic just as much as of specific names is self-evident ; generic names that convey no meaning are valueless. It is sad that there should be any necessity to lay stress upon these self-evident principles ; we shall see, however, that it was bound to happen, for modern systematists deal largely in words that are wanting in meaning, and we are involuntarily reminded of Goethe’s Denn eben wo Begrifte fehlen, Da stellt ein Wort zur rechten Zeit sich ein ; Mit Worten lasst sich trefflich streiten, Mit Worten ein System bereiten ; An Worte lasst sich trefflich glauben, Von einem Wort lasst sich kein Jota raiiben” * This is the answer that the foolish scholar receives to his objection ; — “ Doch ein Begriff muss bei dem Worte sein ” f. The word Fasciola is substituted for the well-known and customary I)istomum\ almost all authors loyally write Fasciolidae instead of Distomidae, according to the law of priority laid down by the Zoological Congress. ^ For just where ideas are wanting Comes in a timely word ; With words can we raise a rare dispute, With words a system institute ; Belief on words may we well bestow, No single jot will a word forego. t Yet with the word an idea must be. Miscellaneous, 453 The “ genus ” Fasciola was founded by Linnaeus (‘ Fauna Suecica/ ed. ii. (Holmiae, 1746), p. 505, no. 2075) for Fasciola hepatica ovata, by which name- no fewer than three species are meant : — Distomum liepaticum, Abildg. ; Dendrocoelum lacteum, Oerst. ; and Schisto- cephalus solidus, Rud. It follows therefore that a Trematode, a Turbellarian, and a Cestode are equally entitled to be termed Fasciola, if under these circumstances Fasciola can stand as a generic name. There can, however, surely be no doubt that a generic name which at the same time denotes a Trematode, a Turbellarian, and a Cestode is nonsense from a scientific point of view. No idea is conveyed by the word, but to this modern systematists apparently attach no importance. Let us see how the name Fasciola was subsequently applied ; — Fasciola intestinalis, Linnaeus, = digramma, Creplin ; Fasciola alata, Rudolphi, = Hemistomum alatum. Diesing ; Fasciola excavata, Die&in^, — Hemistomum excavatum^ Diesing ; Fasciola strigis, Gmelin, = Holostomum variahile, Nitzsch ; Fasciola suhclavata, Schrank, = Diplodiscus suhclavatus, Diesing ; Fasciola has been used to designate fifty species of Distomum. Fasciola hepatica, Muller, = A^nphistomum conicum. Rudolphi ; Fasciola verrucosa, Schrank, = Monostomum verrucosum, Zeder ; Fasciola uncinata, Q(me\m, = Polystomum integerrimum, Rudolphi ; Fasciola harhata, JAmidd\x.s,, = Rhynchohothrium paleaceum, Rudolphi ; Fasciola truttae, Rcederer, = ZV’^cieuop^oms nodulosus, Rudolphi ; Fasciola marmorosa, Muller, = marmorata, Hempr. &Ehrg. ; Fasciola glauca, MAWcr, = Monocelis glauca. Diesing ; Fasciola lactea, Mxl\QY, — Planaria lactea, Muller. This is the result of the foundation of the genus Fasciola by Linnaeus ; the definition of Fasciola is a fiattened worm, which tapers at both ends. Looss discusses the question whether in applying the law of priority we should go back to Linnaeus, ‘ Systema Naturae,’ ed. x. 1758, or to Rudolphi, ‘ Synopsis,’ 1819, and decides in favour of the latter year, since Rudolphi was to a certain extent the founder of scientific helminthology, and the only means of interpreting the obscure old descriptions correctly is the study of the types. He holds, however, that, as a general rule, the introduction of old and unknown names not hitherto in use is a retrograde step, and that disinterred antiquities should not again be employed. As a matter of fact, when we, only in accordance with the law of priority, write Vesicaria truttoe instead of Taenia longicollis, Halysis latus instead of Bothriocephalus latus, Lumhricus teres instead of Asca7'is lumhricoides, Gordias medinensis instead of Dracunculus medlnensis, Filaria locustae instead of Gordius aquaticus, Cucullanus ranee instead of Strongylus am'icularis, and Taenia hceruca instead of Echmorhynchus angustatus, satisfaction has been rendered to the right of priority. Not all the species here mentioned are the first and typical ones for which the old genus was founded ; but it was only a question of showing what a confusion of ideas is occa- sioned by the old names, and with the growing modern inclination Miscellaneous, 4r>t to form where possible a speeial genus for each species the prospect of being obliged to return to the old generic names indicated becomes constantly greater. It is an arbitrary proceeding to lay down 1758 and 1819 as limits of time from which the law of priority shall commence to apply ; what really matters is the signification of the old names. If investigators of the importance of a Leuckart and others did not resuscitate these old names, they must have had their reasons for the course that they adopted ; they, too, must surely have con- sidered such a procedure as a step in the wrong direction. In strange contrast to the endeavours to replace later names by old ones are the equally frequent attempts to substitute quite recent names for the latter. The genus Tetrabothrium, lludolphi, with the typical species cylindraceum, Eud., and macrocephalum^ End., has been broken up and replaced by Prosthecocotyle, Monticelli and Fuhrmann, and Bothriotcenia, Lonnberg. As a reason for this proceeding it is asserted that Diesing has employed the designation Tetrahothriiim, Eudolphi, in a sense different from that in which it is used by Eudolphi, but this, however, in no way concerns the latter and his genus. The old and well-characterized genus Amphistomiini, Eudolphi, has been broken up by Fischoeder, who substitutes his genus Parampliistomum. The reason given is that Eudolphi described an Ampliistomum macrocephalum, which, however, according to the laws of priority must be called Strigea. The oldest name for this species is not Strigea, but Planaria teres, Goeze(l782); it was afterwards termed Festucaria strigis, Schrank (1788), and subse- quently (1793) Fasciola strigis, Gmelin ; then for the first time Strigea, Abildgaard (1793), later Amphistoma macroceplialum, Eudolphi (1801), and finally Holostommn variahile, Nitzsch (1819). The latter is the name of the species to-day, and consequently it is not an Ampliistomum ; the typical species of this genus are conicum, Eud., and suhtriquetrum, Eud., hut the name Parampthi- stomum, which has not the slightest justification, has been adopted by modern systematists. Trichina, Owen, is now called Trichinella, Eailliet, since Meigen applied the name Trichina to a Dipteron in 1830. Medicine, veterinary science, and agriculture will not employ the terms “ Trichinellae,” “examination for Trichinellac,” and “ Trichinellosis.” For more than thirty years the whole of the educated world has known the meaning of Trichinae, but what Trichinellae are it does not know and will, moreover, not learn ; there is no risk of con- fusion ; when we read that someone is suffering from Trichinae or that they have been found in a pig we do not think of flies ; 1 consider it wrong to bring about a change of name that will never be adopted. The genus Monostomum, Zeder, was abolished by the bestowal ii])on its species of numerous other generic names; afterwards. ^fisceUaneous. 455 when Monostomidse were spoken of, it was remarked that the genus Monostomum had disappeared ; it had slipped through our fingers ; the only species remaining was Monostommn prismaticum^ Zeder, which, however, according to Monticelli is a Disiomum ; according to Looss the species is absolutely indeterminable. Thus Zeder’s genus Monostomum has ceased to exist, and a similar fate is in store for many another old genus if the course adopted is followed further. While entirely sharing the above-quoted views of Looss with reference to the value of the old names, I cannot approve of the action of this author and others in founding wherever possible a new genus for each new species, nor can I assent to his definition of the idea conveyed by the latter term. Looss declares that, if two different species exhibit anatomical differences, they at least belong to different genera ; two species of the same genus must be in perfect agreement as regards their anatomical structure, and may only differ in the relative size and position of their organs and in actual bodily size. If we examine the figures of the six Distomes given by Looss on p. 860 of his work already referred to, which are stated to represent six genera, the conviction takes hold of us that specific differences are here mistaken for generic : in fig. 5 the viteilarium lies beneath and outside the limb of the intestine, in fig. 6 only outside it ; otherwise the two figures agree in even the smallest detail ; and these are said to belong to two genera. If trivialities of this sort are regarded as generic differences, we shall soon have as many genera as species. Looss asserts that the old generic designation Distomum no longer signifies anything whatever. I consider Distomum to be an excellently characterized genus, which, like Tcenia, only possesses the inconvenience of being too bulky ; we shall therefore do well to effect a division into subgenera, and to write, for example, Distomum {Apohlema) appendiculatum and Tcenia {Davainea) frontina. The definition of a genus adopted by Looss is, however, inapplicable to other classes, e. g. birds, fishes, and insects. I regard the genus as the aggregate of species united into closer association by means of common characters ; thus we have genera such as Felis^ Anas, Cyprinus, Dana, Vipera, Vanessa, and in botany Quercus and Ranunculus ; they are not based upon anatomical differences, however ; Looss’s definition ignores common characters and only takes into consideration the differences ; for the concept of a genus, as I apprehend it, it is not the differences but the common features that are decisive. In ornithology we have got beyond this period of nomenclature ; time was when the gulls found on German shores bore the generic designations Rodostethia, Xema, Hydrocolceus, Gavia, Melagavia, Cephus, Laroides, Rissa, Chimonea, Pagophila, Cetosparactes, Leucus, Glaucus, Clupeilarus, and Dominicanus — fifteen generic names for twelve species ; they are now in the majority of cases all called Larus once more, the three-toed gull at the most is assigned to Rissa. 45G Miscellaneous, Owing to the confusion occasioned by modern nomenclature, it has already become impossible to make an alphabetical catalogue of Helminthes ; for where, for instance, are we to place Distomum maculosum, which has been assigned to five different genera ? The s})ecies is called Dlstommn maculosum, Rudolphi, Fasciola maculosa, lludolphi, Bicrocoellum maculosum, Olsson, Brachyleimus maculosus, Stossich, and Playiorclius maculosus, Braun ; among these genera the reader may make his choice. The method of writing the names has also been influenced by the modern passion for innovation. The rule has been laid down that specific names are to be written with a small initial letter. Ascaris linnoei means Linne’s Ascaris ; the word is a genitive, and whoever writes the name Linnoeus in the nominative and linnoei in the genitive perpetrates an orthographical error ; are we, for example, also to write Tcenia van henedeni instead of van Benedeni ? Three mistakes are comprised in the specific name of Ascaris gadi-hrandti, for the nominatives are Gadus and Brandtus, and a hyphen is unknown in Latin. There is no advantage in this new fashion, since everyone knows that in zoological names the first is the generic and the second the specific name. The disadvantages are manifold ; in the first place the modern way of writing is wrong ; secondly, we are led to consider words with small initial letters as adjectives, which is not the case ; and lastly, when a name has been bestowed by an author, no one has the right to alter it according to his own particular fancy. On enquiring as to the origin of these interfering changes, we are told that it is a question of the principle of stability in nomen- clature ; ‘‘ our first consideration in nomenclature should be stability,” says Stiles. In the setting-up and observance of the laws of stability of nomenclature, however, the names, which after all were the end in view, have been entirely forgotten, for the stability of the names has been utterly destroyed. We have now introduced names which are scientifically impossible : in the place of the old well-known names are found new and unknown ones ; instead of new and legitimate ones we have old senseless names that are mere words. The attempt is made to cancel the old idea of a genus, and to place almost every new species in a genus of its own ; the names are wrongly written, and this is called stability. Science also has its fashions, and we just go along with them ; we do not want to be old-fashioned, but desire to stand on the scientific summit ; we swim with the tide. Science, however, is free, and no one, not even a zoological congress, has the right to give it precepts which injure it. That the course which has been adopted by the prevailing helminthological nomenclature is a serious disadvantage to science I have no doubt whatever. — Zoologischer Anzeiger, Bd. xxvi. no. G92 (January 26, 1903), pp. 223-229 : from a separate impression supplied by the Author. THE ANNALS AND MAGAZINE or NATURAL HISTORY. [SEVENTH SERIES.] No. 114. JUNE 1907. LIV. — On the Classification of the Decapod Crustaceans, By L. A. Borradaile, M.A., Lecturer in Natural Sciences at Selwyn College, Cambridge. In the following pages proposals as to the classification of the Decapod Crustaceans which I have made in a number of papers during the last few years are stated in a connected form and with certain additions, so as to form a complete conspectus of the higher divisions of the group. I hope that this systematic summary may prove of practical use and that some remarks introductory to those portions of it which have not yet been published will be of service as a contribu- tion to the discussion of vexed questions of phytogeny and classification. The necessity for keeping the article within reasonable limits has compelled me to choose between the ordinary method of stating the diagnostic characters of the divisions of the classification under headings and that known as a key."*’ I have adopted the latter as being better suited to bring out the resemblances and contrasts on which a phylogenetic arrangement is based, and because it is of more immediate use to anyone unfamiliar with the group. Questions with which I have dealt elsewhere are not discussed in detail here, Ann. ck Mag, N. Hist. Ser. 7. Vol. xix. 32 458 Mr. L. A. Borradaile on the but a fuller treatment of them may be found in the origina papers*, especially those in the ‘ Fauna of the Maldives.’ I. The true position of the order Decapoda in the Crustacean system is very well shown by Dr. Caiman’s elaboration of Hansen’s classification, published in this Journal in 1904 f- To this classification I would give my adhesion, only pointing out that, if the Crustacea be given rank as a subphylum of the Arthropoda, equivalent to the Arachnoidea, Tracheata, and Prototracheata, the Malacostraca become a class and the Eumalacostraca a subclass. For our present purposes the most Important of the points made by Dr. Caiman is the close relationship between the Euphausiacea and the Decapoda. We shall assume that the two orders have a common origin and regard the subdivisions of the Decapoda as primitive in proportion as they approach the Euphausiacea, though it will at the same time be necessary to bear in mind that the Decapods with four rows of gills, representing, as we shall see, both epipodite and proepipodite, cannot be descended from the modern Euphausiaceans, which have only one row. * A Kevision of the Pontoniidoe,” Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. (7) ii. pp. 376-391 (1898). [History, affinities, and limits of the (sub-) family, pp. 376-379.] “ On the Stomatopoda and Macrura brought by Dr. Willey from the South Seas,” Willey’s Zool. Eesults, iv. pp. 395-428, pis. xxxvi.-xxxix. (1900). [Palmnonopsis, a Palaemonid with affinities to Pontoniidae, p. 410 ; doubtful validity of Latreutidae, p. 414.] “ On some Crustaceans from the South Pacific. — Part IV. The Crabs,” Proc. Zool. Soc. 1900, pp. 508-596, pis. xl.-xlii. [Primary subdivisions of the Crabs, p. 571 ; subfamilies of Atelecyclidae, Cancridae, and Por- tunidae, pp. 675-577.] “ Marine Crustaceans ” in Gardiner’s ‘ Fauna and Geography of the Maidive and Laccadive Archipelagoes.’ — Part III. The Xanthidae and some other Crabs, vol. i. pp. 237-271, text-figs. 41-60. [Characters and Classification of Xanthidae, pp. 237-238.] — Part IV. Some Eemarks on the Classification of the Crabs, vol. i. pp. 424-429, text-fig. 110. — Part VI. The Sand-Crabs (Oxystomata), vol. i. pp. 434-439, text-figs. 115-117, pi. xxii. [Cliaracters and Classification of Oxystomata, p. 434.] — Part IX. The Sponge-Crabs (Dromiacea), vol. ii. pp. 574-578, pi. xxxviii. [Cha- racters and classification of Dromiacea, pp. 574-670.] — Part X. The Spider-Crabs (Oxyrhyncha), vol. ii. pj). 681-690, text-figs. 122-126, pi. xlvii. [Characters and classification of Oxyrhyncha, pp. 681, 682.] — Part XI. On the Classification and Genealogy of the Eeptant Decapods, vol. ii. pp. 090-698, text-figs. 125, 120, pi. xlviii. — Part XIII. The Ilippidea, Thalassinidea, and Scyllaridea, vol. ii. pp. 750-754, pi. Iviii. [Characters and classification of the groups.] “ On the Classification of the Thalassinidea,” Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. (7) xii. pp. 534-651 (1903). Classification of the Decapod Crustaceans, 459 II. 1. The earliest of the surviving classifications of the Decapoda is that established by Latreille in 1806 in which the order is subdivided into Macrura or tailed forms and Brachyura or Crabs. Roughly speaking, this division depends on the condition of the abdomen, which in the Macrura is carried at length and in the Brachyura is folded under the thorax. In framing a definition, however, it is not possible to rely on the above criterion^ for in the Porcellanidag, the Hippidea, and the Lithodidas, which are undoubtedly nearly related to tailed forms, the abdomen is carried as in the Crabs. The absence from the Brachyura of the limbs of the sixth abdominal segment is a better character of separa- tion, but even this breaks down in the case of the Lithodidae, which were, indeed, placed by Latreille with the Crabs. Another criterion which is all but absolute is given by the fusion of the carapace at the side to the epistome. This is found in the Crabs, but only in the Scyllaridea and Eryonidea among the Macrura. No single difference, however, can be found which will absolutely and sharply define the Brachyura from the Macrura. 2. The next important step in the working out of the system was the establishment by H. Milne-Edwards in 1834 of a third suborder, the Anomura, intermediate between the two of Latreille. In the new group were placed certain of the higher Macrura (Paguridse, Hippidse, Porcellanidge) and lower Brachyura (Dromiidse, Homolidse including LithodeSj Raninida?), the abdomen in all these forms being more or less modified from the primitive macrurous condition, but keeping the sixth pair of limbs, except in the last two families. Milne-Edwards’s Anomura has had a chequered history in the hands of various authorities, having been alternately added to or reduced, retained or parcelled out again between the Brachyura and Macrura. In a recent paper f I have tried to show that the macrurous members of the original suborder, with the addition of the Galatheinea and Thalas- sinidea, form a natural group, and must be retained as such in the classification. 3. The last important proposal for the modification of the classification of the Decapoda was made by Boas in 1880 J. On the basis of an examination of the anatomy of a number * Gen. Crust. Insect, i. Fabricius’s two classes Kleistagnatha and Exochnata of “ Insects,” and Lamarck’s Cancri brachyuri and Cancri macrouri, had much the same extension. f Gardiner’s ‘ Fauna of the Maldives,’ vol. ii. p. 690. t Kongl. Danske Vidensk. Selsk. Skrifter, (6) i. p. 23. 32«* 4G0 Mr. L. A. Borradaile on the of typical genera Boas came to the conclusion that the existing arrangement was unnatural in that it contrasted the Brachyura and Anomura — single branches of the Decapoda — with a heterogeneous assemblage (the Macrura) consisting of the whole of the rest of the tree, some branches of which are more nearly related to the Brachyura and Anomura than they are to the rest of the Macrura. He accordingly proposed to divide the order into two suborders — the Reptantia, containing the Crabs, Anomurous forms, Thalassinidea, Homaridea (Nephropsidea), Scyllaridea, and Eryonidea ; and the Natantia, containing the Penaeidea (including Steno- pida?) and the Caridea The names of these suborders indicate the main difference by which, on the whole, they are separated ; a more accurate diagnosis will be found below. 4. There can be little question of the correctness of Boas’s view that the members of his E-eptantia form a natural group. The characters that they hold in common are too numerous and too specialized to admit of doubt on this point. But it by no means follows that the same is true of the Natantia. Unless it can be shown that the former group arose from the Decapod stem before the separation of the forms which constitute the latter, Boas’s classification will be open to the objection that he raised against Latreille’s — that is to say, it will be based, not on the divergence of two groups, but on the elevation of a branch to the same rank as the parent-stem. This, as it happens, is precisely the impression conveyed by the tree figured by Boas on p. 27 of his paper. The following considerations, however, serve to show that Boas’s tree is wrong and his classification true. A search for the most primitive group of the Decapoda leads, beyond all doubt, to the PenEeidea. This is seen, (1) in their primitive life-history, recalling that of the Euphausiacea ; (2) in the peculiar copulatory armature of the male, which suggests the same relationship ; (3) in the small number of special features, unshared by other Decapoda, which the group possesses, and the number of characters that they have in common with one or other of the remaining groups — • thus, with the lower Reptantia they share the shape of the first three pairs of legs, which are fairly alike except some- times in size, and all chelate t, whereas those of the Caridea often differ much and their third pair is never chelate, the structure of the maxillipeds, which lack special modifications found in the Caridea, and the absence of the CEiridean bend in the abdomen, while they share with the Caridea all those Eukijphotes of Boas, t Exc('pt in the aberrant Sergcstida). 461 Classification of the Decapod Crustaceans. characters, enumerated below, which separate the Natantia from the Keptantia ; (4) in their early appearance in the earth’s liistory (probably in the Trias), thaugli it is true that the remains of Reptantia are found fully as early ; (5) possibly in the structure of their gills, if, as Boas thinks, the phyllo- branchise of the Caridea and the trichobranchiae of the lower Reptantia be both derived from the dendrobranchiae of the Penaeidea. In any case it is impossible to regard the phyllo- branch condition as the original one, but whether dendro- branchiae or trichobranchiae are ta be regarded as the starting- point of the gills of the Decapoda is much more doubtful. It would be possible to support either theory by cases among the Euphausiacea which might be regarded as substantiating it. The evidence for the primitive nature of the Penaeidea is therefore strong, but it must not be supposed that the modern Penaeids were the stock from which the rest of the order arose. Their loss of the appendix interna of the pleopods which is found in Euphausiacea and in many Reptantia and Caridea, is clear evidence that they do not stand in the direct line of descent of the latter two groups. Moreover, the original Decapoda must have borne the podobranch on the fourth leg found in some of the lower Reptantia and the epipodite on the last leg, of which Coutl6re has found a vestige in many Caridea. Both these structures have been lost by the Penaeidea. The most that can be said is that, of modern Decapoda, the Penaeidea more nearly approach the primitive condition than any others. From the original Decapod stock, whose nearest descendants we have found in the modern Penaeids, the Reptantia and Caridea must have arisen separately, for it is impossible to suppose that either of these specialized groups arose from the other. They have no characters in common which they do not also share with the Penaeidea, and each, as we have seen, has characters which it shares with the latter group and not with the other. There remains, then, the question, which of the two was the first to leave the early Penaeid stem, and that this was the Reptantia is shown pretty clearly by the following facts : — (1) The Caridea and Penaeidea have undoubtedly more in common with one another than either of them has with the Reptantia. This extends to characters which are at least not obviously primitive, such as the styloeerite ” of the first antenna. (2) The gill-series in the lower Reptantia are fuller than in either Penaeids or Carids, so that it seems likely ^ Except on the second pair of the male. 462 Mr. L. A. Borradalle on the that the stock from which the latter two groups have sprung lost a portion of their heritage in this respect after the differentiation of the former. For, not only have some of the lower Reptants kept tlie podobranchs on the legs of the fourtli pair which all the Penseidea* and Caridea have lost, but on several segments in the Potamobiidse we find the full possible branchial equipment. Coutibre (‘ Comptes Rendus,’ 1905, p. 64) has elaborated an extremely ingenious theory of the homologies of the several kinds of epipodial structures of the Decapoda with one anotlier and with those of the lower Crustacea. Shortly put, this theory is as follows : — The primitive number of epipodial outgrowths of the thoracic limb of the Crustacea is two — a distal, the epipodite, belonging to the coxopodite, and a proximal, the proepipodite^ belonging to the true basal joint of the limb, which in the Decapoda is taken into the body during development. Both these struc- tures are found in Branch'pus in Anaspides. In Schizo- poda and Decapoda both proepipodite and epipodite divide into two parts. The epipodite forms in the Lophogastridse (a) the oostegite and {^) a setiferous tubercle which I shall call the setohranch. In the Caridea the epipodite forms, when present, [a) the epipodite ” {rnastigohrancK) and (/3) on the legs a setobranch of the same form as in the Lophogastridm, and on maxillipeds 2 and 3 a podobranch and an arthrobranch respectively ; in the Penseidea it forms (a) the “ epipodite ” and (y8) the (anterior) arthrobranch, wanting in Caridea and supposed to be there represented by the setobranch. The proepipodite forms in the Lophogastridai a divided gill. In the Decapoda it forms (a) the pleurobranch and (/>) the (posterior) arthrobranch. In the development of Penwus this subdivision can actually be seen to take place. The Euphausiacea have lost their proepipodite. Now, valuable and suggestive as this theory is, it is to some extent invalidated by the fact that, in the case of section ^ of the epipodite, structures which it regards as alternative developments of the same rudiment can be found coexisting. For it supposes that one arthrobranch (presumably the anterior) and the podobranch and the setobranch are equivalent and alternative structures. But in the Potamo- biidse all these are present together on several segments of the body. In Dromia Bohn has discovered what is un- doubtedly a setobranch on the third maxilliped, where, though the podobranch is wanting, both arthrobranchs are present. On the first leg the setobranch is found on the * It is only in certain of the primitive deep-sea Penaeids that the first two or three pairs of legs bear podobranchs. Classification of the Decapod Crustaceans, 463 base of the mastigobrancli and appears as an outgrowth from it, suggesting strongly that the similar process on the masti- gobranch of the third maxilliped of many crabs has the same origin and that the two branches of the forked epipodite ” of some Penasidse represent the setobranch and mastigo- branch respectively. Of course there are also cases in the lower Penaeidse and elsewhere where the podobranch and both arthrobranchs are found together. I w^ould suggest, therefore, that in the primitive Decapoda the epipodite divided not into two but into four structures — (a) the mastigobranch, (yS) the setobranch, (7) the podobranch, (3) the anterior arthrobranch— just as in the Lophogastridse the proepipodite has sometimes as many as four branches. At the same time it must be remembered that the connexion of the anterior arthrobranch with the mastigobranch is not a proved fact, as is that of the posterior arthrobranch with the pleurobranch. It seems quite possible that the ancestors of the Decapoda bore not two but three rows of epipodial outgrowths on their limbs, and that the anterior arthrobranchs represent the middle of these three rows. Besides the epipodite ” and proepipodite,” Branchipus bears on the outer side of its thoracic limbs a third outgrowth of somewhat different form. This has been doubtfully claimed as the exopodite, but may quite possibly represent the mastigobranch. (3) Whereas the Reptantia (Eryonidea &c.) appear in the Trias, the geological record shows no trace of Caridea till late Jurassic times. This group, in fact, is a late and somewhat specialized offshoot from the Penajid stem. The lower Reptantia have, perhaps, evolved further than the lower Caridea, but they are still in some respects more primitive and they took origin much earlier. Boas’s arrangement is therefore justified. The Natantia are as natural a group as the Reptantia, and into these two suborders the order must be divided. III. In considering the subdivision of the Natantia it will be evident from what has been said that the Penaeidea and the Caridea must stand as two tribes of the suborder. To these,, however, must be added a third whose position needs some examination. The little family IStenopida3 was placed by Boas with the Penaaidea, which it resembles in its tliree chelate legs and in other respects ; but other authorities have very * It is quite possible that the trichobratichiate nature of the gills of the lower Keptantia is another primitive feature lost by the Penaeidea and Caridea. > 464 Mr. L. A. Borradaile on the rightly removed it to an independent division, the Stenopidea. Tiie position of this group is extremely doubtful. It has clearly no relationship to the Caridea, for it differs from them and agrees with the Penaeidea and lower Reptantia in all respeets in which the Caridea are peculiar, but its penseid and reptant affinities are more evenly balanced. On the one hand, like most of the Penaeidea it has lost all the podobranchs behind the second maxilliped and the appendices internee, and lias legs of the natant form j on the other hand, like the lower Reptantia, it is trichobranchiate, has a curved mandibular palp and short endopodite to the first maxilliped, and lacks the copulatory apparatus of the male penajids and the spine (stylocerite) on the stalk of the antennule which is so characteristic of the Penseidea and Caridea. There would be much to be said for placing this group by itself as a suborder, but, on the whole, its affinities with the Natantia seem strong enough to justify its being included with them. Since the termination -’idea is used below for groups of a lower rank, the names of the tribes of the Natantia have, in the key which follows, been made to end in -ides. IV. Within the Reptantia, the Brachyura and the Anomura stand out as natural groups. With these I have already dealt elsewhere *. There remain for consideration the Nephropsidea, Scyllaridea, and Eryonidea. The latter two of these divisions are closely related. They differ widely from the Nephropsidea in the fusion of the carapace to the epistome, the reduction of the rostrum f and of the inner lobes of the second maxillse and first maxillipeds, the retention of appendices internee on some of the limbs at least, and the lack of sharp sutures on the tail-fin, and are very ancient, whereas Nephropsidea, at least of the modern type, do not appear till somewhat later. I propose therefore to class the Scyllaridea and Eryonidea as a single tribe of the Reptantia, giving to this tribe the name Palinura, which has the same ending as those of the other tribes of the suborder, and recalls the fact that the Palinuridse are among its members and the position in which the abdomen is carried. For the sake of uniformity, the Nephropsidea may take the name AstacurA, which will indicate that the tail-fin in all the members of the group is like that of Astacus, one of its most common representatives. Thus the old Macrura are completely dispersed. * Gardiner’s ‘ Fauna of the Maldives,’ vol. ii. p. 690. t Except in Palinurellus. Classification of the Decapod Crustaceans. 465 V. The following tree illustrates diagram m at ically the relation ship between the groups which have been discussed : — Brachyura. I have grouped the families of the Carides into super- families,” based on, but not quite the same as, the extremely suggestive alliances ” proposed by Major Alcock for the Indian deep-sea families. The shape of the mandible should not be followed too implicitly as an indication of affinity in this group. It shows a tendency to division into molar ” and “ cutting ” halves throughout the order. In the higher Carides this division is greatly accentuated, but in some cases a secondary simplicity is reached by the loss of one of the halves, and this has happened independently in Latreutes and the Crangonoida (cutting-edge) and, I think, Pasiplueidse 466 Mr L. A. Borradaile on the (molar process). The palp comes and goes from genus to genus. The following tree is an attempt to represent diagram- matically the course of the evolution of the Oarides : — Pdlaemonoida. In discussing the classification of the crabs, I have else- where * suggested, among other clianges, the abolition of the distinction between the groups Cyclometopa and Catometopa. The families gathered under the latter name have probably genetic affinity, at least in some cases, but they pass into the * Gardiner’s ‘Fauna of the Maldives/ vol. i. p. 425, Classification of the Decapod Crustaceans, 467 Cyclometopa by such easy transition and, even in typical genera, differ from them so little that their separation is a needless and misleading complication of the system. It would, in fact, be logically necessary, if a group Cyclometopa were to be retained, to balance it by dividing the other brachyrhynchous crabs into equivalent sections somewhat as follows : — (1) Corystidge, (2) Portunidse, (3) Potamonidae, (4) Atelecyclidae and Cancridae, (5) Xanthidae and Gono- placidae, (6) Pinnotherida?, (7) ? Ptenoplacidae and Palicidae:, (8) Hapalocarcinidae. VIII. A Table of the Classification of the Crustacea Decapoda. Suborder NAT ANTI A. Tribe Pen^ides. Families: Penseidae (subfamilies: Cerataspinae, Aristaeinas, Sicyo- niuae, Penaeinae), Sergestidae (subfauiilies : Sergestinae, Ampbioniuae, Leuciferinae). Tribe C a n i d e s. Superfamily Pasiph^oida. Families : Bresiliidae, Pasiphaeidae. Superfamily Hoplophoroida. Families : Hoplopboridae, Nematocarcinidae, Atyidae. Superfamily Stylodactyloida. Family Stylodactylidae. Superfamily Psalidopodoida. Family Psalidopodidae. Superfamily Pandaloida. Family Pandalidae (subfamilies : Thalassocarinae, Pandaliuae). Superfamily Palcemonoida. Families : Alpbeidae, Hippolytidae, Phyncliocynetidae, Pabc- monidae (subfamilies : Hymenocerinae, Pontoniiuae, Palae- moninae). Superfamily Crangonoida. Families : Gnathophyllidae, [Autonomaeidae ?], Processidae, Glyphocrangonidae, Crangonidae. Tribe Stenopides. Family Stenopidae. Suborder EEPTANTIA. Tribe Palinuea. Superfamily Bryonidea. Family Eryonidae. Superfamily Scyllaridea. Families : Scyllaridae, Palinuridae. Tribe Astac ura. Families : Nephropsidae, Parastacidae, Potamobiida;. 4G8 Mr. L. A. Borradaile on the Tribe Anomura. Superfamily Galatheidea. Families ; J^gleidae, Chirostylidae, Galatbeidae (subfamilies : Galatheinae, Munidapsinae), Porcellanidae. Superfamily Thalassinidea. Families : Axiidse, Laomediidse, Callianassidae (subfamilies : Callianassinae, Upogebiinse), Tbalassinidae. Superfamily Tacjuridea. Families : Pylochelidae, Paguridae (subfamilies ; Pagurinae, Eupagurinae),GcBnob,itidae, Lithodidae (subfamilies : Ilapalo- gastrinse, Lithodinae). Superfamily Hi2)pidea. Families: Albuneidae, Hippidag. Tribe Brachyura. Subtribe Dromiacea. Superfamily Dromiidea. Families : Homolodromiidae, DromiidcBj Dynomeriidae. Superfamily Homolidea. Families : Homolidae, Latreillidae., Subtribe Brachygnatha. Superfamily Brachyrhpncha ( Cancridea). Families: Corystidae, Atelecyclidae (subfamilies : Tliiinae, Acan- tbocycliiiae, Atelecycliuae), PTricbiidae, Cancridae (sub- families; Cancrinae, Pirimelinae), Portunidae (subfamilies: Carcinidinae, Portumniuae, Gatoptrinae, Carupinae, Portuu- inae, Capli5U‘inae, Thalamitinae, Podoplithalminae), Potamon- idae (subfamilies : Potamoninae, Deckeniinae, Potamocarcin- inae, Trichodactjdinae), Xanthidae (subfamilies : Xantliinae, Carpilinae, Etisinae, Meiiippinae, Trapeziinae, Eripliiinae, Oziiuae), Carcinoplacidae (subfamilies : Carcinoplacinae, Gonoplacinae, Prionoplacinae, Rliizopinae, Hexapodinae), Pinnotlieridae, Grapsidae (subfamilies: Grapsinae, Varuninae, Sesarminae, Plagusiinae), Gecarcinidae, Ocypodidae (sub- families : Ocypodinae, Macroplitlialmiiiae, Mictyrinae), Pali- cidae, Ptenoplacidae, Hapalocarcinidae. Superfamily OxyrJiyncha {Maiidea). Families : Parthenopidas (subfamilies : Partbenopinae, Eiimedo- ninae), Maiidae (subfamilies : Inacbinae, Acaiitbouycbiuae, Pirinae, Maiinae), Hymenosomidae., Subtribe Oxystomata. Families : Calappidae (subfamilies : Calappinae, Oritbyinae, Matutinae), Leucosiidae (subfamilies : Leiicosiinae, Iliime), llauinidae, Dorippidae (subfamilies : Uorippinae, Tymoliuae). IX. A Conspectus of the Classification of the Crustacea Decapoda. Key to the Suborders. I. Rostrum seldom reduced or absent, if well developed almost invariably compressed. Body almost always compressed. First abdominal segment not much smaller than 4G9 Classification of the Decapod Crustaceans. the rest. First antennae irenerally bear a stylocerite. Second antennal scale generally large. Legs slender (except sometimes a stout chelate limb or pair which may be any one of the first three pairs), with basipodite and ischiopodite never fused, only one fixed point in the carpo-propodal articulation, sometimes exopodites, and podobranchs hardly ever present on the first three pairs and never on the last two. Male genital opening almost always arthrodial. Abdo- minal limbs 1-5 always present in full num- ber, well developed, and used for swimming. NATANTIA. II. Rostrum often reduced or absent, depressed if present. Body not compressed, generally depressed. First abdominal segment dis- tinctly smaller than the rest. N o st5docerite. Second antennal scale never large, generally small or absent. Legs strong, the first usually, the others never, stouter than their fellows, basipodite and ischiopodite almost always fused in the first pair, generally also in the others ; two fixed points in the carpo- propodal articulation, exopodites never present, podobranchs fairly often present on some of the first four paii’S. Male genital opening coxal or sternal. Abdominal limbs 1-0 often reduced or absent, not used for swimming REPTANTIA. ‘ Key to the Tribes of the Nat ant hi. I. Third legs chelate, except in genera in which the legs are much reduced. Third maxilli- peds 7-jointed. Second maxillipeds with normal end-joints. First maxillipeds with- out the caridean lobe on the base of the exopodites. Pleura of first abdominal seg- ment not overlapped by those of second. Abdomen without sharp bend. Not phyllo- branchiate (except Amphioninfe). 1. One or both legs of third pair longer and much stouter than those of first two pairs. Trichobranchiate. Endopodites of first maxillipeds short. Mandibular palps curved. First antennae without stylo- cerites. First abdominal limbs of male not as in Penaeides STENOPIDES. 2. Legs of third pair not stouter than those of first two pairs. Dendrobranchiate (except Leuciferinae and Amphioninae : see below). Endopodites of first maxillipeds long. Mandibular palps straight. First antennae generally with stylocerites. First abdo- minal limbs of male bear a sexual apparatus PENAUDES. 470 Mr. L. A. Borradaile on the II. Third legs not chelate. Third maxillipeds 4-0-jointed. End-joint in second maxilli- peds nearly always lies as a strip along end of joint before it. First maxillipeds have a lobe on the base of the exopodites. Pleura of second abdominal segment overlap those of first. Abdomen has generally a sharp bend. Phyllobranchiate CARIDES. Key to the Families of the Penseides. I. Last two pairs of legs well developed. Gills many Penaeidae. II. Last one or two pairs of legs reduced or lost. Gills few (up to 8) or wanting Sergestidae. Key to the Subfamilies of the Penaeid«?. I. Carapace covers le;.fs. Exopodites well deve- loped. [Podobranchs on some legs.] Cerataspime , II. Carapace of normal size. Exopodites re- duced or lost. 1. Well-developed podobranchs on some legs. [Exopodites on maxillipeds and sometimes on some legs. Arthrobranchs in double series. First antennae without leaf-like appendage on first joint.] Aristcsince. 2. No podobranchs on legs (vestige on first legs of Halijjorus). i. No exopodite behind first maxillipeds. Arthrobranchs in single series. No leaf-like appendage on first joint in first antennae Sicyonince. ii. Exopodites on all maxillipeds and usually some legs. Arthrobranchs in double series. A leaf-like appendage on inner side of first j oint in first antennae .... Penceince. Key to the Subfamilies of the Sergestidae. I. All the thoracic limbs biramous. Gills present and resemble phyllobrancliiae Amphionincp. II. Last seven thoracic limbs uniramous. Gills, if present, are dendrobranchiae. 1. Head not greatly elongated. Gills present. Seryestince. 2. Head greatly elongated. No gills Leucif evince. Key to the Supevfamilies of the Carides. I. Second maxillipeds normal. [Exopodites on some or all legs. Mastigobranchs on none. First two pairs stouter than the rest, with normal chelae and undivided wrist- joints. Mandibles without or with distinct but small molar process, with or without palps.] Pasiph^.oida. 471 Classification of the Decapod Crustaceans, II. Second maxilli^eds with the sixth and seventh joints articulating separately on fifth. [No exopodites on legs. Mastigobranchs on first to fourth pairs. First two pairs of good size, chelate, with very long fingers and undivided wrist-joints. Mandibles imperfectly cleft, with palp.] III. Second maxillipeds with short seventh joint, usually applied as a strip to the end of the sixth. 1. Mandibles imperfectly cleft. Exopodites usually present on all or some legs. First two pairs of legs substantially similar, of moderate size, chelate, with undivided wrist-joint. [Mastigobranchs present on some legs (except Limnocaridina).'] .... 2. Mandibles either deeply cleft or simple, apparently owing to the loss of the cutting- edge. No exopodites on legs (except in a very few cases on the first pair). First two pairs of legs more or less unlike. i. At least the basipodites of the second maxillae well developed. Mandibles rarely simple {Latreutes &c. ). First legs not subchelate. (1) First two pairs of legs slender. First pair simple or minutely chelate. Second chelate, with wrist divided into two or more joints. [Mastigo- branchs generally present on legs.] . . (2) First legs with both fingers movable, second with last joint replaced by a tuft of bristles and undivided wrist- joint. [No mastigobranchs on legs.] (3) First two pairs of legs not both slender (one often very large), chelate. Wrist of second pair often subdivided. [Mastigobranchs present or not.] . . ii. Inner lobes of second maxillae reduced. Mandibles simple. First legs often sub- chelate. [Second wrist divided or not. No mastigobranchs on legs.] Stylodactyloida. Hoplophoroiba. Pandaloida. PSALIDOPODOIDA. PALmiONOIDA. Crangonoida. Key to the Families of the PasiphsGoida. I. Rostrum small or wanting. No molar process on the mandibles. Inner lobes of second maxillae and first maxillipeds reduced. Exo- pcdites on all legs Pasiphaeidae. II. Rostrum well developed. Mandibles with a distinct molar process. Inner lobes of second maxillae and first maxillipeds not reduced. Exopodites on first two pairs of legs only . . Bresiliidae. Key to the Families of the Hoploplioroida, I. Both fingers of chelae S]^on-like and ending in tufts of bristles. Exopodites may be 472 ^Ir. L. A. Borradaile on the ■wanting on some or all legs. Freshwater forms Atyidae. II. Chelee not as in Atyidae. Exopodites on all legs. Deep-sea forms. 1. Last three pairs of legs abnormally long. A lash on the exopodite of the first maxillipeds Nematocarcinidae. 2. Last three pairs of legs not abnormally long. No lash on the exopodite of the first maxillipeds Hoplophoridae. Key to the Subfamilies of the Pandalidse. I. Second wrists undivided Thalassocarinfc . II. Second wrists subdivided Pandalince. Key to the Families of the Palaemonoida. I. Second wrists subdivided. 1. First legs much stronger than rest. Eyes usually covered by carapace. [Mastigo- branchs of legs and mandibular palps present.] Alpheidae. 2. First legs not much stronger than rest. Eyes not covered by carapace. [Mastigo- branchs of legs and mandibular palps present or absent,] Hippolytidae. II. Second wrists undivided. 1. nostrum movable. Mastigobranchs on legs. [Mandibular palp present.] ...... Rh5mchocinetid3e. 2. Rostrum not movable. No mastigobranchs on legs Palaemonidae. Key to the Subfamilies of the Palaemonidae. I. First antennae with two flagella (one usually cleft for some distance from the tip). Third maxillipeds have third joint flat and often broad. 1. Mandibles with palps. Propodites of second legs, third maxillipeds, and one branch in first antennae broad and flat . . Ilymenocerincc. 2. Mandibles without palps. Limbs not broadened as in Hymenocerinae Pontoniince. II. First antennae with three flagella (owing to cleavage of one almost or quite to the base). Third maxillipeds pediform. [Mandibular palps usually present.] Paloimonince. Key to the Families of the Crangonoida. I. One or both legs of first pair chelate. Rostrum short, compressed. [1. Second legs simple Autonomaeidae.] * numcca is that Risso, who described it, thought it related to Processa. 473 Classification of the Decapod Crustaceans. 2. Second legs chelate. i. Both legs of the first pair chelate. Second ■wrists undivided. Third joint in the third maxillipeds very broad. Rostrum toothed ii. One leg of the first pair simple. Second wrists subdivided. Third maxillipeds pediform. Rostrum not toothed .... II. Both legs of the first pair subchelate. Ros- trum long or short, not compressed. 1. Second wrists subdivided. Inner lobes of first maxillipeds not reduced. Rostrum 2. Second wrist undivided. luner lobes of first maxillipeds reduced. Rostrum short. Gnath ophy llidas . Processidse. Glyphocrangonidae. Crangonidae. Key to the Tribes of the lleptantia. I. Third legs like first, either chelate or simple and subcylindrical. Abdomen macrurous (straight, symmetrical, well armoured, with good pleura and strong broad tail-fin, lobes on the first segment clipping the carapace). Gnathobases of second maxillae narrow. Basipoditic lobes of first maxillipeds usually deep. Exopodites of maxillipeds with lash directed forwards. Gills numerous. [Last , thoracic segment with legs not differing greatly from the rest and sternum rarely free, j 1. Carapace fused at the sides to the epistome. Rostrum small or wanting (except Palinu- rellus). Inner lobes of second maxillae and first maxillipeds reduced. An ap- pendix interna on some of the abdominal limbs, at least in the female, but the exo- podites of the last pair without sharp suture. Body often depressed FALINURA, 2. Carapace free from the epistome. Rostrum of good size. Inner lobes of second max- illae and first maxillipeds not reduced. No appendix interna y but the exopodites of the last abdominal limb divided by a suture. Body subcylindrical ASTACUIiA. n. Third legs unlike first *, never chelate. Ab- domen rarely macrurous. Gnathobase of second maxillae typically broad. Basipoditic lobes of first maxillipeds broad but shallow, their inner edge usually in a line with that of the coxopodite. Exopodites of maxillipeds ■^'ith lash, when present, nearly always bent inwards. Gills usually few. 1. Carapace not fused with epistome. Last thoracic sternum free, its legs differing * Gebicula nearly forms an exception to this. Ann. May. N. Hist. Ser. 7. Vol. xix, 33 474 Mr. L. A. Borraclaile on the always clearly in size and position and nearly always in size and shape from the third pair. Abdomen anomurous (reduced in some of its features, but showing- clear traces of some function other than that of reproduction, and almost always carrying- biramous limbs on the sixth segment) or, rarely, macrurous. A movable antennal scale often present. Third maxillipeds usually narrow ANOMURA. 2. Carapace fused with epistome at sides and nearly always also in middle. Last tho- racic sternum fused with rest, its legs often like the others. Abdomen brachy- urous (small, straight, symmetrical, bent under the thorax, showing no traces of other function than reproduction, and without biramous limbs on the sixth seg- ment). Never a movable antennal scale. Third maxillipeds broad BRACHYURA, Key to the Superfamilies of the Palinura. I. Carapace gripped by the first abdominal segment alone. First joint of second an- tennae not fused withi epistome ; a scale present on this limb. All the legs, except sometimes the last pair, chelate ; the first larger than the rest. Unbranched limbs on the first abdominal segment. Tail-fin not softer behind than before, without sutures. Telson pointed Eryonidea. II. Carapace gripped between a lobe on the first abdominal segment and a knob on the side of the last thoracic. First joint of second antennae fused with epistome ; no scale on this limb. None of the legs much longer than the rest, ca*, except sometimes the first pair, chelate. No limbs on first abdominal segment. Tail-fin divided by indistinct sutures into a soft hinder half and a harder front half. Telson roughly square behind. . Scyllartdea. Key to the Families of the Scyllaridea. I. Cephalothorax subcylindrical. Eyes not en- closed in separate orbits formed by the edge of the carapace. Second antennae with flagella Palinuridae. IT. Cephalothorax depressed. Eyes enclosed in separate orbits formed by the edge of the carapace. Second antennae with flat scales in place of the flagella Scyllaridae. 475 Classification of the Decapod Crustaceans. Key to the Families of the Astacura. I. Podobranchs not united with the mastigo- branchs. Last thoracic segment fixed. [Sexual appendages in male. Four pleuro- branchs.] Nephropsidae. II. Podobranchs united with the mastigobranchs. Last thoracic segment free. 1. Gills have a lamina, but no hooks at the end of the filaments. Sexual appendages in male. One pleurobranch or none .... Potamobiidae. 2. Gills have no lamina, but hooks at the end of the filaments. No sexual appendages in male. Generally four pleurobranchs . . Parastacidae. Key to the Superfamilies of the I. Second to fourth legs with last joint curved and flattened. First pair styliform or sub- chelate. [Tail-fin not adapted for swim- ming. Abdomen bent under thorax. Eos- trum small or wanting. Third maxillipeds have no mastigobranchs.] II. Second to fourth legs with last joint not curved and flattened. First pair not styli- form, rarely subchelate. 1. Sixth abdominal limbs adapted for swim- ming (except in Thalassina, where they are styliform). Pleura usually well deve- loped. Abdomen symmetrical. i. Body depressed. Pleurobranchs to last legs. Often a transverse suture on telson. Abdomen more or less bent . . ii. Body compressed. No pleurobranch to last leg. N 0 transverse suture on telson. Abdomen straight 2. Sixth abdominal lim bs, when present, with branches neither broad nor styliform, but adapted for holding the body into hollow objects. Pleura very rare. Abdomen nearly always asymmetrical, and either soft and twisted or bent under the thorax. Anotimra. Hippidea. Galathbidea. Thalassinidea. Paguridea. Key to the Families of the Hippidea. I. First legs subchelate. Carapace flattened, without wings to cover the legs. Third maxillipeds narrow, with exopodites Albuneidae. II. First legs simple. Carapace subcylindrical, with wings which cover the legs. Third maxillipeds broad, without exopodites .... Hippidaa. Key to the Families of the Galatlieidea. I. Trichobranchiate. Eight arthrobranchs. No limbs on second abdominal segment of male. [Abdomen not folded against thorax. Second antennae with 5-jointed stalk, but no scale.] jEgleidae. 33* 47G Mr. L. A. Borradalle on the II. Phyllobranchiate. Tenarthrobrancbs. Limbs on second abdominal segment of male. 1. Arthrobranchs stand on side of thorax. Second antennae have 5-jointed stalk and usually a spiniform scale. [Abdomen not folded against the thorax. Third maxilli- peds veithout mastigobranch.] Chirostylidae. 2. Arthrobranchs normally placed. Second antennae have 4-jointed stalk and no scale (or vestiges only). i. Abdomen not folded against thorax. Third maxillipeds with mastigobranchs Galatheidse. ii. Abdomen folded against thorax. Body crab-like. Third maxillipeds without mastigobranchs Porcellanidae. Key to the Sahfamilies of the Galatlieidas. I. Eyes well developed. Exopodites of third maxillipeds with 1-jointed “ flagella ” .... Galatheirus. II. Eyes reduced. Exopodites of third maxilli- peds without flagella Mu7iidopsina. Key to the Families of the Thalassiiiidea. I. No tinea thalassinica. Both movable and flxed antennal thorns present, though some- times minute (? absent in Scptoleptus). Ab- dominal pleura large. [Last endopodite without suture. Second legs chelate.] .... Axiidae. II. JLinea thalassinica present (except Callia- nidea). Fixed antennal thorn wanting ; scale reduced to a flattened vestige or wanting. Abdominal pleura usually small. 1. Sutures on endopodite and exopodite of sixth abdominal limbs. Abdominal pleura of a good size ; • • • : Laomediidae. 2. No sutures on sixth abdominal limbs. Ab- dominal pleura small. i. Second leg chelate or simple. No podo- branchs on legs. Abdominal limbs 3-6 broad. A vestige of antennal scale remains Callianassidae ii. Second leg subchelate. Podobranchs on legs 1-3. Abdominal limbs all narrow. No vestige of antennal scale Thalassinidae. Key to the Subfamilies of the Callianassidge. I. Rostrum large. Legs of first pair equal. No appendix interna on abdominal limbs 3-5 . . Upogehimce, II. Rostrum small. Legs of first pair unequal. An appendix interna on abdominal limbs 3 -5. Cidlianassince. Classification of the Decapod Crustaceans. 477 Key to the Families of the Paguridea. I. Abdomen straight or twisted. Carapace firm and more or less compressed in the fore part, soft in the hinder part, at least at the sides. Fourth legs unlike third. Rostrum almost or quite wanting. Sixth abdominal limb present. 1. Abdomen macrurous and symmetrical, with all the limbs present. Trichobranchiate. Pylochelidae. 2. Abdomen more or less unsym metrical, some of the limbs lost. Generally phyllo- branchiate. i. Antennal scale well developed (thorn- like). First antennae with stalk of moderate length and flagella ending in a filament. Marine forms Paguridae. ii. Antennal scale reduced. First antennae with very long stalk and flagella ending bluntly. Land forms Coenobitidae. II. Abdomen bent under thorax. Body crab- like. Carapace firm all over. Fourth legs like third. Rostrum spiniform. Sixth ab- dominal appendages lost Lithodidae. Key to the Subfamilies of the Paguridse. I. Third maxillipeds approximated at base. Chelipeds equal or subequal, or the left much the larger PagurincB. II. Third maxillipeds wide apart at base. Right cheliped usually, left never, much the larger. Eupagurin^. Key to the Subfamilies of the Lithodidae. I. Third to fifth abdominal segments imperfectly calcified. Rostrum short and broad IIapalogastrin<£. II. Third to fifth abdominal segments well calci- fied. Rostrum generally narrow and pointed. Lithodince. Key to the Subtribes of the Bracliyura. I. Mouth-field (endostome) prolonged forwards to form a gutter. [Last pair of legs normal or abnormal. Female openings generally sternal. First abdominal limbs of female wanting. Gills few.] II. Mouth-field roughly square. A. Last pair of legs abnormal, dorsal. Female openings coxal. First abdominal limbs of female present. Gills usually many .... B. Last pair of legs normal, rarely reduced, not dorsal, except in Palicus and Pteno- plax. Female openings sternal. First abdominal limbs of female wanting. Gills few OXYSTOMATA. DROMIACEA. BRACHYGNATHA. 478 Mr. L. A. Borradaile on the Key to the Families of the Oxystomata. I. Body of the shape usual iu crabs. Abdomen hidden under thorax. Antennae small. Legs normal in position. A. Afferent openings to gill-chambers lie in front of first legs (chelipeds). Gills 9 on each side. Male openings coxal B. Afferent openings to gill-chambers lie on either side of the mouth at the base of the third maxillipeds. Gills less than 9 a side. Male openings sternal II. Body more or less abnormal in shape. Ab- domen not hidden under thorax. Antennae large. Last one or two pairs of legs in a more dorsal position than the rest. A. Carapace short. Last two pairs of legs subprehensile, with hook-like end-joints. . B. Carapace long. Legs usually have the last two joints very broad Calappidae. Leucosiidae. Dorippidae. Haninidae. Key to the Subfamilies of the Calappidse. I. Last three joints in third maxillipeds not hidden by the meropodite. Orbits not sepa- rated from the antennular sockets. A. Meropodites of third maxillipeds not elon- gate nor acute. Exopodites of same limbs with flagella. Legs not adapted for swimming Caluppince. B. Meropodites of third maxillipeds elongate and acute. Exopodites of same limbs without flagella. Legs adapted for swimming . . .^ Orithyince. II. Last three joints in third maxillipeds hidden by the meropodite. Orbits more or less separated from the antennular sockets. [Exopodites of third maxillipeds with fla- gella. Meropodite in same limbs elongate and acute. Legs may be adapted for swim- ming or not.] Matutince. Key to the Subfamilies of the Leucosiidae. I. Meropodites of third maxillipeds more than half the length of the ischiopodites. Fingers stout, gradually narrowing from base to tip, usually shorter than the palm Leucoswuc. II. Meropodites of third maxillipeds never more than half the length of the ischiopodites. Fingers slender, of even width from the base to near the tip, usually longer than palm . . lliinee. Key to the Subfamilies of the Dorippidae. I. Third maxillipeds leave a good part of the mouth uncovered. Inward openings to the gills near the base of the chelipeds Dorippina-. Classification of the Decapod Crustaceans. 479 II. Third maxillipeds almost completely cover the mouth. Inward openings to the gills may or may not be near the base of the chelipeds TymolincB. Key to the Superfamilies of the Dromiacea. I. Sternum of female with longitudinal grooves. Vestiges of sixth abdominal limbs usually present. Gills 14-20 on each side. Eyes usually completely sheltered by orbits when retracted. No linece homolicce Dromiidea. II. Sternum of female without longitudinal grooves. No vestiges of sixth abdominal limbs. Gills 8-14 on each side. Eyes in- completely or not at all sheltered by orbits when withdrawn against the body. Linece homolicce usually present Homolidka. ^ Key to the Families of the Dromiidea. I. No vestige of sixth abdominal limbs. Cara- pace longer than broad, with ill-marked side-edge. [First three legs with mastigo- branchs, fourth and fifth small, subdorsal, and prehensile.] II. Vestiges of sixth abdominal limbs present (except in Hypoconcha, where also no mastigobranchs). Carapace usually not longer than broad, with well-marked side- edge. A. Mastigobranchs on first legs (chelipeds) only or on none. Fourth and fifth legs small, subdorsal, and usually prehensile . . B. Mastigobranchs on all the first three pairs of legs. Fifth legs only small and sub- dorsal Homolodromiidae. Dromiidae. Dynomenidse. Key to the Families of the Homolidea. I. Gills 13 or 14 on each side. Mastigobranchs on first one or three pairs of legs. First j oint of eye-stalks not much longer than second . Homolidae. II. Gills 8 on each side. Mastigobranchs not found on any legs. First joint of eye-stalks much longer than second Latreillidae. Key to the Superfamilies of the Brachjgnatha. I. Fore part of body narrow, usually forming a distinct rostrum. Body more or less trian- [(Maude a). gular. Orbits generally incomplete Oxybhyncha II. F 'ore part of body broad. Rostrum usually reduced or wanting. Body oval, round, or [(Cancridea). square. Orbits nearly always well enclosed. Brachyrhyncha 480 Mr. L. A. Borradaile on the Key to the Families of the Oxyrhynclia. I. Carapace thin and flat. First legs (chelipeds) not long or specially mobile or with fingers bent at an angle with the hand. Male opening sternal. [No orbits. Second joint of antennal stalk slender, fused with epistome but not with front. No hooked hairs.]. . . . Hymenosomidae. II. Carapace not thin and flat (except Ocinopus). First legs either mobile or powerful, with bent fingers. Male opening coxal. A. Chelipeds specially mobile, rarely much greater than the other legs, or with fingers bent at an angle on the hand. Second joint of antenna well developed, generally fused with epistome and often with front. Orbits generally more or less incomplete. Hooked hairs almost always present .... Maiidae. B. Chelipeds not specially mobile, usually much longer and heavier than the other legs, and with fingers bent on the hand at an angle towards the side on which the fixed finger is set. Second joint of an- tennae small, short, and not fused with epistome or front. Orbits well made. Hooked hairs almost always wanting . . Par then opidae. Key to the Subfamilies of the Maiidae. I. Second joint of antennae very slender through- out its length. [No orbits. Eye-stalks generally long.] Inachince. II. Second joint of antennae not very slender. A. No true orbits (eye-stalks hidden under a supraocular spine or sunken in the sides of a great rostrum). Second joint of antenna truncate-triangular. Eye-stalks very short Acanihonychir B. True orbits, containing both supra- and postocular elements sheltering the eyes, are more or less completely formed, except in a few genera where the eye-stalks are long and slender. Second antenna- joint broad, usually not truncate-triangular. Eye-stalks long or short. 1. A large, cupped, usually blunt postocular process present. Eye-stalks short. Cornea of eyes not completely hidden when they are folded back Pisince. 2. Postocular process, if present, usually sharp and not cupped, but if not so, then cornea hidden (as also in most other cases). Eye-stalks usually long . Maiince. Key to the Sulfamilies of the Partlienopidse. I. Carapace usually triangular, sometimes sub- oval or subpentagonal. Rostrum simple. 481 Classification of the Decapod Crustaceans, Chelipeds much bigger than the other legs. Branchial regions of the body deeply sepa- rated from 'cardiac Partlienopinm. IJarapace usually sharply pentagonal. Ros- trum cleft into two. Chelipeds of moderate size. Branchial regions of the body not deeply separated from cardiac Eurnedonince. Key to the Families of the Brachyrhyncha. I. Orbits formed, but more or less incomplete. Second antennal flagella, when present, long and hairy. Rostrum present. Body elongate-oval. Fore edge of the mouth indistinct II. Orbits complete (though fissures may remain), except in the Mictyrinae, where the eyes are almost or quite unprotected. Body rarely elongate-oval. Rostrum often wanting. Second antennal flag<3lla usually short, not hairy. A. Carpopodites of third maxillipeds articu- late at or near antero-internal angle of the meropodites. Body usually round or transversely oval. Male openings nearly always coxal. In many species the right chela is always larger than the left. 1. Legs more or less distinctly adapted for swimming. Usually a small lobe on the inner angle of the endopodite in the first maxillipeds. [First antennae fold slanting or transverse.] 2. Legs not adapted for swimming, or, if so modified, then the vas deferens opens sternally or runs in a sternal groove (certain Macrophthalmus and Lihystes). Inner lobe on the endopodite in the first maxillipeds wanting. a. Freshwater crabs with the branchial region much developed and swollen. [Body often squarish, but male open- ing coxal.] b. Marine crabs, with the branchial region not greatly swollen, i. First antennae fold lengthwise. (a) Carapace subcircular. Second antennal flagella either long and hairy or wanting (b) Carapace broadly oval or hexa- gonal. Second antennal flagella present, short, not hairy Corystidae. Portunidae. Potamonidae. Atelecyclidae Cancridae. * Trichia, de Haan, is somewhere in the neighbourhood of this family. 482 Mr. L. A. Borradaile on the ii. First antennaB fold slanting or transversely. (a) Body usually transversely oval. Male openings rarely sternal. Not sharply separated from the following family (b) Body usually square or squarish. Male ducts open on the sternum, or, if coxal, pass along a groove in the sternum. Not sharply separated from the foregoiug family B. Carpopodites of third maxillipeds do not articulate at or near the inner angle of the meropodites. Body usually square or squarish. Male openings sternal, except in Ptenoplax, where the duct passes along a sternal groove to the coxopodite. In no species is the right chela always larger than the left. 1. Small symbiotic crabs, with very small eyes and orbits. Body usually more or less rounded 2. Free-living crabs, with eyes not specially reduced and usually a square body. a. Last pair of legs dorsally placed and weaker than the others. Interan- tennular septum very thin. [No distinct epistome. Exopodites of third maxillipeds not hidden.] i. Front narrow. Female opening in normal position. Third maxilli- peds subpediform, not covering the mouth ii. Front moderately broad. Female openings on the sternal segment corresponding to first pair of walk- ing-legs. Third maxillipeds cover the mouth ventrally and have very small meropodites b. Last pair of legs not dorsally placed nor markedly weaker than the rest. Interantennular septum not very thin, except in Macrophthalminae. i. A gap of greater or less size is left between the third maxillipeds. Front broad or moderately so. (a) Sides of the body either straight or very slightly arched. Shape square. Rarely true land-crabs. {b) Sides of the body arched. Shape transversely oval. Land-crabs . ii. Third maxillipeds almost or quite close the mouth. Front mode- rately or very narrow C. Meropodite in third maxillipeds small, bearing terminally a carpopodite of Xanthidae. Gonoplacidae. Pinnotheridae. Ptenoplacidae. Palicidae. Grapsidae. Gecarcinidae. Ocypodidae. Classification of the Decapod Crustaceans. 483 nearly its own width. Ischiopodite very broad. [Body somewhat oblong. First antenn® not retractile into sockets. Parasitic on corals.] Hapalocarcinidae. Key to the Subfamilies of the Portunidse. I. Eye-stalk and orbits normal. A. Basal joint of second antennae narrow. [Flagella of second antennae not shut out from orbits.] i. First antennae sloping. Front with a median tooth. Generally at least one pair of walking-legs as long as chelipeds. 1. Last pair of legs not distinctly natatorial. Carcinidinid Myonycteris. River, Millsbury, Liberia; type in the Leyden Museum. Chief characters, according to Jentink : postcanine teeth f; second digit without claw. But the rest of the descrip- tion and all the measurements are sufficient evidence that L, Biittikoferi was based on a Pt. helms. It is important to note that the skull was not extracted from the specimen (I conclude from the fact that it is not recorded in Jentink^s Catalogue of osteological specimens in the Leyden Museum) ; the small posterior upper molar [rr^) can therefore easily have been overlooked ; in aged individuals with much worn teeth it is not rarely lost. The lack of a claw to the index-finger must be fortuitous or an individual abnormality. 3. Pterocyon sabceuSj sp. n. Differs from Pt, helvus in the following particulars : — Skull smaller ; total length (one male ad., six females ad.) 51*5-55 mm., against 54*5-62*2 in Pt. helvus (nineteen males ad., twelve females ad.) ; maxillary tooth-row 19*2- 20*8, against 21-23*5 ; cranial rostrum slenderer ; posterior premolar and molars, above and below, markedly broader than in the larger-skulled Pt, helvus. The external dimen- sions average slightly smaller. Range. — 8. Arabia (Lahej, Aden). Type. — ? ad., skin and skull. Lahej, Aden ; Aug. 19tli, 189k Collected by Mr. Dodson. 13ritish Museum, no. 99. 11. 6. 3. II. Rousettus, Gray. 1821. Rousettus, Gray, London Medical Reposi- tory, XV. p. 299 (Apr. 1, 1821 ) 1829. Cercopteropus, Burnett, Quart. Journ. Sci. Lit. Art, xxvii. p. 269 1843. Eleutherura, Gray, List Mamm. B. M. p. xix. Nomen nudum. 1843. Xantharpyia, Gray, List Mamm. B. M. pp. xix, 37 1844. Eleutherura^ Grav, Voyage ‘ Sulphur,’ i. p. 29 ‘ 1852. Cynonycteris, Peters, Reise Mossamb., Zool. i., Saugeth. p. 25 1870. Senonycteris, Gray, Cat. Monk. &c. p. 115. Type. R. cegyptiacus. R. cegyptiacus. R. amplexicaudatus. R. Leachi. R. Leachi. R. seminudus. Basicranial axis considerably deflected: alveolar line pro- jected backward passing through upper part of occipital condyle (minimum of deflection) or through base of zygoma (maximum). Front of orbit vertically above posterior half or middle of wb Tympanic not produced into a bony Ann,